Naturalism And Ontology

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World Without Design

Author : Michael Cannon Rea
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199247609
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis World Without Design by : Michael Cannon Rea

Download or read book World Without Design written by Michael Cannon Rea and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Philosophical naturalism has dominated the Western academy for well over a century. According to Michael Rea, however, there is an important sense in which naturalism's status as orthodoxy is without rational foundation, and the costs of embracing it are surprisingly high. The goal of World without Design is to defend these two claims, with special attention to the second." "The first part of the book aims to provide a fair and historically informed characterization of naturalism. The second part argues for the striking thesis that naturalists are committed to rejecting realism about material objects, materialism, and perhaps realism about other minds. Rea concludes by examining two alternative research programs: intuitionism and supernaturalism, and argues for the conclusion that, under certain circumstances, intuitionism is self-defeating."

Naturalism, Reference, and Ontology

Author : Chase B. Wrenn
Publisher : Peter Lang
ISBN 13 : 9781433102295
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (22 download)

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Book Synopsis Naturalism, Reference, and Ontology by : Chase B. Wrenn

Download or read book Naturalism, Reference, and Ontology written by Chase B. Wrenn and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2008 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Naturalism, Reference, and Ontology is a collection of twelve original essays honoring Roger F. Gibson, who has been a leading proponent and defender of W. V. Quine's philosophy for nearly thirty years. The essays address a wide range of topics, including normativity and naturalized epistemology, holism, consciousness, the philosophy of logic, perception, value theory, and the arts. The contributors are an international group of prominent philosophers as well as rising scholars including: Robert Barrett, Lars Bergström, Richard Creath, David Henderson, Terence Horgan, Ernest Lepore, Pete Mandik, Alex Orenstein, Kenneth Shockley, J. Robert Thompson, Josefa Toribio, Joseph Ullian, Josh Weisberg, and Chase B. Wrenn.

Understanding Naturalism

Author : Jack Ritchie
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317493575
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Naturalism by : Jack Ritchie

Download or read book Understanding Naturalism written by Jack Ritchie and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-05 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many contemporary Anglo-American philosophers describe themselves as naturalists. But what do they mean by that term? Popular naturalist slogans like, "there is no first philosophy" or "philosophy is continuous with the natural sciences" are far from illuminating. "Understanding Naturalism" provides a clear and readable survey of the main strands in recent naturalist thought. The origin and development of naturalist ideas in epistemology, metaphysics and semantics is explained through the works of Quine, Goldman, Kuhn, Chalmers, Papineau, Millikan and others. The most common objections to the naturalist project - that it involves a change of subject and fails to engage with "real" philosophical problems, that it is self-refuting, and that naturalism cannot deal with normative notions like truth, justification and meaning - are all discussed. "Understanding Naturalism" distinguishes two strands of naturalist thinking - the constructive and the deflationary - and explains how this distinction can invigorate naturalism and the future of philosophical research.

Naturalism and the First-Person Perspective

Author : Lynne Rudder Baker
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199914737
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis Naturalism and the First-Person Perspective by : Lynne Rudder Baker

Download or read book Naturalism and the First-Person Perspective written by Lynne Rudder Baker and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-15 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science and its philosophical companion, Naturalism, represent reality in wholly nonpersonal terms. How, if at all, can a nonpersonal scheme accommodate the first-person perspective that we all enjoy? In this volume, Lynne Rudder Baker explores that question by considering both reductive and eliminative approaches to the first-person perspective. After finding both approaches wanting, she mounts an original constructive argument to show that a non-Cartesian first-person perspective belongs in the basic inventory of what exists. That is, the world that contains us persons is irreducibly personal. After arguing for the irreducibilty and ineliminability of the first-person perspective, Baker develops a theory of this perspective. The first-person perspective has two stages, rudimentary and robust. Human infants and nonhuman animals with consciousness and intentionality have rudimentary first-person perspectives. In learning a language, a person acquires a robust first-person perspective: the capacity to conceive of oneself as oneself, in the first person. By developing an account of personal identity, Baker argues that her theory is coherent, and she shows various ways in which first-person perspectives contribute to reality.

Scientific Ontology

Author : Anjan Chakravartty
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190651458
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Scientific Ontology by : Anjan Chakravartty

Download or read book Scientific Ontology written by Anjan Chakravartty and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Though science and philosophy take different approaches to ontology, metaphysical inferences are relevant to interpreting scientific work, and empirical investigations are relevant to philosophy. This book argues that there is no uniquely rational way to determine which domains of ontology are appropriate for belief, making room for choice in a transformative account of scientific ontology.

Working from Within

Author : Sander Verhaegh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0190913150
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Working from Within by : Sander Verhaegh

Download or read book Working from Within written by Sander Verhaegh and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Working from Within examines the nature and development of W. V. Quine's naturalism, the view that philosophy ought to be continuous with science. Sander Verhaegh's reconstruction is based on a comprehensive study of Quine's personal and academic archives. Transcriptions of five unpublished papers, letters, and notes are included in the appendix.

The Question of Methodological Naturalism

Author : Jason N. Blum
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789004346628
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (466 download)

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Book Synopsis The Question of Methodological Naturalism by : Jason N. Blum

Download or read book The Question of Methodological Naturalism written by Jason N. Blum and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Question of Methodological Naturalism offers ten essays on the role of naturalism in religious studies, ranging from sophisticated intellectual histories and philosophical analyses to trenchant denunciations and ringing endorsements. All have profound implications for the study of religions.

Wilfrid Sellars

Author : James O'Shea
Publisher : Polity
ISBN 13 : 0745630022
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (456 download)

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Book Synopsis Wilfrid Sellars by : James O'Shea

Download or read book Wilfrid Sellars written by James O'Shea and published by Polity. This book was released on 2007-04-23 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work of the American philosopher Wilfrid Sellars continues to have a significant impact on the contemporary philosophical scene. His writings have influenced major thinkers such as Rorty, McDowell, Brandom, and Dennett, and many of Sellars basic conceptions, such as the logical space of reasons, the myth of the given, and the manifest and scientific images, have become standard philosophical terms. Often, however, recent uses of these terms do not reflect the richness or the true sense of Sellars original ideas. This book gets to the heart of Sellars philosophy and provides students with a comprehensive critical introduction to his lifes work. The book is structured around what Sellars himself regarded as the philosophers overarching task: to achieve a coherent vision of reality that will finally overcome the continuing clashes between the world as common sense takes it to be and the world as science reveals it to be. It provides a clear analysis of Sellars groundbreaking philosophy of mind, his novel theory of consciousness, his defense of scientific realism, and his thoroughgoing naturalism with a normative turn. Providing a lively examination of Sellars work through the central problem of what it means to be a human being in a scientific world, this book will be a valuable resource for all students of philosophy.

Ontology and Closeness in Human-Nature Relationships

Author : Neil H. Kessler
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319992740
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Ontology and Closeness in Human-Nature Relationships by : Neil H. Kessler

Download or read book Ontology and Closeness in Human-Nature Relationships written by Neil H. Kessler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-10 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Ontology and Closeness in Human-Nature Relationships, Neil H. Kessler identifies the preconceptions which can keep the modern human mind in the dark about what is happening relationally between humans and the more-than-human world. He has written an accessible work of environmental philosophy, with a focus on the ontology of human-nature relationships. In it, he contends that large-scale environmental problems are intimate and relational in origin. He also challenges the deeply embedded, modernist assumptions about the relational limitations of more-than-human beings, ones which place erroneous limitations on the possibilities for human/more-than-human closeness. Diverging from the posthumanist literature and its frequent reliance on new materialist ontology, the arguments in the book attempt to sweep away what ecofeminists call “human/nature dualisms. In doing so, conceptual avenues open up that have the power to radically alter how we engage in our daily interactions with the more-than-human world all around us. Given the diversity of fields and disciplines focused on the human-nature relationship, the topics of this book vary quite broadly, but always converge at the nexus of what is possible between humans and more-than-human beings. The discussion interweaves the influence of human/nature dualisms with the limitations of Deleuzian becoming and posthumanism’s new materialism and agential realism. It leverages interhuman interdependence theory, Charles Peirce’s synechism of feeling and various treatments of Theory of Mind while exploring the influence of human/nature dualisms on sustainability, place attachment, common worlds pedagogy, emergence, and critical animal studies. It also explores the implications of plant electrical activity, plant intelligence, and plant “neurobiology” for possibilities of relational capacities in plants while even grappling with theories of animism to challenge the animate/inanimate divide. The result is an engaging, novel treatment of human-nature relational ontology that will encourage the reader to look at the world in a whole new way.

Ontologies of Nature

Author : Gerard Kuperus
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319662368
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Ontologies of Nature by : Gerard Kuperus

Download or read book Ontologies of Nature written by Gerard Kuperus and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-04 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains essays that offer both historical and contemporary views of nature, as seen through a hermeneutic, deconstructive, and phenomenological lens. It reaches back to Ancient Greek conceptions of physis in Homer and Empedocles, encompasses 13th century Zen master Dōgen, and extends to include 21st Century Continental Thought. By providing ontologies of nature from the perspective of the history of philosophy and of contemporary philosophy alike, the book shows that such perspectives need to be seen in dialogue with each other in order to offer a deeper and more comprehensive philosophy of nature. The value of the historical accounts discussed lies in discerning the conceptual problems that contribute to the dominant thinking underpinning our ecological predicament, as well as in providing helpful resources for thinking innovatively through current problems, thus recasting the past to allow for a future yet to be imagined. The book also discusses contemporary continental thinkers who are more critically aware of the dominant anthropocentric and instrumental view of nature, and who provide substantial guidance for a sensible, innovative “ontology of nature” suited for an ecology of the future. Overall, the ontologies of nature discerned in this volume are not merely of theoretical interest, but strategically serve to suspend anthropocentrism and spark ethical and political reorientation in the context of our current ecological predicament.

Contemporary Philosophical Naturalism and Its Implications

Author : Bana Bashour
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135082480
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Contemporary Philosophical Naturalism and Its Implications by : Bana Bashour

Download or read book Contemporary Philosophical Naturalism and Its Implications written by Bana Bashour and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-15 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most pervasive and persistent questions in philosophy is the relationship between the natural sciences and traditional philosophical categories such as metaphysics, epistemology and the mind. Contemporary Philosophical Naturalism and Its Implications is a unique and valuable contribution to the literature on this issue. It brings together a remarkable collection of highly regarded experts in the field along with some young theorists providing a fresh perspective. This book is noteworthy for bringing together committed philosophical naturalists (with one notable and provocative exception), thus diverging from the growing trend towards anti-naturalism. The book consists of four sections: the first deals with the metaphysical implications of naturalism, in which two contributors present radically different perspectives. The second attempts to reconcile reasons and forward-looking goals with blind Darwinian natural selection. The third tackles various problems in epistemology, ranging from meaning to natural kinds to concept learning. The final section includes three papers each addressing a specific feature of the human mind: its uniqueness, its representational capacity, and its morality. In this way the book explores the important implications of the post-Darwinian scientific world-view.

Narrative Naturalism

Author : Jessica Wahman
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 0739187988
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis Narrative Naturalism by : Jessica Wahman

Download or read book Narrative Naturalism written by Jessica Wahman and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2015-07-01 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Narrative Naturalism: An Alternative Framework for Philosophy of Mind provides an original framework for a non-reductive approach to mind and philosophical psychology. Jessica Wahman challenges the reductive (i.e., mechanistic and physicalist) assumptions that render the mind-body problem intractable, and claims that George Santayana’s naturalism provides a more beneficial epistemological method and ontological framework for thinking about the place of consciousness in the natural world. She uses Santayana’s thought as the primary inspiration for her own specific viewpoint, one that draws on a variety of sources, from analytic philosophy of mind to existentialism and psychoanalysis. This outlook, narrative naturalism, depicts sense-making as a kind of storytelling where different narratives serve different purposes, and Wahman offer a unique worldview to accommodate a variety of true expressions about the world, including truths about subjective existence. Motivated by a desire to challenge the reductionist approaches that explain human motivation and experience in terms of neuroscience and by the increasingly pharmacological interpretations of and solutions to psychological problems, Wahman’s overarching purpose is to reconstruct the issue so that neuroscience can be embraced as an indispensable story among others in our understanding of the human condition. When placed in this context, neurobiological discoveries better serve the values and practices associated with human self-knowledge and well-being. Narrative Naturalism will appeal to those interested in American philosophy, Santayana scholarship, pragmatist epistemology, philosophy of mind, philosophical psychology, and metaphysics.

Naturalism

Author : William Lane Craig
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113456452X
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (345 download)

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Book Synopsis Naturalism by : William Lane Craig

Download or read book Naturalism written by William Lane Craig and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-01-04 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Naturalism provides a rigorous analysis and critique of the major varieties of contemporary philosophical naturalism. The authors advocate the thesis that contemporary naturalism should be abandoned, in light of the serious objections raised against it. Contributors draw on a wide range of topics including: epistemology, the philosophy of science, the philosophy of mind and agency, and natural theology.

Norms of Nature

Author : Paul Sheldon Davies
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262262378
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Norms of Nature by : Paul Sheldon Davies

Download or read book Norms of Nature written by Paul Sheldon Davies and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2003-01-24 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The components of living systems strike us as functional-as for the sake of certain ends—and as endowed with specific norms of performance. The mammalian eye, for example, has the function of perceiving and processing light, and possession of this property tempts us to claim that token eyes are supposed to perceive and process light. That is, we tend to evaluate the performance of token eyes against the norm described in the attributed functional property. Hence the norms of nature. What, then, are the norms of nature? Whence do they arise? Out of what natural properties or relations are they constituted? In Norms of Nature, Paul Sheldon Davies argues against the prevailing view that natural norms are constituted out of some form of historical success—usually success in natural selection. He defends the view that functions are nothing more than effects that contribute to the exercise of some more general systemic capacity. Natural functions exist insofar as the components of natural systems contribute to the exercise of systemic capacities. This is so irrespective of the system's history. Even if the mammalian eye had never been selected for, it would have the function of perceiving and processing light, because those are the effects that contribute to the exercise of the visual system. The systemic approach to conceptualizing natural norms, claims Davies, is superior to the historical approach in several important ways. Especially significant is that it helps us understand how the attribution of functions within the life sciences coheres with the methods and ontology of the natural sciences generally.

Naturalism and Subjectivism

Author : Marvin Farber
Publisher : State University of New York Press
ISBN 13 : 1438402309
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis Naturalism and Subjectivism by : Marvin Farber

Download or read book Naturalism and Subjectivism written by Marvin Farber and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 1959-06-30 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will assist readers of philosophical literature to understand and to appraise a large section of the controversial philosophical thought of our time. The central theme is the conflict between naturalism and idealism. The idealist philosophy is considered in its historical outcome of subjectivism, as developed in the phenomenological movement. The use of phenomenology is discussed as a general philosophy, as well as with respect to representative philosophies of human existence. The naturalistic view of experience as represented by Dewey is contrasted with the subjectivistic treatment of "pure" experience which is taken to be somehow "prior" to nature.

Nietzsche's Naturalism

Author : Christian Emden
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107059631
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Nietzsche's Naturalism by : Christian Emden

Download or read book Nietzsche's Naturalism written by Christian Emden and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-05-29 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines Nietzsche's philosophical naturalism both historically and philosophically, establishing a link between his discussions of nature and normativity.

Naturalism and Our Knowledge of Reality

Author : Dr R Scott Smith
Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
ISBN 13 : 1409481735
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Naturalism and Our Knowledge of Reality by : Dr R Scott Smith

Download or read book Naturalism and Our Knowledge of Reality written by Dr R Scott Smith and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2013-06-28 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophical naturalism is taken to be the preferred and reigning epistemology and metaphysics that underwrites many ideas and knowledge claims. But what if we cannot know reality on that basis? What if the institution of science is threatened by its reliance on naturalism? R. Scott Smith argues in a fresh way that we cannot know reality on the basis of naturalism. Moreover, the "fact-value" split has failed to serve our interests of wanting to know reality. The author provocatively argues that since we can know reality, it must be due to a non-naturalistic ontology, best explained by the fact that human knowers are made and designed by God. The book offers fresh implications for the testing of religious truth-claims, science, ethics, education, and public policy. Consequently, naturalism and the fact-value split are shown to be false, and Christian theism is shown to be true.