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Neutrino Factory Downstream Systems
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Book Synopsis Neutrino Factory Downstream Systems by :
Download or read book Neutrino Factory Downstream Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We describe the Neutrino Factory accelerator systems downstream from the target and capture area. These include the bunching and phase rotation, cooling, acceleration, and decay ring systems. We also briefly discuss the R & D program under way to develop these systems, and indicate areas where help from CERN would be invaluable.
Book Synopsis Optimization and Beam Control in Large-emittance Accelerators: Neutrino Factories by :
Download or read book Optimization and Beam Control in Large-emittance Accelerators: Neutrino Factories written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Schemes for intense sources of high-energy muons require collection, rf capture, and transport of particle beams with unprecedented emittances, both longitudinally and transversely. These large emittances must be reduced or ''cooled'' both in size and in energy spread before the muons can be efficiently accelerated. Therefore, formation of muon beams sufficiently intense to drive a Neutrino Factory or Muon Collider requires multi-stage preparation. Further, because of the large beam phase space which must be successfully controlled, accelerated, and transported, the major stages that comprise such a facility: proton driver, production, capture, phase rotation, cooling, acceleration, and storage are complex and strongly interlinked. Each of the stages must be consecutively matched and simultaneously optimized with upstream and downstream systems, meeting challenges not only technically in the optics and component design, but also in the modeling of both new and extended components. One design for transverse cooling, for example, employs meter-diameter solenoids to maintain strong focusing--300-500 mr beam divergences--across ultra-large momentum ranges, [ge] [+-]20% [delta]p/p, defying conventional approximations to the dynamics and field representation. To now, the interplay of the different systems and staging strategies has not been formally addressed. This work discusses two basic, but different approaches to a Neutrino Factory and how the staging strategy depends on beam parameters and method of acceleration.
Book Synopsis Choice of Proton Driver Parameters for a Neutrino Factory by :
Download or read book Choice of Proton Driver Parameters for a Neutrino Factory written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We discuss criteria for designing an optimal 'green field' proton driver for a neutrino factory. The driver parameters are determined by considerations of space charge, power capabilities of the target, beam loading and available RF peak power. A neutrino factory may be the best experimental tool to unravel the physics involved in neutrino oscillation and CP violation phenomena [1]. To have sufficient neutrino flux for acceptable physics results within 5 years requires about 1022 protons on target per year, which corresponds to 1-4 MW of proton beam power from the proton driver depending on the beam energy. In the past, there were individual proposals from different laboratories of a particular design of proton driver capable of delivering beam power from 2 to 4 MW, without consistent attention paid to the needs or requirements from the downstream systems. In this study, we try to identify the requirements from those down stream systems first, then see whether it is possible to design a proton driver to meet those needs. Such a study will also assist site specific proposals to further improve on their designs to better serve the need of a proton driver for neutrino factory applications.
Book Synopsis Neutrino Factories and Superbeams by : Adam Para
Download or read book Neutrino Factories and Superbeams written by Adam Para and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2004-10-29 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The workshop has reviewed progress towards the future generation of neutrino oscillation experiments. These experiments will use very intense conventional neutrino beams and novel beams derived from muons or radioactive nuclei. These new facilities will provide a broad research front including muon physics and neutrino scattering experiments. The main technical challenges involve construction of very intense proton beams, targeting, effective capture of produced particles, cooling and subsequent acceleration of the resulting muons.
Book Synopsis Lepton-photon 01 - Proceedings Of The Xx International Symposium On Lepton And Photon Interactions At High Energies by : Fabio Bossi
Download or read book Lepton-photon 01 - Proceedings Of The Xx International Symposium On Lepton And Photon Interactions At High Energies written by Fabio Bossi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2002-08-08 with total page 661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important book covers topics that are of major interest to the high energy physics community, including the most recent results from flavour factories, dark matter and neutrino physics. In addition, it considers future high energy machines.
Book Synopsis Progress on the Neutrino Factory Target System Design by :
Download or read book Progress on the Neutrino Factory Target System Design written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Interim Design Report for the International Design Study for a Neutrino Factory by :
Download or read book Interim Design Report for the International Design Study for a Neutrino Factory written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The starting point for the International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory (the IDS-NF) was the output of the earlier International Scoping Study for a future Neutrino Factory and super-beam facility (the ISS). The accelerator facility described in section 2 incorporates the improvements that have been derived from the substantial amount of work carried out within the Accelerator Working Group. Highlights of these improvements include: (1) Initial concepts for the implementation of the proton driver at each of the three example sites, CERN, FNAL, and RAL; (2) Detailed studies of the energy deposition in the target area; (3) A reduction in the length of the muon beam phase-rotation and bunching systems; (4) Detailed analyses of the impact of the risk that stray magnetic field in the accelerating cavities in the ionization cooling channel will reduce the maximum operating gradient. Several alternative ionization-cooling lattices have been developed as fallback options to mitigate this technical risk; (5) Studies of particle loss in the muon front-end and the development of strategies to mitigate the deleterious effects of such losses; (6) The development of more complete designs for the muon linac and re-circulating linacs; (7) The development of a design for the muon FFAG that incorporates insertions for injection and extraction; and (8) Detailed studies of diagnostics in the decay ring. Other sub-systems have undergone a more 'incremental' evolution; an indication that the design of the Neutrino Factory has achieved a degree of maturity. The design of the neutrino detectors described in section 3 has been optimized and the Detector Working Group has made substantial improvements to the simulation and analysis of the Magnetized Iron Neutrino Detector (MIND) resulting in an improvement in the overall neutrino-detection efficiency and a reduction in the neutrino-energy threshold. In addition, initial consideration of the engineering of the MIND has generated a design that is feasible and a finite element analysis of the toroidal magnetic field to produce a realistic field map has been carried out. Section 3 also contains, for the first time, a specification for the near-detector systems and a demonstration that the neutrino flux can be determined with a precision of 1% through measurements of inverse muon decay at the near detector. The performance of the facility, the work of the Physics and Performance Evaluation Group, is described in section 1. The effect of the improved MIND performance is to deliver a discovery reach for CP-invariance violation in the lepton sector, the determination of the mass hierarchy, and of?13 that extends down to values of sin2 2?13 H"5 x 10−5 and is robust against systematic uncertainties. In addition, the improved neutrino-energy threshold has allowed an indicative analysis of the kind of re-optimization of the facility that could be carried out should?13 be found close to the current upper bound. The results presented in section 1 demonstrate that the discovery reach as well as the precision with which the oscillation parameters can be measured at the baseline Neutrino Factory is superior to that of other proposed facilities for all possible values of sin2 2?13.
Book Synopsis A Compact and High Performance Muon Capture Channel for Muon Accelerators by :
Download or read book A Compact and High Performance Muon Capture Channel for Muon Accelerators written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is widely believed that a neutrino factory would deliver unparallel performance in studying neutrino mixing and would provide tremendous sensitivity to new physics in the neutrino sector. Here we will describe and simulate the front-end of the neutrino factory system, which plays critical role in determining the number of muons that can be accepted by the downstream accelerators. In this system, a proton bunch on a target creates secondaries that drift into a capture transport channel. A sequence of rf cavities forms the resulting muon beams into strings of bunches of differing energies, aligns the bunches to nearly equal central energies, and initiates ionization cooling. For this, the muon beams are transported through sections containing high-gradient cavities and strong focusing solenoids. In this paper we present results of optimization and variation studies toward obtaining the maximum number of muons for a neutrino factory by using a compact transport channel. It has been suggested computationally and experimentally that the maximum achievable gradient is enhanced by introducing an external magnetic field at right angles to the rf electric field since it suppresses field-emission processes. Here, we have discussed a possible scheme for extending the concept of magnetic insulation to capture, transport, and cool muons in a neutrino factory. We incorporated this idea into a new lattice design where the rf cavities are shaped so that their walls were tangential to the magnetic-field lines. We showed that, with magnetic insulation, the field-emitted electrons impact the cavity surface with energies four orders-of-magnitude less than in conventional pillbox cavities; consequently, damage from field-emission is suppressed significantly. While demanding in terms of power requirements, this neutrino factory lattice showed satisfactory performance in both cooling and collecting the accepted muons within the requirements for the IDSNF. Optimizations were also made to reduce heating on the absorber windows minimizing losses in the accepted muon fluxes. The next step for verifying these ideas should be an experimental demonstration of a single muon accelerator magnetically-insulated rf cavity. A successful demonstration will provide us with a new versatile tool for a future muon accelerator.
Book Synopsis XX International Symposium on Lepton and Photon Interactions at High Energies by : Juliet Lee-Franzini
Download or read book XX International Symposium on Lepton and Photon Interactions at High Energies written by Juliet Lee-Franzini and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2002 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important book covers topics that are of major interest to the high energy physics community, including the most recent results from flavour factories, dark matter and neutrino physics. In addition, it considers future high energy machines.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators by : Rajendran Raja
Download or read book Proceedings of the Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators written by Rajendran Raja and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume captures the contents of the talks given at the Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators held at Fermilab Oct 19ndash;21, 2009. This workshop brought together experts from a variety of disciplines to explore new and profound ways proton accelerators can be used in the future. The workshop explored uses of such a proton source for producing intense muon, kaon and neutrino beams as well as using the intense protons for new forms of nuclear reactors that go by the name Accelerator Driven Sub-critical systems that promise to increase our available nuclear fuel supply by orders of magnitude while at the same time solving the nuclear waste problem. Intense proton beams can also be used to produce short-lived nuclear isotopes that are important in the medical industry.
Book Synopsis Magnet Misalignment Studies for the Front-end of the Neutrino Factory by :
Download or read book Magnet Misalignment Studies for the Front-end of the Neutrino Factory written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Neutrino Factory front-end the muon beam coming from the interaction of a high-power (4 MW) proton beam on a mercury jet target is transformed through a buncher, a phase rotator and an ionization cooling channel before entering the downstream acceleration system. The muon front-end channel is densely packed with solenoid magnets, normal conducting radio-frequency cavities and absorber windows for the cooling section. The tolerance to the misalignment of the different components has to be determined in order on one hand to set the limits beyond which the performance of the front-end channel would be degraded; on the other hand to optimize the design and assembly of the front-end cells such that the component alignment can be checked and corrected for where crucial for the performance of the channel. In this paper we show the results of some of the simulations of the front-end channel performance where the magnetic field direction has been altered compared to the baseline.
Book Synopsis Particle Production and Radiation Environment at a Neutrino Factory Target Station by :
Download or read book Particle Production and Radiation Environment at a Neutrino Factory Target Station written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Efficient production and collection of a large number of muons is needed to make a neutrino factory based on a muon storage ring viable. The results of extensive MARS simulations are reported for Megawatt proton beams on a carbon rod and mercury jet in a 20-T hybrid solenoid, followed by a matching section and decay channel. Beam energy and power in a 2 to 30 GeV range, beam spot size, beam and target tilt angle, target material and dimensions, and capture system parameters are optimized to get maximum muon yields at the end of the decay channel. Other particles transported down the beam line are also studied for the purpose of beam instrumentation. Prompt and residual radiation distributions are calculated and analysis of target integrity, quench stability and dynamic heat load to the superconducting coils, radiation damage and activation of materials near the beam is performed. Absorption of showers in the direction of a primary beam is considered.
Download or read book Neutrino written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Beyond the Desert 1999 by : I. V. Krivosheina
Download or read book Beyond the Desert 1999 written by I. V. Krivosheina and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2000-12-01 with total page 1236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing the need for an up-to-date reference on silicon devices and heterostructures, Beyond the Desert 99 reviews the technology used to grow and characterize Goup IV alloy films. It covers the theory, device design, and simulation of heterojunction transistors, emphasizing their relevance in developing the technologies involving strained layers; device design and simulation of conventional silicon bipolar transistors and SiGe HBTs at room and low temperatures; and device design and simulation for MOSFETs, including SiGe and strained-Si channel MOSFETs. The book concludes with simulations and examples of different applications. It provides a unified reference for scientists and engineers investigating the use of SiGe and strained silicon in a new generation of high-speed circuit applications.
Book Synopsis Neutrino Factories, Superbeams and Betabeams by : Osamu Yasuda
Download or read book Neutrino Factories, Superbeams and Betabeams written by Osamu Yasuda and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2008-02-28 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The workshop has reviewed progress towards the future generation of neutrino oscillation experiments. These experiments will use very intense conventional neutrino beams and novel beams derived from muons or radioactive nuclei. These new facilities will provide a broad research front including muon physics and neutrino scattering experiments. The main technical challenges involve construction of very intense proton beams, targeting, effective capture of produced particles, cooling and ultra-fast acceleration of the resulting muons.
Book Synopsis Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider Fellow, Final Technical Report for DOE Award DE-FG02-03ER41267 by :
Download or read book Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider Fellow, Final Technical Report for DOE Award DE-FG02-03ER41267 written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By providing an intense, well controlled, well characterized, narrow beam of muon neutrinos (?????????s) and electron antineutrinos (–?e’s) from the decay of muons (?−??2019?s) in a storage ring, a neutrino factory can advance neutrino physics beyond the current round of approved and proposed experiments using conventional neutrino beams produced from a beam of decaying pions and kaons [1, 2]. There is no other comparable single clean source of electron neutrinos (from the decay of ?+’s) or antineutrinos. A muon storage ring producing 1019 to 1021 muon decays per year should be feasible. These intense neutrino beams can be used to study neutrino oscillations and possible CP violation. An entry-level muon storage ring that could provide 1019 decays per year would allow a determination of the sign of ?m231and a first measurement of sin22?13 for favorable values of this parameter. An improved muon storage ring system that could provide 1020 muon decays per year would allow measurement of sin22?13 to 1̃0−4. A high performance muon storage ring capable of providing more than 1020 muon decays per year would allow the exciting possibility of a measurement of CP violation in the leptonic sector. An intense cold muon beam at the front end of a neutrino factory could enable a rich variety of precision muon physics, such as a more precise measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment (g – 2) and searches for ? -> e ? and ?−N -> e− N conversion [3]. In addition, colliding beams of ?+ and ?− in a muon collider can provide an effective ?Higgs factory? or multi-TeV center-of-mass energy collisions [4]. A muon collider will be the best way to study the Higgs bosons associated with supersymmetric theories and may be necessary to discover them. Two neutrino factory feasibility studies have been carried out in the U.S. [5, 6]. International design efforts are now under way. The International Neutrino Factory and Superbeam Scoping Study (ISS) [7] began at the NuFact05 Workshop in June 2005 with the goals of elaborating the physics case, defining the baseline options for such a facility and its neutrino detectors, and identifying the required R&D program to lay the foundations for a complete design study proposal, and an International Design Study of the Neutrino Factory is beginning. These studies entail iterative cost and technical difficulty evaluations, thereby providing guidelines for the advancing R&D program. One of the central subsystems of a neutrino factory or muon collider is the muon cooling system. The muon beam is cooled to increase the phase space density and allow the muons to pass through smaller apertures, thus reducing the cost of the following accelerator systems. This cooling is accomplished through ionization cooling, in which the beam is passed through liquid hydrogen absorbers and then accelerated in RF cavities to restore the longitudinal momentum. Ionization cooling was proposed more than twenty years ago [8] but has not yet been demonstrated in practice. The International Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) [9, 10] seeks to build and operate a muon-cooling device of a design proposed in Feasibility Study-II [6]. In addition to cooling the muons, MICE includes apparatus to measure the performance of the device. The experiment will be carried out by a collaboration of physicists from the U.S., Europe, and Japan at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the U.K. MICE will begin operation in late 2007. Successful performance of the MICE experiment will provide the understanding needed to design a complete neutrino factory, in which the muons are cooled, accelerated, circulated in a storage ring, and decay to produce the neutrino beam. The first neutrino factory might be built in the U.S., Europe, or Japan. A Muon Collider Task Force (MCTF) has recently been organized at Fermilab.
Book Synopsis Neutrino Factories, Superbeams, and Beta Beams by : Daniel Kaplan
Download or read book Neutrino Factories, Superbeams, and Beta Beams written by Daniel Kaplan and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2010-04-16 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutrinos are the most enigmatic of all known elementary particles, able to penetrate kilometers of material and pass through the entire earth, emitted in enormous numbers by the sun and by nuclear reactors. New techniques are being invented to bring unprecedented precision to their study and understand their possible role in the creation of the Universe. The facilities being discussed will also advance the study of muons –– massive unstable “cousins” of the electron. The NuFact series of annual international workshops, of which this is the 11th, brings together members of all of the major groups involved in the planning of such future physics facilities for the free exchange and advancement of ideas.
