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Novel Approaches To The Synthesis Of Aromatic Compounds
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Book Synopsis Transition-Metal-Mediated Aromatic Ring Construction by : Ken Tanaka
Download or read book Transition-Metal-Mediated Aromatic Ring Construction written by Ken Tanaka and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-07-09 with total page 785 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: State-of-the-science methods, synthetic routes, and strategies to construct aromatic rings The development of new reactions for the synthesis of aromatic compounds is a highly active research area in organic synthesis, providing new functional organic materials, functional reagents, and biologically active compounds. Recently, significant advances in transition-metal-mediated reactions have enabled the efficient and practical construction of new aromatic rings with useful properties and applications. This book draws together and reviews all the latest discoveries and methods in transition-metal-mediated reactions, offering readers promising new routes to design and construct complex aromatic compounds. Integrating metal catalysis with aromatic compound synthesis, Transition-Metal-Mediated Aromatic Ring Construction offers a practical guide to the methods, synthetic routes, and strategies for constructing aromatic compounds. The book's five parts examine: [2+2+2], [2+2+1], and related cycloaddition reactions [4+2], [3+2], and related cycloaddition reactions Electrocyclization reactions Coupling and addition reactions Other important transformations, including methathesis reactions and skeletal rearrangement reactions Edited by Ken Tanaka, an internationally recognized expert in the field of transition-metal catalysis, the book features authors who are leading pioneers and researchers in synthetic reactions. Their contributions reflect a thorough review and analysis of the literature as well as their own firsthand laboratory experience developing new aromatic compounds. All chapters end with a summary and outlook, setting forth new avenues of research and forecasting new discoveries. There are also references at the end of each chapter, guiding readers to important original research reports and reviews. In summary, Transition-Metal-Mediated Aromatic Ring Construction offers synthetic chemists a promising new avenue for the development of important new aromatic compounds with a broad range of applications.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Strategies for Organic Synthesis by : Laurie S. Starkey
Download or read book Introduction to Strategies for Organic Synthesis written by Laurie S. Starkey and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-01-18 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The stepping-stone text for students with a preliminary knowledge of organic chemistry looking to move into organic synthesis research and graduate-level coursework Organic synthesis is an advanced but important field of organic chemistry, however resources for advanced undergraduates and graduate students moving from introductory organic chemistry courses to organic synthesis research are scarce. Introduction to Strategies for Organic Synthesis is designed to fill this void, teaching practical skills for making logical retrosynthetic disconnections, while reviewing basic organic transformations, reactions, and reactivities. Divided into seven parts that include sections on Retrosynthesis and Protective Groups; Overview of Organic Transformations; Synthesis of Monofunctional Target Molecules; Synthesis of Target Molecules with Two Functional Groups; Synthesis of Aromatic Target Molecules; Synthesis of Compounds Containing Rings; and Predicting and Controlling Stereochemistry, the book covers everything students need to successfully perform retrosynthetic analyses of target molecule synthesis. Starting with a review of functional group transformations, reagents, and reaction mechanisms, the book demonstrates how to plan a synthesis, explaining functional group analysis and strategic disconnections. Incorporating a review of the organic reactions covered, it also demonstrates each reaction from a synthetic chemist's point of view, to provide students with a clearer understanding of how retrosynthetic disconnections are made. Including detailed solutions to over 300 problems, worked-through examples and end-of-chapter comprehension problems, Introduction to Strategies for Organic Synthesis serves as a stepping stone for students with an introductory knowledge of organic chemistry looking to progress to more advanced synthetic concepts and methodologies.
Book Synopsis Iron and Cobalt Catalysts by : Wilson D. Shafer
Download or read book Iron and Cobalt Catalysts written by Wilson D. Shafer and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-06-23 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the turn of the last century when the field of catalysis was born, iron and cobalt have been key players in numerous catalysis processes. These metals, due to their ability to activate CO and CH, haev a major economic impact worldwide. Several industrial processes and synthetic routes use these metals: biomass-to-liquids (BTL), coal-to-liquids (CTL), natural gas-to-liquids (GTL), water-gas-shift, alcohol synthesis, alcohol steam reforming, polymerization processes, cross-coupling reactions, and photocatalyst activated reactions. A vast number of materials are produced from these processes, including oil, lubricants, waxes, diesel and jet fuels, hydrogen (e.g., fuel cell applications), gasoline, rubbers, plastics, alcohols, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, feed-stock chemicals, and other alternative materials. However, given the true complexities of the variables involved in these processes, many key mechanistic issues are still not fully defined or understood. This Special Issue of Catalysis will be a collaborative effort to combine current catalysis research on these metals from experimental and theoretical perspectives on both heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts. We welcome contributions from the catalysis community on catalyst characterization, kinetics, reaction mechanism, reactor development, theoretical modeling, and surface science.
Book Synopsis Novel Trends in Electroorganic Synthesis by : Sigeru Torii
Download or read book Novel Trends in Electroorganic Synthesis written by Sigeru Torii and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among the topics of interest to organic chemists today are the versatility and uniqueness of electrolysis procedures in organic synthesis, as well as the latest advances in methodology, including basic concepts for the design of electrolysis conditions and apparatus. The International Symposium on Electroorganic Synthesis met in Kurashiki, Japan, in September 1997 for lectures on all aspects of current research in the field. This volume comprising the papers from the symposium consists of two parts. Part I, Electrooxidation, includes papers on alcohols and phenols, olefins and aromatics, halogenation, polymers, and electrodes, among others. Included in Part II, Electroreduction, are papers on carbonyl compounds, halogen-containing compounds, reaction with EG bases, and metal complexes. The novel trends presented here will be of special interest to researchers and graduate students in electroorganic chemistry and are a valuable resource for all organic chemists.
Book Synopsis Beyond the Molecular Frontier by : National Research Council
Download or read book Beyond the Molecular Frontier written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-19 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemistry and chemical engineering have changed significantly in the last decade. They have broadened their scopeâ€"into biology, nanotechnology, materials science, computation, and advanced methods of process systems engineering and controlâ€"so much that the programs in most chemistry and chemical engineering departments now barely resemble the classical notion of chemistry. Beyond the Molecular Frontier brings together research, discovery, and invention across the entire spectrum of the chemical sciencesâ€"from fundamental, molecular-level chemistry to large-scale chemical processing technology. This reflects the way the field has evolved, the synergy at universities between research and education in chemistry and chemical engineering, and the way chemists and chemical engineers work together in industry. The astonishing developments in science and engineering during the 20th century have made it possible to dream of new goals that might previously have been considered unthinkable. This book identifies the key opportunities and challenges for the chemical sciences, from basic research to societal needs and from terrorism defense to environmental protection, and it looks at the ways in which chemists and chemical engineers can work together to contribute to an improved future.
Book Synopsis Fundamental Aliphatic Chemistry by : P. W. G. Smith
Download or read book Fundamental Aliphatic Chemistry written by P. W. G. Smith and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-04-24 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic Chemistry for General Degree Students is written to meet the requirements of the London General Internal examination and degree examinations of a similar standing. It will also provide for the needs of students taking the Part 1 examination for Graduate Membership of the Royal Institute of Chemistry, or the Higher National Certificate, whilst the treatment is such that Ordinary National Certificate courses can be based on the first two volumes Within the limits broadly defined by the syllabus, the aim of this first volume is to provide a concise summary of the important general methods of preparation and properties of the main classes of aliphatic compounds. Due attention is paid to practical considerations with particular reference to important industrial processes. At the same time, the fundamental theoretical principles of organic chemistry are illustrated by the discussion of a selection of the more important reaction mechanisms. Questions and problems are included, designed to test the student's appreciation of the subject and his ability to apply the principles embodied therein. A selection of questions set in the relevant examinations is also included.
Book Synopsis Organic Chemistry by : Penny Chaloner
Download or read book Organic Chemistry written by Penny Chaloner and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-12-15 with total page 1272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering a different, more engaging approach to teaching and learning, Organic Chemistry: A Mechanistic Approach classifies organic chemistry according to mechanism rather than by functional group. The book elicits an understanding of the material, by means of problem solving, instead of purely requiring memorization. The text enables a deep unders
Download or read book Organic Synthesis written by Paul Wyatt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-20 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic Synthesis: Strategy and Control is the long-awaited sequel to Stuart Warren's bestseller Organic Synthesis: The Disconnection Approach, which looked at the planning behind the synthesis of compounds. This unique book now provides a comprehensive, practical account of the key concepts involved in synthesising compounds and focuses on putting the planning into practice. The two themes of the book are strategy and control: solving problems either by finding an alternative strategy or by controlling any established strategy to make it work. The book is divided into five sections that deal with selectivity, carbon-carbon single bonds, carbon-carbon double bonds, stereochemistry and functional group strategy. * A comprehensive, practical account of the key concepts involved in synthesising compounds * Takes a mechanistic approach, which explains reactions and gives guidelines on how reactions might behave in different situations * Focuses on reactions that really work rather than those with limited application * Contains extensive, up-to-date references in each chapter Students and professional chemists familiar with Organic Synthesis: The Disconnection Approach will enjoy the leap into a book designed for chemists at the coalface of organic synthesis.
Download or read book Research Awards Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modern Reduction Methods by : Pher G. Andersson
Download or read book Modern Reduction Methods written by Pher G. Andersson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-09-08 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With its comprehensive overview of modern reduction methods, this book features high quality contributions allowing readers to find reliable solutions quickly and easily. The monograph treats the reduction of carbonyles, alkenes, imines and alkynes, as well as reductive aminations and cross and heck couplings, before finishing off with sections on kinetic resolutions and hydrogenolysis. An indispensable lab companion for every chemist.
Book Synopsis The Nitro Group in Organic Synthesis by : Noboru Ono
Download or read book The Nitro Group in Organic Synthesis written by Noboru Ono and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-05-08 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most useful reactions of organonitro compounds in organic synthesis Compounds containing nitro groups are useful intermediates for the synthesis of natural products and other complex organic molecules. The Nitro Group in Organic Synthesis focuses on reactions that proceed under mild conditions, important functional groups that can be synthesized by conversion of nitro groups, and the stereoselectivity of reactions of nitro compounds. These issues are of great importance to practicing researchers in today's pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and fine chemical industries. The Nitro Group in Organic Synthesis also emphasizes environmentally-friendly methods for nitration, the importance of aliphatic nitro compounds, and modern preparation of nitro compounds. Other topics discussed include: * Henry reaction * Asymmetric Michael addition * Alkylation, acylation, halogenation, and related reactions of RNO2 * Substitution and elimination of NO2 and RNO2 The Nitro Group in Organic Synthesis is a useful resource for researchers and students in organic and medicinal chemistry.
Book Synopsis General and Synthetic Methods by : G Pattenden
Download or read book General and Synthetic Methods written by G Pattenden and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage of progress in the major areas of chemical research. Written by experts in their specialist fields the series creates a unique service for the active research chemist, supplying regular critical in-depth accounts of progress in particular areas of chemistry. For over 80 years the Royal Society of Chemistry and its predecessor, the Chemical Society, have been publishing reports charting developments in chemistry, which originally took the form of Annual Reports. However, by 1967 the whole spectrum of chemistry could no longer be contained within one volume and the series Specialist Periodical Reports was born. The Annual Reports themselves still existed but were divided into two, and subsequently three, volumes covering Inorganic, Organic and Physical Chemistry. For more general coverage of the highlights in chemistry they remain a 'must'. Since that time the SPR series has altered according to the fluctuating degree of activity in various fields of chemistry. Some titles have remained unchanged, while others have altered their emphasis along with their titles; some have been combined under a new name whereas others have had to be discontinued. The current list of Specialist Periodical Reports can be seen on the inside flap of this volume.
Book Synopsis Organic Synthesis by : C. K. Charles
Download or read book Organic Synthesis written by C. K. Charles and published by Alpha Science International, Limited. This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic synthesis forms the most important integral part of Organic Chemistry. This requires a knowledge of all carbob-carbon bonding reactions, functional group modifications, mechanisms of reactions, the stereochemistry of the reactions, protection and de-protection during organic synthesis etc. Synthesis of an organic compound often a natural product, biologically active had been considered as best supporting evidence for their structure and stereochemistry. It is possible to synthesise compounds resembling natural products and to study their biological activity. With the help of the above the structuren activity relationship can be deduced. Along with Bioinformatics the mechanism and the site of reaction of a drug can be evaluated. This can further help the synthetic organic chemist to synthesise more potent drugs for many diseases.
Download or read book Organic Synthesis written by W A Smit and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The view of organic synthesis as "a concentrated expression of predictive ability and creative capacity" was advocated in the early 1950s. A concise and readable account of the role of synthesis in modern science, Organic Synthesis: The Science Behind the Art presents the general ideology of pursuits in the area of organic synthesis, and examines the methodologies that have evolved in the search for solutions to synthetic problems. This unique book details outstanding achievements of modern organic synthesis, not only for their scientific merits, but also for the aesthetic appeal of the target molecules chosen and the intrinsic beauty of the solutions to the problems posed. By judicious selection of data covering the main areas of synthetic explorations, this book serves to illustrate both the evolution of well-known approaches as well as recently emerged trends most likely to determine the future development of organic synthesis. Special attention is given to the consideration of principles of molecular design in promising and challenging areas of current research. Primarily aimed at advanced undergraduate and graduate students, Organic Synthesis: The Science Behind the Art will also be of interest to teachers, researchers and anyone requiring an introduction to the problems of organic synthesis.
Book Synopsis Organic Chemistry by : Robert J. Ouellette
Download or read book Organic Chemistry written by Robert J. Ouellette and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-02-03 with total page 1058 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic Chemistry: Structure, Mechanism, Synthesis, Second Edition, provides basic principles of this fascinating and challenging science, which lies at the interface of physical and biological sciences. Offering accessible language and engaging examples and illustrations, this valuable introduction for the in-depth chemistry course engages students and gives future and new scientists a new approach to understanding, rather than merely memorizing the key concepts underpinning this fundamental area. The book builds in a logical way from chemical bonding to resulting molecular structures, to the corresponding physical, chemical and biological properties of those molecules. The book explores how molecular structure determines reaction mechanisms, from the smallest to the largest molecules—which in turn determine strategies for organic synthesis. The book then describes the synthetic principles which extend to every aspect of synthesis, from drug design to the methods cells employ to synthesize the molecules of which they are made. These relationships form a continuous narrative throughout the book, in which principles logically evolve from one to the next, from the simplest to the most complex examples, with abundant connections between the theory and applications. Featuring in-book solutions and instructor PowerPoint slides, this Second Edition offers an updated and improved option for students in the two-semester course and for scientists who require a high quality introduction or refresher in the subject. - Offers improvements for the two-semester course sequence and valuable updates including two new chapters on lipids and nucleic acids - Features biochemistry and biological examples highlighted throughout the book, making the information relevant and engaging to readers of all backgrounds and interests - Includes a valuable and highly-praised chapter on organometallic chemistry not found in other standard references
Book Synopsis Applications of Nanomaterials: A Novel Approach for Pollution Abatement in Industries by : Prof. Dr. Nirmal Kumar, J.I.
Download or read book Applications of Nanomaterials: A Novel Approach for Pollution Abatement in Industries written by Prof. Dr. Nirmal Kumar, J.I. and published by Google Play Books. This book was released on with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book “Applications of Nanomaterials: A Novel Approach for Pollution Abatement in Industries” highlights an in-depth research about applications of nanotechnology for dye decolouration and abatement of pollutants from industrial effluents and agriculture. The authors have emphasized the significance of synthesis of metallic nanoparticles and their applications in dye decolouration, biocidal activity, and pollution abatement. Wastewaters are producing gradually with rapid development in different type of industries such as textile, leather, pulp, and paper, printing, photographs, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, commerce, hospitals, and health-care services. The industry use water as a principal medium for removing impurities, applying dyes, and finishing agents. Therefore, the main concern is the discharge of wastewater. Significant quantities of toxic and hazardous chemicals are being generated as an industrial waste. At present, there are thousands types of toxic chemicals commercially generated. Their virulence, firmness to natural disintegration and prolong accumulation in the environment are the cause of much concern to societies and regulatory authorities around the world. There are numerous methods for abatement of organic and inorganic compounds from the wastewater such as filtration, electrolysis, precipitation, ion exchange, coagulation, and adsorption processes. Most of these methods require high capital and recurring expenditure and consequently they are not suitable for small-scale industries. Besides, all the above-mentioned methods, photocatalysis is a highly effective and cheap process than the other methods. The search for novel technologies for the remediation and reduction of pollutants has attracted attention to adsorption phenomenon. The adsorption process involves a solid phase (biosorbent) and a liquid phase (solvent, normally water) containing dissolved species to be sorbed (sorbate, metal ions). As sorbent possess higher affinity for the sorbate species, the latter is attracted and attaches thereby different mechanisms. Metallic oxide nanoparticles are crystalline solids consisting of a metal cation and an oxide anion. Metals with high oxidation state forms oxides. Ionic metal oxides react with water to produce hydroxides. Transition metal oxides are compounds composed of oxygen atoms bound to transition metals. These are mainly used for their enhanced catalytic activity and semiconductor properties. Due to presence of superior physical and chemical properties, metal oxide nanoparticles express potential environmental remediation applications. When compared to bulk materials, they display novel properties that lead to the development of electronic and optoelectronic nano-devices with superior performance. It is well known that size and morphology are very important parameters in nanostructures. But there is limited information about the use of different nanoparticles as a photocatalytical removal of different pollutants from wastewater and in agriculture soils. Among the oxide nanoparticles, Titanium dioxide and zinc oxide and Iron oxide are the main compounds used in environment remediation study. Titanium Dioxide (TiO2), Zinc Oxide (ZnO) and Iron Oxide (FeO) nanoparticles are unique materials with band gap 3.2 eV, 3.37 eV, and 3.06 eV, correspondingly & wavelength of all three particles is above 400 nm. This means that UV light irradiation with a wavelength lower than 400 nm begins a photoreaction. The characteristic of TiO2, ZnO, FeO is the more powerful oxidative power of the VB holes than the reducibility of photo-induced electrons. Morphology, crystal structure, and elemental composition as characterization are important to understand nanoparticles based study. Widespread techniques used for morphological analysis are Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM); Particle Size Analysis (PSA), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), etc. Chemical-based Techniques used are X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis Spectroscopy), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX). In the present era, thousands of dyes and pigments are produced in industries. A significant increase in the use of synthetic complex organic dyes as coloring material by textile industry has been presented. Comprehensively, synthetic dyestuffs are used in paper, textiles, printing industries, and dye houses. Estimation for the loss of color in waste stream during the manufacturing or processing operations of textile dyes indicates approximately 10 to 20% loss. Textile wastewater poses carcinogenic and genotoxic properties and affects the immune system and reproductive system. It is reported that most of the dyes and poisonous metals used in the color industries are stable to light and are non-biodegradable. In order to reduce the risk of environmental pollution from such waste, it is mandatory to treat them before discharging into the environment. Nanophotocatalyst can decompose most organic or inorganic substances in air or water by photocatalytic oxidation and reduce harmful inorganic substances in water. Current use of nanomaterials has been expanded in every fields of science including agriculture. Plants are very crucial to human and their surroundings but very few studies have been performed to assess the potentiality of nanoparticles in agriculture crops. It has been reported that use of micronutrient fertilizers in the form of NPs is a crucial way to release desired nutrients gradually and in a controlled way, which is fundamental to diminish the problems of fertilizer pollutions. It is because of that when materials are transformed to a nanoscale, which they revolutionize, their physical, chemical, and biological properties as well as catalytic properties and even more increase the chemical and biological activities. It is demonstrated that micronutrients in the form of NPs can be used in crop production to increase yield. Study on the effect of nanoparticles on the germination, growth and yield of crops is the need of an hour. Despite their great potential, the use of nanoparticles suffers certain restrictions under industrial process conditions like loss of nanoparticles, difficulty in separation and reuse of nanoparticles. To circumvent these limitations, several strategies for immobilization of nanocatalysts in polymer have been suggested. Nanoparticles immobilization appears to be an attractive approach to develop efficient catalyst with improved performances such as enhanced resistance to thermal and chemical inactivation, remarkable storage and operational stabilities, short response time and high reproducibility and reuse. Recently various immobilization materials like Ca-alginate beads, Chitosan, Polyvinyl Alcohol, Nanoporous Silica Gel, Polyacrylamide have been used for immobilization by researchers. Entrapment in Calcium alginate beads is of particular interest because of very mild and simple preparation conditions, non-toxicity, low cost and best performance. Indeed, Alginate is a natural anionic polysaccharide comprised of repetitive units of α-L-guluronic acid and β-D-mannuronic acid residues. Alginate chains are usually prepared by cross-linking of Guluronic acid with Mannuronic acid residues in the presence of divalent cations like Ca2+, Ba2+, Co2+. Therefore, in the present study an effort has been made on comparative investigations on synthesis, characterization of metallic nanoparticles and their applications in dye decolouration, biocidal activity, and abatement of pollutants from industrial effluents and agriculture. The present book would certainly be helpful to graduates, researchers, industrialists, practitioners and managers to use it as benchmark, concrete and conclusive remarks for dye decoloration as well as nutrients remediation of natural and anthropogenic industrial effluents using synthesized metallic nanoparticles at lab and industrial scales at regional, national and global scales.
Book Synopsis Biomimetic Organic Synthesis by : Erwan Poupon
Download or read book Biomimetic Organic Synthesis written by Erwan Poupon and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-05-09 with total page 1024 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this exciting 2 volume set, the approach and methodology of bio-inspired synthesis of complex natural products is laid out, backed by abundant practical examples from the authors' own work as well as from the published literature. Volume 1 describes the biomimetic synthesis of alkaloids. Volume 2 covers terpenes, polyketides, and polyphenols. A discussion of the current challenges and frontiers in biomimetic synthesis concludes this comprehensive handbook. Key features: Biomimetic Strategies have become an every-day tool not only for chemists but also for biologists. The synthetic applications are overwhelming, making this comprehensive 2 volume work a must-have for everyone working in the field. Unifying both synthetic and biosynthetic aspects, this book covers everything from organocatalysis and natural product synthesis to synthetic biology and even green chemistry.
