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Monocular Visual Inertial Based Navigation For Mobile Robots With Perception Aware Exploration And Map Construction
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Book Synopsis Monocular Visual-inertial-based Navigation for Mobile Robots with Perception Aware Exploration and Map Construction by : 劉仲恩
Download or read book Monocular Visual-inertial-based Navigation for Mobile Robots with Perception Aware Exploration and Map Construction written by 劉仲恩 and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mobile Robots Navigation by : Alejandra Barrera
Download or read book Mobile Robots Navigation written by Alejandra Barrera and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2010-03-01 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mobile robots navigation includes different interrelated activities: (i) perception, as obtaining and interpreting sensory information; (ii) exploration, as the strategy that guides the robot to select the next direction to go; (iii) mapping, involving the construction of a spatial representation by using the sensory information perceived; (iv) localization, as the strategy to estimate the robot position within the spatial map; (v) path planning, as the strategy to find a path towards a goal location being optimal or not; and (vi) path execution, where motor actions are determined and adapted to environmental changes. The book addresses those activities by integrating results from the research work of several authors all over the world. Research cases are documented in 32 chapters organized within 7 categories next described.
Book Synopsis 3D Visual-inertial Odometry and Autonomous Mobile Robot Exploration with Learned Map Prediction by : Rakesh Shrestha
Download or read book 3D Visual-inertial Odometry and Autonomous Mobile Robot Exploration with Learned Map Prediction written by Rakesh Shrestha and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2D and 3D scene reconstruction are important topics in the field of robotics and computer vision. Mobile robots require a model of the environment to perform navigational tasks, and model acquisition is a useful application in itself . This thesis presents a) A 3D odometry and mapping system producing metric scale map and pose estimates using a minimal sensor-suite b) An autonomous ground robot for 2D mapping of an unknown environment using learned map prediction. The first application proposes a direct visual-inertial odometry method working with a monocular camera. This system builds upon the state-of-the-art in direct vision-only odometry. It demonstrates superior system robustness and camera tracking accuracy compared to the original method. Furthermore, the system is able to produce a 3D map in metric scale, addressing the well known scale ambiguity inherent in monocular SLAM systems.The second application demonstrates an autonomous ground robot capable of exploring unknown indoor environments for reconstructing their 2D maps. This method combines the strengths of traditional information-theoretic approaches towards solving this problem and more recent deep learning techniques. Specifically, it employs a state-of-the-art generative neural network to predict unknown regions of a partially explored map, and uses the prediction to enhance the exploration in an information-theoretic manner. The system is evaluated against traditional methods in simulation using floor plans of real buildings and demonstrates advantage in terms of exploration efficiency. We retain an advantage over end-to-end learned exploration methods in that the robot's behavior is easily explicable in terms of the predicted map.
Book Synopsis Mobile Robots Navigation by : Luis Payá
Download or read book Mobile Robots Navigation written by Luis Payá and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-11-13 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The presence of mobile robots in diverse scenarios is considerably increasing to perform a variety of tasks. Among them, many developments have occurred in the fields of ground, underwater, and flying robotics. Independent of the environment where they move, navigation is a fundamental ability of mobile robots so that they can autonomously complete high-level tasks. This problem can be efficiently addressed through the following actions: First, it is necessary to perceive the environment in which the robot has to move, and extract some relevant information (mapping problem). Second, the robot must be able to estimate its position and orientation within this environment (localization problem). With this information, a trajectory toward the target points must be planned (path planning), and the vehicle must be reactively guided along this trajectory considering either possible changes or interactions with the environment or with the user (control). Given this information, this book introduces current frameworks in these fields (mapping, localization, path planning, and control) and, in general, approaches to any problem related to the navigation of mobile robots, such as odometry, exploration, obstacle avoidance, and simulation.
Book Synopsis Advances in Robot Navigation by : Alejandra Barrera
Download or read book Advances in Robot Navigation written by Alejandra Barrera and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-07-05 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robot navigation includes different interrelated activities such as perception - obtaining and interpreting sensory information; exploration - the strategy that guides the robot to select the next direction to go; mapping - the construction of a spatial representation by using the sensory information perceived; localization - the strategy to estimate the robot position within the spatial map; path planning - the strategy to find a path towards a goal location being optimal or not; and path execution, where motor actions are determined and adapted to environmental changes. This book integrates results from the research work of authors all over the world, addressing the abovementioned activities and analyzing the critical implications of dealing with dynamic environments. Different solutions providing adaptive navigation are taken from nature inspiration, and diverse applications are described in the context of an important field of study: social robotics.
Book Synopsis Vision Based Autonomous Robot Navigation by : Amitava Chatterjee
Download or read book Vision Based Autonomous Robot Navigation written by Amitava Chatterjee and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-10-13 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph is devoted to the theory and development of autonomous navigation of mobile robots using computer vision based sensing mechanism. The conventional robot navigation systems, utilizing traditional sensors like ultrasonic, IR, GPS, laser sensors etc., suffer several drawbacks related to either the physical limitations of the sensor or incur high cost. Vision sensing has emerged as a popular alternative where cameras can be used to reduce the overall cost, maintaining high degree of intelligence, flexibility and robustness. This book includes a detailed description of several new approaches for real life vision based autonomous navigation algorithms and SLAM. It presents the concept of how subgoal based goal-driven navigation can be carried out using vision sensing. The development concept of vision based robots for path/line tracking using fuzzy logic is presented, as well as how a low-cost robot can be indigenously developed in the laboratory with microcontroller based sensor systems. The book describes successful implementation of integration of low-cost, external peripherals, with off-the-shelf procured robots. An important highlight of the book is that it presents a detailed, step-by-step sample demonstration of how vision-based navigation modules can be actually implemented in real life, under 32-bit Windows environment. The book also discusses the concept of implementing vision based SLAM employing a two camera based system.
Book Synopsis Introduction to AI Robotics, second edition by : Robin R. Murphy
Download or read book Introduction to AI Robotics, second edition written by Robin R. Murphy and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-10-01 with total page 649 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive survey of artificial intelligence algorithms and programming organization for robot systems, combining theoretical rigor and practical applications. This textbook offers a comprehensive survey of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms and programming organization for robot systems. Readers who master the topics covered will be able to design and evaluate an artificially intelligent robot for applications involving sensing, acting, planning, and learning. A background in AI is not required; the book introduces key AI topics from all AI subdisciplines throughout the book and explains how they contribute to autonomous capabilities. This second edition is a major expansion and reorganization of the first edition, reflecting the dramatic advances made in AI over the past fifteen years. An introductory overview provides a framework for thinking about AI for robotics, distinguishing between the fundamentally different design paradigms of automation and autonomy. The book then discusses the reactive functionality of sensing and acting in AI robotics; introduces the deliberative functions most often associated with intelligence and the capability of autonomous initiative; surveys multi-robot systems and (in a new chapter) human-robot interaction; and offers a “metaview” of how to design and evaluate autonomous systems and the ethical considerations in doing so. New material covers locomotion, simultaneous localization and mapping, human-robot interaction, machine learning, and ethics. Each chapter includes exercises, and many chapters provide case studies. Endnotes point to additional reading, highlight advanced topics, and offer robot trivia.
Book Synopsis Mobile Robots Navigation by : Alejandra Barrera
Download or read book Mobile Robots Navigation written by Alejandra Barrera and published by IntechOpen. This book was released on 2010-03-01 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mobile robots navigation includes different interrelated activities: (i) perception, as obtaining and interpreting sensory information; (ii) exploration, as the strategy that guides the robot to select the next direction to go; (iii) mapping, involving the construction of a spatial representation by using the sensory information perceived; (iv) localization, as the strategy to estimate the robot position within the spatial map; (v) path planning, as the strategy to find a path towards a goal location being optimal or not; and (vi) path execution, where motor actions are determined and adapted to environmental changes. The book addresses those activities by integrating results from the research work of several authors all over the world. Research cases are documented in 32 chapters organized within 7 categories next described.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Autonomous Mobile Robots, second edition by : Roland Siegwart
Download or read book Introduction to Autonomous Mobile Robots, second edition written by Roland Siegwart and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2011-02-18 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of a comprehensive introduction to all aspects of mobile robotics, from algorithms to mechanisms. Mobile robots range from the Mars Pathfinder mission's teleoperated Sojourner to the cleaning robots in the Paris Metro. This text offers students and other interested readers an introduction to the fundamentals of mobile robotics, spanning the mechanical, motor, sensory, perceptual, and cognitive layers the field comprises. The text focuses on mobility itself, offering an overview of the mechanisms that allow a mobile robot to move through a real world environment to perform its tasks, including locomotion, sensing, localization, and motion planning. It synthesizes material from such fields as kinematics, control theory, signal analysis, computer vision, information theory, artificial intelligence, and probability theory. The book presents the techniques and technology that enable mobility in a series of interacting modules. Each chapter treats a different aspect of mobility, as the book moves from low-level to high-level details. It covers all aspects of mobile robotics, including software and hardware design considerations, related technologies, and algorithmic techniques. This second edition has been revised and updated throughout, with 130 pages of new material on such topics as locomotion, perception, localization, and planning and navigation. Problem sets have been added at the end of each chapter. Bringing together all aspects of mobile robotics into one volume, Introduction to Autonomous Mobile Robots can serve as a textbook or a working tool for beginning practitioners. Curriculum developed by Dr. Robert King, Colorado School of Mines, and Dr. James Conrad, University of North Carolina-Charlotte, to accompany the National Instruments LabVIEW Robotics Starter Kit, are available. Included are 13 (6 by Dr. King and 7 by Dr. Conrad) laboratory exercises for using the LabVIEW Robotics Starter Kit to teach mobile robotics concepts.
Book Synopsis Mobile Robots Navigation by : Alejandra Barrera
Download or read book Mobile Robots Navigation written by Alejandra Barrera and published by IntechOpen. This book was released on 2010-03-01 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mobile robots navigation includes different interrelated activities: (i) perception, as obtaining and interpreting sensory information; (ii) exploration, as the strategy that guides the robot to select the next direction to go; (iii) mapping, involving the construction of a spatial representation by using the sensory information perceived; (iv) localization, as the strategy to estimate the robot position within the spatial map; (v) path planning, as the strategy to find a path towards a goal location being optimal or not; and (vi) path execution, where motor actions are determined and adapted to environmental changes. The book addresses those activities by integrating results from the research work of several authors all over the world. Research cases are documented in 32 chapters organized within 7 categories next described.
Book Synopsis Vision-based Navigation for Mobile Robots on Ill-structured Roads by : Hyun Nam Lee
Download or read book Vision-based Navigation for Mobile Robots on Ill-structured Roads written by Hyun Nam Lee and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autonomous robots can replace humans to explore hostile areas, such as Mars and other inhospitable regions. A fundamental task for the autonomous robot is navigation. Due to the inherent difficulties in understanding natural objects and changing environments, navigation for unstructured environments, such as natural environments, has largely unsolved problems. However, navigation for ill-structured environments [1], where roads do not disappear completely, increases the understanding of these difficulties. We develop algorithms for robot navigation on ill-structured roads with monocular vision based on two elements: the appearance information and the geometric information. The fundamental problem of the appearance information-based navigation is road presentation. We propose a new type of road description, a vision vector space (V2-Space), which is a set of local collision-free directions in image space. We report how the V2-Space is constructed and how the V2-Space can be used to incorporate vehicle kinematic, dynamic, and time-delay constraints in motion planning. Failures occur due to the limitations of the appearance information-based navigation, such as a lack of geometric information. We expand the research to include consideration of geometric information. We present the vision-based navigation system using the geometric information. To compute depth with monocular vision, we use images obtained from different camera perspectives during robot navigation. For any given image pair, the depth error in regions close to the camera baseline can be excessively large. This degenerated region is named untrusted area, which could lead to collisions. We analyze how the untrusted areas are distributed on the road plane and predict them accordingly before the robot makes its move. We propose an algorithm to assist the robot in avoiding the untrusted area by selecting optimal locations to take frames while navigating. Experiments show that the algorithm can significantly reduce the depth error and hence reduce the risk of collisions. Although this approach is developed for monocular vision, it can be applied to multiple cameras to control the depth error. The concept of an untrusted area can be applied to 3D reconstruction with a two-view approach.
Book Synopsis Mobile Robots Navigation by : Alejandra Barrera
Download or read book Mobile Robots Navigation written by Alejandra Barrera and published by IntechOpen. This book was released on 2010-03-01 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mobile robots navigation includes different interrelated activities: (i) perception, as obtaining and interpreting sensory information; (ii) exploration, as the strategy that guides the robot to select the next direction to go; (iii) mapping, involving the construction of a spatial representation by using the sensory information perceived; (iv) localization, as the strategy to estimate the robot position within the spatial map; (v) path planning, as the strategy to find a path towards a goal location being optimal or not; and (vi) path execution, where motor actions are determined and adapted to environmental changes. The book addresses those activities by integrating results from the research work of several authors all over the world. Research cases are documented in 32 chapters organized within 7 categories next described.
Book Synopsis Mobile Robots Navigation by : Alejandra Barrera
Download or read book Mobile Robots Navigation written by Alejandra Barrera and published by IntechOpen. This book was released on 2010-03-01 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mobile robots navigation includes different interrelated activities: (i) perception, as obtaining and interpreting sensory information; (ii) exploration, as the strategy that guides the robot to select the next direction to go; (iii) mapping, involving the construction of a spatial representation by using the sensory information perceived; (iv) localization, as the strategy to estimate the robot position within the spatial map; (v) path planning, as the strategy to find a path towards a goal location being optimal or not; and (vi) path execution, where motor actions are determined and adapted to environmental changes. The book addresses those activities by integrating results from the research work of several authors all over the world. Research cases are documented in 32 chapters organized within 7 categories next described.
Book Synopsis Vision Based Localization of Mobile Robots by : Jason Mooberry
Download or read book Vision Based Localization of Mobile Robots written by Jason Mooberry and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Mobile robotics is an active and exciting sub-field of Computer Science. Its importance is easily witnessed in a variety of undertakings from DARPA's Grand Challenge to NASA's Mars exploration program. The field is relatively young, and still many challenges face roboticists across the boards. One important area of research is localization, which concerns itself with granting a robot the ability to discover and continually update an internal representation of its position. Vision based sensor systems have been investigated, but to much lesser extent than other popular techniques. A custom mobile platform has been constructed on top of which a monocular vision based localization system has been implemented. The rigorous gathering of empirical data across a large group of parameters germane to the problem has led to various findings about monocular vision based localization and the fitness of the custom robot platform. The localization component is based on a probabilistic technique called Monte-Carlo Localization (MCL) that tolerates a variety of different sensors and effectors, and has further proven to be adept at localization in diverse circumstances. Both a motion model and sensor model that drive the particle filter at the algorithm's core have been carefully derived. The sensor model employs a simple correlation process that leverages color histograms and edge detection to filter robot pose estimations via the on board vision. This algorithm relies on image matching to tune position estimates based on a priori knowledge of its environment in the form of a feature library. It is believed that leveraging different computationally inexpensive features can lead to efficient and robust localization with MCL. The central goal of this thesis is to implement and arrive at such a conclusion through the gathering of empirical data. Section 1 presents a brief introduction to mobile robot localization and robot architectures, while section 2 covers MCL itself in more depth. Section 3 elaborates on the localization strategy, modeling and implementation that forms the basis of the trials that are presented toward the end of that section. Section 4 presents a revised implementation that attempts to address shortcomings identified during localization trials. Finally in section 5, conclusions are drawn about the effectiveness of the localization implementation and a path to improved localization with monocular vision is posited"--Abstract.
Book Synopsis Appearance-based Navigation, Localization, Mapping, and Map Merging for Heterogeneous Teams of Robots by :
Download or read book Appearance-based Navigation, Localization, Mapping, and Map Merging for Heterogeneous Teams of Robots written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spatial awareness is a vital component for most autonomous robots operating in unstructured environments. Appearance-based maps are emerging as an important class of spatial representations for robots. Requiring only a camera instead of an expensive sensor like a laser range finder, appearance-based maps provide a suitable world model to human perception and offer a natural way to exchange information between robots and humans. In this dissertation, we embrace this representation and present a framework that provides navigation, localization, mapping, and map merging capabilities to heterogeneous multi-robot systems using exclusively monocular vision. Our first contribution is integrating different ideas from separately proposed solutions into a robust appearance-based localization and mapping framework that does not suffer from the individual issues tied to the original proposed methods. Next, we introduce a novel visual navigation algorithm that steers a robot between two images through the shortest possible path. Thanks to its invariance to changes in the tilt angle and the elevation of the cameras, the images collected by another robot with a totally different morphology and camera placement can be used for navigation. Furthermore, we tackle the problem of merging together two or more appearance-based maps independently built by robots operating in the same environment, and propose an anytime algorithm aiming to quickly identify the more advantageous parts to merge. Noting the lack of any evaluation criteria for appearance-based maps, we introduce our task specific quality metric that measures the utility of a map with respect to three major robotic tasks: localization, mapping, and navigation. Additionally, in order to measure the quality of merged appearance-based maps, and the performance of the merging algorithm, we propose the use of algebraic connectivity, a concept which we borrowed from graph theory. Finally, we introduce a machine learning based WiFi localization technique which we later embrace as the core of our novel heterogeneous map merging algorithm. All algorithms introduced in this dissertation are validated on real robots.
Book Synopsis Advances in Robot Navigation by : Alejandra Barrera
Download or read book Advances in Robot Navigation written by Alejandra Barrera and published by IntechOpen. This book was released on 2011-07-05 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robot navigation includes different interrelated activities such as perception - obtaining and interpreting sensory information; exploration - the strategy that guides the robot to select the next direction to go; mapping - the construction of a spatial representation by using the sensory information perceived; localization - the strategy to estimate the robot position within the spatial map; path planning - the strategy to find a path towards a goal location being optimal or not; and path execution, where motor actions are determined and adapted to environmental changes. This book integrates results from the research work of authors all over the world, addressing the abovementioned activities and analyzing the critical implications of dealing with dynamic environments. Different solutions providing adaptive navigation are taken from nature inspiration, and diverse applications are described in the context of an important field of study: social robotics.
Book Synopsis Exploration and visual mapping algorithms development for low cost mobile robots by :
Download or read book Exploration and visual mapping algorithms development for low cost mobile robots written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ao mesmo tempo em que a autonomia de robôs pessoais e domésticosaumenta, cresce a necessidade de interação dos mesmos com o ambiente. Ainteração mais básica de um robô com o ambiente é feita pela percepção deste esua navegação. Para uma série de aplicações não é prático prover modelosgeométricos válidos do ambiente a um robô antes de seu uso. O robô necessita, então, criar estes modelos enquanto se movimenta e percebe o meio em que estáinserido através de sensores. Ao mesmo tempo é necessário minimizar acomplexidade requerida quanto a hardware e sensores utilizados. No presentetrabalho, um algoritmo iterativo baseado em entropia é proposto para planejaruma estratégia de exploração visual, permitindo a construção eficaz de um modeloem grafo do ambiente. O algoritmo se baseia na determinação da informaçãopresente em sub-regiões de uma imagem panorâmica 2-D da localização atual dorobô obtida com uma câmera fixa sobre o mesmo. Utilizando a métrica deentropia baseada na Teoria da Informação de Shannon, o algoritmo determina nóspotenciais para os quais deve se prosseguir a exploração. Através de procedimentode Visual Tracking, em conjunto com a técnica SIFT (Scale Invariant FeatureTransform), o algoritmo auxilia a navegação do robô para cada nó novo, onde oprocesso é repetido. Um procedimento baseado em transformações invariáveis adeterminadas variações espaciais (desenvolvidas a partir de Fourier e Mellin) éutilizado para auxiliar o processo de guiar o robô para nós já conhecidos. Tambémé proposto um método baseado na técnica SIFT. Os processos relativos à obtençãode imagens, avaliação, criação do grafo, e prosseguimento dos passos citadoscontinua até que o robô tenha mapeado o ambiente com nível pré-especificado dedetalhes. O conjunto de nós e imagens obtidos são combinados de modo a se criarum modelo em grafo do ambiente. Seguindo os caminhos, nó a nó, um robô podenavegar pelo ambiente já explorado. O método é particularmente adequado paraambientes planos. As componentes do algoritmo proposto foram desenvolvidas etestadas no presente trabalho. Resultados experimentais mostrando a eficácia dosmétodos propostos são apresentados.
