Moral Differences

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Moral Differences

Author : Richard W. Miller
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400862760
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Differences by : Richard W. Miller

Download or read book Moral Differences written by Richard W. Miller and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a wide-ranging inquiry Richard W. Miller provides new resources for coping with the most troubling types of moral conflict: disagreements in moral conviction, conflicting interests, and the tension between conscience and desires. Drawing on most fields in philosophy and the social sciences, including his previous work in the philosophy of science, he presents an account of our access to moral truth, and, within this framework, develops a theory of justice and an assessment of the role of morality in rational choice. In Miller's view, we are often in a position to claim that our moral judgments are true descriptions of moral facts. But others, relying on contrary ways of moral learning, would reject truths that we are in a position to assert, in dissent that does not depend on irrationality or ignorance of relevant evidence or arguments. With this mixed verdict on "moral realism," Miller challenges many received views of rationality, scientific method, and the relation between moral belief and moral choice. In his discussion of justice, Miller defends the adequacy, for modern political choices, of a widely shared demand that institutions be freely and rationally acceptable to all. Drawing on social research and economic theories, he argues that this demand has dramatically egalitarian consequences, even though it is a premise of liberals and conservatives alike. In the final chapters, Miller investigates the role and limits of morality in the choice of conduct, arguing for new perspectives on reason and impartiality. Originally published in 1992. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Morality and Cultural Differences

Author : John W. Cook
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0195158636
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (951 download)

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Book Synopsis Morality and Cultural Differences by : John W. Cook

Download or read book Morality and Cultural Differences written by John W. Cook and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1999 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carefully examining the arguments for and against moral relativism, Cook exposes not only that anthropologists have failed in their attempt to support relativism with evidence of cultural differences, but that moral absolutists have been equally unsuccessful in their attempts to refute it. He argues that these conflicting positions are both guilty of an artificial and unrealistic view of morality. Cook undertakes to show that a more subtle and complex account of morality reveals that moral relativism and moral absolutism must both be rejected. A pathbreaking book, Morality and Cultural Differences deftly illustrates how philosophy, when patiently pursued, can be relevant to our everyday concerns. This accessible and cogent work is an ideal text for beginning and advanced students of ethics, philosophy, and anthropology. Anyone interested in the debate surrounding cultural relativism will find it to be engaging reading.

The Righteous Mind

Author : Jonathan Haidt
Publisher : Vintage
ISBN 13 : 0307455777
Total Pages : 530 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis The Righteous Mind by : Jonathan Haidt

Download or read book The Righteous Mind written by Jonathan Haidt and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2013-02-12 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • The acclaimed social psychologist challenges conventional thinking about morality, politics, and religion in a way that speaks to conservatives and liberals alike—a “landmark contribution to humanity’s understanding of itself” (The New York Times Book Review). Drawing on his twenty-five years of groundbreaking research on moral psychology, Jonathan Haidt shows how moral judgments arise not from reason but from gut feelings. He shows why liberals, conservatives, and libertarians have such different intuitions about right and wrong, and he shows why each side is actually right about many of its central concerns. In this subtle yet accessible book, Haidt gives you the key to understanding the miracle of human cooperation, as well as the curse of our eternal divisions and conflicts. If you’re ready to trade in anger for understanding, read The Righteous Mind.

In the Light of Evolution

Author : National Academy of Sciences
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis In the Light of Evolution by : National Academy of Sciences

Download or read book In the Light of Evolution written by National Academy of Sciences and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arthur M. Sackler Colloquia of the National Academy of Sciences address scientific topics of broad and current interest, cutting across the boundaries of traditional disciplines. Each year, four or five such colloquia are scheduled, typically two days in length and international in scope. Colloquia are organized by a member of the Academy, often with the assistance of an organizing committee, and feature presentations by leading scientists in the field and discussions with a hundred or more researchers with an interest in the topic. Colloquia presentations are recorded and posted on the National Academy of Sciences Sackler colloquia website and published on CD-ROM. These Colloquia are made possible by a generous gift from Mrs. Jill Sackler, in memory of her husband, Arthur M. Sackler.

The Moral Economy of Class

Author : Stefan Svallfors
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780804752855
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (528 download)

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Book Synopsis The Moral Economy of Class by : Stefan Svallfors

Download or read book The Moral Economy of Class written by Stefan Svallfors and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comparative study of political attitudes across social classes, examining what accounts for such differences in opinion and determining whether these differences change over time

Resolving the Gamer’s Dilemma

Author : Garry Young
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319465953
Total Pages : 141 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Resolving the Gamer’s Dilemma by : Garry Young

Download or read book Resolving the Gamer’s Dilemma written by Garry Young and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-15 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the gamer’s dilemma, which lies at the heart of theorising about the morality of certain video game content. The dilemma is as follows: given that gaming content involves virtual characters within a virtual environment, the moral permission of virtual murder would also appear to morally permit virtual paedophilia. Yet most gamers and members of wider society would not want to play, endorse, or find in any way morally acceptable the enactment of virtual paedophilia within a video game. Yet by accepting the moral permissibility of virtual murder they leave themselves vulnerable to having to accept the moral permissibility of virtual paedophilia. This book provides an incredibly thorough and systematic analysis and evaluation of the gamer’s dilemma, by considering the origins of the intuitions around the dilemma, and exploring whether they find support from traditional or contemporary moral theory and psychological research. The book will be great interest to academics and students of philosophy and psychology, as well as members of the wider public interested in video game violence and taboo enactments more generally.

Moral Values and Ideological Differences in Evidence-based Judgments on Adolescent Sex and Sex Education

Author : Alice Xin Huang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Values and Ideological Differences in Evidence-based Judgments on Adolescent Sex and Sex Education by : Alice Xin Huang

Download or read book Moral Values and Ideological Differences in Evidence-based Judgments on Adolescent Sex and Sex Education written by Alice Xin Huang and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Morality and Cultural Differences

Author : John Webber Cook
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9780195126792
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (267 download)

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Book Synopsis Morality and Cultural Differences by : John Webber Cook

Download or read book Morality and Cultural Differences written by John Webber Cook and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 1999 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining the arguments for and against moral relativism, Cook argues that anthropologists have failed to support relativism with evidence of cultural differences, and that moral absolutists have been unsuccessful in their attempts to refute it. He proposes a more complex account of morality.

Moral Tribes

Author : Joshua Greene
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0143126059
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (431 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Tribes by : Joshua Greene

Download or read book Moral Tribes written by Joshua Greene and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2014-12-30 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Surprising and remarkable…Toggling between big ideas, technical details, and his personal intellectual journey, Greene writes a thesis suitable to both airplane reading and PhD seminars.”—The Boston Globe Our brains were designed for tribal life, for getting along with a select group of others (Us) and for fighting off everyone else (Them). But modern times have forced the world’s tribes into a shared space, resulting in epic clashes of values along with unprecedented opportunities. As the world shrinks, the moral lines that divide us become more salient and more puzzling. We fight over everything from tax codes to gay marriage to global warming, and we wonder where, if at all, we can find our common ground. A grand synthesis of neuroscience, psychology, and philosophy, Moral Tribes reveals the underlying causes of modern conflict and lights the way forward. Greene compares the human brain to a dual-mode camera, with point-and-shoot automatic settings (“portrait,” “landscape”) as well as a manual mode. Our point-and-shoot settings are our emotions—efficient, automated programs honed by evolution, culture, and personal experience. The brain’s manual mode is its capacity for deliberate reasoning, which makes our thinking flexible. Point-and-shoot emotions make us social animals, turning Me into Us. But they also make us tribal animals, turning Us against Them. Our tribal emotions make us fight—sometimes with bombs, sometimes with words—often with life-and-death stakes. A major achievement from a rising star in a new scientific field, Moral Tribes will refashion your deepest beliefs about how moral thinking works and how it can work better.

Hannah Arendt and Isaiah Berlin

Author : Kei Hiruta
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691226121
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Hannah Arendt and Isaiah Berlin by : Kei Hiruta

Download or read book Hannah Arendt and Isaiah Berlin written by Kei Hiruta and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2023-11-21 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the first time, the full story of the conflict between two of the twentieth century’s most important thinkers—and the lessons their disagreements continue to offer Two of the most iconic thinkers of the twentieth century, Hannah Arendt (1906–1975) and Isaiah Berlin (1909–1997) fundamentally disagreed on central issues in politics, history and philosophy. In spite of their overlapping lives and experiences as Jewish émigré intellectuals, Berlin disliked Arendt intensely, saying that she represented “everything that I detest most,” while Arendt met Berlin’s hostility with indifference and suspicion. Written in a lively style, and filled with drama, tragedy and passion, Hannah Arendt and Isaiah Berlin tells, for the first time, the full story of the fraught relationship between these towering figures, and shows how their profoundly different views continue to offer important lessons for political thought today. Drawing on a wealth of new archival material, Kei Hiruta traces the Arendt–Berlin conflict, from their first meeting in wartime New York through their widening intellectual chasm during the 1950s, the controversy over Arendt’s 1963 book Eichmann in Jerusalem, their final missed opportunity to engage with each other at a 1967 conference and Berlin’s continuing animosity toward Arendt after her death. Hiruta blends political philosophy and intellectual history to examine key issues that simultaneously connected and divided Arendt and Berlin, including the nature of totalitarianism, evil and the Holocaust, human agency and moral responsibility, Zionism, American democracy, British imperialism and the Hungarian Revolution. But, most of all, Arendt and Berlin disagreed over a question that goes to the heart of the human condition: what does it mean to be free?

The Pivotal Generation

Author : Henry Shue
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691226245
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis The Pivotal Generation by : Henry Shue

Download or read book The Pivotal Generation written by Henry Shue and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-01-11 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "We all recognize that climate change is a supremely important issue of our time, which requires both trans-national and trans-generational collaboration and shared responsibility. What we haven't yet fully appreciated, argues political philosopher Henry Shue, are the ethical considerations surrounding the fact that the next one or two decades will determine whether climate change, which already has led us to dangerous effects, will surge into inescapably disastrous effects. The people alive today thus represent a pivotal generation in human history. For the past two centuries humans have undermined our climate at an increasing rate, in ways that the present generations are the first to fully understand, and the last to be able to reverse. But our responsibility for decisive and immediate action rests on three special features of the relation of our present to the future, that many have failed to realize (1) future generations face dangers greater than ours even if we act robustly, (2) the worsening dangers for future generations are currently without limit, and (3) a less robust effort by us is likely to allow climate change to pass critical tipping points for severely worse and potentially unavoidable future dangers. Shue, a renowned scholar of ethics, politics and international relations who has been studying the ethics of climate change for the last two decades, guides us through what our ethical responsibilities to others are, both across the world but especially over time, and what those commitments require us to do in addressing the climate change crisis, now and forcefully"--

Moral Value and Human Diversity

Author : Robert Audi
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195374118
Total Pages : 159 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Value and Human Diversity by : Robert Audi

Download or read book Moral Value and Human Diversity written by Robert Audi and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robert Audi looks at four previous major attempts to codify ethical behaviour: the virtue ethics of Aristotle, the rule-based ethics of Kant; J.S. Mill's utilitarianism; and the movement known as 'common-sense' ethics associated with W.D. Ross.

The Moral Background

Author : Gabriel Abend
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691171122
Total Pages : 413 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis The Moral Background by : Gabriel Abend

Download or read book The Moral Background written by Gabriel Abend and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2016-05-31 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, many disciplines have become interested in the scientific study of morality. However, a conceptual framework for this work is still lacking. In The Moral Background, Gabriel Abend develops just such a framework and uses it to investigate the history of business ethics in the United States from the 1850s to the 1930s. According to Abend, morality consists of three levels: moral and immoral behavior, or the behavioral level; moral understandings and norms, or the normative level; and the moral background, which includes what moral concepts exist in a society, what moral methods can be used, what reasons can be given, and what objects can be morally evaluated at all. This background underlies the behavioral and normative levels; it supports, facilitates, and enables them. Through this perspective, Abend historically examines the work of numerous business ethicists and organizations—such as Protestant ministers, business associations, and business schools—and identifies two types of moral background. "Standards of Practice" is characterized by its scientific worldview, moral relativism, and emphasis on individuals' actions and decisions. The "Christian Merchant" type is characterized by its Christian worldview, moral objectivism, and conception of a person's life as a unity. The Moral Background offers both an original account of the history of business ethics and a novel framework for understanding and investigating morality in general.

Moral Understandings

Author : Margaret Urban Walker
Publisher : Studies in Feminist Philosophy
ISBN 13 : 0195315391
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Understandings by : Margaret Urban Walker

Download or read book Moral Understandings written by Margaret Urban Walker and published by Studies in Feminist Philosophy. This book was released on 2007-09-13 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Walker's book proposes a view of morality and an approach to ethical theory which uses the critical insights of feminism and race theory to rethink the epistemological and moral position of the ethical theorist, and how moral theory is inescapably shaped by culture and history. This second, revised edition contains a new preface, a substantive postscript to Chapter 1 about "the subject of moral philosophy"; the addition of a new chapter on the importance of emotion in practices of responsibility; and the addition of an afterword, which responds to critics of the book.

Beyond Moral Judgment

Author : Alice Crary
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674034619
Total Pages : 253 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond Moral Judgment by : Alice Crary

Download or read book Beyond Moral Judgment written by Alice Crary and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-09-30 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is moral thought and what kinds of demands does it impose? Alice Crary's book Beyond Moral Judgment claims that even the most perceptive contemporary answers to these questions offer no more than partial illumination, owing to an overly narrow focus on judgments that apply moral concepts (for example, "good," "wrong," "selfish," "courageous") and a corresponding failure to register that moral thinking includes more than such judgments. Drawing on what she describes as widely misinterpreted lines of thought in the writings of Wittgenstein and J. L. Austin, Crary argues that language is an inherently moral acquisition and that any stretch of thought, without regard to whether it uses moral concepts, may express the moral outlook encoded in a person's modes of speech. She challenges us to overcome our fixation on moral judgments and direct attention to responses that animate all our individual linguistic habits. Her argument incorporates insights from McDowell, Wiggins, Diamond, Cavell, and Murdoch and integrates a rich set of examples from feminist theory as well as from literature, including works by Jane Austen, E. M. Forster, Tolstoy, Henry James, and Theodor Fontane. The result is a powerful case for transforming our understanding of the difficulty of moral reflection and of the scope of our ethical concerns.

Inventing the Ties That Bind

Author : Francesca Polletta
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022673434X
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (267 download)

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Book Synopsis Inventing the Ties That Bind by : Francesca Polletta

Download or read book Inventing the Ties That Bind written by Francesca Polletta and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2020-11-06 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time of deep political divisions, leaders have called on ordinary Americans to talk to one another: to share their stories, listen empathetically, and focus on what they have in common, not what makes them different. In Inventing the Ties that Bind, Francesca Polletta questions this popular solution for healing our rifts. Talking the way that friends do is not the same as equality, she points out. And initiatives that bring strangers together for friendly dialogue may provide fleeting experiences of intimacy, but do not supply the enduring ties that solidarity requires. But Polletta also studies how Americans cooperate outside such initiatives, in social movements, churches, unions, government, and in their everyday lives. She shows that they often act on behalf of people they see as neighbors, not friends, as allies, not intimates, and people with whom they have an imagined relationship, not a real one. To repair our fractured civic landscape, she argues, we should draw on the rich language of solidarity that Americans already have.

Cultivating Differences

Author : Michèle Lamont
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226468136
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (681 download)

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Book Synopsis Cultivating Differences by : Michèle Lamont

Download or read book Cultivating Differences written by Michèle Lamont and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1992-01-15 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How are boundaries created between groups in society? And what do these boundaries have to do with social inequality? In this pioneering collection of original essays, a group of leading scholars helps set the agenda for the sociology of culture by exploring the factors that push us to segregate and integrate and the institutional arrangements that shape classification systems. Each examines the power of culture to shape our everyday lives as clearly as does economics, and studies the dimensions along which boundaries are frequently drawn. The essays cover four topic areas: the institutionalization of cultural categories, from morality to popular culture; the exclusionary effects of high culture, from musical tastes to the role of art museums; the role of ethnicity and gender in shaping symbolic boundaries; and the role of democracy in creating inclusion and exclusion. The contributors are Jeffrey Alexander, Nicola Beisel, Randall Collins, Diana Crane, Paul DiMaggio, Cynthia Fuchs Epstein, Joseph Gusfield, John R. Hall, David Halle, Richard A. Peterson, Albert Simkus, Alan Wolfe, and Vera Zolberg.