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Nitrogen Deposition Alters Nitrogen Cycling And Exotic Annual Grass Litter Decomposition In Southern California
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Book Synopsis Nitrogen Deposition Alters Nitrogen Cycling and Exotic Annual Grass Litter Decomposition in Southern California by : Abby Glenn Sirulnik
Download or read book Nitrogen Deposition Alters Nitrogen Cycling and Exotic Annual Grass Litter Decomposition in Southern California written by Abby Glenn Sirulnik and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nitrogen Deposition and Its Effects on the Soils, Vegetation, and Fire Risk in Southern California Deserts by : Leela Ellen Rao
Download or read book Nitrogen Deposition and Its Effects on the Soils, Vegetation, and Fire Risk in Southern California Deserts written by Leela Ellen Rao and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nitrogen Cycling in a Changing World by :
Download or read book Nitrogen Cycling in a Changing World written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cycling of nutrients, such as nitrogen (N), is arguably one of the most critical ecosystem services provided by soil. Nitrogen is the limiting nutrient for plant growth in many terrestrial ecosystems and can consequently regulate net primary production, plant diversity, and community composition. Transformations of available N, which are catalyzed by soil microorganisms, can also affect air and water quality, with possible implications for climate change and human health. In an era of global environmental change, it is paramount to gain a mechanistic understanding of how soil N is affected by anthropogenically derived perturbations such as exotic plant invasion and elevated nutrient deposition. Using a multifactor global change experiment, I assessed how three principal global change factors - exotic plant invasion, N deposition (simulated by N fertilization), and aboveground vegetation removal (to simulate cattle grazing or mowing) - affected soil N cycling, namely NH4 and NO3− availability and potential rates of nitrification and denitrification, in a California grassland. In order to increase understanding of how soil microbial communities regulate changes in N cycling, I concurrently measured broad-scale community structure of bacteria and archaea and the abundances of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea. I found that two invasive plants, Aegilops triuncialis and Elymus caput-medusae reduced soil N availability and nitrification and denitrification potentials compared to perennial-dominated native communities but not naturalized exotic communities. Aboveground vegetation removal, which is often used as a tool to manage invasive plant populations (through cattle grazing or mowing), tended to exacerbate the effects of invasion by further reducing nitrification potential and soil NO3− availability. Fertilization with NH4 NO3 consistently increased nitrification potential and soil NO3− availability, yet NH4 remained unaffected and denitrification potential was reduced. When combined, defoliation and N fertilization always produced additive effects. Finally, despite the sometimes dramatic shifts in N availability and potential rates that were observed, microbial community composition remained unaffected by changes in plant composition, N fertilization and defoliation. Overall, these findings provide evidence that N cycling is uniquely affected by each individual global change factor, and that the interactive effects of N fertilization and defoliation can be predicted based on combining single factor studies. These results also suggest that microbial communities composition is insensitive to global change in this system, and that microbial activity - as measured by rates of N cycling - is decoupled from community composition.
Book Synopsis Ecosystems of California by : Harold Mooney
Download or read book Ecosystems of California written by Harold Mooney and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2016-01-19 with total page 1008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This long-anticipated reference and sourcebook for CaliforniaÕs remarkable ecological abundance provides an integrated assessment of each major ecosystem typeÑits distribution, structure, function, and management. A comprehensive synthesis of our knowledge about this biologically diverse state, Ecosystems of California covers the state from oceans to mountaintops using multiple lenses: past and present, flora and fauna, aquatic and terrestrial, natural and managed. Each chapter evaluates natural processes for a specific ecosystem, describes drivers of change, and discusses how that ecosystem may be altered in the future. This book also explores the drivers of CaliforniaÕs ecological patterns and the history of the stateÕs various ecosystems, outlining how the challenges of climate change and invasive species and opportunities for regulation and stewardship could potentially affect the stateÕs ecosystems. The text explicitly incorporates both human impacts and conservation and restoration efforts and shows how ecosystems support human well-being. Edited by two esteemed ecosystem ecologists and with overviews by leading experts on each ecosystem, this definitive work will be indispensable for natural resource management and conservation professionals as well as for undergraduate or graduate students of CaliforniaÕs environment and curious naturalists.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ecological Society of America ... Annual Meeting Abstracts by : Ecological Society of America. Meeting
Download or read book Ecological Society of America ... Annual Meeting Abstracts written by Ecological Society of America. Meeting and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Methods of Soil Enzymology by : Richard P. Dick
Download or read book Methods of Soil Enzymology written by Richard P. Dick and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-01-22 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methods of Soil Enzymology provides the first comprehensive set of vetted methods for studying enzymes in soils. Readers will especially benefit from the step-by-step explanation of the lab procedures, as well as background information for using these methods effectively and analyzing data. Main topics include activity assays, enzyme extraction, and synthetic enzyme complexes. Each method covered includes background informaton, step-by-step descriptions of the procedure, and special comments regarding nuances, pitfalls, and interpretation of the method. Learn the latest research methods, including enzyme extraction methods and procedures for creating synthetic enzyme complexes, as well as the newest ways to use small-scale and high-throughput methods for enzyme activity assays. Written for the researcher, but welcoming to those new to soil enzymology, the introduction includes conceptual information to orient those who are not familiar with these methods but want to use them. In the tradition of SSSA methods books, Methods of Soil Enzymology features a comprehensive approach with a focus on ease of use.
Book Synopsis Decomposition in Terrestrial Ecosystems by : Michael John Swift
Download or read book Decomposition in Terrestrial Ecosystems written by Michael John Swift and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1979-01-01 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nutrient Cycling in Terrestrial Ecosystems by : Petra Marschner
Download or read book Nutrient Cycling in Terrestrial Ecosystems written by Petra Marschner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-01 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive overview of nutrient cycling processes and their importance for plant growth and ecosystem sustainability. The book combines fundamental scientific studies and devised practical approaches. It contains contributions of leading international authorities from various disciplines resulting in multidisciplinary approaches, and all chapters have been carefully reviewed. This volume will support scientists and practitioners alike.
Book Synopsis Forest and Rangeland Soils of the United States Under Changing Conditions by : Richard V. Pouyat
Download or read book Forest and Rangeland Soils of the United States Under Changing Conditions written by Richard V. Pouyat and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-02 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book synthesizes leading-edge science and management information about forest and rangeland soils of the United States. It offers ways to better understand changing conditions and their impacts on soils, and explores directions that positively affect the future of forest and rangeland soil health. This book outlines soil processes and identifies the research needed to manage forest and rangeland soils in the United States. Chapters give an overview of the state of forest and rangeland soils research in the Nation, including multi-decadal programs (chapter 1), then summarizes various human-caused and natural impacts and their effects on soil carbon, hydrology, biogeochemistry, and biological diversity (chapters 2–5). Other chapters look at the effects of changing conditions on forest soils in wetland and urban settings (chapters 6–7). Impacts include: climate change, severe wildfires, invasive species, pests and diseases, pollution, and land use change. Chapter 8 considers approaches to maintaining or regaining forest and rangeland soil health in the face of these varied impacts. Mapping, monitoring, and data sharing are discussed in chapter 9 as ways to leverage scientific and human resources to address soil health at scales from the landscape to the individual parcel (monitoring networks, data sharing Web sites, and educational soils-centered programs are tabulated in appendix B). Chapter 10 highlights opportunities for deepening our understanding of soils and for sustaining long-term ecosystem health and appendix C summarizes research needs. Nine regional summaries (appendix A) offer a more detailed look at forest and rangeland soils in the United States and its Affiliates.
Book Synopsis Litter Decomposition: a Guide to Carbon and Nutrient Turnover by :
Download or read book Litter Decomposition: a Guide to Carbon and Nutrient Turnover written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2005-11-22 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Litter Decomposition describes one of the most important processes in the biosphere - the decay of organic matter. It focuses on the decomposition process of foliar litter in the terrestrial systems of boreal and temperate forests due to the greater amount of data from those biomes. The availability of several long-term studies from these forest types allows a more in-depth approach to the later stages of decomposition and humus formation. Differences between the decay of woody matter and foliar litter is discussed in detail and a different pattern for decomposition is introduced. While teachers and students in more general subjects will find the most basic information on decomposition processes in this book, scientists and graduate students working on decomposition processes will be entirely satisfied with the more detailed information and the overview of the latest publications on the topic as well as the methodological chapter where practical information on methods useful in decomposition studies can be found. Abundant data sets will serve as an excellent aid in teaching process and will be also of interest to researchers specializing in this field as no thorough database exists at the moment. Provides over 60 tables and 90 figures Offers a conceptual 3-step model describing the different steps of the decomposition process, demonstrating changes in the organic-chemical structure and nutrient contents Includes a synthesis of the current state of knowledge on foliar litter decomposition in natural systems Integrates more traditional knowledge on organic matter decomposition with current problems of environmental pollution, global change, etc. Details contemporary knowledge on organic matter decomposition
Book Synopsis Aboveground-Belowground Linkages by : Richard D. Bardgett
Download or read book Aboveground-Belowground Linkages written by Richard D. Bardgett and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-07-29 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aboveground-Belowground Linkages provides the most up-to-date and comprehensive synthesis of recent advances in our understanding of the roles that interactions between aboveground and belowground communities play in regulating the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems, and their responses to global change. It charts the historical development of this field of ecology and evaluates what can be learned from the recent proliferation of studies on the ecological and biogeochemical significance of aboveground-belowground linkages. The book is structured around four key topics: biotic interactions in the soil; plant community effects; the role of aboveground consumers; and the influence of species gains and losses. A concluding chapter draws together this information and identifies a number of cross-cutting themes, including consideration of aboveground-belowground feedbacks that occur at different spatial and temporal scales, the consequences of these feedbacks for ecosystem processes, and how aboveground-belowground interactions link to human-induced global change.
Book Synopsis Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States by : Therese M. Poland
Download or read book Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States written by Therese M. Poland and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book describes the serious threat of invasive species to native ecosystems. Invasive species have caused and will continue to cause enormous ecological and economic damage with ever increasing world trade. This multi-disciplinary book, written by over 100 national experts, presents the latest research on a wide range of natural science and social science fields that explore the ecology, impacts, and practical tools for management of invasive species. It covers species of all taxonomic groups from insects and pathogens, to plants, vertebrates, and aquatic organisms that impact a diversity of habitats in forests, rangelands and grasslands of the United States. It is well-illustrated, provides summaries of the most important invasive species and issues impacting all regions of the country, and includes a comprehensive primary reference list for each topic. This scientific synthesis provides the cultural, economic, scientific and social context for addressing environmental challenges posed by invasive species and will be a valuable resource for scholars, policy makers, natural resource managers and practitioners.
Book Synopsis Methods to Study Litter Decomposition by : Manuel A.S. Graça
Download or read book Methods to Study Litter Decomposition written by Manuel A.S. Graça and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-04-05 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary objective of this book is to provide students and laboratory instructors at universities and professional ecologists with a broad range of established methods to study plant litter decomposition. Detailed protocols for direct use in the field or laboratory are presented in an easy to follow step-by-step format. A short introduction to each protocol reviews the ecological significance and principles of the technique and points to key references.
Book Synopsis Mycorrhizal Symbiosis by : Sally E. Smith
Download or read book Mycorrhizal Symbiosis written by Sally E. Smith and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-07-26 with total page 815 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The roots of most plants are colonized by symbiotic fungi to form mycorrhiza, which play a critical role in the capture of nutrients from the soil and therefore in plant nutrition. Mycorrhizal Symbiosis is recognized as the definitive work in this area. Since the last edition was published there have been major advances in the field, particularly in the area of molecular biology, and the new edition has been fully revised and updated to incorporate these exciting new developments. Over 50% new material Includes expanded color plate section Covers all aspects of mycorrhiza Presents new taxonomy Discusses the impact of proteomics and genomics on research in this area
Download or read book Heathlands written by R. Aerts and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increased atmospheric nitrogen deposition and changes in the management of heathlands have caused a significant change in the species composition of the NW-European heathlands. This change from ericaceous towards gramineous dominance is analysed in detail in Heathlands: Patterns and Processes in a Changing Environment. Special emphasis is put on the effects of increased atmospheric nutrient input on nutrient cycling, competition between plant species and plant--herbivore interactions. The possibilities for the long-term conservation of heathlands are discussed by considering regeneration from seed and the usefulness of mathematical management models. The book provides a synthesis of pure and applied plant ecology. It is vital reading for plant ecologists, biological conservationists, heathland managers and government decision makers.
Book Synopsis Soil Fauna Assemblages by : Uffe N. Nielsen
Download or read book Soil Fauna Assemblages written by Uffe N. Nielsen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-28 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A holistic overview of soil fauna, their contributions to ecosystem function, and implications of global change belowground.
