Oeuvres Completes Considerations Sur La Marche Des Idees Et Des Evenements Dans Les Temps Modernes

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Antoine-Augustin Cournot as a Sociologist

Author : Robert Leroux
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030046877
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Antoine-Augustin Cournot as a Sociologist by : Robert Leroux

Download or read book Antoine-Augustin Cournot as a Sociologist written by Robert Leroux and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-08 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thinking of Antoine-Augustin Cournot has inspired a growing literature in economy and epistemology, but as of yet, his sociological thought has not been explicitly discussed and contextualized within the discipline. From the 1850s to the end of the 1870s, Cournot contributed significantly to the history of French sociology, particularly in the development of one essential idea: that forms of knowledge are intimately linked to the progress of reason. Philosophy, therefore, becomes interested in the development of the sciences, evolving as they do from the process of rationalizing human societies. Cournot’s comparative-historical sociology, “rediscovered” especially by Gabriel Tarde in the 20th century, seeks to understand how a macro-sociological trend can depend on the aggregation of a host individual decisions and actions, or to discern a certain order out of apparent chaos.

French Studies in the Philosophy of Science

Author : Anastasios Brenner
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402093683
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis French Studies in the Philosophy of Science by : Anastasios Brenner

Download or read book French Studies in the Philosophy of Science written by Anastasios Brenner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-14 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Having examined previous volumes of the Boston Studies series devoted to different countries, and having discussed the best way to present contemporary research in France, we have arrived at a careful selection of 15 participants, including the organizers. Our aim is to bring together philosophers and practicing scientist from the major institutions of the country, both universities and research centers. The areas of research represented here cover a wide spectrum of sciences, from mathematics and physics to the life sciences, as well as linguistics and economics. This selection is a showcase of French philosophy of science, illustrating the different methods employed: logico-linguistic analysis, rational reconstruction and historical inquiry. These participants have the ability to relate their research both to the French tradition and current discussions on the international scene. Also included is a substantial historical introduction, explaining the development of philosophy of science in France, the various schools of thought and methods as well as the major concepts and their significance.

Luck

Author : Nicholas Rescher
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Pre
ISBN 13 : 0822972271
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (229 download)

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Book Synopsis Luck by : Nicholas Rescher

Download or read book Luck written by Nicholas Rescher and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2001-03-15 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Luck touches us all. "Why me?" we complain when things go wrong—though seldom when things go right. But although luck has a firm hold on all our lives, we seldom reflect on it in a cogent, concerted way. In Luck, one of our most eminent philosophers offers a realistic view of the nature and operation of luck to help us come to sensible terms with life in a chaotic world. Differentiating luck from fate (inexorable destiny) and fortune (mere chance), Nicholas Rescher weaves a colorful tapestry of historical examples, from the use of lots in the Old and New Testaments to Thomas Gataker’s treatise of 1619 on the great English lottery of 1612, from casino gambling to playing the stock market. Because we are creatures of limited knowledge who do and must make decisions in the light of incomplete information, Rescher argues, we are inevitably at the mercy of luck. It behooves us to learn more about it.

Taha Husain's Education

Author : Abdelrashid Mahmoudi
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136809686
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (368 download)

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Book Synopsis Taha Husain's Education by : Abdelrashid Mahmoudi

Download or read book Taha Husain's Education written by Abdelrashid Mahmoudi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-23 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taha Husein is rightly regarded as the father of modern Arabic literature and his work is widely used as introductory texts for students of the language. In this highly original book, Dr Mahmoudi describes Husein's cultural and intellectual journey through his education in Egypt and France. Husein's humanism and modernism can be traced from his time at the al Azhar through his time in the influential circle of Ahmad Lutfi al-Sayyid to his famous study mission to France, where he witnessed the twilight of positivism. Taha Husein's Education will add to our understanding of this great Egyptian author and the contexts that shaped and informed his thought.

History and Sociology in France

Author : Robert Leroux
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351595296
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis History and Sociology in France by : Robert Leroux

Download or read book History and Sociology in France written by Robert Leroux and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-08-31 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late 19th century and early part of the 20th, with the coming of age of sociology in France, the idea that there could be a “science” of history was the subject of much and varied debate. The methodological problems surrounding historical knowledge that were debated throughout this period concerned not only scientific history, but the social sciences as well, and sociology more specifically. Although sociology was from its origins in competition with the discipline of history, from the outset, it too was interested in history as a form of objective knowledge. Many of sociology's founders believed that by retracing historical processes, they could make a clean break with abstraction and metaphysics. For their part, historians generally remained hostile to any kind of systematization. And yet, at the end of the 19th century, the science of history would draw some valuable lessons from the emerging methodology of sociology. It was in large part under the impetus of the issues and problems raised by the philosopher Henri Berr and by the Durkheimian School, with the economist François Simiand as its lead protagonist, that the community of historians, increasingly aware of the limits of narrative history, turned so enthusiastically to social and economic history – just as Durkheim and his disciples consulted history in order to avoid the twin pitfalls of the philosophy of history and of introspective psychology. History and Sociology in France focuses on this dialogue of the two neighboring sciences.

Political Economy and Liberalism in France

Author : Robert Leroux
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136795146
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (367 download)

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Book Synopsis Political Economy and Liberalism in France by : Robert Leroux

Download or read book Political Economy and Liberalism in France written by Robert Leroux and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011-03-04 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the work of Frédéric Bastiat (1801-1850), one of the towering intellectual figures of nineteenth century France. More than anyone else of his time, Bastiat personified the struggle of liberalism and science against socialism and utopia. Between 1844 in 1850, his campaign for the idea of liberty and his commitment to the discipline of political economy made him one of the most vigorous champions of economic liberalism in France. Bastiat put forth one of the most ambitious interpretations of the liberalism of his time, one that entailed both a critique of primitive socialism and a concern to provide political economy with a theoretical foundation. His thinking is far more sophisticated than would appear at first glance. Nor can it be confined, as so many commentators would have us believe, to its strictly economic dimension. The themes that Bastiat addressed – free trade, competition, labour, among others – certainly helped to reduce it to this dimension. Yet he did not limit himself to these issues, even if he dealt with them at length. He also paid close attention to the political, moral, social and religious dimensions. Coming, as Bastiat’s writing did, at a decisive moment in the history of French liberalism, the very existence of his work explodes the long-standing received idea to the effect that liberalism, and in particular economic liberalism, is the exclusive domain of Anglo-Saxon countries. Bastiat’s work thus offers a solid rebuttal to Hayek, who proclaimed "the total absence of a liberal tradition in France." This book should be of interest to students and researchers of many strands of economics, as well as those looking at French liberalism and the history of social science more generally.

Figures of Chance I

Author : Anne Duprat
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1003828809
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Figures of Chance I by : Anne Duprat

Download or read book Figures of Chance I written by Anne Duprat and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-03-14 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Figures of Chance I: Chance in Literature and the Arts (16th–21st Centuries) proposes a transhistorical analysis that will serve as a reference work on the evolution of literary and artistic representations of chance and contingency. Alongside its multidisciplinary companion volume (Figures of Chance II), it considers how the projective and predictive capacity of societies is shaped by representations and cultural models of a reality that is understood, to varying degrees, to be contingent, unpredictable, or chaotic. Giving special emphasis to the French context while also developing broad cross-cultural comparisons, this volume examines the dialogue between evolving conceptions and changing representations of chance, from Renaissance figures of Fortune to the data-driven world of the present. Written by recognized specialists of each of the periods studied, it identifies and historicizes the main fictional and factual modes of portraying, narrating, and comprehending chance in the West.

Posthistoire

Author : Lutz Niethammer
Publisher : Verso
ISBN 13 : 9780860916970
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (169 download)

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Book Synopsis Posthistoire by : Lutz Niethammer

Download or read book Posthistoire written by Lutz Niethammer and published by Verso. This book was released on 1994-05-17 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whether its ultimate resting-place is deemed to be Fukuyama’s liberal democracy or Baudrillard’s hyperreality, history, according to a number of pundits, has reached the end of the line. In the inflated debates that have ensued, it is precisely history which has been ignored, for the conception of posthistoire is far from new. Here, Lutz Niethammer, Germany’s leading practitioner of ‘history from below’, explores in fascinating detail the forms the conception has taken in the twentieth century and assembles what amounts to an intellectual history of disillusion and resignation. In his survey of thinkers as diverse as Kojeve, Heidegger and Junger, he finds adherents to the idea of the end of history on the Right and Left. But whether they pinned all their hopes on the nation or the proletariat, in different ways they have all conflated the apparent collapse of a particular historical project with the collapse of history itself.

Luck Theory

Author : Nicholas Rescher
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030637808
Total Pages : 113 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Luck Theory by : Nicholas Rescher

Download or read book Luck Theory written by Nicholas Rescher and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-22 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an original—the first-ever treatment of the mathematics of Luck. Setting out from the principle that luck can be measured by the gap between reasonable expectation and eventual realization, the book develops step-by-step a mathematical theory that accommodates the entire range of our pre-systematic understanding of the way in which luck functions in human affairs. In so moving from explanatory exposition to mathematical treatment, the book provides a clear and accessible account of the way in which luck assessment enters into the calculations of rational decision theory.

Revolution in Science

Author : I. Bernard Cohen
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674767782
Total Pages : 742 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (677 download)

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Book Synopsis Revolution in Science by : I. Bernard Cohen

Download or read book Revolution in Science written by I. Bernard Cohen and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1985 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cohen's exploration seeks to uncover nothing less than the nature of all scientific revolutions, the stages by which they occur, their time scale, specific criteria for determining whether or not there has been a revolution, and the creative factors in producing a revolutionary new idea.

The Radical Use of Chance in 20th Century Art

Author : Denis Lejeune
Publisher : Rodopi
ISBN 13 : 9401207267
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis The Radical Use of Chance in 20th Century Art by : Denis Lejeune

Download or read book The Radical Use of Chance in 20th Century Art written by Denis Lejeune and published by Rodopi. This book was released on 2012-01 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To many, chance and art are antagonistic terms. But a number of 20th century artists have turned this notion on its head by attempting to create artworks based on randomness. Among those, three in particular articulated a well-argued and thorough theory of the radical use of chance in art: André Breton (writer), John Cage (composer) and François Morellet (visual artist). The implications of such a move away from established aesthetics are far-reaching, as much in conceptual as in practical terms, as this book hopes to make clear. Of paramount importance in this coincidentia oppositorum is the suggested possibility of a correlation between the artistic use of chance and a system of thought itself organised around chance. Indeed placing randomness at the centre of one’s art may have deeper philosophical consequences than just on the aesthetical level.

Discovering Life, Manufacturing Life

Author : Pierre V. Vignais
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9048137675
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)

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Book Synopsis Discovering Life, Manufacturing Life by : Pierre V. Vignais

Download or read book Discovering Life, Manufacturing Life written by Pierre V. Vignais and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-21 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Francis BACON, in his Novum Organum, Robert BOYLE, in his Skeptical Chemist and René DESCARTES, in his Discourse on Method; all of these men were witnesses to the th scientific revolution, which, in the 17 century, began to awaken the western world from a long sleep. In each of these works, the author emphasizes the role of the experimental method in exploring the laws of Nature, that is to say, the way in which an experiment is designed, implemented according to tried and tested te- niques, and used as a basis for drawing conclusions that are based only on results, with their margins of error, taking into account contemporary traditions and prejudices. Two centuries later, Claude BERNARD, in his Introduction to the Study of Experimental Medicine, made a passionate plea for the application of the experimental method when studying the functions of living beings. Twenty-first century Biology, which has been fertilized by highly sophisticated techniques inherited from Physics and Chemistry, blessed with a constantly increasing expertise in the manipulation of the genome, initiated into the mysteries of information techn- ogy, and enriched with the ever-growing fund of basic knowledge, at times appears to have forgotten its roots.

The Structure and Form of the French Enlightenment, Volume 1

Author : Ira O. Wade
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 140087162X
Total Pages : 716 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis The Structure and Form of the French Enlightenment, Volume 1 by : Ira O. Wade

Download or read book The Structure and Form of the French Enlightenment, Volume 1 written by Ira O. Wade and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-03-08 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author describes the influence on the Enlightenment of the intellectual currents that had been active in France, particularly the historical and humanistic esprit critique and the scientific esprit modern. In the first volume he traces the transformation they brought about in religion, ethics, aesthetics, science, politics, economics, and self-knowledge. His analysis of works by Voltaire, Diderot, and Rousseau—including the Encyclopedic—defines their organic unity and clarifies contradictions that appear to threaten the coherence, consistency, and logical continuity of the esprit philosophique. Originally published in 1977. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Living In Troubled Times: A New Political Era

Author : Thierry De Montbrial
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9813275898
Total Pages : 163 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (132 download)

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Book Synopsis Living In Troubled Times: A New Political Era by : Thierry De Montbrial

Download or read book Living In Troubled Times: A New Political Era written by Thierry De Montbrial and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2018-09-12 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many observers, today's world seems indecipherable. The Earth is in such jeopardy that some scientists speak of a new accelerated geological era. The resurgence of barbarism and terrorism in the name of religion is seen as a historical regression.At the same time, waves of technological innovations are constantly surging, particularly in the fields of energy and information — sources of economic, ecological and social transformations. These advances point to an accelerated evolution of the human being.Never has the present been subjected to such a tectonic shock between its future and its past, the consequences of which seem difficult to foresee and can sometimes be distressing.Between naïve belief in the unlimited benefits of technology and resignation to the cycle of calamities, there is room to build a global governance aiming at organising a geopolitical order to derive the best of the human experience. This book opens us to a better understanding of our times.

Cause, Knowledge and Responsability

Author : António Manuel Martins
Publisher : LIT Verlag Münster
ISBN 13 : 3643905971
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (439 download)

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Book Synopsis Cause, Knowledge and Responsability by : António Manuel Martins

Download or read book Cause, Knowledge and Responsability written by António Manuel Martins and published by LIT Verlag Münster. This book was released on 2015 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume discuss aspects of "Cause, Knowledge and Responsibility" from various theoretical points of view. The contributions provide input to intense discussions on these contested topics. The volume is based on results of the conference of the Institut International de Philosophie (IIP) in 9-13 September 2009, at the University of Coimbra.

The Development of Arabic Mathematics: Between Arithmetic and Algebra

Author : R. Rashed
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401732744
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Development of Arabic Mathematics: Between Arithmetic and Algebra by : R. Rashed

Download or read book The Development of Arabic Mathematics: Between Arithmetic and Algebra written by R. Rashed and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An understanding of developments in Arabic mathematics between the IXth and XVth century is vital to a full appreciation of the history of classical mathematics. This book draws together more than ten studies to highlight one of the major developments in Arabic mathematical thinking, provoked by the double fecondation between arithmetic and the algebra of al-Khwarizmi, which led to the foundation of diverse chapters of mathematics: polynomial algebra, combinatorial analysis, algebraic geometry, algebraic theory of numbers, diophantine analysis and numerical calculus. Thanks to epistemological analysis, and the discovery of hitherto unknown material, the author has brought these chapters into the light, proposes another periodization for classical mathematics, and questions current ideology in writing its history. Since the publication of the French version of these studies and of this book, its main results have been admitted by historians of Arabic mathematics, and integrated into their recent publications. This book is already a vital reference for anyone seeking to understand history of Arabic mathematics, and its contribution to Latin as well as to later mathematics. The English translation will be of particular value to historians and philosophers of mathematics and of science.

Augustin Cournot

Author : Jean-Philippe Touffut
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Augustin Cournot by : Jean-Philippe Touffut

Download or read book Augustin Cournot written by Jean-Philippe Touffut and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2007 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From his earliest publications, Cournot broke from tradition with his predecessors in applying mathematical modelling to the social sphere. Consequently, he was the first to affirm the mathematization of social phenomena as an essential principle. The fecundity of Cournot's works stems not only from this departure, but also from a richness that irrigated the social sciences of the twentieth century. In this collection, the contributors - including two Nobel laureates in economics - highlight Cournot's profound innovativeness and continued relevance in the areas of industrial economics, mathematical economics, market competition, game theory and epistemology of probability and statistics. Each of the seven authors reminds us of the force and modernity of Cournot's thought as a mathematician, historian of the sciences, philosopher and, not least, as an economist.