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Mortality And The Provision Of Retirement Income
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Book Synopsis Mortality and the Provision of Retirement Income by : OECD
Download or read book Mortality and the Provision of Retirement Income written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2023-02-02 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report analyses the development of mortality assumptions to build mortality tables to better protect retirement income provision. Mortality assumptions are necessary to ensure the sustainability of lifetime incomes.
Author :Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Publisher : ISBN 13 :9789264380141 Total Pages :0 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (81 download)
Book Synopsis Mortality and the Provision of Retirement Income by : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Download or read book Mortality and the Provision of Retirement Income written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by . This book was released on 2023-02-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report analyses the development of mortality assumptions to build mortality tables to better protect retirement income provision. Mortality assumptions are necessary to ensure the sustainability of lifetime incomes. It explores considerations and traditional approaches for developing mortality tables, as well as provides an international overview of longevity trends and drivers over the last several decades, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The report also details the standard mortality tables developed across OECD member countries and offers guidelines to assist regulators and supervisors in assessing whether the mortality assumptions and tables used in the context of retirement income provision are appropriate.
Book Synopsis Mortality Assumptions and Longevity Risk by : Oecd
Download or read book Mortality Assumptions and Longevity Risk written by Oecd and published by OCDE. This book was released on 2014 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pension funds and annuity providers need to effectively manage the longevity risk they are exposed to. Individuals receiving a lifetime income may live longer than expected or accounted for in the actuarial calculations to provision for these liabilities. Mismanaged longevity risk can deteriorate finances, cause bankruptcy and expose individuals to the risk of losing their retirement income. To safeguard against this risk, pension funds and annuity providers must provision for future improvements in mortality and life expectancy. The regulatory framework can support the effective management of longevity risk. This publication assesses how pension funds, annuity providers such as life insurance companies, and the regulatory framework account for future improvements in mortality and life expectancy. The study then examines the mortality tables commonly used by pension funds and annuity providers against several well-known mortality projection models with the purpose of assessing the potential shortfall in provisions. The final part of the publication identifies best practices and discusses the management of longevity risk, putting forward a set of policy options to encourage and facilitate the management of longevity risk.
Book Synopsis Insuring Inequality by : Elizabeth Shilton
Download or read book Insuring Inequality written by Elizabeth Shilton and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article discusses the legal status of the use of sex-based mortality tables (SBMTs) in annuitiy pricing, a practice still employed by the insurance industry in Canada and one which contributes to the very significant and persistent gender gap between the retirement incomes of men and women. In a 2011 decision in Association belge des Consommateurs Test-Achats ASBL v Conseil des ministres, the European Court of Justice ruled that SBMTs violate sex equality guarantees and can no longer be used by European insurers. The author argues that if SBMTs were challenged in Canadian courts, the result might well be the same. While the 1992 decision of the Supreme Court in Canada in the Zurich Insurance case has been widely interpreted as validating insurance rate classifications based on age and sex, the logic of Zurich Insurance may not shelter SBMTs in view of shrinking statistical differentials between the life expectancy of men and women, the existence of reliable gender-neutral annuity pricing tools and changes in the interpretation of legal equality guarantees since the early 1990s. She argues that pension laws and human rights codes which permit such practices may well fall afoul of the constitutional guarantee to equality under section 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
Author :Howard E. Winklevoss Publisher :University of Pennsylvania Press ISBN 13 :9780812231960 Total Pages :342 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (319 download)
Book Synopsis Pension Mathematics with Numerical Illustrations by : Howard E. Winklevoss
Download or read book Pension Mathematics with Numerical Illustrations written by Howard E. Winklevoss and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 1993-03-29 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A text that quantifies and provides new or improved actuarial notation for long recognized pension cost concepts and procedures and, in certain areas, develops new insights and techniques. With the exception of the first few chapters, the text is a virtual rewrite of the first edition of 1977. Among the major additions are chapters on statutory funding requirements, pension accounting, funding policy analysis, asset allocation, and retiree health benefits.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :030931710X Total Pages :243 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (93 download)
Book Synopsis The Growing Gap in Life Expectancy by Income by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book The Growing Gap in Life Expectancy by Income written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-09-17 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. population is aging. Social Security projections suggest that between 2013 and 2050, the population aged 65 and over will almost double, from 45 million to 86 million. One key driver of population aging is ongoing increases in life expectancy. Average U.S. life expectancy was 67 years for males and 73 years for females five decades ago; the averages are now 76 and 81, respectively. It has long been the case that better-educated, higher-income people enjoy longer life expectancies than less-educated, lower-income people. The causes include early life conditions, behavioral factors (such as nutrition, exercise, and smoking behaviors), stress, and access to health care services, all of which can vary across education and income. Our major entitlement programs - Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security, and Supplemental Security Income - have come to deliver disproportionately larger lifetime benefits to higher-income people because, on average, they are increasingly collecting those benefits over more years than others. This report studies the impact the growing gap in life expectancy has on the present value of lifetime benefits that people with higher or lower earnings will receive from major entitlement programs. The analysis presented in The Growing Gap in Life Expectancy by Income goes beyond an examination of the existing literature by providing the first comprehensive estimates of how lifetime benefits are affected by the changing distribution of life expectancy. The report also explores, from a lifetime benefit perspective, how the growing gap in longevity affects traditional policy analyses of reforms to the nation's leading entitlement programs. This in-depth analysis of the economic impacts of the longevity gap will inform debate and assist decision makers, economists, and researchers.
Book Synopsis Individual retirement arrangements (IRAs) by : United States. Internal Revenue Service
Download or read book Individual retirement arrangements (IRAs) written by United States. Internal Revenue Service and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Distributional Aspects of Social Security and Social Security Reform by : Martin Feldstein
Download or read book The Distributional Aspects of Social Security and Social Security Reform written by Martin Feldstein and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social security is the largest and perhaps the most popular program run by the federal government. Given the projected increase in both individual life expectancy and sheer number of retirees, however, the current system faces an eventual overload. Alternative proposals have emerged, ranging from reductions in future benefits to a rise in taxrevenue to various forms of investment-based personal retirement accounts. As this volume suggests, the distributional consequences of these proposals are substantially different and may disproportionately affect those groups who depend on social security to avoid poverty in old age. Together, these studies persuasively show that appropriately designed investment-based social security reforms can effectively reduce the long-term burden of an aging society on future taxpayers, increase the expected future income of retirees, and mitigate poverty rates among the elderly.
Book Synopsis OECD Pensions Outlook 2020 by : Oecd
Download or read book OECD Pensions Outlook 2020 written by Oecd and published by . This book was released on 2020-12-07 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2020 edition of the OECD Pensions Outlook examines a series of policy options to help governments improve the sustainability and resilience of pension systems. It considers how to ensure that policy makers balance the trade-off between the short-term and long-term consequences of policy responses to COVID-19; how to determine and assess the adequacy of retirement income; how funded pension arrangements can support individuals in non-standard forms of work to save for retirement; how to select default investment strategies; how to address the potential negative consequences from frequent switching of investment strategies; and, how retirement income arrangements can share both the investment and longevity risks among different stakeholders in a sustainable manner. This edition also discusses how governments can communicate in a way that helps people choose their optimal investment strategies.
Book Synopsis Pensions at a Glance 2021 OECD and G20 Indicators by : OECD
Download or read book Pensions at a Glance 2021 OECD and G20 Indicators written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-12-08 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2021 edition of Pensions at a Glance highlights the pension reforms undertaken by OECD countries over the past two years. Moreover, the special chapter focuses on automatic adjustment mechanisms in pensions systems in OECD countries, discusses the usefulness and limitations of these policy instruments, and suggests ways to improve them in order to enhance the capacity of pension systems to fulfil their objectives.
Book Synopsis Innovations in Retirement Financing by : Olivia S. Mitchell
Download or read book Innovations in Retirement Financing written by Olivia S. Mitchell and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2002-02-26 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Wharton School
Book Synopsis Modelling Longevity Dynamics for Pensions and Annuity Business by : Ermanno Pitacco
Download or read book Modelling Longevity Dynamics for Pensions and Annuity Business written by Ermanno Pitacco and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-01-29 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mortality improvements, uncertainty in future mortality trends and the relevant impact on life annuities and pension plans constitute important topics in the field of actuarial mathematics and life insurance techniques. In particular, actuarial calculations concerning pensions, life annuities and other living benefits (provided, for example, by long-term care insurance products and whole life sickness covers) are based on survival probabilities which necessarily extend over a long time horizon. In order to avoid underestimation of the related liabilities, the insurance company (or the pension plan) must adopt an appropriate forecast of future mortality. Great attention is currently being devoted to the management of life annuity portfolios, both from a theoretical and a practical point of view, because of the growing importance of annuity benefits paid by private pension schemes. In particular, the progressive shift from defined benefit to defined contribution pension schemes has increased the interest in life annuities with a guaranteed annual amount. This book provides a comprehensive and detailed description of methods for projecting mortality, and an extensive introduction to some important issues concerning longevity risk in the area of life annuities and pension benefits. It relies on research work carried out by the authors, as well as on a wide teaching experience and in CPD (Continuing Professional Development) initiatives. The following topics are dealt with: life annuities in the framework of post-retirement income strategies; the basic mortality model; recent mortality trends that have been experienced; general features of projection models; discussion of stochastic projection models, with numerical illustrations; measuring and managing longevity risk.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309452961 Total Pages :583 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Communities in Action by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Book Synopsis Assessing Chile's Pension System: Challenges and Reform Options by : Samuel Pienknagura
Download or read book Assessing Chile's Pension System: Challenges and Reform Options written by Samuel Pienknagura and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-09-10 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chile’s pension system came under close scrutiny in recent years. This paper takes stock of the adequacy of the system and highlights its challenges. Chile’s defined contribution system was quite influential when introduced, and was taken as an example by other countries. However, it is now delivering low replacement rates relative to OECD peers, as its parameters did not adapt over time to changing demographics and global returns, while informality persists in the labor market. In the absence of reforms, the system’s inability to deliver adequate outcomes for a large share of participants will continue to magnify, as demographic trends and low global interest rates will continue to reduce replacement rates. In addition, recent legislation allowing for pension savings withdrawals to counter the effects from the COVID-19 pandemic, is projected to further reduce replacement rates and increase fiscal costs. A substantial improvement in replacement rates is feasible, via a reform that raises contribution rates and the retirement age, coupled with policies that increases workers’ contribution density.
Book Synopsis Life Annuity Products and Their Guarantees by : Collectif
Download or read book Life Annuity Products and Their Guarantees written by Collectif and published by OECD. This book was released on 2016-12-05 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication helps policy makers to better understand annuity products and the guarantees they provide in order to optimise the role that these products can play in financing retirement. Product design is a crucial factor in the potential role of annuity products within the pension system, along with the cost and demand for these products, and the resulting risks that are borne by the annuity providers. Increasingly complex products, however, pose additional challenges concerning consumer protection. Consumers need to be aware of their options and have access to unbiased and comprehensible advice and information about these products.
Book Synopsis Care Without Coverage by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Care Without Coverage written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-06-20 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many Americans believe that people who lack health insurance somehow get the care they really need. Care Without Coverage examines the real consequences for adults who lack health insurance. The study presents findings in the areas of prevention and screening, cancer, chronic illness, hospital-based care, and general health status. The committee looked at the consequences of being uninsured for people suffering from cancer, diabetes, HIV infection and AIDS, heart and kidney disease, mental illness, traumatic injuries, and heart attacks. It focused on the roughly 30 million-one in seven-working-age Americans without health insurance. This group does not include the population over 65 that is covered by Medicare or the nearly 10 million children who are uninsured in this country. The main findings of the report are that working-age Americans without health insurance are more likely to receive too little medical care and receive it too late; be sicker and die sooner; and receive poorer care when they are in the hospital, even for acute situations like a motor vehicle crash.
Book Synopsis Pension and Annuity Income by : United States. Internal Revenue Service
Download or read book Pension and Annuity Income written by United States. Internal Revenue Service and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
