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Multiple Event Fuel Injection And Emission Investigations In A Low Temperature Combustion Regime Using A Small Bore Diesel Engine
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Book Synopsis Multiple-event Fuel Injection and Emission Investigations in a Low Temperature Combustion Regime Using a Small Bore Diesel Engine by : Chad Palmer Koci
Download or read book Multiple-event Fuel Injection and Emission Investigations in a Low Temperature Combustion Regime Using a Small Bore Diesel Engine written by Chad Palmer Koci and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigation of Transient Emissions and Mixed Mode Combustion for a Light Duty Diesel Engine by : Jonathan L. Burton
Download or read book Investigation of Transient Emissions and Mixed Mode Combustion for a Light Duty Diesel Engine written by Jonathan L. Burton and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Diesel Combustion and Emissions by : Society of Automotive Engineers
Download or read book Diesel Combustion and Emissions written by Society of Automotive Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of Low Temperature Combustion Modes to Reduce Overall Emissions from a Medium-duty, Four Cylinder Diesel Engine by : Jonathan Robert Breen
Download or read book Development of Low Temperature Combustion Modes to Reduce Overall Emissions from a Medium-duty, Four Cylinder Diesel Engine written by Jonathan Robert Breen and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low temperature combustion (LTC) is an appealing new method of combustion that promises low nitric oxides and soot emissions while maintaining or improving on engine performance. The three main points of this study were to develop and validate an engine model in GT-Power capable of implementing LTC, to study parametrically exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and injection timing effects on performance and emissions, and to investigate methods to decrease pressure rise rates during LTC operation. The model was validated at nine different operating points, 3 speeds and 3 loads, while the parametric studies were conducted on 6 of the 9 operating points, 3 speeds and 2 loads. The model consists of sections that include: cylinders, ports, intake and exhaust manifolds, EGR system, and turbocharger. For this model, GT-Power calculates the combustion using a multi-zone, quasi-dimensional model and a knock-induced combustion model. The main difference between them is that the multi-zone model is directly injected while the knock model is port injected. A variety of sub models calculate the fluid flow and heat transfer. A parametric study varying the EGR and the injection timing to determine the optimal combination was conducted using the multi-zone model while a parametric study that just varies EGR is carried out using the knock model. The first parametric study showed that the optimal EGR and injection timing combination for the low loads occurred at high levels of EGR (60 percent) and advanced injection timings (30 to 40 crank angle degrees before top dead center). The optimal EGR and injection timing combination for the high loads occurred at low levels of EGR (30 percent to 40 percent) and retarded injection timings (7.5 to 5 crank angle degrees before top dead center). The knock model determined that the ideal EGR ratio for homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) operation varied from 30 percent to 45 percent, depending on the operating condition. Three methods were investigated as possible ways to reduce pressure rise rates during LTC operation. The only feasible method was the multiple injection strategy which provided dramatically reduced pressure rise rates across all EGR levels and injection timings.
Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation of Multi-mode Diesel Engine Combustion and Validation of Advanced Combustion Models by : Satbir Singh
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Multi-mode Diesel Engine Combustion and Validation of Advanced Combustion Models written by Satbir Singh and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Experimental Investigation of Dual-injection Strategies on Diesel-methane Dual-fuel Low Temperature Combustion in a Single Cylinder Research Engine by : Aamir Sohail
Download or read book An Experimental Investigation of Dual-injection Strategies on Diesel-methane Dual-fuel Low Temperature Combustion in a Single Cylinder Research Engine written by Aamir Sohail and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present manuscript discusses the performance and emission benefits due to two diesel injections in diesel-ignited methane dual fuel Low Temperature Combustion (LTC). A Single Cylinder Research Engine (SCRE) adapted for diesel-ignited methane dual fuelling was operated at 1500 rev/min and 5 bar BMEP with 1.5 bar intake manifold pressure. The first injection was fixed at 310 CAD. A 2nd injection sweep timing was performed to determine the best 2nd injection timing (as 375 CAD) at a fixed Percentage Energy Substitution (PES 75%). The motivation to use a second late injection ATDC was to oxidize Unburnt Hydrocarbons (HC) generated from the dual fuel combustion of first injection. Finally, an injection pressure sweep (550-1300 bar) helped achieve simultaneous reduction of HC (56%) and CO (43%) emissions accompanied with increased IFCE (10%) and combustion efficiency (12%) w.r.t. the baseline single injection (at 310 CAD) of dual fuel LTC.
Book Synopsis Investigation Into the Emissions and Efficiency of Low Temperature Diesel Combustion by : Bryan M. Knight
Download or read book Investigation Into the Emissions and Efficiency of Low Temperature Diesel Combustion written by Bryan M. Knight and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As global focus shifts towards the health and conservation of the planet, greater importance is placed upon the hazardous emissions of our fossil fuels, as well as their finite supply. These two areas remain intense topics of research in order to reduce green house gas emissions and increase the fuel efficiency of our vehicles. A particular solution to this problem is the diesel engine, with its inherently fuel-lean combustion, which gives rise to low CO2 production and higher efficiencies than its gasoline counterpart. Diesel engines, however, typically exhibit higher nitrogen oxides (NOx [NOx equal NO plus NO2, where NO is nitric oxide and NO2 is nitrogen dioxide]) and soot. There exists the possibility to simultaneously reduce both emissions with the application of low temperature diesel combustion (LTC). While exhibiting great characteristics in simultaneous reductions in nitrogen oxides and soot, LTC faces challenges with higher carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, as well as penalties in fuel efficiency. The following study examines the characteristics of LTC which contribute to the differences in emissions and efficiency compared to typical conventional diesel combustion. More specifically, key engine parameters which are used to enable LTC, such as EGR and fuel pressure are swept through a full range to determine their effects on each combustion regime. Analysis will focus on comparing both combustion regimes to determine how exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and fuel pressure relate to lowering NO and smoke concentrations, and how these relate to a penalty in fuel efficiency. This study finds that the application of LTC is able to realize a 99 percent reduction in NO while simultaneously reducing smoke by 17 percent compared to the conventional combustion counterpart. Through a sweep increasing EGR, LTC is able to defeat the typical soot-- NO tradeoff; however, brake fuel conversion efficiency decreases 6.8 percent for LTC, while conventional combustion realizes a 4 percent increase in efficiency. The sweep of increasing fuel pressure confirms typical increases in NO and decreases in smoke for both LTC and conventional combustion; however, brake fuel conversion efficiency increases 2.3 percent for LTC and drops 4 percent for conventional combustion.
Book Synopsis Investigations of Advanced Injection and Combustion Strategies on DI Diesel Engine Performance and Emissions by : Raouf Mobasheri
Download or read book Investigations of Advanced Injection and Combustion Strategies on DI Diesel Engine Performance and Emissions written by Raouf Mobasheri and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main driving force behind this research was the need for cleaner and more efficient engines to meet the ever-increasing demands on the modern automobile's emissions. In recent years different studies have been carried out to analyze the combined effects of high-pressure injection, boost pressure, multiple injections, included spray angle and combustion chamber geometry. Though considerable research has shown these technologies can meet the low emission regulations, the careful optimization of the engine operating conditions is still required in order to get the full benefit of the different strategies. With these issues as motivation, the first important objective of this study was to gain a detailed understanding of the mechanisms through which fuel injection interacts with other engine parameters and influences diesel combustion and emissions, and hence to attempt to generalize the adoption of multiple injection strategies with regards to improving diesel engine performance. For this purpose, a modified parameter called "Homogeneity Factor of in-cylinder charge" (HF) was introduced and proposed as a new measure in combustion theory to analyze the combustion characteristics and air-fuel mixing process of diesel engines in more detail. The second part of this research builds upon a detail investigation on the included spray cone angle concept and explores further their use in conjunction with multiple-injection strategies in diesel engines. In addition, an investigation was performed in third phase of this research to analyze the effects of piston geometry on combustion, performance and exhaust emission characteristics. The results showed that employing a post-injection combined with a pilot injection results in reduced soot formation from diffusion combustion and enhances the soot oxidation process during the expansion stroke, resulting in decreased soot emissions, while the NOx concentration is maintained in low levels. It was also found that spray targeting is very effective for controlling the in-cylinder mixture distributions especially when it accompanied with advanced injection strategies. Moreover, the results confirmed that a narrower width of piston bowl has a higher unburned fuel air mixture region and hence results in higher soot emissions but with slightly larger piston surface area the optimum operating point could be obtained.
Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation of Transient Operation and Low Temperature Combustion in a Light Duty Diesel Engine by :
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Transient Operation and Low Temperature Combustion in a Light Duty Diesel Engine written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detailed and highly time resolved experimental measurements were used to characterize the effects of transient operation on the performance of a light duty diesel engine, and to identify the physical processes responsible for transient-specific combustion behavior. The engine response to transient events varied with the size and type of transition and the combustion strategy used, but the underlying processes were similar in all cases. Differences in the response rate of the fuel and air systems caused large variations in the equivalence ratio of the combustion charge during transient events. For moderate to low load conditions, this was primarily due to the discrepancy between the instantaneous intake air flow rate and the composition of the intake charge caused by storage of exhaust gas in the EGR system. This effect was particularly significant for early injection LTC operation due to higher EGR rates and greater dependence of combustion phasing on intake charge composition. Individual combustion cycles during transient events were compared to steady state operation at the same speed and load to quantify the differences in physical conditions. The greatest effect on combustion and emissions was due to differences in intake charge composition, which varied significantly between transient and steady state operation. The response time of the common rail pressure also contributed to transient behavior in situations where the target pressure varied with changes in speed or load. During larger load transitions, thermal inertia of the engine system had a significant effect on emissions, particularly UHC, but did not influence the combustion phasing or heat release rate. The characteristic rates of change of the charge gas, fluid, and physical component temperatures in response to speed or load transitions were much slower than those of other variables such as pressures or flow rates, and were consistent with concurrent variations in engine-out emissions levels. Numerous mechanisms by which thermal inertia could affect emissions formation were identified, including variation of the intake manifold charge gas temperature, in-cylinder heat transfer, and changing physical properties of the fuel.
Book Synopsis Investigations of Advanced Injection and Combustion Strategies in Low-emissions Diesel Engines by : Sage L. Kokjohn
Download or read book Investigations of Advanced Injection and Combustion Strategies in Low-emissions Diesel Engines written by Sage L. Kokjohn and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Optical Investigation of Multiple Injections for Unburned Hydrocarbon Emissions Reduction with Low-Temperature Combustion in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine by :
Download or read book Optical Investigation of Multiple Injections for Unburned Hydrocarbon Emissions Reduction with Low-Temperature Combustion in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Some Experiments in Connexion with the Injection and Combustion of Fuel-oil in Diesel Engines by : Charles John Hawkes
Download or read book Some Experiments in Connexion with the Injection and Combustion of Fuel-oil in Diesel Engines written by Charles John Hawkes and published by . This book was released on 1921 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Detailed Multi-Zone Thermodynamic Simulation For Direct-Injection Diesel Engine Combustion by : Xingyu Xue
Download or read book A Detailed Multi-Zone Thermodynamic Simulation For Direct-Injection Diesel Engine Combustion written by Xingyu Xue and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed multi-zone thermodynamic simulation has been developed for the direct-injection (DI) diesel engine combustion process. For the purpose of predicting heterogeneous type combustion systems, the model explores the formation of pre-ignition radicals, start of combustion, and eventual heat release. These mechanisms are described based on the current understanding and knowledge of the diesel engine combustion acquired through advanced laser-based diagnostics. Six zones are developed to take into account the surrounding bulk gas, liquid- and vapor-phase fuel, pre-ignition mixing, fuel-rich combustion products as well as the diffusion flame combustion products. A three-step phenomenological soot model and a nitric oxide emission model are applied based on where and when each of these reactions mainly occurs within the diesel fuel jet evolution process. The simulation is completed for a 4.5 liter, inline four-cylinder diesel engine for a range of operating conditions. Specifically, the engine possesses a compression ratio of 16.6, and has a bore and stroke of 106 and 127 mm. The results suggest that the simulation is able to accurately reproduce the fuel jet evolution and heat release process for conventional diesel engine combustion conditions. The soot and nitric oxide models are able to qualitatively predict the effects of various engine parameters on the engine-out emissions. In particular, the detailed thermodynamics and characteristics with respect to the combustion and emission formation processes are investigated for different engine speed/loads, injection pressures and timings, and EGR levels. The local thermodynamic properties and energy, mass distributions obtained from the simulation offer some fundamental insights into heterogeneous type combustion systems. The current work provides opportunities to better study and understand the diesel engine combustion and emission formation mechanisms for conventional diesel engine combustion modes. The flexible, low computational cost features of this simulation result in a convenient tool for conducting parametric studies, and benefits for engine control and diagnostics. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148225
Book Synopsis A Multi-zone Direct-injection Diesel Spray Combustion Model for Cycle Simulation Studies of Large-bore Engine Performance and Emissions by : Dohoy Jung
Download or read book A Multi-zone Direct-injection Diesel Spray Combustion Model for Cycle Simulation Studies of Large-bore Engine Performance and Emissions written by Dohoy Jung and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Characterization of Two-Stage Ignition Effects on Late Injection Low Temperature Combustion Using Biodiesel and Biodiesel Blends by : Brandon Tirrell Tompkins
Download or read book The Characterization of Two-Stage Ignition Effects on Late Injection Low Temperature Combustion Using Biodiesel and Biodiesel Blends written by Brandon Tirrell Tompkins and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first stage of ignition in saturated hydrocarbon fuels (in diesel combustion) is characterized as low temperature heat release (LTHR) or cool flame combustion. LTHR takes place as a series of isomerization reactions at temperatures from 600K to 900K, and is often detectable in HCCI, rapid compression machines, and early injection low temperature combustion (LTC). The experimental investigation presented attempts to determine the existence of LTHR behavior in late injection low temperature combustion in a medium duty diesel engine with both petroleum diesel and biodiesel fuels and to determine the influence of such behavior on LTC torque and emissions. Three experiments were performed to meet these objectives: the first studies two operating modes (conventional combustion with -8° after top dead center injection timing and 0% EGR and low temperature combustion with 0° after top dead center injection timing and nominally 42% EGR level) with standard petroleum diesel, palm biodiesel, and soy biodiesel; the second studies a sweep of EGR level from 0% to nominally 45% with petroleum diesel and palm biodiesel with a constant injection timing of 0° after top dead center. The third and final experiment utilized petroleum diesel, soy biodiesel, and blends from the two fuels (20 and 50% soy biodiesel) to see the influence of viscosity and density on LTHR. LTHR is apparent in all fuels' rates of heat release profiles at the LTC operating conditions. Diesel fuel LTC displays a longer and more intense LTHR phase. Lower amounts of LTHR in the palm biodiesel causes less sensitivity to EGR, less instability, and produces better torque and emission characteristics. Density and viscosity only change the shape of the LTHR duration, while cetane number or ignition quality affects the length of the LTHR duration. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155575
Author :American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Internal Combustion Engine Division. Spring Technical Conference Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :864 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the ... Spring Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division by : American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Internal Combustion Engine Division. Spring Technical Conference
Download or read book Proceedings of the ... Spring Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division written by American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Internal Combustion Engine Division. Spring Technical Conference and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation of Fuel-Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) Combustion Mode in a Multi-Cylinder, Light-Duty Diesel Engine by :
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Fuel-Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) Combustion Mode in a Multi-Cylinder, Light-Duty Diesel Engine written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experimental study was performed to provide the combustion and emission characteristics resulting from fuel-reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion mode utilizing dual-fuel approach in a light-duty, multi-cylinder diesel engine. In-cylinder fuel blending using port fuel injection of gasoline before intake valve opening (IVO) and early-cycle, direct injection of diesel fuel was used as the charge preparation and fuel blending strategy. In order to achieve the desired auto-ignition quality through the stratification of the fuel-air equivalence ratio (), blends of commercially available gasoline and diesel fuel were used. Engine experiments were performed at an engine speed of 2300rpm and an engine load of 4.3bar brake mean effective pressure (BMEP). It was found that significant reduction in both nitrogen oxide (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) was realized successfully through the RCCI combustion mode even without applying exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). However, high carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions were observed. The low combustion gas temperature during the expansion and exhaust processes seemed to be the dominant source of high CO emissions in the RCCI combustion mode. The high HC emissions during the RCCI combustion mode could be due to the increased combustion quenching layer thickness as well as the -stratification at the periphery of the combustion chamber. The slightly higher brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of the RCCI combustion mode was observed than the other combustion modes, such as the conventional diesel combustion (CDC) mode, and single-fuel, premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) combustion mode. The parametric study of the RCCI combustion mode revealed that the combustion phasing and/or the peak cylinder pressure rise rate of the RCCI combustion mode could be controlled by several physical parameters premixed ratio (rp), intake swirl intensity, and start of injection (SOI) timing of directly injected fuel unlike other low temperature combustion (LTC) strategies.
