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Author : Chandler Davidson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Minority Vote Dilution written by Chandler Davidson and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Stephen L. Wasby
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Vote Dilution, Minority Voting Rights, and the Courts written by Stephen L. Wasby and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Paige A. Epstein
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (884 download)
Download or read book Addressing Minority Vote Dilution Through State Voting Rights Acts written by Paige A. Epstein and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Passed largely to address the problem of vote dilution and racially polarized voting, the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (VRA) bans racial discrimination in voting practices by federal, state, and local governments. While the VRA has been successful in many respects, several large gaps remain. In an effort to narrow some of the gaps left by the federal VRA, four states have enacted or proposed individual state-VRAs or functional equivalents (herein referred to as individual state VRAs). In this paper, I seek to explore how these states have attempted to use individual VRAs - and how successful they have been - in closing the gaps in coverage existing under the federal VRA. For each of the four enacted or proposed VRAs, I explore the background of the legislation, followed by an analysis of how the legislation operates. For California, Illinois, and Florida (the three states with enacted individual state VRAs) I then examine how successful the legislation has been in increasing minority representation, and how it can be strengthened to further the state's goals. Since Washington's VRA has yet to become law, I explore the background, followed by an analysis of the proposed legislation. I conclude by assessing which individual state VRAs - or aspects thereof - are best suited to serve as models for the forty-six other states without such legislation. I find that all four state VRAs are ultimately successful insofar as they expand protection against minority vote dilution beyond that which is afforded to minority voters under the federal VRA. However, the level of success varies by state plan.
Author : Bernard Grofman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521477642
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (776 download)
Download or read book Minority Representation and the Quest for Voting Equality written by Bernard Grofman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the passage of the Voting Rights Act in 1965, the right of minorities to register and vote was largely secured. It was soon discovered, however, that minority voting did not guarantee the election of minorities or minority-preferred candidates. Indeed, efforts by states and localities in the second half of the 1960s were aimed at denying any substantial minority representation to go along with the ability to cast ballots. Eventually congressional amendments to the Act along with the Supreme Court opinion in Thornburg v. Gingles (1986) have led to efforts to eliminate electoral laws that have the effect of diluting the minority vote, whether or not they were enacted with discriminatory intent. Controversy still surrounds the matter of minority representation, however, because of the ambiguity of certain aspects of the law and because of problems in applying it to the largely single-member district context of the 1990s. This book is the most up-to-date treatment of voting rights law and the numerous controversies surrounding minority representation. The authors have extensive, firsthand experience in both the legal battles and the scholarly examination of these issues. Based on this wealth of experience, they describe the development of the law after 1965, discuss in detail the prevailing Supreme Court interpretation of the Voting Rights Act, and examine discrepancies in federal court interpretations of subsequent actions. They also introduce the reader to technical procedures for establishing standards of representation and measuring discrimination. In the final two chapters, they consider the application of voting rights law to districting in the 1990s along with the implications of recent developments for the future of representation in America.
Author : Lisa Robin Handley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 706 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (253 download)
Download or read book The Quest for Minority Voting Rights written by Lisa Robin Handley and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Myrna Perez
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (212 download)
Download or read book Casting Empty Ballots written by Myrna Perez and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Melissa Nancy Bayer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (185 download)
Download or read book Minority Representation and the Voting Rights Act written by Melissa Nancy Bayer and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States Commission on Civil Rights
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)
Download or read book The Voting Rights Act of 1965 written by United States Commission on Civil Rights and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Thomas M. Durbin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (4 download)
Download or read book Congressional and State Legislative Redistricting and Racial Vote Dilution Under Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 written by Thomas M. Durbin and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mark E. Rush
Publisher : Praeger
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 586 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Voting Rights and Redistricting in the United States written by Mark E. Rush and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1998-10-30 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This up-to-date collection of essays addresses key elements of the law and politics of voting rights: the Supreme Court's jurisprudence, the impact of the Voting Rights Act, and the opportunities for enhanced minority representation posed by alternative electoral systems. This volume, comprised of contributions by leading legal and political science practitioners in the field of voting rights, will be a valuable resource to experienced researchers and newcomers to the field. It includes current assessments of the intricacies of the Supreme Court's decisions, current research on the impact of the the Voting Rights Act on the various minority groups it purports to assist, and critical analysis of the use of alternative electoral systems.
Author : Bernard N. Grofman
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 9780815707257
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (72 download)
Download or read book Controversies in Minority Voting written by Bernard N. Grofman and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Widely regarded as one of the most successful pieces of modern legislation, the Voting Rights Act of 1965 has transformed the nature of minority participation and representation in the United States. But with success came controversy as some scholars claim the Act has outlived its usefulness or been subverted in its aim. This volume brings together leading scholars to offer a twenty-five year perspective on the consequences of this landmark act. The Fifteenth Amendment, ratified in 1870, stated that the right of U.S. citizens to vote "shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or condition of previous servitude." The South, however, virtually ignored this right, disfranchising blacks through violence, intimidation, literacy tests, and poll taxes. The primary purpose of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was to break down these barriers to minority voting. Beginning with chapters covering the key provisions of the Act, the book discusses the way the Act has transformed American politics and looks at the role played by major civil rights groups in lobbying for extensions and amendments to it and in insuring that its provisions would be enforced.
Author : David A. Bositis
Publisher : University Press of America
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Redistricting and Minority Representation written by David A. Bositis and published by University Press of America. This book was released on 1998 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collects the four major papers and three commentaries from the January 1997 conference convened by the Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies on the prospects for minority representation in the US. Topics include examinations of the present and future politics of majority-minority districts, a number of voting rights/reapportionment issues of particular salience to Hispanics, the legal issues surrounding the creation of districts, and the enduring significance of racially polarized voting on the electoral chances of black candidates. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author : Sharyn O’Halloran
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610441893
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (14 download)
Download or read book The Future of the Voting Rights Act written by Sharyn O’Halloran and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2006-09-21 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Voting Rights Act (VRA) stands among the great achievements of American democracy. Originally adopted in 1965, the Act extended full political citizenship to African-American voters in the United States nearly 100 years after the Fifteenth Amendment first gave them the vote. While Section 2 of the VRA is a nationwide, permanent ban on discriminatory election practices, Section 5, which is set to expire in 2007, targets only certain parts of the country, requiring that legislative bodies in these areas—mostly southern states with a history of discriminatory practices—get permission from the federal government before they can implement any change that affects voting. In The Future of the Voting Rights Act, David Epstein, Rodolfo de la Garza, Sharyn O'Halloran, and Richard Pildes bring together leading historians, political scientists, and legal scholars to assess the role Section 5 should play in America's future. The contributors offer varied perspectives on the debate. Samuel Issacharoff questions whether Section 5 remains necessary, citing the now substantial presence of blacks in legislative positions and the increasingly partisan enforcement of the law by the Department of Justice (DOJ). While David Epstein and Sharyn O'Halloran are concerned about political misuse of Section 5, they argue that it can only improve minority voting power—even with a partisan DOJ—and therefore continues to serve a valuable purpose. Other contributors argue that the achievements of Section 5 with respect to blacks should not obscure shortcomings in the protection of other groups. Laughlin McDonald argues that widespread and systematic voting discrimination against Native Americans requires that Section 5 protections be expanded to more counties in the west. Rodolfo de la Garza and Louis DeSipio point out that the growth of the Latino population in previously homogenous areas and the continued under-representation of Latinos in government call for an expanded Section 5 that accounts for changing demographics. As its expiration date approaches, it is vital to examine the role that Section 5 still plays in maintaining a healthy democracy. Combining historical perspective, legal scholarship, and the insight of the social sciences, The Future of the Voting Rights Act is a crucial read for anyone interested in one of this year's most important policy debates and in the future of civil rights in America.
Author : Kathleen L. Barber
Publisher : Ohio State University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780814208540
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (85 download)
Download or read book A Right to Representation written by Kathleen L. Barber and published by Ohio State University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "From this practice stems the endemic underrepresentation of minorities in our political life. Enforcement of the Voting Rights Act has led to increased minority electoral success, but the strategy most commonly used - creation of majority-minority districts - has come under attack in the Supreme Court.".
Author : J. Morgan Kousser
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN 13 : 0807862657
Total Pages : 603 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)
Download or read book Colorblind Injustice written by J. Morgan Kousser and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2000-11-09 with total page 603 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Challenging recent trends both in historical scholarship and in Supreme Court decisions on civil rights, J. Morgan Kousser criticizes the Court's "postmodern equal protection" and demonstrates that legislative and judicial history still matter for public policy. Offering an original interpretation of the failure of the First Reconstruction (after the Civil War) by comparing it with the relative success of the Second (after World War II), Kousser argues that institutions and institutional rules--not customs, ideas, attitudes, culture, or individual behavior--have been the primary forces shaping American race relations throughout the country's history. Using detailed case studies of redistricting decisions and the tailoring of electoral laws from Los Angeles to the Deep South, he documents how such rules were designed to discriminate against African Americans and Latinos. Kousser contends that far from being colorblind, Shaw v. Reno (1993) and subsequent "racial gerrymandering" decisions of the Supreme Court are intensely color-conscious. Far from being conservative, he argues, the five majority justices and their academic supporters are unreconstructed radicals who twist history and ignore current realities. A more balanced view of that history, he insists, dictates a reversal of Shaw and a return to the promise of both Reconstructions.
Author : Frank R. Parker
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 0807869694
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)
Download or read book Black Votes Count written by Frank R. Parker and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2011-03-18 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most Americans see the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 as the culmination of the civil rights movement. When the law was enacted, black voter registration in Mississippi soared. Few black candidates won office, however. In this book, Frank Parker describes black Mississippians' battle for meaningful voting rights, bringing the story up to 1986, when Mike Espy was elected as Mississippi's first black member of Congress in this century. To nullify the impact of the black vote, white Mississippi devised a political "massive resistance" strategy, adopting such disenfranchising devices as at-large elections, racial gerrymandering, making elective offices appointive, and revising the qualifications for candidates for public office. As legal challenges to these mechanisms mounted, Mississippi once again became the testing ground for deciding whether the promises of the Fifteenth Amendment would be fulfilled, and Parker describes the court battles that ensued until black voters obtained relief.
Author : Ellen D. Katz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Reviving the Right to Vote written by Ellen D. Katz and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Losers in partisan districting battles have long challenged the resulting districting plans under seemingly unrelated legal doctrines. They have filed lawsuits alleging malapportionment, racial gerrymandering, and racial vote dilution, and they periodically prevail. Many election law scholars worry about these lawsuits, claiming that they needlessly "racialize" fundamentally political disputes, distort important legal doctrines designed for other purposes, and provide an inadequate remedy for a fundamentally distinct electoral problem. This Essay argues that the application of distinct doctrines to invalidate or diminish what are indisputably partisan gerrymanders is not necessarily problematic, and that the practice may well have salutary effects. The focus is on the Supreme Court's recent decision in LULAC v. Perry, the most recent example of the sort of judicial decision about which election law scholars fret. Unable to articulate any constitutional problem with a blatant partisan gerrymander in Texas, the Supreme Court found traction under the Voting Rights Act and held that a portion of that gerrymander diluted minority voting strength in the southwest portion of the State. A close reading of that holding as well as the Court's refusal to provide relief on a related claim brought by African-American voters in Fort Worth reveals that the race-based injuries presented in LULAC were hardly an ancillary distraction obscuring the core dispute, but instead, a predictable consequence of the gerrymander itself. As important, the surprising manner in which the Court resolved the VRA claims suggests a nascent conception of political harm experienced by all voters when system is rigged to block competition. In other words, LULAC suggests that Justice Kennedy may find within the Voting Rights Act itself the standard he has been seeking for managing claims of partisan gerrymandering.
