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Office Of Science And Technology Policy
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Book Synopsis The Science of Science Policy by : Julia I. Lane
Download or read book The Science of Science Policy written by Julia I. Lane and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2011-03-18 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Basic scientific research and technological development have had an enormous impact on innovation, economic growth, and social well-being. Yet science policy debates have long been dominated by advocates for particular scientific fields or missions. In the absence of a deeper understanding of the changing framework in which innovation occurs, policymakers cannot predict how best to make and manage investments to exploit our most promising and important opportunities. Since 2005, a science of science policy has developed rapidly in response to policymakers' increased demands for better tools and the social sciences' capacity to provide them. The Science of Science Policy: A Handbook brings together some of the best and brightest minds working in science policy to explore the foundations of an evidence-based platform for the field. The contributions in this book provide an overview of the current state of the science of science policy from three angles: theoretical, empirical, and policy in practice. They offer perspectives from the broader social science, behavioral science, and policy communities on the fascinating challenges and prospects in this evolving arena. Drawing on domestic and international experiences, the text delivers insights about the critical questions that create a demand for a science of science policy.
Book Synopsis Diplomacy for the 21st Century by : National Research Council
Download or read book Diplomacy for the 21st Century written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-07-08 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diplomacy for the 21st Century recommends steps that the Department of State should embrace to take full advantage of the leading science and technology (S&T) capabilities of the United States. These capabilities provide the department with many opportunities to promote a variety of the interests of the United States and its allies in a rapidly changing world wherein S&T are important drivers of economic development at home and abroad and help ensure international security. This report assesses and makes recommendations concerning the changing environment for the conduct of diplomacy in the years ahead, with a focus on the role of S&T in the development and implementation of U.S. policies and programs. According to this report, prompt steps by the department's leadership are essential to ensure adequate comprehension of the importance of S&T-related developments throughout the world and to incorporate this understanding within the nation's foreign policy for the 21st century. This report also urges the adoption by the department of a broader whole-of-society approach in carrying out its responsibilities at home and abroad - extending beyond traditional interagency coordination and the narrow band of current external partners to include foundations, universities, research centers, and other groups who are extending their international reach.
Book Synopsis Science and Technology Policy in the United States by : Sylvia Kraemer
Download or read book Science and Technology Policy in the United States written by Sylvia Kraemer and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2006-06-20 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the latter half of the twentieth century, federal funding in the United States for scientific research and development increased dramatically. Yet despite the infusion of public funds into research centers, the relationship between public policy and research and development remains poorly understood. How does the federal government attempt to harness scientific knowledge and resources for the nation's economic welfare and competitiveness in the global marketplace? Who makes decisions about controversial scientific experiments, such as genetic engineering and space exploration? Who is held accountable when things go wrong? In this lucidly-written introduction to the topic, Sylvia Kraemer draws upon her extensive experience in government to develop a useful and powerful framework for thinking about the American approach to shaping and managing scientific innovation. Kraemer suggests that the history of science, technology, and politics is best understood as a negotiation of ongoing tensions between open and closed systems. Open systems depend on universal access to information that is complete, verifiable, and appropriately used. Closed systems, in contrast, are composed of unique and often proprietary features, which are designed to control usage. From the Constitution's patent clause to current debates over intellectual property, stem cells, and internet regulation, Kraemer shows the promise-as well as the limits-of open systems in advancing scientific progress as well as the nation's economic vitality.
Book Synopsis Madame Wu Chien-Shiung by : Caijian Jiang
Download or read book Madame Wu Chien-Shiung written by Caijian Jiang and published by World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated. This book was released on 2014 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Narrating the well-lived life of the “Chinese Madame Curie” — a recipient of the first Wolf Prize in Physics (1978), the first woman to receive an honorary doctorate from Princeton University, as well as the first female president of the American Physics Society — this book provides a comprehensive and honest account of the life of Dr Chien-Shiung Wu, an outstanding and leading experimental physicist of the 20th century.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309391253 Total Pages :327 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (93 download)
Book Synopsis Fostering Integrity in Research by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Fostering Integrity in Research written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-01-13 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The integrity of knowledge that emerges from research is based on individual and collective adherence to core values of objectivity, honesty, openness, fairness, accountability, and stewardship. Integrity in science means that the organizations in which research is conducted encourage those involved to exemplify these values in every step of the research process. Understanding the dynamics that support â€" or distort â€" practices that uphold the integrity of research by all participants ensures that the research enterprise advances knowledge. The 1992 report Responsible Science: Ensuring the Integrity of the Research Process evaluated issues related to scientific responsibility and the conduct of research. It provided a valuable service in describing and analyzing a very complicated set of issues, and has served as a crucial basis for thinking about research integrity for more than two decades. However, as experience has accumulated with various forms of research misconduct, detrimental research practices, and other forms of misconduct, as subsequent empirical research has revealed more about the nature of scientific misconduct, and because technological and social changes have altered the environment in which science is conducted, it is clear that the framework established more than two decades ago needs to be updated. Responsible Science served as a valuable benchmark to set the context for this most recent analysis and to help guide the committee's thought process. Fostering Integrity in Research identifies best practices in research and recommends practical options for discouraging and addressing research misconduct and detrimental research practices.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on HUD-Independent Agencies Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :860 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (42 download)
Book Synopsis Office of Science and Technology policy by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on HUD-Independent Agencies
Download or read book Office of Science and Technology policy written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on HUD-Independent Agencies and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 860 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Rising Above the Gathering Storm by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Rising Above the Gathering Storm written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-03-08 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a world where advanced knowledge is widespread and low-cost labor is readily available, U.S. advantages in the marketplace and in science and technology have begun to erode. A comprehensive and coordinated federal effort is urgently needed to bolster U.S. competitiveness and pre-eminence in these areas. This congressionally requested report by a pre-eminent committee makes four recommendations along with 20 implementation actions that federal policy-makers should take to create high-quality jobs and focus new science and technology efforts on meeting the nation's needs, especially in the area of clean, affordable energy: 1) Increase America's talent pool by vastly improving K-12 mathematics and science education; 2) Sustain and strengthen the nation's commitment to long-term basic research; 3) Develop, recruit, and retain top students, scientists, and engineers from both the U.S. and abroad; and 4) Ensure that the United States is the premier place in the world for innovation. Some actions will involve changing existing laws, while others will require financial support that would come from reallocating existing budgets or increasing them. Rising Above the Gathering Storm will be of great interest to federal and state government agencies, educators and schools, public decision makers, research sponsors, regulatory analysts, and scholars.
Author :Executive Office of the President of the United States Publisher : ISBN 13 :9781688664630 Total Pages :61 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (646 download)
Book Synopsis Science and Technology for America's Oceans: a Decadal Vision by : Executive Office of the President of the United States
Download or read book Science and Technology for America's Oceans: a Decadal Vision written by Executive Office of the President of the United States and published by . This book was released on 2018-11 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America's unrestricted access to the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, Gulf of Mexico, rivers, Great Lakes, and Arctic region powers domestic and global commerce. The ease of moving cargo and people beyond our coasts fuels the Nation's competitive advantage, advances trade, generates capital, and drives the domestic economy forward, in turn projecting strength abroad and safeguarding our national interests. Similarly, the biological diversity and productivity of the ocean sustains the health of coastal communities and promotes a vibrant national economy. The ocean also plays a fundamental role in the Earth system. Ensuring responsible ocean stewardship with science and technology (S&T) breakthroughs depends on a strategic Federal portfolio supported by foundational basic research. Science and Technology for America's Oceans: A Decadal Vision identifies pressing research needs and areas of opportunity within the ocean S&T enterprise for the decade 2018-2028.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of the Science of Science Communication by : Kathleen Hall Jamieson
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the Science of Science Communication written by Kathleen Hall Jamieson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On topics from genetic engineering and mad cow disease to vaccination and climate change, this Handbook draws on the insights of 57 leading science of science communication scholars who explore what social scientists know about how citizens come to understand and act on what is known by science.
Download or read book National Technology Strategy written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Committee on Technology National Science and Technology Council, Committee on Technology Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781540396518 Total Pages :58 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (965 download)
Book Synopsis Preparing for the Future of Artificial Intelligence by : Committee on Technology National Science and Technology Council, Committee on Technology
Download or read book Preparing for the Future of Artificial Intelligence written by Committee on Technology National Science and Technology Council, Committee on Technology and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-10-30 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology have opened up new markets and new opportunities for progress in critical areas such as health, education, energy, and the environment. In recent years, machines have surpassed humans in the performance of certain specific tasks, such as some aspects of image recognition. Experts forecast that rapid progress in the field of specialized artificial intelligence will continue. Although it is very unlikely that machines will exhibit broadly-applicable intelligence comparable to or exceeding that of humans in the next 20 years, it is to be expected that machines will reach and exceed human performance on more and more tasks. As a contribution toward preparing the United States for a future in which AI plays a growing role, this report surveys the current state of AI, its existing and potential applications, and the questions that are raised for society and public policy by progress in AI. The report also makes recommendations for specific further actions by Federal agencies and other actors.
Book Synopsis Federal Advisory Committees (FAC) by : Wendy R. Ginsberg
Download or read book Federal Advisory Committees (FAC) written by Wendy R. Ginsberg and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011-08 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FAC, which may also be designated as commissions, councils, or task forces ¿ are created as provisional advisory bodies that can circumvent bureaucratic constraints to collect a variety of viewpoints on specific policy issues. FAC have been created to address a host of issues, ranging from policies on organ donation to the design and implementation of the Dept. of Homeland Security. These FAC are often created to help the gov¿t. manage and solve complex or divisive issues. Contents of this report: (1) Intro.: History; The Dept. of Justice; Congress. Action; The Pres. and the Exec. Branch; Congress. Reaction; (2) The Fed. Advisory Committee Act (FACA); (3) Creating a FACA Committee; (4) Analysis. This is a print on demand report.
Book Synopsis Presidential Science Advisors by : Roger Pielke
Download or read book Presidential Science Advisors written by Roger Pielke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-16 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the past 50 years a select group of scientists has provided advice to the US President, mostly out of the public eye, on issues ranging from the deployment of weapons to the launching of rockets to the moon to the use of stem cells to cure disease. The role of the presidential science adviser came under increasing scrutiny during the administration of George W. Bush, which was highly criticized by many for its use (and some say, misuse) of science. This edited volume includes, for the first time, the reflections of the presidential science advisers from Donald Hornig who served under Lyndon B. Johnson, to John Marburger, the previous science advisor, on their roles within both government and the scientific community. It provides an intimate glimpse into the inner workings of the White House, as well as the political realities of providing advice on scientific matters to the presidential of the United States. The reflections of the advisers are supplemented with critical analysis of the role of the science adviser by several well-recognized science policy practitioners and experts. This volume will be of interest to science policy and presidential history scholars and students.
Book Synopsis Science and Technology Policy - Volume I by : Rigas Arvanitis
Download or read book Science and Technology Policy - Volume I written by Rigas Arvanitis and published by EOLSS Publications. This book was released on 2009-07-20 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science and Technology Policy theme is a component of Encyclopedia of Technology, Information, and Systems Management Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. Science and technology policy covers all the public sector measures designed for the creation, funding, support, and mobilization of scientific and technological resources. The content of the Theme on Science and technology policy provides the essential aspects and a myriad of issues of great relevance to our world such as: Science and Technology Policy; International Dimensions of Science and Technology Policy; The Innovation System; The Policy Making Process in Science and Technology; Regional Perspectives: A New Scenario for Science and Technology Policies in the Developed and Developing World . These two volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs
Download or read book Attacks on Science written by and published by Greenhaven Publishing LLC. This book was released on 2021-07-15 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent examples of attacks on science such as climate change denial demonstrate the danger of attacks on science. However, the negative impacts of these attacks must be weighed against other considerations, including the freedom of speech and religious expression, and the assertion that some criticism is healthy for the scientific field. The viewpoints in this volume consider the impacts of attacks on science, whether these attacks can be stopped, and how they can be prevented. Readers will evaluate the role of the internet in propagating and legitimizing these attacks.
Book Synopsis Theory and Practice in Policy Analysis by : M. Granger Morgan
Download or read book Theory and Practice in Policy Analysis written by M. Granger Morgan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-10-12 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many books instruct readers on how to use the tools of policy analysis. This book is different. Its primary focus is on helping readers to look critically at the strengths, limitations, and the underlying assumptions analysts make when they use standard tools or problem framings. Using examples, many of which involve issues in science and technology, the book exposes readers to some of the critical issues of taste, professional responsibility, ethics, and values that are associated with policy analysis and research. Topics covered include policy problems formulated in terms of utility maximization such as benefit-cost, decision, and multi-attribute analysis, issues in the valuation of intangibles, uncertainty in policy analysis, selected topics in risk analysis and communication, limitations and alternatives to the paradigm of utility maximization, issues in behavioral decision theory, issues related to organizations and multiple agents, and selected topics in policy advice and policy analysis for government.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Technology Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :280 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Oversight of the Office of Science and Technology Policy by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Technology
Download or read book Oversight of the Office of Science and Technology Policy written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Technology and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
