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Nitrates Directive 91 676 Eec
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Book Synopsis Implementation of Council Directive 91/676/EEC Concerning the Protection of Waters Against Pollution Caused by Nitrates from Agricultural Sources by : European Commission. Environment Directorate-General
Download or read book Implementation of Council Directive 91/676/EEC Concerning the Protection of Waters Against Pollution Caused by Nitrates from Agricultural Sources written by European Commission. Environment Directorate-General and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis 'Nitrates' Directive (91/676/EEC) by : European Commission. Environment Directorate-General
Download or read book 'Nitrates' Directive (91/676/EEC) written by European Commission. Environment Directorate-General and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this document is to support countries in reporting good quality data. This document contains detailed specifications in a structured format for the geographical information (part 1) and summary tables (part 2) on water quality. The summary tables can help to summarize water quality data in the Member States at national level. Furthermore the tables can help as a control of the results once a (geo) database has been compiled.
Book Synopsis Measures Taken Pursuant to Council Directive 91/676/EEC Concerning the Protection of Waters Against Pollution Caused by Nitrates from Agricultural Sources by : European Commission
Download or read book Measures Taken Pursuant to Council Directive 91/676/EEC Concerning the Protection of Waters Against Pollution Caused by Nitrates from Agricultural Sources written by European Commission and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Great Britain: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Publisher :Stationery Office ISBN 13 :9780112432845 Total Pages :122 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (328 download)
Book Synopsis Protecting our water, soil and air by : Great Britain: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
Download or read book Protecting our water, soil and air written by Great Britain: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs and published by Stationery Office. This book was released on 2009-02-24 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This code (CoGAP) consolidates and updates the former three separate codes for water, soil and air. The publication offers practical interpretation of legislation and provides good advice on best practice; 'good agricultural practice' means a practice that minimises the risk of causing pollution while protecting natural resources and allowing economic agriculture to continue. It has been written by technical specialists from Defra and Natural England. All farm staff and contractors on the farm who handle, store, use, spread or dispose of any substances that could pollute water, soil or air should be aware of their responsibilities and know about the causes and results of pollution. They should know how and when to operate and maintain the equipment they use, and know what to do in an emergency. The CoGAP provides an important point of reference, based around the main operations that farmers, growers and land managers might undertake; the advice covers activities carried out in the field, but also management plans, farm infrastructure and waste management.
Author :Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Committee Publisher :The Stationery Office ISBN 13 :9780215520715 Total Pages :120 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (27 download)
Book Synopsis Implementation of the Nitrates Directive in England by : Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Committee
Download or read book Implementation of the Nitrates Directive in England written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Committee and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2008 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European Communities adopted the Nitrates Directive on 12 December 1991 with the objective of reducing water pollution caused or induced by nitrates from agricultural sources and preventing further such pollution. It requires member states to designate as Nitrate Vulnerable Zones areas of land that drain into polluted waters and to set up action programmes in these zones. Nitrate pollution can also increase eutrophication, reduce biodiversity and affect the recreational value of water. The Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) estimates that the cost of treating nitrates in drinking water between 2005 and 2010 will be £288 million in capital expenditure and £6 million a year in operating costs. Defra issued a consultation document on the Directive in 2007, and its proposed changes reflect the fact that the European Commission does not think the Directive was properly implemented in England. The proposals would have a significant impact on some 195,500 farmers in the affected areas, requiring them to alter practices for storing and spreading livestock manure and for applying chemical fertiliser. The Committee finds insufficient evidence to assess how effective the current action programme has been in reducing nitrate pollution in England. It welcomes some of Defra's proposals but has concerns about others. The proposed new action plan will place a considerable financial burden on livestock and dairy farmers, and Defra should make representations to the Treasury on the need for support in the form of tax relief for the construction of slurry storage facilities.
Download or read book Manure Management written by C. H. Burton and published by Editions Quae. This book was released on 2003 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Land Use and Water Quality by : Brian Kronvang
Download or read book Land Use and Water Quality written by Brian Kronvang and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-11-18 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of 11 papers introduces broad topics covering various professional disciplines related to the research arena of land use and water quality. The papers exemplify the important links between agriculture and water quality in surface and ground waters as well as the pollution problems around urban areas. Advancement of new technologies for analyzing links between land use and water quality problems as well as insights into new tools for analyzing large monitoring datasets are highlighted in this collection of papers.
Book Synopsis Nitrate Contamination by : Istvan Bogardi
Download or read book Nitrate Contamination written by Istvan Bogardi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nitrate content of drinking water is rising at an alarming rate in several regions of NATO countries and elsewhere in the world. The increase is due to lack of proper sewage treatment, and primarily to excess fertilizer application. Also, eutrophication in several coastal areas is triggered by high nitrate concentrations. The main purpose of this book is to integrate scientific knowledge related to exposure assessment, health consequences and control of nitrate contamination in water. The motivation is related to the magnitude, the possible adverse health effects, and the high cost of control ling nitrate contamination. Future research tasks are defined by an interaction among hydro logists, toxicologists and environmental engineers in an integrated framework for nitrate risk management. The target readership of this book is a mix of university colleagues, practitioners from both the private and public sectors and advanced graduate students working with the hydrological, health science or environmental engineering aspects of nitrate contamination. The main conclusions include: 1. For risk assessment purposes, knowledge and sufficiently accurate models are available to predict nitrate load and its fate in water under changes in land use. 2. Once agricultural exposure controls are implemented, the response times in ground water may be so long as to make controls unrealistic. 3. It is still unknown whether agricultural best management practice is a compromise between nitrate risk reduction and agricultural revenue. 4. The current drinking water guidelines of 10 mg/L NOrN need not be changed.
Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher :Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 13 :9251322562 Total Pages :178 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (513 download)
Book Synopsis Data collection systems and methodologies for the inland fisheries of Europe by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Download or read book Data collection systems and methodologies for the inland fisheries of Europe written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2020-03-01 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inland fisheries are important sources of ecosystem services contributing to human diet, health, well-being and economies. The evaluation of the importance and value of inland fisheries is one of the biggest challenges for its development. To develop the inland fisheries data collection, we reviewed the current status of data collection in European countries and provided five detailed country examples. The specific country examples give detailed description of data collection, focusing on: 1) country-wide postal survey (Finland) and 2) web-based survey and development of citizen science approach (Denmark). Example 3) from Ireland focuses on recreational salmonid fishing and conservation limits. There are two examples based on logbook returns: 4) one strict system, which is considered to work well (Czech Republic) and 5) one less controlled system, currently not producing reliable results, and under development (Croatia). Case studies were provided in each country example. Finally, the authors discuss the important aspects of inland fisheries data collection and review the methods to provide recommendations.
Book Synopsis Sources of International Water Law by :
Download or read book Sources of International Water Law written by and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1998 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication provides the text of general conventions, declarations, resolutions and decisions adopted by international organizations, international non-governmental organizations and international and arbitral tribunals on international rivers, lakes, relevant basins and underground aquifers. It provides easy access to a vast body of sources of international water law.
Book Synopsis Ethics and Public Policy by : Andrew Bradstock
Download or read book Ethics and Public Policy written by Andrew Bradstock and published by Victoria University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-01 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the ethical frameworks and principles upon which governments can and should base their policies, this study draws on papers from the 2009 Ethical Foundations of Public Policy conference held in Wellington, covering topics such as ethics in decision making and advice giving, sustainability, equality and justice, and measuring progress. The examination contends that interplay between ethical considerations and policy creation is often complex, controversial, and challenging but that the careful management of this interplay is vital to the effective functioning of liberal, democratic government. Demonstrating the inextricable link between ethics and public policy, this is essential reading for policymakers, students, and those interested in the policy process.
Book Synopsis Routledge Handbook of Water Economics and Institutions by : Kimberly Burnett
Download or read book Routledge Handbook of Water Economics and Institutions written by Kimberly Burnett and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-05 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growing scarcity of freshwater worldwide brings to light the need for sound water resource modeling and policy analysis. While a solid foundation has been established for many specific water management problems, combining those methods and principles in a unified framework remains an ongoing challenge. This Handbook aims to expand the scope of efficient water use to include allocation of sources and quantities across uses and time, as well as integrating demand-management with supply-side substitutes. Socially efficient water use does not generally coincide with private decisions in the real world, however. Examples of mechanisms designed to incentivize efficient behavior are drawn from agricultural water use, municipal water regulation, and externalities linked to water resources. Water management is further complicated when information is costly and/or imperfect. Standard optimization frameworks are extended to allow for coordination costs, games and cooperation, and risk allocation. When operating efficiently, water markets are often viewed as a desirable means of allocation because a market price incentivizes users to move resources from low to high value activities. However, early attempts at water trading have run into many obstacles. Case studies from the United States, Australia, Europe, and Canada highlight the successes and remaining challenges of establishing efficient water markets.
Book Synopsis Compendium of Summaries of Judicial Decisions in Environment Related Cases by : United Nations Environment Programme
Download or read book Compendium of Summaries of Judicial Decisions in Environment Related Cases written by United Nations Environment Programme and published by UNEP/Earthprint. This book was released on 2005 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Success in tackling environmental degradation relies on the full participation of everyone in society. The judiciary is a crucial partner in promoting environmental governance, upholding the rule of law and in ensuring a fair balance between environmental, social and developmental considerations through its judgements and declarations. This publication outlines the work done by UNEP in cooperation with several partners in developing and implementing a programme to engage the judiciaries of all countries in the pursuit of the rule of law in the area of environment and sustainable development.
Book Synopsis Water Pollution in Natural Porous Media at Different Scales by : L. Candela
Download or read book Water Pollution in Natural Porous Media at Different Scales written by L. Candela and published by IGME. This book was released on 2007 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The EU Water Framework Directive by : P. Chave
Download or read book The EU Water Framework Directive written by P. Chave and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2001-09-30 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taking over 10 years to develop, the new EU Water Framework Directive is the most significant legal instrument in the water field to emerge from Brussels for some time and will have a profound effect on how water is managed in Europe over the next 25 years. The book outlines its basic features. It explains how the current approach to water management will have to change in order that European Member states and those countries currently in accession negotiations can meet the requirements of the directive, describing a number of examples of current practices as possible systems which could be used in the new approach. The concept of river basin management is outlined, and the potential institutional problems associated with implementing such a system are discussed including the problems associated with cross-border river basins, a common situation in Europe. Examples of existing river basin authorities and international collaboration are given as possible models. The directive requires the establishment of programmes of measures to improve water status. Some countries already use such a concept, and examples are quoted. As a result of its implementation, the directive aims to achieve good water status in all natural surface waters and groundwater in 15 years. For surface waters, the definition of 'good' is based on a new concept of 'ecological quality' taking into account biology, chemistry and their physical features. For groundwater, it includes quantitative status. The approach taken is an integrated one which has to consider all the naturally occurring and human factors which affect the waters. The difficulties of interpretation of the new concept of 'ecological water status' are discussed and some of the examples of current biological and chemical classification schemes that are used in Europe are examined. The directive also alters the way in which pollution is to be controlled - the 'combined' approach. This concept is explained. The EU Water Framework Directive: An Introduction is an invaluable source of guidance on the implementation of the Water Framework Directive for all those concerned with water management including water quality planners and scientists, pollution control and environmental staff in the water and wastewater industries and environmental regulators who all have to adapt to the new approach to their work. Contents Introduction The EU Water Framework Directive Principal Obligations of the Directive Implementation of the Directive River Basin Districts River Basin Characteristics Environmental Objectives Programme of Measures River Basin Plans Groundwater Waters Requiring Special Protection Priority Substances Monitoring Economic Instruments Recording and Reporting Summary Timescales and Future Developments
Download or read book Environmental Law written by Stuart Bell and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 873 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition of 'Environmental Law' includes material on environmentalism and the law, international environmental law, access to environmental justice, noise pollution and new legislation on pollution prevention and new case law.
Book Synopsis Groundwater in International Law by : Stefano Burchi
Download or read book Groundwater in International Law written by Stefano Burchi and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2005 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundwater represents about 97 per cent of the fresh water resources available on earth (excluding the water locked in the polar ice), and is of key social, economic, environmental and strategic importance. Aquifers (including numerous transboundary ones) are coming under growing pressure from over-abstraction and pollution, which seriously threaten their sustainability. This publication brings together a range of binding and non-binding international law instruments dealing with groundwater, an emerging body of rules that indicate a trend towards more comprehensive international regulation in this important field.
