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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780720461800
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (618 download)
Download or read book New Approaches to Language Mechanisms written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Elana Shohamy
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134333528
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (343 download)
Download or read book Language Policy written by Elana Shohamy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-05-02 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A critical look at language policies, how they are implemented and the hidden agendas which often lie behind them, drawing on examples from the US and UK and showing what the consequences are for the people involved.
Author : Michael Dambacher
Publisher : Universitätsverlag Potsdam
ISBN 13 : 3869560592
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (695 download)
Download or read book Bottom-up and Top-down Processes in Reading written by Michael Dambacher and published by Universitätsverlag Potsdam. This book was released on 2010 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In reading, word frequency is commonly regarded as the major bottom-up determinant for the speed of lexical access. Moreover, language processing depends on top-down information, such as the predictability of a word from a previous context. Yet, however, the exact role of top-down predictions in visual word recognition is poorly understood: They may rapidly affect lexical processes, or alternatively, influence only late post-lexical stages. To add evidence about the nature of top-down processes and their relation to bottom-up information in the timeline of word recognition, we examined influences of frequency and predictability on event-related potentials (ERPs) in several sentence reading studies. The results were related to eye movements from natural reading as well as to models of word recognition. As a first and major finding, interactions of frequency and predictability on ERP amplitudes consistently revealed top-down influences on lexical levels of word processing (Chapters 2 and 4). Second, frequency and predictability mediated relations between N400 amplitudes and fixation durations, pointing to their sensitivity to a common stage of word recognition; further, larger N400 amplitudes entailed longer fixation durations on the next word, a result providing evidence for ongoing processing beyond a fixation (Chapter 3). Third, influences of presentation rate on ERP frequency and predictability effects demonstrated that the time available for word processing critically co-determines the course of bottom-up and top-down influences (Chapter 4). Fourth, at a near-normal reading speed, an early predictability effect suggested the rapid comparison of top-down hypotheses with the actual visual input (Chapter 5). The present results are compatible with interactive models of word recognition assuming that early lexical processes depend on the concerted impact of bottom-up and top-down information. We offered a framework that reconciles the findings on a timeline of word recognition taking into account influences of frequency, predictability, and presentation rate (Chapter 4).
Author : James R. Hurford
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521639644
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (396 download)
Download or read book Approaches to the Evolution of Language written by James R. Hurford and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-09-17 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is one of the first systematic attempts to bring language within the neo-Darwinian framework of modern evolutionary theory, without abandoning the vast gains in phonology and syntax achieved by formal linguistics over the past forty years. The contributors, linguists, psychologists, and paleoanthropologists, address such questions as: what is language as a category of behavior; is it an instrument of thought or of communication; what do individuals know when they know a language; what cognitive, perceptual, and motor capacities must they have to speak, hear, and understand a language? For the past two centuries, scientists have tended to see language function as largely concerned with the exchange of practical information. By contrast, this volume takes as its starting point the view of human intelligence as social, and of language as a device for forming alliances, in exploring the origins of the sound patterns and formal structures that characterize language.
Author : Maria Mody
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1493973258
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (939 download)
Download or read book Neural Mechanisms of Language written by Maria Mody and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-24 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important volume brings together significant findings on the neural bases of spoken language –its processing, use, and organization, including its phylogenetic roots. Employing a potent mix of conceptual and neuroimaging-based approaches, contributors delve deeply into specialized structures of the speech system, locating sensory and cognitive mechanisms involved in listening and comprehension, grasping meanings and storing memories. The novel perspectives revise familiar models by tracing linguistic interactions within and between neural systems, homing in on the brain’s semantic network, exploring the neuroscience behind bilingualism and multilingual fluency, and even making a compelling case for a more nuanced participation of the motor system in speech. From these advances, readers have a more three-dimensional picture of the brain—its functional epicenters, its connections, and the whole—as the seat of language in both wellness and disorders. Included in the topics: · The interaction between storage and computation in morphosyntactic processing. · The role of language in structure-dependent cognition. · Multisensory integration in speech processing: neural mechanisms of cross-modal after-effect. · A neurocognitive view of the bilingual brain. · Causal modeling: methods and their application to speech and language. · A word in the hand: the gestural origins of language. Neural Mechanisms of Language presents a sophisticated mix of detail and creative approaches to understanding brain structure and function, giving neuropsychologists, cognitive neuroscientists, developmental psychologists, cognitive psychologists, and speech/language pathologists new windows onto the research shaping their respective fields.
Author : Michael A. Arbib
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027287821
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)
Download or read book The Emergence of Protolanguage written by Michael A. Arbib and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2010-09-03 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Somewhere and somehow, in the 5 to 7 million years since the last common ancestors of humans and the great apes, our ancestors “got” language. The authors of this volume all agree that there was no single mutation or cultural innovation that took our ancestors directly from a limited system of a few vocalizations (primarily innate) and gestures (some learned) to language. They further agree to use the term “protolanguage” for the beginnings of an open system of symbolic communication that provided the bridge to the use of fully expressive languages, rich in both lexicon and grammar. But here consensus ends, and the theories presented here range from the compositional view that protolanguage was based primarily on words akin to the nouns and verbs, etc., we know today with only syntax lacking to the holophrastic view that protolanguage used protowords which had no meaningful subunits which might nonetheless refer to complex but significantly recurrent events. The present volume does not decide the matter but it does advance our understanding. The lack of any direct archaeological record of protolanguage might seem to raise insuperable difficulties. However, this volume exhibits the diversity of methodologies that can be brought to bear in developing datasets that can be used to advance the debate. These articles were originally published as Interaction Studies 9:1 (2008).
Author : Dominiek Sandra
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027207801
Total Pages : 419 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)
Download or read book Cognition and Pragmatics written by Dominiek Sandra and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2009 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ten volumes of "Handbook of Pragmatics Highlights" focus on the most salient topics in the field of pragmatics, thus dividing its wide interdisciplinary spectrum in a transparent and manageable way. While other volumes select philosophical, grammatical, social, variational, interactional, or discursive angles, this third volume focuses on the interface between language and cognition. Language use is impossible without the mobilization of a large variety of cognitive processes, each serving a different purpose. During the last half century cognitive approaches to language have been particularly successful, and the broad spectrum of contributions to this volume testify to this success. As cognitive approaches to language are by definition a subset of the larger enterprise of cognitive science, a contribution on this general topic sets the stage. This is joined by a chapter on cognitive grammar, a theoretical study of the architecture of human language that is deeply inspired by general cognitive principles. A chapter on experimentation offers a crash-course on basic issues of experimental design and on the rationale behind statistical testing in general and the most important statistical tests in particular, offering a methodological toolkit for understanding many of the other contributions. Different chapters cover a broad range of topics: language acquisition, psycholinguistics, specialized topics within the latter field (e.g. the bilingual mental lexicon, categorization), and aspects of language awareness. Some chapters home in on what have become indispensible perspectives on the cognitive underpinnings of language: the way language is represented and processed in the human brain and simulation studies. The ever-growing success of the latter type of studies is exemplified, for instance, by the highly flourishing connectionist tradition and the more general paradigm of artificial intelligence, each of which is dealt with in a separate contribution.
Author : Lise Menn
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 902722045X
Total Pages : 2014 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)
Download or read book Agrammatic Aphasia written by Lise Menn and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1990 with total page 2014 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This major reference work fills a need long recognized in neurolinguistics: a source for analyzable speech transcripts from agrammatic aphasic patients that provides detailed grammatical descriptions and distributional analyses. This 3-volume set is unique in that it presents narrative speech from carefully selected clinically comparable patients, speakers of 14 languages, and parallel narratives by normal speakers. For each of the 14 languages there is a case presentation chapter analyzing and discussing the language of agrammatic patients, followed by primary data, which are organized as follows: running text of speech by two patients; interlinear morphemic translations of those texts; running text of speech elicited from two normal control subjects (plus interlinear translations); tables and figures analyzing distributional properties of the patients' speech; results of comprehension tests of the patients; transcriptions of patients' oral reading and writing samples. Neurological information is included with the case presentations, and a short grammatical sketch of each language is added to make the work on all languages accessible even to those who only read English. Language findings are presented for English, Dutch, German, Icelandic, Swedish, French, Italian, Polish, Serbo-Croatian, Hindi, Finnish, Hebrew, Chinese and Japanese.The book is an indispensable reference work for all linguists, psycholinguists and neurolinguists who wish to test their theories against a massive body of data.
Author : Norman J. Lass
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 1483219941
Total Pages : 494 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)
Download or read book Speech and Language written by Norman J. Lass and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speech and Language: Volume 6, Advances in Basic Research and Practice is a collection of papers that discusses pathology, theories, and clinical issues related to language and speech. Some papers describe auditory discrimination and intervention techniques for articulatory defects, assessment of auditory disorders, phonological systems of deaf speakers, as well as speech and language characteristics of aging persons. Other papers discuss issues in language and cognitive assessment of black children, distortions of the supralaryngeal vocal tract, the structure of the human tongue, transformation of the acoustic signal into speech, and methods to estimate glottal volume velocity waveform properties. One paper suggests guidelines that investigators should be aware of before giving any speech discriminating tests. These guidelines include the following: use of age appropriate tests, use of culturally unbiased tests, adaption of intrapersonal testing procedures, and utilization of recorded stimulus presentation. Another paper reviews auditory processing deficits associated with brain damage and the considerations applicable to the assessment of such disorders. It also suggests treatment planning. One paper concludes that the phonological structure of a fluent speech requires that the listener employ higher level sources of knowledge while making phonetic decisions. Linguists, speech pathologists., psychologists, speech therapists, neurologists, neuropsychologists, and neurolinguists will find the collection highly relevant.
Author : Eric Keller
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135059926
Total Pages : 367 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (35 download)
Download or read book Motor and Sensory Processes of Language written by Eric Keller and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published in 1987, Motor and Sensory Processes of Language is a valuable contribution to the field of Cognitive Psychology.
Author : MD Kenneth M. Heilman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195384873
Total Pages : 707 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)
Download or read book Clinical Neuropsychology written by MD Kenneth M. Heilman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-13 with total page 707 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its first publication in 1979, Clinical Neuropsychology has been a valued resource for students and scientists interested in brain-behavior relationships. The text covers all of the major syndromes, but reflects the major advances in understanding and treatment of neurobehavioral disorders since the previous edition was published.
Author : David McNeill
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134741049
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (347 download)
Download or read book The Conceptual Basis of Language (RLE Linguistics A: General Linguistics) written by David McNeill and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-10 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, the author deals explicitly and literally with the speech-thought relationship. Departing boldly from contemporary linguistic and psycholinguistic thinking, the author offers us one of the truly serious efforts since Vygotsky to deal with this question. A unifying theme is the organization of action, and speech is seen as growing out of sensory-motor representations that are simultaneously part of meaning and part of action.
Author : Thomas Berg
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780198236726
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (367 download)
Download or read book Linguistic Structure and Change written by Thomas Berg and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thomas Berg challenges context-free theories of linguistics; he is concerned with the way the term 'explanation' is typically used in the discipline. He argues that real explanations cannot emerge from a view which asserts the autonomy of language, but only from an approach which seeks to establish a connection between language and the contexts in which it is embedded. The author examines the psychological context in detail. He uses an interactiveactivation model of language processing to derive predictions about synchronic linguistic patterns, the course of linguistic change, and the structure of poetic rhymes. The majority of these predictions are borne out, leading the author to conclude that the structure of language is shaped by the properties of the mechanism which puts it to use, and that psycholinguistics thus qualifies as one likely approach from which to derive an explanation of linguistic structure.
Author : John W. Schwieter
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119387698
Total Pages : 882 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (193 download)
Download or read book The Handbook of the Neuroscience of Multilingualism written by John W. Schwieter and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-12-28 with total page 882 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definitive guide to 21st century investigations of multilingual neuroscience The Handbook of the Neuroscience of Multilingualism provides a comprehensive survey of neurocognitive investigations of multiple-language speakers. Prominent scholar John W. Schwieter offers a unique collection of works from globally recognized researchers in neuroscience, psycholinguistics, neurobiology, psychology, neuroimaging, and others, to provide a multidisciplinary overview of relevant topics. Authoritative coverage of state-of-the-art research provides readers with fundamental knowledge of significant theories and methods, language impairments and disorders, and neural representations, functions, and processes of the multilingual brain. Focusing on up-to-date theoretical and experimental research, this timely handbook explores new directions of study and examines significant findings in the rapidly evolving field of multilingual neuroscience. Discussions on the bilingual advantage debate, recovery and rehabilitation patterns in multilingual aphasia, and the neurocognitive effects of multilingualism throughout the lifespan allow informed investigation of contemporary issues. Presents the first handbook-length examination of the neuroscience and neurolinguistics of multilingualism Demonstrates how neuroscience and multilingualism intersect several areas of research, such as neurobiology and experimental psychology Includes works from prominent international scholars and researchers to provide global perspective Reflects cutting-edge research and promising areas of future study in the dynamic field of multilingual neuroscience The Handbook of the Neuroscience of Multilingualism is an invaluable resource for researchers and scholars in areas including multilingualism, psycholinguistics, second language acquisition, and cognitive science. This versatile work is also an indispensable addition to the classroom, providing advanced undergraduate and graduate students a thorough overview of the field.
Author : Lawrence W. Barsalou
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317783689
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)
Download or read book Cognitive Psychology written by Lawrence W. Barsalou and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-02-25 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text presents the basic concepts of modern cognitive psychology in a succinct and accessible manner. Empirical results, theoretical developments, and current issues are woven around basic concepts to produce coherent accounts of research areas. Barsalou's primary goal is to equip readers with a conceptual vocabulary that acquaints them with the general approach of cognitive psychology and allows them to follow more technical discussions elsewhere. In meeting this goal, he discusses the traditional work central to modern thinking and reviews current work relevant to cognitive science. Besides focusing on research and theory in cognitive psychology, Barsalou also addresses its fundamental assumptions. Because the cognitive approach to psychology is somewhat subtle, often misunderstood, and sometimes controversial, it is essential for a text on cognitive psychology to address the assumptions that underlie it. Therefore, three of the eleven chapters address the "meta- assumptions" that govern research and theory in cognitive psychology. These meta-chapters provide a deeper understanding of the content areas and a clearer vision of what cognitive psychologists are trying to accomplish. The remaining eight "content" chapters cover the central topics in cognitive psychology. This book will be of value to a variety of audiences. Ideal for researchers in computer science, linguistics, philosophy, anthropology, and neuroscience who wish to acquaint themselves with cognitive psychology, it may also be used as a text for courses in cognitive science and cognitive psychology. Lay readers who wish to learn about the cognitive approach to scientific psychology will also find the volume useful.
Author : Paul Kolers
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468409948
Total Pages : 531 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Processing of Visible Language written by Paul Kolers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The organization of the page as a technological device and our acquisition of information from it were subjects of keen interest to psychologists and designers a century ago. Research on the topics proceeded briskly for more than a quarter of a century then, and was brought together in the still useful survey and analysis of them all that E. B. Huey published in 1908 as "The psychology and pedagogy of reading, with a review of the history of reading and writing and of methods, texts, and hygiene in reading. " Research on the psychological aspects of literacy tended to diminish after that peak, but research on design and on the technology of presenting infor mation has flourished apace meanwhile. Perhaps somewhat stimulated by the reissue of Huey's book by MIT Press in 1968, psychologists have returned to the study of literacy. The symposium that the present volume reports was an effort to bring together again psychologists interested in literacy and related forms of information acquisition, graphics designers, and engineers actively involved in the development and deployment of the newer technology. During this century, psychologists, graphics designers, and engineers have lost much of the mutual communication that their joint enterprise should encourage. The design of machines has often followed the convenience of packaging, the design of displays has often followed the designer's personal esthetic.
Author : Gerry Altmann
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1134832869
Total Pages : 527 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (348 download)
Download or read book Cognitive Models Of Speech Processing written by Gerry Altmann and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-05-24 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive review for those interested in the range of theoretical concerns in speech and language processing.
