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Migration And Poverty Alleviation In China
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Book Synopsis Migration and Poverty Alleviation in China by : Dewen Wang
Download or read book Migration and Poverty Alleviation in China written by Dewen Wang and published by International Organization for Migration (IOM). This book was released on 2007 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China has achieved remarkable progress in poverty alleviation since the start of its reform process, with rural poverty having dropped from 30.7 per cent in 1978 to 2.6 per cent in 2005. Rural-urban labour migration on an unprecedented scale played a vital role in rural income growth, poverty reduction and economic development. Empirical evidence shows that while the vast rural to urban migration does not significantly increase urban income poverty, labour market discrimination and social exclusion expose rural migrants to many risks and vulnerabilities in the cities, where the poor are becoming increasingly marginalised. Capacity building for the poor, the adoption of an integrated labour market system that also takes account of migrants, and the creation a of rural social security system are the three important poverty alleviation options promoted by the government. Although migration in China has unique institutional characteristics owing to the existence of the hukou system (Household Registration System), the experience of China has important lessons for our understanding of the impact of migration on development and poverty reduction.
Book Synopsis Urban Migrants and Poverty Reduction in China by : Genevieve Domenach-Chich Huang Ping
Download or read book Urban Migrants and Poverty Reduction in China written by Genevieve Domenach-Chich Huang Ping and published by Paths International Ltd. This book was released on 2012-04-01 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urban Poverty Reduction Among Migrants in China is the result of a large-scale research project conducted across China from 2002 to 2010. Packed full of original material, academic analysis, expert knowledge and practical policy suggestions, it paints a detailed picture of the consequences of China's startling economic transformation. Written by the experts at Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) working in partnership with UNESCO.
Book Synopsis Ecological Migration, Development and Transformation by : Peilin Li
Download or read book Ecological Migration, Development and Transformation written by Peilin Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-05 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After over 30 years of reform and opening up, China’s aggregate economic volume is now the second largest in the world. Over the past decade many provinces in the western region of China have implemented ecological migration projects of different scales, which have attracted considerable attention both in China and abroad. The projects indicate, first, that there is an urgent need for this type of endeavor: whether the goal is to reduce poverty or to protect the environment, we need to move the poor populations out of the ecologically fragile regions. Secondly, the projects indicate that the Chinese government is capable of meeting this need. Migration projects are complex and costly and without sufficient financial resources and systematic planning, migration may fail to reduce poverty, and could even aggravate it. The rapid economic growth in China, however, makes such migration projects viable.
Book Synopsis Migration and Poverty by : Edmundo Murrugarra
Download or read book Migration and Poverty written by Edmundo Murrugarra and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010-11-24 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume uses recent research from the World Bank to document and analyze the bidirectional relationship between poverty and migration in developing countries. The case studies chapters compiled in this book (from Tanzania, Nepal, Albania and Nicaragua), as well as the last, policy-oriented chapter illustrate the diversity of migration experience and tackle the complicated nexus between migration and poverty reduction. Two main messages emerge: Although evidence indicates that migration reduces poverty, it also shows that migration opportunities of the poor differ from that of the rest. In general, the evidence suggests that the poor either migrate less or migrate to low return destinations. As a consequence, many developing countries are not maximizing the poverty-reducing potential of migration. The main reason behind this outcome is difficulties in access to remunerative migration opportunities and the high costs associated with migrating. It is shown, for example, that reducing migration costs makes migration more pro-poor. The volume shows that developing countries governments are not without means to improve this situation. Several of the country examples offer a few policy recommendations towards this end.
Download or read book China's Poor Regions written by Mei Zhang and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-03-01 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The number of poor people in China is huge, despite recent economic advances. This book investigates the problem of poverty in China's regions, discussing in particular the role of rural-urban migration in reducing poverty. It surveys the distribution and characteristics of poverty, examines anti-poverty initiatives by the Chinese government and includes the results of original research conducted in Shanxi, a typical province in Central China.
Book Synopsis Labour Migration and Social Development in Contemporary China by : Rachel Murphy
Download or read book Labour Migration and Social Development in Contemporary China written by Rachel Murphy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-10-08 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the mid-1980s, mass migration from the countryside to urban areas has been one of the most dramatic and noticeable changes in China. Labour migration has not only exerted a profound impact on China’s economy; it has also had far-reaching consequences for its social development. This book examines labour migration in China, focusing on the social dimensions of this phenomenon, as well as on the economic aspects of the migration and development relationship. It provides in-depth coverage of pertinent topics which include the role of labour migration in poverty alleviation; the social costs of remittance and regional, gender and generational inequalities in their distribution; hukou reform and the inclusion of migrants in urban social security and medical insurance systems; the provision of schools for migrants’ children; the provision of sexual health services to migrants; the housing conditions of migrants; the mobilization of women workers’ social networks to improve labour protection; and the role of NGOs in providing social services for migrants. Throughout, it pays particular attention to policy implications, including the impact of the recent policy shift of the Chinese government, which has made social issues more central to national development policies, and has initiated policy reforms pertaining to migration.
Book Synopsis Migration and Poverty Alleviation in China. IOM Migration Research Series by : Ilse Pinto-Dobernig
Download or read book Migration and Poverty Alleviation in China. IOM Migration Research Series written by Ilse Pinto-Dobernig and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Urban Inequality and Segregation in Europe and China by : Gwilym Pryce
Download or read book Urban Inequality and Segregation in Europe and China written by Gwilym Pryce and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-16 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book explores new research directions in social inequality and urban segregation. With the goal of fostering an ongoing dialogue between scholars in Europe and China, it brings together an impressive team of international researchers to shed light on the entwined processes of inequality and segregation, and the implications for urban development. Through a rich collection of empirical studies at the city, regional and national levels, the book explores the impact of migration on cities, the related problems of social and spatial segregation, and the ramifications for policy reform. While the literature on both segregation and inequality has traditionally been dominated by European and North American studies, there is growing interest in these issues in the Chinese context. Economic liberalization, rapid industrial restructuring, the enormous growth of cities, and internal migration, have all reshaped the country profoundly. What have we learned from the European and North American experience of segregation and inequality, and what insights can be gleaned to inform the bourgeoning interest in these issues in the Chinese context? How is China different, both in terms of the nature and the consequences of segregation inequality, and what are the implications for future research and policy? Given the continued rise of China’s significance in the world, and its recent declaration of war on poverty, this book offers a timely contribution to scholarship, identifying the core insights to be learned from existing research, and providing important guidance on future directions for policy makers and researchers.
Book Synopsis The Impact of Remittances on Rural Poverty and Inequality in China by : Nong Zhu
Download or read book The Impact of Remittances on Rural Poverty and Inequality in China written by Nong Zhu and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Large numbers of agricultural labor moved from the countryside to cities after the economic reforms in China. Migration and remittances play an important role in transforming the structure of rural household income. This paper examines the impact of rural-to-urban migration on rural poverty and inequality in the case of Hubei province using the data of a 2002 household survey. Since remittances are a potential substitute for farm income, the paper presents counterfactual scenarios of what rural income, poverty, and inequality would have been in the absence of migration. The results show that, by providing alternatives to households with lower marginal labor productivity in agriculture, migration leads to an increase in rural income. In contrast to many studies that suggest the increasing share of non-farm income in total income widens inequality, this paper offers support for the hypothesis that migration tends to have egalitarian effects on rural income for three reasons: (i) migration is rational self-selection - farmers with higher agricultural productivities choose to remain in local agricultural production while those with higher expected return in urban non-farm sectors migrate; (ii) poorer households facing binding constraints of land shortage are more likely to migrate; and (iii) the poorest poor benefit disproportionately from remittances.
Author :Iom International Organization For Migration Publisher :Academic Foundation ISBN 13 :9788171885732 Total Pages :272 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (857 download)
Book Synopsis Migration, Development and Poverty Reduction in Asia by : Iom International Organization For Migration
Download or read book Migration, Development and Poverty Reduction in Asia written by Iom International Organization For Migration and published by Academic Foundation. This book was released on 2008 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :World Bank;Development Research Center of the State Council, the People's Republic of China Publisher :World Bank Publications ISBN 13 :1464818789 Total Pages :170 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (648 download)
Book Synopsis Four Decades of Poverty Reduction in China by : World Bank;Development Research Center of the State Council, the People's Republic of China
Download or read book Four Decades of Poverty Reduction in China written by World Bank;Development Research Center of the State Council, the People's Republic of China and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2022-09-22 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regardless of the poverty line used, the speed and scale of China’s poverty reduction is historically unprecedented. Over the past 40 years, the number of people in China with incomes below US$1.90 per day—the international poverty line as defined by the World Bank to track global extreme poverty—has fallen by close to 800 million, accounting for almost three-quarters of the global reduction in extreme poverty. In 2021, China declared that it had eradicated extreme poverty according to its national poverty threshold, and that it had built a “moderately prosperous society in all respects.†? However, a significant number of people remain vulnerable, with incomes below a threshold more typically used to define poverty in upper-middle-income countries. China has set a new goal of approaching common prosperity by 2035, which can help keep the policy focus on the vulnerable population. Four Decades of Poverty Reduction in China: Drivers, Insights for the World, and the Way Ahead explores the key drivers of China’s poverty alleviation achievements and considers the lessons of China’s experience for other developing countries. The report also makes suggestions for China’s future policies. China’s approach to poverty reduction was based on two pillars. The first aimed for broad-based economic transformation to open new economic opportunities and raise average incomes. The second was the recognition that targeted support was needed to alleviate persistent poverty; this support was initially provided to disadvantaged areas and later to individual households. The success of China’s economic development and the associated reduction of poverty also benefited from effective governance, which helped coordinate multiple government agencies and induce cooperation from nongovernment stakeholders. To illustrate the role of broad-based economic transformation for poverty alleviation, separate sections of the report analyze growing agricultural productivity, incremental industrialization, managed urbanization and rural-to-urban migration, and the role of infrastructure.
Book Synopsis Loss and Damage from Climate Change by : Reinhard Mechler
Download or read book Loss and Damage from Climate Change written by Reinhard Mechler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-28 with total page 563 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an authoritative insight on the Loss and Damage discourse by highlighting state-of-the-art research and policy linked to this discourse and articulating its multiple concepts, principles and methods. Written by leading researchers and practitioners, it identifies practical and evidence-based policy options to inform the discourse and climate negotiations. With climate-related risks on the rise and impacts being felt around the globe has come the recognition that climate mitigation and adaptation may not be enough to manage the effects from anthropogenic climate change. This recognition led to the creation of the Warsaw International Mechanism on Loss and Damage in 2013, a climate policy mechanism dedicated to dealing with climate-related effects in highly vulnerable countries that face severe constraints and limits to adaptation. Endorsed in 2015 by the Paris Agreement and effectively considered a third pillar of international climate policy, debate and research on Loss and Damage continues to gain enormous traction. Yet, concepts, methods and tools as well as directions for policy and implementation have remained contested and vague. Suitable for researchers, policy-advisors, practitioners and the interested public, the book furthermore: • discusses the political, legal, economic and institutional dimensions of the issue• highlights normative questions central to the discourse • provides a focus on climate risks and climate risk management. • presents salient case studies from around the world.
Book Synopsis Ecological Migration and Targeted Poverty Alleviation in Ningxia by : Xiaoyi Wang
Download or read book Ecological Migration and Targeted Poverty Alleviation in Ningxia written by Xiaoyi Wang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-12-14 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assesses Ecological Migration and Precision Poverty Alleviation Measures, based on research conducted in Ningxia. “Resettling residents currently living in poor areas” is an important measure for “precise poverty alleviation.” China’s central government has provided extraordinary support for these areas, so as to help with “removing poverty nests,” “changing poverty industries,” and “pulling out the roots of poverty.”This book is mainly based on research conducted in Ningxia, one of the earliest areas in China to achieve poverty alleviation and development through immigration and relocation. Since the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, Ningxia’s ecological migration has been integrated into the process of new urbanization and industrialization. Poverty alleviation and relocation not only involves regional transfer, industrial transformation, and changes in livelihood, but also the social adaptation and integration of migrant groups. In addition to examining these aspects, the book shares stories of how impoverished individuals have succeeded in changing their fates.
Book Synopsis Rural Labor Migration and Poverty Reduction in China by : Peng Jia
Download or read book Rural Labor Migration and Poverty Reduction in China written by Peng Jia and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using various sources of data, this paper examines the contributions of rural labor migration to economic growth and poverty reduction in China. The results show that there is still a significant number of people living in poverty in rural areas, while the effectiveness of migration on poverty reduction has declined, implying an urgent need for new approaches to poverty reduction. China's experiences could also be valuable for the formulation of development strategies in other developing countries.
Book Synopsis Public Works and Poverty Alleviation in Rural China by : Ling Zhu
Download or read book Public Works and Poverty Alleviation in Rural China written by Ling Zhu and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 1996 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poverty alleviation is a common issue facing the majority of the Third World countries. Since the 1970s, the fact that the number of the poor in some developing countries has increased together with the fact that economic growth has aroused widespread concern of the international community. Therefore, development economics stressed the trade-off between "efficiency" and "equity" under special circumstances and clearly differentiated the concept of "growth" from "development." From then on, how to alleviate and eliminate poverty while pursuing economic growth became a development issue. At present, poverty in China is manifested as regional poverty in the rural society. Unlike the countries which allow free migration of population, the poor of China are concentrated in rural areas. This study focuses on the examination of the role of "Yigong-daizhen" projects in poverty alleviation.
Book Synopsis Rural-urban Migration in China by : Gordon McGranahan
Download or read book Rural-urban Migration in China written by Gordon McGranahan and published by IIED. This book was released on 2006 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Impact of Remittances on Rural Poverty and Inequality in China by : Nong Zhu
Download or read book The Impact of Remittances on Rural Poverty and Inequality in China written by Nong Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large numbers of agricultural labor moved from the countryside to cities after the economic reforms in China. Migration and remittances play an important role in transforming the structure of rural household income. This paper examines the impact of rural-to-urban migration on rural poverty and inequality in the case of Hubei province using the data of a 2002 household survey. Since remittances are a potential substitute for farm income, the paper presents counterfactual scenarios of what rural income, poverty, and inequality would have been in the absence of migration. The results show that, by providing alternatives to households with lower marginal labor productivity in agriculture, migration leads to an increase in rural income. In contrast to many studies that suggest the increasing share of non-farm income in total income widens inequality, this paper offers support for the hypothesis that migration tends to have egalitarian effects on rural income for three reasons: (i) migration is rational self-selection - farmers with higher agricultural productivities choose to remain in local agricultural production while those with higher expected return in urban non-farm sectors migrate; (ii) poorer households facing binding constraints of land shortage are more likely to migrate; and (iii) the poorest poor benefit disproportionately from remittances.
