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Modelling The Global Prospects And Impacts Of Heavy Duty Liquefied Natural Gas Vehicles In Computable General Equilibrium
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Book Synopsis Modelling the Global Prospects and Impacts of Heavy Duty Liquefied Natural Gas Vehicles in Computable General Equilibrium by : Arthur Hong Chun Yip
Download or read book Modelling the Global Prospects and Impacts of Heavy Duty Liquefied Natural Gas Vehicles in Computable General Equilibrium written by Arthur Hong Chun Yip and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural gas vehicles have the prospects of making substantial contributions to transportation needs. The adoption of natural gas vehicles could lead to impacts on energy and environmental systems. An analysis of the main factors and trends that affect adoption of natural gas vehicles such as vehicle costs, infrastructure costs, and fuel economics was performed. The fuel cost analysis showed that assuming production and distribution at scale, liquefied natural gas (LNG) can be competitive as a diesel fuel substitute for heavy duty vehicles in the US, and also in EU and China. A methodology of incorporating heavy duty natural gas vehicles into a computable general equilibrium (CGE) economic modelling was developed to investigate the potential adoption and impacts. Modelling variables such as vehicle and infrastructure costs were tested and several scenarios were applied to examine the general equilibrium impacts on natural gas vehicle adoption and the general equilibrium impacts of resulting natural gas vehicle adoption. Climate policy scenarios were also developed and tested. In the base case scenario, results showed significant adoption of LNG trucks (Class 8) in the US, with 10% penetration of heavy duty trucks by 2020 and up to 100% by 2040. In China and the EU, adoption was projected to be slower due to higher natural gas prices. In the US, introduction of LNG trucks resulted in moderately higher natural gas prices, slightly lower oil prices, and a small reduction in total GHG emissions, relative to scenarios without LNG truck availability. The development of natural gas fuelled transportation is still in its infancy and CGE modelling offers a tool that can be applied to test a wide range of assumptions of cost development and relative prices.
Book Synopsis Feasibility Study of Liquified Natural Gas Fuelling for Heavy Duty Vehicles by : Sypher:Mueller International
Download or read book Feasibility Study of Liquified Natural Gas Fuelling for Heavy Duty Vehicles written by Sypher:Mueller International and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309496381 Total Pages :399 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Reducing Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Reducing Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-05-15 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medium- and heavy-duty trucks, motor coaches, and transit buses - collectively, "medium- and heavy-duty vehicles", or MHDVs - are used in every sector of the economy. The fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of MHDVs have become a focus of legislative and regulatory action in the past few years. This study is a follow-on to the National Research Council's 2010 report, Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium-and Heavy-Duty Vehicles. That report provided a series of findings and recommendations on the development of regulations for reducing fuel consumption of MHDVs. On September 15, 2011, NHTSA and EPA finalized joint Phase I rules to establish a comprehensive Heavy-Duty National Program to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and fuel consumption for on-road medium- and heavy-duty vehicles. As NHTSA and EPA began working on a second round of standards, the National Academies issued another report, Reducing the Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two: First Report, providing recommendations for the Phase II standards. This third and final report focuses on a possible third phase of regulations to be promulgated by these agencies in the next decade.
Book Synopsis The Heavy-duty Vehicle Future in the United States by :
Download or read book The Heavy-duty Vehicle Future in the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here, we present a parametric analysis of factors that can influence advanced fuel and technology deployments in U.S. Class 7-8 trucks through 2050. The analysis focuses on the competition between traditional diesel trucks, natural gas vehicles (NGVs), and ultra-efficient powertrains. Underlying the study is a vehicle choice and stock model of the U.S. heavy-duty vehicle market. Moreover, the model is segmented by vehicle class, body type, powertrain, fleet size, and operational type. We find that conventional diesel trucks will dominate the market through 2050, but NGVs could have significant market penetration depending on key technological and economic uncertainties. Compressed natural gas trucks conducting urban trips in fleets that can support private infrastructure are economically viable now and will continue to gain market share. Ultra-efficient diesel trucks, exemplified by the U.S. Department of Energy's SuperTruck program, are the preferred alternative in the long haul segment, but could compete with liquefied natural gas (LNG) trucks if the fuel price differential between LNG and diesel increases. However, the greatest impact in reducing petroleum consumption and pollutant emissions is had by investing in efficiency technologies that benefit all powertrains, especially the conventional diesels that comprise the majority of the stock, instead of incentivizing specific alternatives.
Book Synopsis Life Cycle Assessment of Natural Gas Vehicles by : K.-M. Nigge
Download or read book Life Cycle Assessment of Natural Gas Vehicles written by K.-M. Nigge and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the context of conducting research on the consequences of scientific and tech nological advance, the Europaische Akademie is also concerned with the support of scientists in the doctoral or post-doctoral phase who are working on topics or methods within its research spectrum. The first dissertation supported by the Europaische Akademie is published in this volume of the book series "Wissen schaftsethik und Technikfolgenbeurteilung". One of the research areas of the Europaische Akademie is the scientific investi gation of environmental consequences of new technologies. Energy conversion and transportation are thereby considered as important areas of technological advance. The dissertation follows this thread by comparing the impacts of natural gas vehicles on human health and the environment with those of reference vehi cles fueled by petrol and Diesel. This question is addressed within the framework of Life Cycle Assessment, which is one important instrument of environmental Technology Assessment. Within this framework, a new method for the assessment of impacts on human health is developed and applied. In this way, the dissertation contributes to the methodological research of the Europaische Akademie in the field of Technology Assessment. The book is addressed to researchers in the fields of alternative fuels, Techno logy Assessment, and Life Cycle Assessment in particular. It may also be of inter est to decisionmakers and the wider public concerned with environmental impacts of energy conversion and transportation. It was written in English in order to be accessible to an international audience.
Book Synopsis The Economic Viability of Gas-to-liquids Technology and the Crude Oil-natural Gas Price Relationship by :
Download or read book The Economic Viability of Gas-to-liquids Technology and the Crude Oil-natural Gas Price Relationship written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper explores the viability of a gas-to-liquids (GTL) technology and examines how GTL penetration could shape the evolution of the crude oil–natural gas price ratio. Much research has established the cointegrated relationship between crude oil and natural gas prices in the U.S. The persistently low U.S. natural gas prices in recent years seem to mark a shift in this relationship, and have led some in industry to begin considering investments in GTL capacity in the US. In order to look forward over decades when the underlying economic drivers may be outside of historical experience, we use a computable general equilibrium model of the global economy to evaluate the economic viability of GTL and its impact on the evolution of the crude oil–natural gas price ratio. Our results are negative for the potential role of GTL. In order to produce any meaningful penetration of GTL, we find it necessary to evaluate scenarios that seem extreme. With any carbon cap GTL is not viable. Moreover, even without a carbon cap of any kind, extremely optimistic assumptions about (i) the cost and efficiency of GTL technology and about (ii) the available resource base of natural gas and the cost of extraction, before the technology penetrates and it impacts the evolution of the crude oil–natural gas price ratio. JEL classification Q4, Q41, Q47, C68. Keywords: Gas-to-liquids technology, Natural gas price, Oil price, General equilibrium model.
Book Synopsis Liquefied Natural Gas in China by : Dean Girdis
Download or read book Liquefied Natural Gas in China written by Dean Girdis and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A report on key issues and options relating to the development of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) project in China. The objectives of the study were to examine the projected market for gas and to review the mechanisms and structures necessary to support the introduction of gas.
Book Synopsis Predictability of LNG [liquefied Natural Gas] Vapor Dispersion from Catastrophic Spills Onto Water by : Jerry A. Havens
Download or read book Predictability of LNG [liquefied Natural Gas] Vapor Dispersion from Catastrophic Spills Onto Water written by Jerry A. Havens and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Natural Gas as a Future Fuel for Heavy-Duty Vehicles by :
Download or read book Natural Gas as a Future Fuel for Heavy-Duty Vehicles written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In addition to their significant environmental impacts, medium-duty and heavy-duty (HD) vehicles are high volume fuel users. Development of such vehicles, which include transit buses, refuse trucks, and HD Class 6-8 trucks, that are fueled with natural gas is strategic to market introduction of natural gas vehicles (NGV). Over the past five years the Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Heavy Vehicle Technologies (OHVT) has funded technological developments in NGV systems to support the growth of this sector in the highly competitive transportation market. The goals are to minimize emissions associated with NGV use, to improve on the economies of scale, and to continue supporting the testing and safety assessments of all new systems. This paper provides an overview of the status of major projects under a program supported by DOE/OHVT and managed by Brookhaven National Laboratory. The discussion focuses on the program's technical strategy in meeting specific goals proposed by the N GV industry and the government. Relevant projects include the development of low-cost fuel storage, fueling infrastructure, and HD vehicle applications.
Book Synopsis Review of the U.S. Department of Energy's Heavy Vehicle Technologies Program by : National Research Council
Download or read book Review of the U.S. Department of Energy's Heavy Vehicle Technologies Program written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-12-01 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As national priorities have been focused both on reducing fuel consumption and improving air quality, attention has increased on reducing emissions from many types of vehicles, including light-duty, medium-duty, and heavy-duty diesel-powered vehicles. Meeting the recently promulgated (and proposed) emission standards and simultaneously increasing fuel economy will pose especially difficult challenges for diesel-powered vehicles and will require the development of new emission-reduction technologies. In response to a request from the director of OHVT, the National Research Council formed the Committee on Review of DOE's Office of Heavy Vehicle Technologies to conduct a broad, independent review of its research and development (R&D) activities.
Book Synopsis Assessment of the Greenhouse Gas Emission Benefits of Heavy Duty Natural Gas Vehicles in the United States by : Christina Davies
Download or read book Assessment of the Greenhouse Gas Emission Benefits of Heavy Duty Natural Gas Vehicles in the United States written by Christina Davies and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research effort is to reduce the uncertainty associated with the greenhouse gas (GHG) benefits of heavy duty natural gas vehicles by producing new exhaust emission factors for carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from different heavy duty compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG) vehicle applications through a comprehensive analysis of existing vehicle emissions test data.
Author :Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology. Efficiency and Alternative Energy Technology Branch Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages : pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (613 download)
Book Synopsis Feasibility Study of Liquefied Natural Gas Fuelling for Heavy Duty Vehicles by : Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology. Efficiency and Alternative Energy Technology Branch
Download or read book Feasibility Study of Liquefied Natural Gas Fuelling for Heavy Duty Vehicles written by Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology. Efficiency and Alternative Energy Technology Branch and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Natural Gas Vehicles by : John G. Ingersoll
Download or read book Natural Gas Vehicles written by John G. Ingersoll and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 1996 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in the technologies necessary to make natural gas vehicles a practical reality have led to a surge of interest in developing the necessary infrastructure for broader market penetration. This important reference contains a compendium of up-to-the-minute information addressing every aspect of natural gas vehicles, including cost parameters, environmental benefits, and an examination of market penetration strategies. The book provides a comprehensive assessment of natural gas as a vehicular fuel, covering availability issues, recent breakthroughs in vehicle on-board storage, and comparison with other low-polluting fuel technologies, including hydrogen and methane. The roles for federal, state and local governments, auto manufacturers and natural gas suppliers in making both natural gas vehicles and the fuel to operate them widely available, are examined.
Book Synopsis Natural Gas-Powered Cars and Trucks by : Hayley Ackerman
Download or read book Natural Gas-Powered Cars and Trucks written by Hayley Ackerman and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increase in domestic supplies of natural gas has raised new interest in expanding its use in the transportation sector. This book considers issues related to wider use of natural gas as a fuel in passenger cars and commercial vehicles. This book is designed to help fleets understand the cost factors associated with fueling infrastructure for compressed natural gas (CNG) vehicles. It provides estimated cost ranges for various sizes and types of CNG fueling stations and an overview of factors that contribute to the total cost of an installed station; and describes how the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) used the VICE model to establish guidance for fleets making decisions about using CNG.
Book Synopsis Vehicle Technology Under CO2 Constraint by : Andreas Schäfer
Download or read book Vehicle Technology Under CO2 Constraint written by Andreas Schäfer and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 985 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study is presented of the rates of penetration of different transport technologies under policy constraints on CO2 emissions. The response of this sector is analyzed within an overall national level of restriction, with a focus on automobiles, light trucks, and heavy freight trucks. Using the US as an example, a linked set of three models is used to carry out the analysis: a multi-sector computable general equilibrium model of the economy, a MARKAL-type model of vehicle and fuel supply technology, and a model simulating the split of personal and freight transport among modes. Results highlight the importance of incremental improvements in conventional internal combustion engine technology, and, in the absence of policies to overcome observed consumer discount rates, the very long time horizons before radical alternatives like the internal combustion engine hybrid drive train vehicle are likely to take substantial market share.
Download or read book Natural Gas Vehicles written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, recent shale gas discoveries have generated renewed interest in using natural gas as a vehicular fuel, primarily in fleet applications, while outside the United States, natural gas vehicle use has expanded significantly in the past decade. In this report for the U.S. Department of Energy's Clean Cities Program - a public-private partnership that advances the energy, economic, and environmental security of the U.S. by supporting local decisions that reduce petroleum use in the transportation sector - we have examined the state of natural gas vehicle technology, current market status, energy and environmental benefits, implications regarding advancements in European natural gas vehicle technologies, research and development efforts, and current market barriers and opportunities for greater market penetration. The authors contend that commercial intracity trucks are a prime area for advancement of this fuel. Therefore, we examined an aggressive future market penetration of natural gas heavy-duty vehicles that could be seen as a long-term goal. Under this scenario using Energy Information Administration projections and GREET life-cycle modeling of U.S. on-road heavy-duty use, natural gas vehicles would reduce petroleum consumption by approximately 1.2 million barrels of oil per day, while another 400,000 barrels of oil per day reduction could be achieved with significant use of natural gas off-road vehicles. This scenario would reduce daily oil consumption in the United States by about 8%.
Author :Committee on Assessment of Technologies and Approaches for Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- And Heavy-Duty Vehicles Phase Two Publisher : ISBN 13 :9780309386715 Total Pages :116 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (867 download)
Book Synopsis Reducing the Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- And Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two by : Committee on Assessment of Technologies and Approaches for Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- And Heavy-Duty Vehicles Phase Two
Download or read book Reducing the Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- And Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two written by Committee on Assessment of Technologies and Approaches for Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- And Heavy-Duty Vehicles Phase Two and published by . This book was released on 2014-10-02 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medium- and heavy-duty trucks, motor coaches, and transit buses - collectively, "medium- and heavy-duty vehicles," or MHDVs - are used in every sector of the economy. The fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of MHDVs have become a focus of legislative and regulatory action in the past few years. "Reducing the Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two" is a follow-on to the National Research Council's 2010 report, "Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium-and Heavy-Duty Vehicles." That report provided a series of findings and recommendations on the development of regulations for reducing fuel consumption of MHDVs. This report comprises the first periodic, five-year follow-on to the 2010 report. "Reducing the Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two" reviews NHTSA fuel consumption regulations and considers the technological, market and regulatory factors that may be of relevance to a revised and updated regulatory regime taking effect for model years 2019-2022. The report analyzes and provides options for improvements to the certification and compliance procedures for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles; reviews an updated analysis of the makeup and characterization of the medium- and heavy-duty truck fleet; examines the barriers to and the potential applications of natural gas in class 2b through class 8 vehicles; and addresses uncertainties and performs sensitivity analyses for the fuel consumption and cost/benefit estimates.
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