Muslim Reformers In Iran And Turkey

Download Muslim Reformers In Iran And Turkey full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Muslim Reformers In Iran And Turkey ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Muslim Reformers in Iran and Turkey

Author : Günes Murat Tezcür
Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 0292721978
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (927 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Muslim Reformers in Iran and Turkey by : Günes Murat Tezcür

Download or read book Muslim Reformers in Iran and Turkey written by Günes Murat Tezcür and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2010-06-15 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moderation theory describes the process through which radical political actors develop commitments to electoral competition, political pluralism, human rights, and rule of law and come to prefer negotiation, reconciliation, and electoral politics over provocation, confrontation, and contentious action. Revisiting this theory through an examination of two of the most prominent moderate Islamic political forces in recent history, Muslim Reformers in Iran and Turkey analyzes the gains made and methods implemented by the Reform Front in the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Justice and Development Party in Turkey. Both of these groups represent Muslim reformers who came into continual conflict with unelected adversaries who attempted to block their reformist agendas. Based on extensive field research in both locales, Muslim Reformers in Iran and Turkey argues that behavioral moderation as practiced by these groups may actually inhibit democratic progress. Political scientist Güneş Murat Tezcür observes that the ability to implement conciliatory tactics, organize electoral parties, and make political compromises impeded democracy when pursued by the Reform Front and the Justice and Development Party. Challenging conventional wisdom, Tezcür's findings have broad implications for the dynamics of democratic progress.

Muslim Reformers in Iran and Turkey

Author : Günes Murat Tezcür
Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 0292773633
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (927 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Muslim Reformers in Iran and Turkey by : Günes Murat Tezcür

Download or read book Muslim Reformers in Iran and Turkey written by Günes Murat Tezcür and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2010-05-01 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moderation theory describes the process through which radical political actors develop commitments to electoral competition, political pluralism, human rights, and rule of law and come to prefer negotiation, reconciliation, and electoral politics over provocation, confrontation, and contentious action. Revisiting this theory through an examination of two of the most prominent moderate Islamic political forces in recent history, Muslim Reformers in Iran and Turkey analyzes the gains made and methods implemented by the Reform Front in the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Justice and Development Party in Turkey. Both of these groups represent Muslim reformers who came into continual conflict with unelected adversaries who attempted to block their reformist agendas. Based on extensive field research in both locales, Muslim Reformers in Iran and Turkey argues that behavioral moderation as practiced by these groups may actually inhibit democratic progress. Political scientist Güneş Murat Tezcür observes that the ability to implement conciliatory tactics, organize electoral parties, and make political compromises impeded democracy when pursued by the Reform Front and the Justice and Development Party. Challenging conventional wisdom, Tezcür's findings have broad implications for the dynamics of democratic progress.

Revolutionaries and Reformers

Author : Barry Rubin
Publisher : State University of New York Press
ISBN 13 : 0791487393
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (914 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Revolutionaries and Reformers by : Barry Rubin

Download or read book Revolutionaries and Reformers written by Barry Rubin and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2012-02-01 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Islamist movements seeking power today are faced with difficult choices regarding strategy, ranging from armed struggle to electoral efforts. An emerging alternative consists of a rethinking of Islamist politics, where the goal of a "totally Islamic" polity would be abandoned in favor of some form of Islamic-oriented society. In this reformulation, Islamist politics would function as a pressure group to make society more Islamic, reinforcing the walls of semi-separate internal communities and reinterpreting Islam in more liberal ways. The September 11, 2001 terror attack on the United States, however, demonstrates that the radical approach remains attractive to many Islamists. Addressing these issues, the contributors look at the countries where Islamist movements have been most important. Case studies of revolutionary and reformist groups are followed by chapters discussing future alternatives for Islamist politics, presenting arguments both advocating and critical of a potential liberal, reformist, interest-group Islamism.

From Religious Empires to Secular States

Author : Birol Başkan
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317802047
Total Pages : 219 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (178 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis From Religious Empires to Secular States by : Birol Başkan

Download or read book From Religious Empires to Secular States written by Birol Başkan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-03-26 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1920s and the 1930s, Turkey, Iran and Russia vehemently pursued state-secularizing reforms, but adopted different strategies in doing so. But why do states follow different secularizing strategies? The literature has already shattered the illusion that secularization of the state has been a unilinear, homogeneous and universal process, and has convincingly shown that secularization of the state has unfolded along different paths. Much, however, remains to be uncovered. This book provides an in-depth comparative historical analysis of state secularization in three major Eurasian countries: Turkey, Iran and Russia. To capture the aforementioned variation in state secularization across three countries that have been hitherto analyzed as separate studies, Birol Başkan adopts three modes of state secularization: accommodationism, separationism and eradicationism. Focusing thematically on the changing relations between the state and religious institutions, Başkan brings together a host of factors, historical, strategic and structural, to account for why Turkey adopted accommodationism, Iran separationism and Russia eradicationism. In doing so, he expertly demonstrates that each secularization strategy was a rational response to the strategic context the reformers found themselves in.

The State and the Subaltern

Author : Touraj Atabaki
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780755609840
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (98 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The State and the Subaltern by : Touraj Atabaki

Download or read book The State and the Subaltern written by Touraj Atabaki and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In the 1920s Turkey and Iran faced political upheaval as both states attempted to find their routes to modernity. This is the first study to observe the practice of modernization in Turkey and Iran not only from above, by examining the measures adopted by the political regimes of the late Ottomans, Atatürk and Reza Shah, but also from below, exploring how different social levels contributed to the drive for modernity. It is a full and thorough analysis of how these societies reacted to reform and change. The efforts of nineteenth-century and early-twentieth-century reformers did not protect either country from the challenges of the separatism of minorities or from occupation by European powers. The setback that the Iranian Constitutional Movement suffered in the years before the outbreak of the First World War; the political disintegration and partial occupation of Persia during the war; the traumatic loss of the European provinces of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkan War and its subsequent defeat in World War I; the threat of imminent disintegration after the war - all of these represented enormous problems for the order of these two countries. The middle classes and the intelligentsia of each state felt they had no other option than to look for a man of order who would modernize their nations and societies and install centralized, powerful government capable of solving each country's growing problems of underdevelopment, while at the same time safeguarding each nation's unity and sovereignty. The practice of authoritarian modernization in post-World War I Turkey and Iran resulted from the perceived failure of earlier attempts to introduce modernization both from below as well as from above in these two neighbouring countries. The State and the Subaltern offers a fresh perspective on the accommodation and resistance to modernization and the relation between the common people and the state in two Islamic societies during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It is a fascinating exploration of the history of subalterns - the rank and file of society - with specific reference to gender, ethnicity, industrial and non-industrial urban labour, rural labour, unemployment and the impact of immigrant labour."--Bloomsbury Publishing.

Iran and Turkey

Author : Marianna Charountaki
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1786733803
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (867 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Iran and Turkey by : Marianna Charountaki

Download or read book Iran and Turkey written by Marianna Charountaki and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-03-30 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The foreign policies of Turkey and Iran seem increasingly to dictate the course of events in the Middle East. More recently, and especially following the Syrian crisis, the spotlight has turned to these states' dynamic re-entry onto the political stage, revealing them as key players with an international role in efforts towards the balance of power across the region. This book traces the major determinants of Turkish and Iranian foreign policies and their influence on events in the Middle East. Based on an examination of these states' politics and policies since 1979, and using material gathered from interviews with leading political figures from Turkey, Iran and the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, Marianna Charountaki offers fresh insights into how we understand the contemporary global order. Of particular importance, this book shows, is the effect of both external and internal factors on foreign policy and how the interaction between state and non-state actors informs political decisions. In placing these issues in a theoretical framework, Marianna Charountaki pioneers a new conceptual map within International Relations. An interdisciplinary study that provides a fresh new perspective, this book will be of particular interest to scholars of International Relations, Politics, Foreign Policy, Kurdish and Middle East Studies.

Political Participation in Iran from Khatami to the Green Movement

Author : Paola Rivetti
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030322017
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Political Participation in Iran from Khatami to the Green Movement by : Paola Rivetti

Download or read book Political Participation in Iran from Khatami to the Green Movement written by Paola Rivetti and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-26 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the unintended consequences of top-down reforms in Iran, analysing how the Iranian reformist governments (1997–2005) sought to utilise gradual reforms to control independent activism, and how citizens responded to such a disciplinary action. While the governments successfully ‘set the field’ of permitted political participation, part of the civil society that took shape was unexpectedly independent. Despite being a minority, independent activists were not marginal: without them, in fact, the Green Movement of 2009 would not have taken shape. Building on in-depth empirical analysis, the author explains how autonomous activism forms and survives in a semi-authoritarian country. The book contributes to the debate about the implications of elite-led reforms for social reproduction, offering an innovative interpretation and an original analysis of social movements from a political science perspective.

Exploring Emotions in Turkey-Iran Relations

Author : Mehmet Akif Kumral
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030390292
Total Pages : 375 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Exploring Emotions in Turkey-Iran Relations by : Mehmet Akif Kumral

Download or read book Exploring Emotions in Turkey-Iran Relations written by Mehmet Akif Kumral and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-15 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores emotional-affective implications of partnership and rivalry in Turkey-Iran relations. The main proposition of this research underlines the theoretical need to reconnect psycho-social conceptualizations of “emotionality,” “affectivity,” “normativity,” and “relationality.” By combining key theoretical findings, the book offers a holistic conceptual framework to better analyze emotional-affective configuration of relational rules and roles in trans-governmental neighborhood interactions. The empirical chapters look at four consecutive periods extending from the end of First World War (November 1918) to the resuscitation of US sanctions against Iran (November 2018). In each episode, global-regional contours and dyadic dynamics of Ankara-Tehran relationship are examined critically. The century-long history of emotional entanglements and affective arrangements exposes complex patterning of “feeling rules.” Two countervailing constellations still reign over relational narratives. While the 1514 Çaldıran war myth reproduces sectarian resentment and confrontational climate, the 1639 Kasr-ı Şirin peace story reconstructs secular sympathy and collaborative atmosphere in Turkish-Iranian affairs.

What is Iran?

Author : Arshin Adib-Moghaddam
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108956645
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (89 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis What is Iran? by : Arshin Adib-Moghaddam

Download or read book What is Iran? written by Arshin Adib-Moghaddam and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-25 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Iran? What are its domestic politics? Its history? Its international relations? Here, Arshin Adib-Moghaddam sheds fresh light on these questions, offering a general introduction to everything there is to know about this country. Uniquely, he uses musical pieces as a way to offer a holistic understanding of the full spectrum of Iranian affairs. As a result, even the general reader is invited to traverse a wide array of topics in an interactive format which merges approaches from the social sciences with philosophy, poetry and art. These topics include a variety of themes, issues and personalities: from Trump, Khomeini, the Shah, Saddam Hussein and Qasem Soleimani, to Israel, Syria, Latin America, China and the Gulf monarchies. Ultimately, this book demonstrates in clear and accessible prose the impact of Iranian politics on a global scale, and offers solutions to the various crises enveloping the country in the region and beyond.

Democracy, Islam, & Secularism in Turkey

Author : Ahmet Kuru
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231159323
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (311 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Democracy, Islam, & Secularism in Turkey by : Ahmet Kuru

Download or read book Democracy, Islam, & Secularism in Turkey written by Ahmet Kuru and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2012-02-14 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While Turkey has grown as a world power, promoting the image of a progressive and stable nation, several policy choices have strained its relationship with the East and the West. Providing social, historical, and religious context for Turkey's singular behavior, the essays in Democracy, Islam, and Secularism in Turkey examine issues relevant to Turkish debates and global concerns, from the state's position on religion and diversity to its involvement in the European Union. Written by experts in a range of disciplines, the chapters explore the Ottoman toleration of diversity during its classical period; the erosion of ethno-religious diversity in modern, pre-democratic times; Kemalism and its role in modernization and nation building; the changing political strategies of the military; and the effect of possible EU membership on domestic reforms. They also conduct a cross-Continental comparison of "multiple secularisms" as well as political parties, considering the Justice and Development Party in Turkey in relation to Christian Democratic parties in Europe. The contributors tackle central research questions, such as what is the legacy of the Ottoman Empire's ethno-religious plurality and how can Turkey's assertive secularism be softened to allow greater space for religious actors. They address the military's "guardian" role in Turkey's secularism, the implications of recent constitutional amendments for democratization, and the consequences and benefits of Islamic activism's presence within a democratic system. No other collection confronts Turkey's contemporary evolution so vividly and thoroughly or offers such expert analysis of its crucial social and political systems.

Democracy or Authoritarianism

Author : Sebnem Gumuscu
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009187961
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Democracy or Authoritarianism by : Sebnem Gumuscu

Download or read book Democracy or Authoritarianism written by Sebnem Gumuscu and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-03-16 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first Islamist parties to come to power through democratic means in the Muslim world were those in Turkey, Tunisia, and Egypt. The Justice and Development Party (AKP) won the 2002 election in Turkey, and Ennahda (Renaissance Party) in Tunisia and the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt were both elected in the wake of the Arab uprisings of 2010/11. Yet only Ennahda could be said to have fulfilled its democratic promise, with both the Turkish and Egyptian governments reverting to authoritarianism. Drawing upon extensive fieldwork in three countries, Sebnem Gumuscu explains why some Islamist governments adhered to democratic principles and others took an authoritarian turn following electoral success. Using accessible language, Gumuscu clearly introduces key theories and considers how intra-party affairs impacted each party's commitment to democracy. Through a comparative lens, Gumuscu identifies broader trends in Islamist governments and explains the complex web of internal dynamics that led political parties either to advance or subvert democracy.

Religious Statecraft

Author : Mohammad Ayatollahi Tabaar
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231545061
Total Pages : 395 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Religious Statecraft by : Mohammad Ayatollahi Tabaar

Download or read book Religious Statecraft written by Mohammad Ayatollahi Tabaar and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-08 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1979 revolution, scholars and policy makers alike have tended to see Iranian political actors as religiously driven—dedicated to overturning the international order in line with a theologically prescribed outlook. This provocative book argues that such views have the link between religious ideology and political order in Iran backwards. Religious Statecraft examines the politics of Islam, rather than political Islam, to achieve a new understanding of Iranian politics and its ideological contradictions. Mohammad Ayatollahi Tabaar traces half a century of shifting Islamist doctrines against the backdrop of Iran’s factional and international politics, demonstrating that religious narratives in Iran can change rapidly, frequently, and dramatically in accordance with elites’ threat perceptions. He argues that the Islamists’ gambit to capture the state depended on attaining a monopoly over the use of religious narratives. Tabaar explains how competing political actors strategically develop and deploy Shi’a-inspired ideologies to gain credibility, constrain political rivals, and raise mass support. He also challenges readers to rethink conventional wisdom regarding the revolution, Ayatollah Khomeini, the U.S. embassy hostage crisis, the Iran-Iraq War, the Green Movement, nuclear politics, and U.S.–Iran relations. Based on a micro-level analysis of postrevolutionary Iranian media and recently declassified documents as well as theological journals and political memoirs, Religious Statecraft constructs a new picture of Iranian politics in which power drives Islamist ideology.

Islamism, Crisis and Democratization

Author : Hussein Solomon
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030228495
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Islamism, Crisis and Democratization by : Hussein Solomon

Download or read book Islamism, Crisis and Democratization written by Hussein Solomon and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-08-22 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book systematically assesses the value systems of active Muslims around the globe. Based on a multivariate analysis of recent World Values Survey data, it sheds new light on Muslim opinions and values in countries such as Indonesia, Iran, Tunisia, Egypt and Turkey. Due to a lack of democratic traditions, sluggish economic growth, escalating religiously motivated violence, and dissatisfaction with ruling elites in many Muslim countries, the authors identify a crisis and return to conservative values in the Muslim world, including anti-Semitism, religious and sexual intolerance, and views on democracy and secularism, business and economic matters. Based on these observations, they offer recommendations for policymakers and civil societies in Muslim countries on how to move towards tolerance, greater democratization and more rapid economic growth.

The Fall of the Turkish Model

Author : Cihan Tugal
Publisher : Verso Books
ISBN 13 : 1784783323
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (847 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Fall of the Turkish Model by : Cihan Tugal

Download or read book The Fall of the Turkish Model written by Cihan Tugal and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2016-02-23 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brief rise and precipitous fall of “Islamic liberalism” Just a few short years ago, the “Turkish Model” was being hailed across the world. The New York Times gushed that prime minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan and his Justice and Development Party (AKP) had “effectively integrated Islam, democracy, and vibrant economics,” making Turkey, according to the International Crisis Group, “the envy of the Arab world.” And yet, a more recent CNN headline wondered if Erdogan had become a "dictator.” In this incisive analysis, Cihan Tugal argues that the problem with this model of Islamic liberalism is much broader and deeper than Erdogan’s increasing authoritarianism. The problems are inherent in the very model of Islamic liberalism that formed the basis of the AKP's ascendancy and rule since 2002—an intended marriage of neoliberalism and democracy. And this model can also only be understood as a response to regional politics—especially as a response to the “Iranian Model”—a marriage of corporatism and Islamic revolution. The Turkish model was a failure in its home country, and the dynamics of the Arab world made it a tough commodity to export. Tugal’s masterful explication of the demise of Islamic liberalism brings in Egypt and Tunisia, once seen as the most likely followers of the Turkish model, and provides a path-breaking examination of their regimes and Islamist movements, as well as paradigm-shifting accounts of Turkey and Iran.

EU Influence Beyond Conditionality

Author : Mario Zucconi
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030255603
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis EU Influence Beyond Conditionality by : Mario Zucconi

Download or read book EU Influence Beyond Conditionality written by Mario Zucconi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an in-depth analysis of the role played by the EU accession process in Turkey’s democratic evolution and in the empowerment of the Justice and Development Party (AKP) in the early 2000s. Often moving against the grain of consolidated analytical positions, the author finds that the accession process can have a critical impact on the political evolution and institutional setting of an aspiring member state that goes well beyond the simple Europeanization process (or EU accession conditionality). In the case of Turkey, that process created the essential conditions and environment for the country’s political modernization by helping the emergence of a “periphery” (including Kurds, “conservative” Muslims and non-Muslims) that secularism had pushed into a marginal, secondary status in Turkish society. Turkey’s gradual evolution in an authoritarian direction, following the stalling of the EU accession process, offers further proof of the decisive role that the EU accession can play in a country’s democratic advancement. The book additionally indicates how Turkey’s EU-driven democratic evolution for a number of years had important implications in terms of regional and global order.

The Routledge Handbook to Religion and Political Parties

Author : Jeffrey Haynes
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351012452
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook to Religion and Political Parties by : Jeffrey Haynes

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook to Religion and Political Parties written by Jeffrey Haynes and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-11-28 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As religion and politics become ever more intertwined, relationships between religion and political parties are of increasing global political significance. This handbook responds to that development, providing important results of current research involving religion and politics, focusing on: democratisation, democracy, party platform formation, party moderation and secularisation, social constituency representation and interest articulation. Covering core issues, new debates, and country case studies, the handbook provides a comprehensive overview of fundamentals and new directions in the subject. Adopting a comparative approach, it examines the relationships between religion and political parties in a variety of contexts, regions and countries with a focus on Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Judaism and Hinduism. Contributions cover such topics as: religion, secularisation and modernisation; religious fundamentalism and terrorism; the role of religion in conflict resolution and peacebuilding; religion and its connection to state, democratisation and democracy; and regional case studies covering Asia, the Americas, Europe, Sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East and North Africa. This comprehensive handbook provides crucial information for students, researchers and professionals researching the topics of politics, religion, comparative politics, secularism, religious movements, political parties and interest groups, and religion and sociology.

The Masks of the Political God

Author : Luca Ozzano
Publisher : ECPR Press
ISBN 13 : 1785523384
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (855 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Masks of the Political God by : Luca Ozzano

Download or read book The Masks of the Political God written by Luca Ozzano and published by ECPR Press. This book was released on 2020-08-31 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the influence of religion on political parties and party politics in contemporary democracies. To do so, it compares five cases of democracies belonging to different geographic-cultural areas, and marked by different religious majorities: India, Israel, Italy, Turkey, and the US. The time span of the analysis is the period between 1980 (year which can be conventionally regarded as a turning point for the return of religion in the public and the political spheres at the global level), and the present day. Unlike most works on religion and parties, this book does not simply take into account officially "religious" parties, but all "religiously oriented parties" (with an influence of religion on party manifestos, constituencies and/or factions) even if they are officially secular. The theoretical framework is provided by the "cleavages theory", which considers some relevant traumatic social events as the origin of specific kinds (or families) of political parties; and by a typology of religiously oriented parties dividing them into five categories: conservative, fundamentalist, progressive, nationalist, and camp party.