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Author : Sait Akman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (118 download)
Download or read book Mitigating the Adjustment Costs of International Trade written by Sait Akman and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Guido Gustavo Porto
Publisher : Centre for Economic Policy Research
ISBN 13 : 9781907142086
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (42 download)
Download or read book Trade Adjustment Costs in Developing Countries written by Guido Gustavo Porto and published by Centre for Economic Policy Research. This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the state of knowledge in the economic literature on trade and development regarding the costs of adjustment to trade openness and how adjustment takes place in developing countries. The contributions by leading experts look at: *the magnitude of trade adjustment costs in the presence of frictions in factor markets; *the impacts of trade shocks and greater trade openness; *the factors that affect the way trade, especially exports, adjust; *trade adjustment assistance programs in the U.S. and compensation schemes for farmers in the EU. The book will be relevant to academics, students, policy-makers and trade practitioners alike. Too often, policymakers avoid more open trade because they fear the adjustment costs, while proponents of such open trade overlook or dismiss them. This comprehensive set of papers takes these costs seriously and helps us appreciate where both sides go wrong. It provides an extremely useful survey of what we know and what we still need to know if the benefits from trade are to be more widespread within developing countries --Robert Lawrence, Albert L Williams Professor of International Trade Harvard Kennedy School.Trade expansion generates huge potential gains to developing countries, but it may also produce pains to specific socio-economic groups. This volume by world-renowned trade and labour experts offers the first comprehensive assessment of how trade adjustment takes place in developing countries, what its costs are and how policy can help mitigate them. As such it is an important and timely contribution to the debate on the costs and benefits of globalisation for developing countries.A --Andre Sapir, Professor of Economics, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management, and former Economic Advisor to the President of the European Commission
Author : Jun Li
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (271 download)
Download or read book Two Essays on Adjustment Costs in International Trade Models written by Jun Li and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Kym Anderson
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0410140910
Total Pages : 59 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)
Download or read book The Challenge of Reducing Subsidies and Trade Barriers written by Kym Anderson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This is one of 10 studies for the Copenhagen Consensus Project that sought to evaluate the most feasible opportunities to improve welfare globally and alleviate poverty in developing countries. Anderson argues that phasing out distortionary government subsidies and barriers to international trade will yield an extraordinarily high benefit-cost ratio. A survey is provided of recent estimates using global economywide simulation models of the benefits of doing that by way of the current Doha round of multilateral trade negotiations. Even if adjustment costs are several times as large as suggested by available estimates, the benefit-cost ratio from seizing this opportunity exceeds 20. That is much higher than the rewards from regional or bilateral trade agreements or from providing preferential access for least-developed countries' exports to high-income countries. Such reform would simultaneously contribute to alleviating several of the other key challenges reflected in the United Nation's Millennium Development Goals"--Abstract.
Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498347010
Total Pages : 65 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)
Download or read book Making Trade an Engine of Growth for All written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-10-04 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of trade in the global economy is at a critical juncture. Increased trade integration helped to drive economic growth in advanced and developing economies in the latter part of the 20th century. Since the early 2000’s, however, a slowdown in the pace of trade reform, a post-crisis uptick in protectionism, and risk of further reversals have been a drag on trade, productivity, and income growth. At the same time, trade is leaving too many individuals and communities behind, notably also in advanced economies. To be sure, job losses in certain sectors or regions in advanced economies have resulted to a large extent from technological changes rather than from trade. But adjustment to trade can bring a human and economic downside that is frequently concentrated, sometimes harsh, and has too often become prolonged. It need not be that way. With the right policies, countries can benefit from the great opportunities that trade brings and lift up those who have been left behind. Those polices ease adjustment to trade, as well as strengthen overall economic flexibility and performance.
Author : Marc Bacchetta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Adjusting to Trade Liberalization written by Marc Bacchetta and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication identifies tools at the disposal of governments to smooth adjustment, to minimize an economy's adjustment costs and to alleviate the burden of those who suffer most.--Publisher's description.
Author : Abeer Mohamed Elshennawy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book The Transitional Costs to Trade Liberalization written by Abeer Mohamed Elshennawy and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : David A. Riker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)
Download or read book Adjustment Costs, Trade Policy, and Labor Market Dynamics written by David A. Riker and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We develop a model of the path of wages and employment in an industry before and after a significant reduction in tariffs on industry imports. The model includes forwardlooking workers who face significant adjustment costs of moving to another industry. We apply the model to recent data for the U.S. furniture industry in a series of simulations of hypothetical tariff reductions. The model suggests that immediately and unexpectedly eliminating the 6.6% average tariff rate on U.S. furniture imports would reduce domestic employment in the industry by 3.0% in the first two years and by a cumulative 6.3% after five years. Wages would immediately decline by 4.5% and then recover gradually over several years. In contrast, staging the tariff reduction would result in less costly labor adjustment, and wage premia in anticipation of the tariff reduction would partly compensate the workers for upcoming wage losses and adjustment costs. We extend the model to incorporate uncertainty about total expenditure on the domestic and imported products.
Author : Michael J. Trebilcock
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1788971434
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (889 download)
Download or read book Advanced Introduction to International Trade Law written by Michael J. Trebilcock and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2020-01-31 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by two leading scholars with 60 years of collective experience in the area, this insightful updated second edition provides a clear and concise introduction to the fundamental components of international trade law, presenting the basic structure and principles of this complex area of law, alongside elucidation of specific GATT and WTO legal rules and institutions. Key updates include references to the most recent cases, decisions and treaty negotiation developments, analysis of populist critiques of international trade law and analysis of new areas including digital trade and security exceptions.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (131 download)
Download or read book International Trade During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Big Shifts and Uncertainty written by and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International trade plunged in 2020 but recovered sharply in 2021. While total trade flows are now comfortably above pre-pandemic levels, trade impacts across specific goods, services and trade partners are highly diverse, creating pressures on specific sectors and supply chains. The changes in the trade structure caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in a single year was of a similar magnitude to changes otherwise typically seen over 4-5 years. Substantial imbalances across trade partners and products remained at the end of 2021, and not all of the accumulated losses from the earlier steep declines were recuperated. The heterogeneity of trade impacts and changes in trade flows across products, sources and destinations signifies high uncertainty and adjustment costs, and implies additional incentives for consumers, firms and governments to adopt new -- or to intensify existing -- risk mitigation strategies.
Author : Griffin Hayward
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781629482484
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (824 download)
Download or read book Trade Adjustment Assistance for Firms written by Griffin Hayward and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade liberalisation can enhance the economic welfare of all trade partners, but in adjusting to greater competition, many import- competing firms and workers face difficult problems. Since 1962, Congress has responded to these adjustment costs by authorising trade adjustment assistance (TAA) programs for workers, firms, and farmers, and continues to monitor their performance and amend the governing legislation. This book discusses the Trade Adjustment Assistance for Firms (TAAF) program, which provides technical assistance to trade- affected firms to help them develop strategies to remain competitive in a dynamic international economy. Legislation has been introduced in the 113th Congress that would reauthorise TAA programs, which are set to expire on December 31, 2013. President Obama also has supported TAA reauthorisation, linking it to renewal of Trade Promotion Authority (TPA).
Author : Thomas Cottier
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book International Trade Regulation and the Mitigation of Climate Change written by Thomas Cottier and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-09-24 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on the expertise of leading voices, this book takes stock of key challenges in addressing climate change mitigation, serving as a reference tool for understanding the interface between international trade and climate and shedding light on key issues including global commons, border tax adjustment, subsidies and biofuels.
Author : Jakob Engel
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464817057
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)
Download or read book The Distributional Impacts of Trade written by Jakob Engel and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-06-09 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade is a well-established driver of growth and poverty reduction.But changes in trade policy also have distributional impacts that create winners and losers. It is vital to understand and clearly communicate how trade affects economic well-being across all segments of the population, as well as how policies can more effectively ensure that the gains from trade are distributed more widely. The Distributional Impacts of Trade: Empirical Innovations, Analytical Tools, and Policy Responses provides a deeper understanding of the distributional effects of trade across regions, industries, and demographic groups within countries over time. It includes an overview (chapter 1); a review of innovations in empirical and theoretical work covering the impacts of trade at the subnational level (chapter 2); highlights from empirical case studies on Bangladesh, Brazil, Mexico, South Africa, and Sri Lanka (chapter 3); and a policy agenda to improve distributional outcomes from trade (chapter 4). This book comes at a time when the shock from COVID-19 (coronavirus) adds to an already uncertain trade policy environment in which the value of the multilateral trading system has been under increased scrutiny. A better understanding of how trade affects distributional outcomes can lead to more inclusive policies and support the ability of countries to maximize broad-based benefits from trade.
Author : Joseph Elbridge Gagnon
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (138 download)
Download or read book Adjustments costs and international trade dynamics written by Joseph Elbridge Gagnon and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Claire H. Hollweg
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464802637
Total Pages : 123 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)
Download or read book Sticky Feet written by Claire H. Hollweg and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-07-03 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report quantifies labor mobility costs in developing countries and simulates the implied adjustment paths of employment and wages following a change in trade policy. High mobility costs are shown to reduce the potential gains to trade reform.
Author : Nagwa Riad
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1463973101
Total Pages : 87 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (639 download)
Download or read book Changing Patterns of Global Trade written by Nagwa Riad and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-01-15 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changing Patterns of Global Trade outlines the factors underlying important shifts in global trade that have occurred in recent decades. The emergence of global supply chains and their increasing role in trade patterns allowed emerging market economies to boost their inputs in high-technology exports and is associated with increased trade interconnectedness.The analysis points to one important trend taking place over the last decade: the emergence of China as a major systemically important trading hub, reflecting not only the size of trade but also the increase in number of its significant trading partners.
Author : Christine Arriola
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 41 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book The Impact of COVID-19 on Directions and Structure of International Trade written by Christine Arriola and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2020 marked some of the largest reductions in trade and output volumes since WWII. Focusing on the COVID-19 pandemic and using the latest monthly and quarterly data on international trade of selected countries and products, this paper documents key shifts in geographical direction and product composition of international trade in 2020. Trade in services declined by more than twice as much as trade in goods and its recovery has also been slower. While the size of the drop in global trade relative to the drop in output in 2020 was smaller than during the Global Financial Crisis (GFC), this was not related to the overall size of the trade impacts in 2020, but rather reflects the significant heterogeneity of trade and production impacts across specific goods, services and trade partners from COVID-19. Trade in several types of goods plummeted, while that in others increased markedly. As a result, the variation in trade impacts across the different product categories in 2020 was not only larger than during the GFC, but also larger than in any other year during the past two decades. The product structure of countries' goods trade also changed significantly in 2020, indicating large adjustments. While some international supply chains came under pressure in early months of the pandemic, the data also show that supply chains were instrumental in the resumption of economic activity. The distance travelled by imported products actually continued to increase in 2020, largely as a result of China and other Asian countries filling supply gaps resulting from lockdowns and demand changes in other regions. These shifts occurred in the context of significant perturbations in the international transport sector. While it is not known which of the changes in 2020 will be only short-lived, some seem to show signs of longer-term shifts or are likely to result in long-term adjustments. Above all, the unprecedented heterogeneity of changes in trade flows across products, sources and destinations seen in 2020 suggests high uncertainty and adjustment costs, and implies an increased need - and incentives - for consumers, firms and governments to adopt new or intensify existing risk mitigation strategies.
