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Nitrification Inhibitor Nitrogen Source And Herbicide Effects On Soil Bitrogen Transformations And Corn Yield
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Book Synopsis Nitrification Inhibitor, Nitrogen Source, and Herbicide Effects on Soil Bitrogen Transformations and Corn Yield by : William Neels
Download or read book Nitrification Inhibitor, Nitrogen Source, and Herbicide Effects on Soil Bitrogen Transformations and Corn Yield written by William Neels and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen is the most limiting nutrient for crop production; however, its management has been challenging due to increasing nitrogen losses. Increased N losses have led researchers to focus on strategies for improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE). In this study, we took an integrated approach to compare the effects of N source, nitrification inhibitor and herbicide on nitrification, N loss, crop yield, residual N, and NUE. We first evaluated these factors in a twoyear field experiment. A laboratory soil incubation experiment followed. The treatments included a combination of nitrification inhibitor vs. no inhibitor, two nitrogen fertilizer sources (broadcast urea vs. injected aqueous ammonia), and a pre-emergence herbicide vs. no herbicide. Results indicated that nitrogen source has a more significant effect on NH4 + -N retention (78-80% higher in anhydrous ammonia vs. urea) than nitrification inhibitor (24-47% higher with inhibitor vs. without inhibitor) and herbicides. Similarly, nitrogen source significantly affected NO3 - -N formation (134-176% lower in anhydrous ammonia vs. urea) than nitrification inhibitor (8-31% lower with inhibitor vs. without inhibitor) and herbicides. We then evaluated the effect of nitrification inhibitor, nitrogen fertilizer source, and herbicide on (1) soil nitrification through a 25 day-soil incubation and (2) NH3 volatilization, NO3 - -N leaching, and N2O emissions through a 31-day soil column study using a loamy sand soil. Results indicated that nitrogen source had a greater effect on reducing nitrification (32.5% lower with injected aqueous ammonia vs. surface broadcast urea) compared to nitrification inhibitors (4% lower with inhibitor vs. without inhibitor) and herbicide (no effect). Surface broadest urea increased NH3 volatilization by 673% compared to injected aqueous ammonia. Injected aqueous ammonia had 22% higher NO3 - -N leaching and 33 % higher NH4 + -N leaching than urea, while nitrification inhibitor had an inconsistent effect on NO3 - -N leaching across both N sources. The results of both experiments indicated that nitrogen source plays a more significant role in regulating soil nitrogen losses than nitrification inhibitors and herbicide..
Book Synopsis Nitrogen Use and Behavior in Crop Production by : L. Fred Welch
Download or read book Nitrogen Use and Behavior in Crop Production written by L. Fred Welch and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most plants absorbmore nitrogen than any other nutrient. Because the amount needed is so large and easily be lost from many soils, nitrogen is usually the most limiting nutrient for plant growth. Although about 79 percent of the atmosphere is nitrogen, only nitrogen-fixingplants such as legumeswith their associated bacteria are able to use this abundant source. The nonleguminous grain crops must receive supplemental nitrogen to produce satisfactory yields. Until the last few decades the supply of available nitrogen in the soil was increased primarily by legumes and manure. These sources should be used when economically feasible, but many important grain-producing areas of the world must now rely on commercial fertilizer nitrogen. For economic reasons researchers and growers have been interested for many years in improving yields from each unit of nitrogen. Recently, however, the efficient use of nitrogen has become an environmental issue as well, because high nitrate concentrations in water may be harmful to humans, especiali infants, and to livestock. If plants absorb more of the addedfertilizer nitrogen, then less is likely to leach from fields into drinking water. Improving nitrogen efficiency has also become crucial in order to conserve dwinling supplies of natural gas, which is used in large quantities to manufacture nitrogenfertilizers.
Book Synopsis Impact of Nitrification Inhibitor Use on Corn Yield and Soil Nitrogen Levels from Liquid Hog Manure Applied at Various Fall Timings by : Kathryn Jackson
Download or read book Impact of Nitrification Inhibitor Use on Corn Yield and Soil Nitrogen Levels from Liquid Hog Manure Applied at Various Fall Timings written by Kathryn Jackson and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manure applied in early with warmer temperatures can have higher nitrification rates and nitrogen loss potential, but waiting for cooler conditions in later fall risks an early winter conditions that may prevent application. Nitrate is susceptible to leaching and denitrification, which potentially could be minimized by including a nitrification inhibitor (NI) when applying manure. In this three-year study on corn, nitrapyrin was incorporated into liquid hog manure and applied at various fall timings and in spring. Soil samples were collected in the preceding fall, spring, and post-harvest, and plant nitrogen content, grain and stover were measured in the growing season. The seasonal manure application timing had a greater impact on plant responses than including the inhibitor, with spring manure applications having greater yields. It was found that there was an optimal window in November where fall-applied manure treatments had an economic benefit to being applied with a nitrification inhibitor.
Book Synopsis Residual Effects of Fall- and Spring-applied Nitrogen Fertilizers on Crop Yields in the Southeastern United States by : Robert W. Pearson
Download or read book Residual Effects of Fall- and Spring-applied Nitrogen Fertilizers on Crop Yields in the Southeastern United States written by Robert W. Pearson and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen fertilizer broadcast in November or December on widely different soils at seven locations in Alabama, Georgia, and Mississippi during 1955-59 was only 49 percent as effective as nitrogen fertilizer applied the following spring when measured by corn yields. In terms of nitrogen recovered, the relative effectiveness was 62 percent. There were no consistent differences among the five nitrogen sources applied in the fall as measured by corn yields, but nitrogen recovery tended to be lower from urea than from the other sources. Considerable residual effects of spring-applied nitrogen were found over a period of 16 months based on both yield and nitrogen uptake by the crops. Average uptakes of 25 and 34 pounds per acre of additional nitrogen were made by the second and third crops, respectively, from the 200-pound original application. This residual nitrogen produced average yield increases of 1,600 pounds of dry forage and 19 bushels of corn per acre. These results emphasize the economic importance of residual nitrogen and the need for soil test procedures for its estimation.
Book Synopsis Effect of Stay-N Nitrification Inhibitor Upon Corn Yield and N-uptake on Iowa Soils by : Kyle Gustav Jensen
Download or read book Effect of Stay-N Nitrification Inhibitor Upon Corn Yield and N-uptake on Iowa Soils written by Kyle Gustav Jensen and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen fertilization is necessary to obtain respectable corn yields. Loss of nitrogen applied to the soil can significantly decrease yields. Suppressing the rate of nitrogen oxidation into a form that can be leached from the root zone may increase N use efficiency. The use of a nitrification inhibitor (nitrapyrin) has been shown to protect crop yield and groundwater quality when leaching conditions exist. Two year studies were conducted to determine the efficacy of reformulated nitrapyrin (Stay-N) when used with urea-ammonium nitrate solutions (liquid N fertilizer) and liquid swine manure upon corn yields. The liquid N studies were conducted in 2000 and 2001 at the Northwest Iowa Research Farm on a Galva soil (Typic Hapludoll) and in Central Iowa at the Burkey Farm on a Nicollet soil (Aquic Hapludoll). Treatments were arranged in split-plot, randomized, complete block design replicated four times. Main plots were Stay-N treatments, with (0.56 kg ai ha−1) or without Stay-N. Sub-plots were seven different rates of nitrogen: 0, 45, 90, 135, 180, 225, and 270 kg ha−1. Stay-N was mixed with the urea-ammonium nitrate solutions and sprayed on the appropriate plots using a small plot fertilizer applicator. The liquid swine manure study was conducted in 2001 and 2002 at the Armstrong Research Farm near Lewis, Iowa on a Colo soil (Cumulic Endoaquoll). The study was arranged in a randomized complete block design replicated four times. Liquid swine manure was applied to the plots to supply 0, 90, and 179 kg ha−1 of nitrogen. Stay-N rates were 0, 0.56, 1.12, and 2.24 kg ai ha−1. Stay-N was mixed with the swine manure before treatments were injected into the soil. Environmental conditions did not favor N losses during the time the studies were conducted.
Book Synopsis Effects of Nitrification Inhibitors and N Fertilizer Placement on Corn Yield and Soil Nitrogen by : Edward H. Earles
Download or read book Effects of Nitrification Inhibitors and N Fertilizer Placement on Corn Yield and Soil Nitrogen written by Edward H. Earles and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Agriculture and the Nitrogen Cycle by : Arvin Mosier
Download or read book Agriculture and the Nitrogen Cycle written by Arvin Mosier and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2013-04-10 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth and development and a key agricultural input-but in excess it can lead to a host of problems for human and ecological health. Across the globe, distribution of fertilizer nitrogen is very uneven, with some areas subject to nitrogen pollution and others suffering from reduced soil fertility, diminished crop production, and other consequences of inadequate supply. Agriculture and the Nitrogen Cycle provides a global assessment of the role of nitrogen fertilizer in the nitrogen cycle. The focus of the book is regional, emphasizing the need to maintain food and fiber production while minimizing environmental impacts where fertilizer is abundant, and the need to enhance fertilizer utilization in systems where nitrogen is limited. The book is derived from a workshop held by the Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE) in Kampala, Uganda, that brought together the world's leading scientists to examine and discuss the nitrogen cycle and related problems. It contains an overview chapter that summarizes the group's findings, four chapters on cross-cutting issues, and thirteen background chapters. The book offers a unique synthesis and provides an up-to-date, broad perspective on the issues of nitrogen fertilizer in food production and the interaction of nitrogen and the environment.
Book Synopsis Nitrification Inhibitors and Use in Minnesota by : Michael Schmitt
Download or read book Nitrification Inhibitors and Use in Minnesota written by Michael Schmitt and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Managing Nitrogen Soils for Corn Production on Irrigated Sandy Soils by : George William Rehm
Download or read book Managing Nitrogen Soils for Corn Production on Irrigated Sandy Soils written by George William Rehm and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nitrogen and Irrigation Management to Reduce Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Corn Systems by : Hannah Waterhouse
Download or read book Nitrogen and Irrigation Management to Reduce Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Corn Systems written by Hannah Waterhouse and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agriculture contributes ~58% of all global anthropogenic nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, a potent greenhouse gas, and 33% of emissions from California agriculture are in the form of N2O. Nitrogen (N) fertilizer and irrigation management can affect N2O emissions from agricultural systems, however few field studies in California have been conducted. Field trials in the San Joaquin Valley were conducted over two years from 2013 to 2015 examining the influence of concentration ammoniacal N fertilizers, irrigation method, and nitrification inhibitors on N2O emissions and agronomic indices, such as yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), in a corn system. In 2013, in the furrow-irrigated (FI) field, starter fertilizer (8 kg N/ha) and UAN32 fertilizer was side dressed at a rate of 218 kg N/ha, except for the high rate treatment where side dress fertilizer was applied at a rate of 334 kg N/ha. In 2014, in the FI field, starter N fertilizer (13 kg N/ha) and side dress UAN32 fertilizer (252 kg N/ha) was applied to all treatments, except for the high rate treatment (342 kg N/ha). To test the effects of concentration on N2O emissions, the same rate of N fertilizer was applied as a single band of fertilizer and compared to the same rate applied as two subsurface bands on either side of the plant row. Furthermore, this single band of fertilizer was then compared to a higher rate of N fertilizer that was split into two subsurface applied on either side of the plant row. To test the effects of irrigation management, a subsurface drip irrigated field where N was supplied via fertigation in 5 equal increments as UAN32 at 250 kg N/ha in both years was compared to the standard farmer's practice of two subsurface bands in the furrow irrigated field fertilized at a rate of 218 kg N/ha and 252 kg N/ha in 2013 and 2014, respectively. The nitrification inhibitor AgrotainPlus was applied with UAN32 in two subsurface bands across either side of the plant row and compared to the same rate of fertilizer applied without the inhibitor to elucidate the effect of this fertilizer technology on N2O emissions and nitrification as a source of N2O. Soil ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite samples were collected to understand the soil nitrogen dynamics underlying the pathways of N2O production. Concentrating fertilizer into one band increased emissions in both years with statistical differences found in the second year when the single band was placed in the bed. However, no effect on yield was found when comparing the banded treatments. Subsurface drip irrigation significantly reduced emissions in both years by ~50-78% and increased yields in the first year. Nitrification inhibitors also successfully reduced emissions by 60% when applied at the appropriate plant growth stage with no effect on yield suggesting that nitrification is a significant source of N2O in the absence of the inhibitor. These results suggest that fertilizer management strategies targeting N2O emissions from nitrification can significantly reduce the greenhouse gas footprint from ammonium-based fertilizer application.
Book Synopsis Nitrogen Management Strategies to Improve Corn Growth and Reduce Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Claypan Soils by : Tyler W. Steusloff
Download or read book Nitrogen Management Strategies to Improve Corn Growth and Reduce Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Claypan Soils written by Tyler W. Steusloff and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adoption of nitrogen (N) management strategies to minimize gaseous N loss from agriculture while maintaining high yield production is increasingly important for an exponentially growing population. Agricultural management on poorly-drained claypan soils in the Midwestern U.S. make corn (Zea mays L.) production even more challenging due to the subsoil's low permeability, which may result in wetter soil conditions and relatively larger amounts of soil N[subscript 2]O emissions during the growing season. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of urea fertilizer placement with and without the addition of a nitrification inhibitor (NI) on corn yield, N use efficiency (NUE), and cumulative soil N[subscript 2]O emissions on a Northeastern Missouri claypan soil. The fertilizer strategies utilized in this study consisted of deep-banded urea (DB) or urea plus nitrapyrin [2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl) pyridine] (DB+NI) at a depth of 20 cm compared to urea broadcast surface applied (SA) or incorporated to a depth of 8 cm (IA). The addition of a NI with deep-banded urea resulted in 27% greater apparent N recovery efficiency than all other N treatments. Additionally, DB+NI had 54 and 55% lower cumulative soil N[subscript 2]O emissions than IA and SA treatments in the two combined growing seasons. These results suggest that deep placement of urea with or without nitrapyrin is an effective management strategy for increasing corn yield and reducing N loss on a claypan soil.
Book Synopsis Understanding Nitrogen and Agricultural Chemicals in the Environment by :
Download or read book Understanding Nitrogen and Agricultural Chemicals in the Environment written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nitrogen in Agricultural Systems by : James Stuart Schepers
Download or read book Nitrogen in Agricultural Systems written by James Stuart Schepers and published by ASA-CSSA-SSSA. This book was released on 2008 with total page 994 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Review of the principles and management implications related to nitrogen in the soil-plant-water system.
Book Synopsis The Effect of the Nitrification Inhibitor, Dicyandiamide, on Sweet Corn (Zea Mays Var. Sacharata) Yield and Soil Nitrogen Levels by : Abdul Rahim bin Mohamad
Download or read book The Effect of the Nitrification Inhibitor, Dicyandiamide, on Sweet Corn (Zea Mays Var. Sacharata) Yield and Soil Nitrogen Levels written by Abdul Rahim bin Mohamad and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Nitrogen Source on the Yield and Nitrogen Recovery of Corn and the Use of June Soil Nitrate Level as a Nitrogen Availability Index by : Thomas F. Morris
Download or read book Effect of Nitrogen Source on the Yield and Nitrogen Recovery of Corn and the Use of June Soil Nitrate Level as a Nitrogen Availability Index written by Thomas F. Morris and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Influence of Rates and Sources of Nitrogen with and Without a Nitrification Inhibitor on Corn Nutrition and Soil Nitrogen by : Jawad K. Al-uqaili
Download or read book The Influence of Rates and Sources of Nitrogen with and Without a Nitrification Inhibitor on Corn Nutrition and Soil Nitrogen written by Jawad K. Al-uqaili and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Control of Nitrogen Transformations in Soils by : J. M. Bremner
Download or read book Control of Nitrogen Transformations in Soils written by J. M. Bremner and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
