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Molecular Mapping Of Barley Genes For Resistance To Stripe Rust
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Book Synopsis Molecular Mapping of Barley Genes for Resistance to Stripe Rust by : Guiping Yan
Download or read book Molecular Mapping of Barley Genes for Resistance to Stripe Rust written by Guiping Yan and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei, is one of the most important diseases of barley ( Hordeum vulgare). Growing resistant cultivars is the best approach for controlling stripe rust. Grannenlose Zweizeilige (GZ) and BBA 2890 each have a recessive gene, temporarily designated as rpsGZ in GZ and rps1.a in BBA 2890, conferring seedling resistance against all races of P. striiformis f. sp. hordei identified thus far in the US. Bancroft was one of the first barley cultivars developed in the US with resistance to stripe rust, and has been identified as having durable high-temperature, adult-plant (HTAP) resistance.
Download or read book Stripe Rust written by Xianming Chen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-11 with total page 723 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively introduces stripe rust disease, its development and its integral control. Covering the biology, genetics, genome, and functional genomics of the pathogen, it also discusses host and non-host resistance, their interactions and the epidemiology of the disease. It is intended for scientists, postgraduates and undergraduate studying stripe rust, plant pathology, crop breeding, crop protection and agricultural science, but is also a valuable reference book for consultants and administrators in agricultural businesses and education.
Book Synopsis Mapping and Introgression of Disease Resistance Genes in Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) by : Theeryut Toojinda
Download or read book Mapping and Introgression of Disease Resistance Genes in Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) written by Theeryut Toojinda and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular tools, coupled with unique germplasm stocks and rigorous phenotyping, are useful for developing a better understanding of qualitative and quantitative disease resistance genes in plants. The identification of molecular markers linked to all types of resistance genes provides opportunities for implementing a range of resistance breeding strategies, ranging from gene pyramiding to gene deployment. This thesis consists of two chapters. The first describes a disease resistance gene mapping effort and the second describes a disease resistance gene introgression effort. The number, location, and effects of genes determining resistance to stripe rust, leaf rust and Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus were determined using a population of doubled haploid (DH) lines from the cross of Shyri x Galena. Resistance to leaf rust was qualitatively inherited, and the locus was mapped to the long arm of chromosome 1. Resistance to stripe rust and BYDV was quantitatively inherited. Multiple QTLs were detected for each type of resistance. The principal stripe rust resistance QTL was on the short arm of chromosome 5 and the principal BYDV resistance QTL was on the long arm of chromosome 1, linked in repulsion phase with the leaf rust resistance gene. Additional QTLs and QTL x QTL interactions were detected. The majority of the qualitative and quantitative resistance loci detected in the Shyri x Galena population coincided with Resistance Gene Analog Polymorphisms (RGAPs) mapped in the same population. These RGAPs were based on degenerate primers derived from cloned resistance gene sequence motifs. These associations should be useful for efficient resistance gene mapping and provide an approach for ultimately isolating and describing quantitative and qualitative resistance genes. The second chapter describes a molecular marker assisted selection (MMAS) effort to introgress stripe rust resistance QTLs on chromosomes 4 and 7 into susceptible germplasm. DH lines were derived form a MMAS backcross-one (BC-1) population, extensively phenotyped for stripe rust resistance, and genotyped for the introgressed QTLs and background genome. The resistance QTLs that were introgressed were significant determinants of resistance in the new genetic background. Additional resistance QTLs were also detected. Together, these chapters describe an integrated approach to disease resistance gene characterization and utilization.
Book Synopsis Wheat Production in Stressed Environments by : H.T. Buck
Download or read book Wheat Production in Stressed Environments written by H.T. Buck and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-16 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a unique overview to wheat and related species, this book comprises the proceedings of the 7th International Wheat Conference, held in Mar del Plata, Argentina, at the end of 2005. Leading scientists from all over the world, specialized in different areas that contribute to the better understanding of wheat production and use, review the present achievements and discuss the future challenges for the wheat crop.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Genetic Resistance to Barley Stripe Rust (Puccinia Striiformis F. Sp. Hordei) by : Doris A. Prehn
Download or read book Analysis of Genetic Resistance to Barley Stripe Rust (Puccinia Striiformis F. Sp. Hordei) written by Doris A. Prehn and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei) is a serious disease of barley that can cause up to 70% yield loss in susceptible varieties. The fungus is moving northward, threatening major barley production areas in the US, where most cultivars are susceptible. Fungicides are available for control of stripe rust, but economic and environmental considerations favor genetic resistance. Two stripe rust resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) located in chromosomes 4 and 7 have previously been reported. One hundred and ten doubled haploid progeny from a stripe rust susceptible x resistant cross were derived using the Hordeum bulbosum technique and phenotyped for agronomic and malting quality traits in order to assess the importance of linkage drag associated with the mapped stripe rust resistance QTLs. Data on 33 markers were combined with phenotypic data for QTL analysis. A molecular marker-assisted backcross program was implemented to initiate the transfer of the stripe rust resistance loci into susceptible US germplasm. No negative QTLs for agronomic or malting quality traits were detected within or adjacent to the intervals that were targeted for marker-assisted selection. A minor leaf rust resistance QTL, however, was found adjacent to the stripe rust locus on chromosome 7. Linkage drag in this region could operate in favor of the breeder. Epistatic interaction between the two stripe rust resistance QTLs confirms the necessity of introgressing both chromosome intervals.
Download or read book The Barley Genome written by Nils Stein and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-18 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an overview of the state-of-the-art in barley genome analysis, covering all aspects of sequencing the genome and translating this important information into new knowledge in basic and applied crop plant biology and new tools for research and crop improvement. Unlimited access to a high-quality reference sequence is removing one of the major constraints in basic and applied research. This book summarizes the advanced knowledge of the composition of the barley genome, its genes and the much larger non-coding part of the genome, and how this information facilitates studying the specific characteristics of barley. One of the oldest domesticated crops, barley is the small grain cereal species that is best adapted to the highest altitudes and latitudes, and it exhibits the greatest tolerance to most abiotic stresses. With comprehensive access to the genome sequence, barley’s importance as a genetic model in comparative studies on crop species like wheat, rye, oats and even rice is likely to increase.
Book Synopsis Testing the Effectiveness of Barley Stripe Rust Resistance QTL Detected in Mexico and the USA Against a Possible New Race in Peru and Mapping of Genes Conferring Resistance to Leaf Rust and Mildew in the Same Population by : Carlos Rossi
Download or read book Testing the Effectiveness of Barley Stripe Rust Resistance QTL Detected in Mexico and the USA Against a Possible New Race in Peru and Mapping of Genes Conferring Resistance to Leaf Rust and Mildew in the Same Population written by Carlos Rossi and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Barley is the fourth most important cereal crop in the world because of its broad adaptation, its utility as a feedstock and for human food, and the superior properties of barley malt for brewing. Three of the most important foliar diseases of barley, on a worldwide level are: barley leaf rust caused by Puccinia hordei G. Otth, barley stripe rust (yellow rust) caused by Puccinia striformis Westend f sp. hordei and powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei. Although barley is an autogamous species, there is sufficient DNA-level diversity for efficient linkage map construction and this polymorphism has been used for extensive mapping and QTL detection efforts. The ICARDA/CIMMYT barley program is an important source of quantitative disease resistance genes. Oregon State University and the ICARDA/CIMMYT barley program have maintained a long-term collaborative effort to map and deploy stripe rust resistance genes. This germplasm has shown consistent and adequate levels of resistance over the past 18 years in repeated tests in Mexico and the USA. However, in the 1999-2000 season there were reports from Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuador that there was a new race of stripe rust that was causing high levels of disease on formerly resistant varieties and experimental materials. This was cause of concern because considerable effort had been invested in identifying stripe rust quantitative resistance genes, based on the assumption that they would prove durable. We therefore used a well-characterized barley QTL mapping population - the ORO population - which is derived from the cross of BCD47 x Baronesse, to determine if barley stripe resistance QTL mapped in Mexico and the USA were effective in Peru. The same resistances QTL were detected in Peru as in Mexico and the USA. If there is a new virulence in Peru, the mapped QTL are still effective and under field conditions do not show specificity to any race the population has been challenged with in the Americas. This finding is of importance to barley breeders interested in deploying effective resistance genes. Confirmation of a new race in Peru will require characterization against a standard set of differentials, an experiment that is planned. The increase in disease severity of C110587, a genotype with a mapped qualitative resistance gene, between Mexico and Peru suggests there is a new race in Peru. The highest levels of resistance in Peru were achieved in lines where the qualitative resistance gene was pyramided with quantitative resistance alleles. We also used the ORO population to map QTL for barley leaf rust and barley powdery mildew in the Andean region and for the latter disease identified resistance QTL in addition to the Mia resistance mapped using specific isolates under controlled conditions. The availability of this germplasm, with mapped genes conferring quantitative resistance to three diseases, will be a resource for the barley breeding community.
Book Synopsis Advance in Barley Sciences by : Guoping Zhang
Download or read book Advance in Barley Sciences written by Guoping Zhang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-31 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advance in barley sciences presents the latest developments in barley sciences. It collects 39 papers submitted to the 11th International Barley Genetics Symposium, and covers all presentation sessions of the conference, i.e., barley development and economy, utilization of germplasm, genetic resources and genetic stocks, end-uses, biotic stress tolerance, abiotic stresses, new and renewed breeding methodology, barley physiology, breeding success stories, barley genomics and all other ‘-omics.’ Th e information will be useful for barley breeders, brewers, biochemists, molecular geneticists and biotechnologists. Th is book may also serve as reference text for students and scientists engaged in barley research. Dr. Guoping Zhang is a barley breeder and crop physiologist at the Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, China. Dr. Chengdao Li is a senior molecular geneticist and barley breeder at the Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, Australia. He is also an adjunct professor at Murdoch University of Australia and Zhejiang University. Dr. Xu Liu, a member of the China Academy of Engineering, is a plant resources researcher at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
Book Synopsis Molecular Advances in Wheat and Barley by : Manuel Martinez
Download or read book Molecular Advances in Wheat and Barley written by Manuel Martinez and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-08-20 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Allohexaploid bread wheat and diploid barley are two of the most cultivated crops in the world. This book reports novel research and reviews concerning the use of modern technologies to understand the molecular bases for wheat and barley improvement. The contributions published in this book illustrate research advances in wheat and barley knowledge using modern molecular techniques. These molecular approaches cover genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and phenomic levels, together with new tools for gene identification and the development of novel molecular markers. Overall, the contributions for this book lead to a further understanding of regulatory systems in order to improve wheat and barley performance.
Book Synopsis Development and Use of CDNA-derived SSR Markers for Studying Puccinia Striiformis Populations and Molecular Mapping of New Genes for Effective Resistance to Stripe Rust in Durum Wheat by : Peng Cheng
Download or read book Development and Use of CDNA-derived SSR Markers for Studying Puccinia Striiformis Populations and Molecular Mapping of New Genes for Effective Resistance to Stripe Rust in Durum Wheat written by Peng Cheng and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Puccinia striiformis, a basidiomycete fungus, produces dikaryotic urediniospores causing stripe rust of wheat, barley, and many grass species. To study its population biology, three cDNA libraries were screened for simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and their flanking sequences were used to design primers. Seventeen primer pairs produced stable polymorphic markers among 28 isolates of the pathogen.
Book Synopsis Host Status and Genetic Analysis of Quantitative Resistance of Barley to Yellow Stripe Rust Caused by Puccinia Striiformis F.sp. Bromi, P. Striiformis F.sp. Tritici and P. Striiformis F.sp. Hordei by : S. van Heyzen
Download or read book Host Status and Genetic Analysis of Quantitative Resistance of Barley to Yellow Stripe Rust Caused by Puccinia Striiformis F.sp. Bromi, P. Striiformis F.sp. Tritici and P. Striiformis F.sp. Hordei written by S. van Heyzen and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Puccinia striiformis, the causal fungus of yellow stripe rust, is an economically important pathogen. Recently an isolate of stripe rust was collected from Bromus carinatus in Wageningen, The Netherlands. This has been temporarily classified as P. striiformis f.sp. bromi (Psb) and in preliminary studies showed a propensity to infect barley. Therefore it is of interest to test and compare this isolate with other stripe rust isolates that have been shown to infect barley; namely P. striiformis f.sp. tritici (Pst) and P. striiformis f.sp. hordei (Psh). The objectives of this study were four fold: Firstly to establish a preliminary host range of Psb, Pst and Psh; second to quantify the host status of barley to these three yellow stripe rust isolates; third to map those QTL’s that are effective against Psb, Pst and Psh in barley mapping populations; and lastly to compare these QTL’s in all three rust isolates to those QTL’s that have been previously mapped to other heterologous rusts. An indicative host range study on 46 grass and cereal species, consisting of a total of 162 accessions, showed Psb to be more versatile than Pst or Psh, in the sense that Psb was more successful on wild and cultivated accessions where both Pst and Psh were less successful. On a genus level, Lolium and Secale were resistant, Avena susceptible to only Psb and Agropyron, Aegilops, Triticum, Hordeum and Bromus were all susceptible to the three ff.spp.. A barley host-status seedling test was performed on 118 accessions, resulting in barley being classified a host for Psh, with 90% of the accessions showing a host-type response, and as a marginal host for Psb and Pst, with host-type responses in 47% and 11% of the accessions tested, respectively. At an adult plant stage, most accessions were resistant, except for those tested with Psh. QTL mapping experiments revealed two QTLs conferring resistance against Psb and Pst and a third for resistance against Psb in the Vada × SusPtrit RIL population, using quantitative data from number of pustule and composite lesion length with Vada being the resistant parent and SusPtrit the susceptible parent. Mapping experiments in the L94 × Vada RIL population, also using quantitative data from number of pustule and composite lesion length but with L94 being the resistant parent and Vada the susceptible parent, mapped a major gene which has been attributed to be possibly rpsGZ.
Book Synopsis DNA-Based Markers in Plants by : R.L. Phillips
Download or read book DNA-Based Markers in Plants written by R.L. Phillips and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the new techniques described in this volume, a new gene can be placed on the linkage map within only a few days. Leading researchers have updated the earlier edition to include the latest versions of DNA-based marker maps for a variety of important crops.
Book Synopsis Disease Resistance in Wheat by : Indu Sharma
Download or read book Disease Resistance in Wheat written by Indu Sharma and published by CABI. This book was released on 2012 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disease resistance is one of the major factors that can be improved to sustain yield potential in cultivated crops. This book looks at disease resistance in wheat, concentrating on all the economically important diseases -- their economic impact and geographical spread, breeding for resistance, pathogen variability, resistance mechanisms and recent advances made on resistance genes. Newer strategies for identifying resistance genes and identify resistance mechanisms are discussed, including cloning, gene transfer and the use of genetically modified plants.
Book Synopsis Elucidating the Molecular Genetics of Host and Nonhost Resistance in Barley to Stripe Rust by : Andrew Dawson
Download or read book Elucidating the Molecular Genetics of Host and Nonhost Resistance in Barley to Stripe Rust written by Andrew Dawson and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of Molecular Markers and Their Use to Deploy Valuable Genetic Variation in California Small Grains Breeding by : Joshua Munro Hegarty
Download or read book Development of Molecular Markers and Their Use to Deploy Valuable Genetic Variation in California Small Grains Breeding written by Joshua Munro Hegarty and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Responsible for over 20% of the calories consumed by humans, wheat and barley were among the first crops domesticated by humans. These two crops made a significant contribution to the transition of humans from a nomadic to an agrarian lifestyle, allowing for the development of more complex societies. After millennia of gradual farmer based selection, the green revolution of the mid-20th century dramatically increased yields of wheat at a time when the rapid human population growth threatened global food security. These rapid gains in yield resulted from the application of an improved understanding of plant genetics and a more rigorous approach to plant breeding aimed at the development of cultivars that could utilize additional nutrient inputs. The incorporation of modern molecular genetics and genomics tools to breeding has the potential to once again accelerate current rates of improvement to achieve the grain yield levels required to feed an increasing human population. This dissertation presents examples of the use of these modern tools to develop improved barley and wheat germplasm. The first chapter describes the genetic mapping of four loci for tolerance to Cereal Yellow Dwarf Virus (CYDV) tolerance in barley, a problem that has delayed the development of malting barley varieties for California. Molecular markers for these resistance genes are particularly useful because the sporadic nature of this disease poses a challenge for traditional breeding strategies. The second chapter describes the utilization of these markers for CYDV tolerance in combination with agronomic and quality tests that support the release of the two-row malting barley variety ‘UC Tahoe’. The third chapter describes the validation of a novel stripe rust resistance locus in wheat, designated as Yr78. Using bi-parental population, this study identified 10 wheat accessions carrying Yr78 and a closely linked molecular marker that will be useful to incorporate this novel resistance gene in wheat breeding programs.
Book Synopsis Physical Mapping of Molecular Markers in Three Regions of the Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) Genome Orthologus to Disease Resistance Loci in Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) by : Katharina Honegger
Download or read book Physical Mapping of Molecular Markers in Three Regions of the Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) Genome Orthologus to Disease Resistance Loci in Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) written by Katharina Honegger and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Disease Resistance in Crop Plants by : Shabir Hussain Wani
Download or read book Disease Resistance in Crop Plants written by Shabir Hussain Wani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-24 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human population is escalating at an enormous pace and is estimated to reach 9.7 billion by 2050. As a result, there will be an increase in demand for agricultural production by 60–110% between the years 2005 and 2050 at the global level; the number will be even more drastic in the developing world. Pathogens, animals, and weeds are altogether responsible for between 20 to 40 % of global agricultural productivity decrease. As such, managing disease development in plants continues to be a major strategy to ensure adequate food supply for the world. Accordingly, both the public and private sectors are moving to harness the tools and paradigms that promise resistance against pests and diseases. While the next generation of disease resistance research is progressing, maximum disease resistance traits are expected to be polygenic in nature and controlled by selective genes positioned at putative quantitative trait loci (QTLs). It has also been realized that sources of resistance are generally found in wild relatives or cultivars of lesser agronomic significance. However, introgression of disease resistance traits into commercial crop varieties typically involves many generations of backcrossing to transmit a promising genotype. Molecular marker-assisted breeding (MAB) has been found to facilitate the pre-selection of traits even prior to their expression. To date, researchers have utilized disease resistance genes (R-genes) in different crops including cereals, pulses, and oilseeds and other economically important plants, to improve productivity. Interestingly, comparison of different R genes that empower plants to resist an array of pathogens has led to the realization that the proteins encoded by these genes have numerous features in common. The above observation therefore suggests that plants may have co-evolved signal transduction pathways to adopt resistance against a wide range of divergent pathogens. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms necessary for pathogen identification and a thorough dissection of the cellular responses to biotic stresses will certainly open new vistas for sustainable crop disease management. This book summarizes the recent advances in molecular and genetic techniques that have been successfully applied to impart disease resistance for plants and crops. It integrates the contributions from plant scientists targeting disease resistance mechanisms using molecular, genetic, and genomic approaches. This collection therefore serves as a reference source for scientists, academicians and post graduate students interested in or are actively engaged in dissecting disease resistance in plants using advanced genetic tools.
