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Muon Induced Backgrounds In The Dm Ice17 Naiti Dark Matter Detector
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Book Synopsis Muon-induced Backgrounds in the DM-Ice17 NaI(TI) Dark Matter Detector by :
Download or read book Muon-induced Backgrounds in the DM-Ice17 NaI(TI) Dark Matter Detector written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The DM-Ice experiment uses NaI(Tl) to directly search for the annual modulation expected from a WIMP dark matter signal. The DAMA NaI(Tl) experiment has observed a modulation, consistent with dark matter, that has been excluded by other experiments. No background model has been able to successfully explain the DAMA signal. To definitely confirm or deny the dark matter interpretation of this modulation, a NaI(Tl) experiment with different backgrounds must be run. Detecting this modulation requires the observation of rare, single-keV nuclear recoil signals. DM-Ice17, the first of three generations of detectors in the DM-Ice experiment, has run with 17 kg of NaI(Tl) in the South Pole ice since December 2010. DM-Ice17 has proved the feasibility of running such an experiment in the South Pole ice. DM-Ice17 continues to take data while R&D is underway with the second-generation DM-Ice37 detector. Once background levels ideal for a WIMP search are achieved, the full-scale, 250kg DM-Ice250 detector will be commissioned. As a direct detection dark matter experiment in the Southern Hemisphere, the full-scale experiment will have a unique capability to disentangle the WIMP modulation from seasonal variations. This work focuses on the data analysis of the DM-Ice17 detector, with particular emphasis on muon- induced backgrounds. Muons, identified by their energy deposition and pulse shape, are observed by DM- Ice17 to modulate annually with a 14% fractional amplitude. The highest energy muon events in the crystal induce a long-lived phosphorescence. When this occurs, the detector rate rises significantly, and a cascade of low energy events appears over tens of seconds. The possible contribution of these events to dark matter searches in NaI(Tl) is explored. DM-Ice17 is located within the volume of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, allowing the analysis of events coincident between the two detectors. These events validate the DM-Ice17 muon tag and provide a novel confirmation of the reported resolution of IceCube reconstructions. They provide additional information that is particularly useful for low energy events in IceCube. This study is particularly relevant given the growing interest in the deployment of scintillators with PINGU. In this thesis, I present an overview of dark matter theory (Chapter 1) and candidates (Chapter 2), followed by the current status of the experimental dark matter field (Chapter 3). Special emphasis is given to NaI(Tl) dark matter experiments and their development. The mechanics of scintillation are discussed (Chapter 4), including the nature of long-lived phosphorescence, followed by a description of DM-Ice (Chapter 5). The data analysis of DM-Ice17 is discussed (Chapter 6), with particular attention given to the energy calibration. The muon and muon-induced backgrounds in DM-Ice17 are presented (Chapter 7), including details of the observed modulation and muon-induced phosphorescence in the low energy region. The observation of muon events coincident with IceCube is discussed (Chapter 8), and finally the status of DM-Ice37 detector (Chapter 9) and the conclusions from the DM-Ice17 detector (Chapter 10) are presented.
Book Synopsis Study of Muon-Induced Background in Direct Dark Matter and Other Rare Event Searches by : Michael Bauer
Download or read book Study of Muon-Induced Background in Direct Dark Matter and Other Rare Event Searches written by Michael Bauer and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Simulations of the Muon-induced Neutron Background of the EDELWEISS-II Experiment for Dark Matter Search by : Oliver Markus Horn
Download or read book Simulations of the Muon-induced Neutron Background of the EDELWEISS-II Experiment for Dark Matter Search written by Oliver Markus Horn and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis First Search for a Dark Matter Annual Modulation Signal with NaI(Tl) in the Southern Hemisphere by DM-Ice17 by :
Download or read book First Search for a Dark Matter Annual Modulation Signal with NaI(Tl) in the Southern Hemisphere by DM-Ice17 written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first search for a dark matter annual modulation signal with NaI(Tl) target material in the Southern Hemisphere conducted with the DM-Ice17 experiment is presented. DM-Ice17 consists of 17 kg of NaI(Tl) scintillating crystal under 2200 m.w.e. overburden of Antarctic glacial ice. The analysis presented here utilizes a 60.8 kg yr exposure. While unable to exclude the signal reported by DAMA/LIBRA, the DM-Ice17 data are consistent with no modulation in the energy range of 4-20 keV, providing the strongest limits on WIMP candidates from a direct detection experiment located in the Southern Hemisphere. Additionally, the successful deployment and stable operation of 17 kg of NaI(Tl) crystal over 3.5 years establishes the South Pole ice as a viable location for future underground, low-background experiments.
Book Synopsis Search for Dark Matter with EDELWEISS-III Excluding Background from Muon-induced Neutrons by : Cécile Kéfélian
Download or read book Search for Dark Matter with EDELWEISS-III Excluding Background from Muon-induced Neutrons written by Cécile Kéfélian and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The ORPHEUS Dark Matter Detector: a Muon Background Study and a Possible Sensitivity Improvement by : Pascal Wicht
Download or read book The ORPHEUS Dark Matter Detector: a Muon Background Study and a Possible Sensitivity Improvement written by Pascal Wicht and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Study on Neutron-induced Background in the Dark Matter Experiment CRESST by : Hesti R. T. Wulandari
Download or read book Study on Neutron-induced Background in the Dark Matter Experiment CRESST written by Hesti R. T. Wulandari and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Muon-induced Backgrounds in the CUORICINO Experiment by :
Download or read book Muon-induced Backgrounds in the CUORICINO Experiment written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To better understand the contribution of cosmic ray muons to the CUORICINO background, ten plastic scintillator detectors were installed at the CUORICINO siteand operated during the final 3 months of the experiment. From these measurements, an upper limit of 0.0021 counts/(keV.kg.yr) (95percent c.l.) was obtained on the cosmicray induced background in the neutrinoless double beta decay region of interest. The measurements were also compared to Geant4 simulations.
Book Synopsis Muon-induced Backgrounds in the Double Chooz Neutrino Oscillation Experiment by :
Download or read book Muon-induced Backgrounds in the Double Chooz Neutrino Oscillation Experiment written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutrino oscillation is a phenomenon that occurs due to mixing between neutrino mass and flavor eigenstates. These oscillations are described by a mixing matrix, the smallest angle of which, [theta]13, remained unmeasured until recently, with the development of a new generation of reactor neutrino oscillation experiments, of which Double Chooz is one. The detection of neutrinos in such experiments is assailed by several types of backgrounds, which are caused by muons traversing in or near the detector, and which may degrade the sensitivity of the [theta]13 measurement. This thesis describes several techniques for vetoing these backgrounds, including hardware systems constructed to efficiently detect muons and veto their resulting events, and targeted software vetoes designed to cut background events. We additionally describe methods to measure the rate and spectrum of the background events remaining after vetoes have been applied. The background-reduced analysis results in a measurement of sin22[theta]13 = 0.091 +0.029-0.032.
Book Synopsis A Study of Nuclear Recoil Backgrounds in Dark Matter Detectors by :
Download or read book A Study of Nuclear Recoil Backgrounds in Dark Matter Detectors written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the great success of the Standard Model of particle physics, a preponderance of astrophysical evidence suggests that it cannot explain most of the matter in the universe. This so-called dark matter has eluded direct detection, though many theoretical extensions to the Standard Model predict the existence of particles with a mass on the $1-1000$ GeV scale that interact only via the weak nuclear force. Particles in this class are referred to as Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), and their high masses and low scattering cross sections make them viable dark matter candidates. The rarity of WIMP-nucleus interactions makes them challenging to detect: any background can mask the signal they produce. Background rejection is therefore a major problem in dark matter detection. Many experiments greatly reduce their backgrounds by employing techniques to reject electron recoils. However, nuclear recoil backgrounds, which produce signals similar to what we expect from WIMPs, remain problematic. There are two primary sources of such backgrounds: surface backgrounds and neutron recoils. Surface backgrounds result from radioactivity on the inner surfaces of the detector sending recoiling nuclei into the detector. These backgrounds can be removed with fiducial cuts, at some cost to the experiment's exposure. In this dissertation we briefly discuss a novel technique for rejecting these events based on signals they make in the wavelength shifter coating on the inner surfaces of some detectors. Neutron recoils result from neutrons scattering from nuclei in the detector. These backgrounds may produce a signal identical to what we expect from WIMPs and are extensively discussed here. We additionally present a new tool for calculating ($\alpha$, n)yields in various materials. We introduce the concept of a neutron veto system designed to shield against, measure, and provide an anti-coincidence veto signal for background neutrons. We discuss the research and development that informed the design of the DarkSide-50 boron-loaded liquid scintillator neutron veto. We describe the specific implementation of this veto system in DarkSide-50, including a description of its performance, and show that it can reject neutrons with a high enough e_ciency to allow DarkSide-50 to run background-free for three years.
Book Synopsis Optimal Substrate for Direct Detection of Light Dark Matter by : To Chin Yu
Download or read book Optimal Substrate for Direct Detection of Light Dark Matter written by To Chin Yu and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The topic of dark matter (DM) and its possible interaction with ordinary matter has occupied the central stage of the field of particle physics in recent decades. One line of research attempts to directly detect such interaction in a controlled lab environment with extremely sensitive (and in some cases even quantum-limited) sensors. SuperCDMS is one such experiment that utilizes transition-edge sensors (TES) fabricated on large silicon or germanium crystals cooled to cryogenic temperatures (around 50 mK). Silicon and germanium are typically used as the substrate material since they are cost-efficient and well-understood. Numerous alternative substrates have been proposed over the years but these novel substrates are often complex and difficult/costly to grow or make. In other cases they may require significant improvement in detector technology in order to work as intended. As such silicon and germanium remain the dominant substrate material in DM direct detection experiments. Expanding the repertoire of substrate materials is valuable. It can lead to better sensitivity to DM interactions, and a higher degree of material complementarity across different detectors and experiments. The latter point is especially important as we move deeper into the low mass region and look for lighter and lighter DM particles. We can begin to encounter backgrounds caused by non-perturbative many-body effects that are highly material-specific. Having substrates of different materials operating under similar conditions provides information about the nature of such backgrounds as we can compare the response in different materials to break any potential degeneracy not resolved by just having silicon and germanium. The work presented in this thesis is an attempt to systematically survey and understand the various solid state physics pertinent to the DM direct detection, and as application suggest criteria for the optimal substrate material to be used for various interaction channels. Towards the end of this work we will present concrete examples of substrates that can potentially be used in the next generation of DM detection experiments.
Book Synopsis Can Muon-induced Backgrounds Explain the DAMA Data?. by :
Download or read book Can Muon-induced Backgrounds Explain the DAMA Data?. written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Huguenot Society of America Membership Application of Joseph N. Wright of Trenton, New Jersey, Descendant of Isaac Garnee by :
Download or read book Huguenot Society of America Membership Application of Joseph N. Wright of Trenton, New Jersey, Descendant of Isaac Garnee written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
