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Microstructure And Temperature Effects On The Fatigue Variability Behavior Of An Alpha Beta Titanium Alloy And Implications For Life Prediction Postprint
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Book Synopsis Microstructure and Temperature Effects on the Fatigue Variability Behavior of AN Alpha+beta Titanium Alloy and Implications for Life Prediction (Postprint). by :
Download or read book Microstructure and Temperature Effects on the Fatigue Variability Behavior of AN Alpha+beta Titanium Alloy and Implications for Life Prediction (Postprint). written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have studied the effects of microstructure and temperature on the fatigue variability behavior of the alpha+beta titanium alloy, Ti-6Al2Zr-4Sn-6Mo (Ti-6-2-4-6). These variables had separate influence on the minimum, and the mean behavior. This was related to perhaps a fundamental aspect of fatigue variability which dictates that at any stress level, the mean is dominated by a mechanism different from the one controlling the lower-tail behavior. As a result in this material, while the mean response was increasingly dominated by the crack initiation regime with decreasing stress level (which is the conventionally expected behavior), at the same time the life-limiting behavior was controlled by the crack growth regime. This produced a very systematic effect of microstructure and temperature on total uncertainty in lifetime depending on the sensitivity of crack initiation and growth regimes to these variables. We suggest a new paradigm to treat the fatigue variability behavior and show that, this can have significant implications for life management especially, with respect to reducing the uncertainty with life prediction and improving the reliability of design life.
Book Synopsis Effects of Microstructure on Fatigue Behavior of Ü/Ý Titanium Alloys by : Vikas Sinha
Download or read book Effects of Microstructure on Fatigue Behavior of Ü/Ý Titanium Alloys written by Vikas Sinha and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Influence of Microstructure on Elevated-Temperature Fatigue Resistance of a Titanium Alloy by : C. Hoffmann
Download or read book Influence of Microstructure on Elevated-Temperature Fatigue Resistance of a Titanium Alloy written by C. Hoffmann and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The strain-controlled, elevated-temperature, low-cycle fatigue behavior of a near ? titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-0.1Si (Ti-6242S), has been studied in both air and vacuum (10-5 torr) at 525°C over a range of frequency and strain. Of particular interest in this investigation were the influence of microstructure and environment on fatigue behavior. Two different microstructures were obtained by combinations of mechanical processing and heat treatment above and below the ?-transus temperature. Particular attention was given to these microstructural variations and to the effect of environment on the high-temperature low-cycle fatigue behavior of this alloy. The nature of fatigue crack initiation sites was examined by a precision sectioning method. The microstructure was found to have a pronounced effect on fatigue life as well as on the fatigue crack initiation process. Tests performed in vacuum revealed no influence of frequency on fatigue life, which indicated that environmental factors were responsible for the observed frequency effect on tests performed in air. It was also observed that testing in vacuum led to the formation of a number of subsurface crack nucleation sites and to a longer fatigue life. Crack origins in specimens tested in air were located at the surface, and the initiation sites were larger than those observed in vacuum. The features of a fatigue resistant microstructure in addition to environmental effects at elevated temperature are identified and discussed.
Book Synopsis Investigation of the Effect of Microstructure and Texture on the Fatigue Properties and Deformation Modes of an Alpha + Beta Titanium Alloy, Ti-6Al-2Nb-1Ta-0.8Mo by : Donald Shengduen Shih
Download or read book Investigation of the Effect of Microstructure and Texture on the Fatigue Properties and Deformation Modes of an Alpha + Beta Titanium Alloy, Ti-6Al-2Nb-1Ta-0.8Mo written by Donald Shengduen Shih and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Integrating Temperature Dependence Into a Microstructure-sensitive Fatigue Model for Titanium Alloys by : Jared Michael Darius
Download or read book Integrating Temperature Dependence Into a Microstructure-sensitive Fatigue Model for Titanium Alloys written by Jared Michael Darius and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work seeks to integrate temperature dependence into a microstructure-sensitive fatigue model for titanium alloys produced by both extrusion and electron beam melting (EBM) additive manufacturing, revising and enhancing the MultiStage Fatigue (MSF) model as the foundational model framework. Traditional fatigue modeling has required design engineers to conservatively use a lower-bound estimate of fatigue life predictions given a statistically significant spread of experimental data that can span up to two or sometimes three orders of magnitude for a given test condition. This variation in fatigue data has since been accounted for with the advent of the MSF model, linking individual microstructures to their influence on fatigue life in three distinct stages: incubation, small crack growth, and long crack growth. Since the inception of the MSF model in 2003 by McDowell et al. [1] where it was applied to a cast aluminum alloy, its application has been expanded to a wide range of aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, steels, polymers, and even one titanium alloy made by laser engineered net shaping (LENS). The MSF model correlates a set of parameters to unify model constants for a given material chemistry across a range of alloys and processing methods. Currently, the Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) alloy is being implemented in aircraft and spacecraft as a corrosion-resistant lightweight structural metal with good strength retention at elevated temperatures. However, the MSF model lacks any temperature dependence. Therefore, this work integrates a temperature dependence to the MSF model for the first time, applying the model to the Ti64 alloy in two new processing methods. First the microstructure of both materials is characterized. Next, monotonic and fatigue experiments are conducted with both extruded and EBM Ti64 at room temperature and at elevated temperatures (150, 300, and 500 °C). Subsequent fractographic analysis reveals the most deleterious microstructures and failure mecha
Book Synopsis A Study of Microstructure, Tensile Deformation, Cyclic Fatigue and Final Fracture Behavior of Commercially Pure Titanium and a Titanium Alloy by : Udaykar Bathini
Download or read book A Study of Microstructure, Tensile Deformation, Cyclic Fatigue and Final Fracture Behavior of Commercially Pure Titanium and a Titanium Alloy written by Udaykar Bathini and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid industrial growth and advances in the domains of engineering and related technologies during the last fifty years have led to the extensive use of traditional metals and their alloy counterparts. Titanium is one such metal which has gained wide popularity in the aerospace and defense related applications owing to a wide range of impressive mechanical properties like excellent specific strength ([sigma]UTS/[rho]), stiffness, corrosion and erosion resistance, fracture toughness and capability to withstand significant temperature variations. Two materials, namely commercial purity titanium (Grade 2), referred to henceforth as Ti-CP (Grade 2) and the "work-horse" alloy Ti-6Al-4V have been chosen for this research study. The intrinsic influence of material composition and test specimen orientation on the tensile and fatigue behavior for both Ti-CP (Grade 2) and Ti-6Al-4V have been discussed. Samples of both Ti-CP (Grade 2) and Ti-6Al-4V were prepared from the as-provided plate stock along both the longitudinal and transverse orientations. The specimens were then deformed to failure in uniaxial tension for the tensile tests and cyclically deformed at different values of maximum stress at constant load ratio of 0.1 for the high cycle fatigue tests. The microstructure, tensile properties, resultant fracture behavior of the two materials is presented in the light of results obtained from the uniaxial tensile tests. The conjoint influence of intrinsic microstructural features, nature of loading and specimen properties on the tensile properties is discussed. Also, the macroscopic fracture mode, the intrinsic features on the fatigue fracture surface and the role of applied stress-microstructural feature interactions in governing failure for the cyclic fatigue properties for both the materials under study Ti-CP (Grade 2) and the "work-horse" alloy Ti-6Al-4V have been discussed in detail. Careful study of the microstructure for Ti-CP (Grade 2) material at a low magnification revealed the primary alpha grains to be intermingled with small pockets of beta grains. Observation at the higher allowable magnifications of the optical microscope revealed very fine alpha phase lamellae located within the beta grain. The microhardness and macrohardness measurements were consistent through the sheet specimen for Ti-CP (Grade 2) and slightly lower compared to Ti-6Al-4V. However, the macrohardness was marginally higher than the microhardness resulting from the presence of a large volume fraction of the soft alpha phase. The hardness values when plotted reveal marginal spatial variability. Tensile fracture of Ti-CP (Grade 2) was at an inclination to the far field tensile stress axis for both longitudinal and transverse orientations. The overload region revealed a combination of fine microscopic cracks, microscopic voids of varying size and randomly distributed through the surface, and a large population of shallow dimples, features reminiscent of locally brittle and ductile failure mechanisms. The maximum stress ([sigma]maximum) versus fatigue life (Nf) characteristics shown by this material is quite different from those non-ferrous metals that exhibit a well-defined endurance limit. When compared at equal values of maximum stress at a load ratio of 0.1, the fatigue life of the transverse specimen is noticeably greater than the longitudinal counterpart. At equivalent values of maximum elastic strain, the transverse specimens revealed noticeably improved fatigue life as compared one-on-one to the longitudinal counterparts. Careful observations of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy microstructure over a range of magnifications spanning very low to high magnification revealed a duplex microstructure consisting of the near equiaxed alpha and transformed beta phases. The primary near equiaxed shaped alpha grains (light in color) was well distributed in a lamellar matrix with transformed beta (dark in color). The microhardness and macrohardness values recorded for the Ti-6Al-4V alloy reveal it to be harder than the commercially pure (Grade 2) material. However, for the Ti-6Al-4V alloy the microhardness is noticeably higher than the corresponding macrohardness value that can be ascribed to the presence of a population of processing-related artifacts and the hard beta-phase. Tensile fracture of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy was macroscopically rough and essentially normal to the far field stress axis for the longitudinal orientation and cup-and-cone morphology for the transverse orientation. However, microscopically, the surface was rough and covered with a population of macroscopic and fine microscopic cracks, voids of varying size, a population of shallow dimples of varying size and shape, features reminiscent of locally brittle and ductile failure mechanisms. When compared at equal values of maximum stress at a load ratio of 0.1, there is a marginal to no influence of microstructure on high cycle fatigue life of both orientations of the alloy.
Book Synopsis Behavior of the High-Temperaturse Titanium Alloy IMI 834 Under Thermo-mechanical and Isothermal Fatigue Conditions by : P. Pototzky
Download or read book Behavior of the High-Temperaturse Titanium Alloy IMI 834 Under Thermo-mechanical and Isothermal Fatigue Conditions written by P. Pototzky and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The high-temperature titanium alloy IMI 834 was studied with regard to the stress-strain response under thermo-mechanical fatigue conditions, the evolution of the microstructure, the relevant damage mechanisms and their implications for fatigue life. For this purpose isothermal and thermo-mechanical fatigue tests were performed in the temperature range from 350°C to 650°C in vacuum and air, respectively, and changes in the microstructure were determined by means of transmission electron microscopy. It was found that planar dislocation slip prevails in all tests in which the temperature does not exceed 600°C. Hence, in this temperature range the stress-strain response under thermo-mechanical conditions can be predicted solely based on the isothermal behavior. By contrast, a transition to wavy slip takes place at higher temperatures, affecting significantly the stresses in the low-temperature part of the corresponding thermo-mechanical fatigue tests. Fatigue life was generally observed to be lower in out-of-phase tests as compared to in-phase loading. Furthermore, the tests performed in high vacuum demonstrated that oxidation strongly affects fatigue life, but does not basically change the influence of testing mode on cyclic life. This can mainly be attributed to the additional effect of the acting mean stress.
Book Synopsis Effect of Stress-Strain Behavior on Low-Cycle Fatigue of Alpha-Beta Titanium Alloys by : J. M. Krafft
Download or read book Effect of Stress-Strain Behavior on Low-Cycle Fatigue of Alpha-Beta Titanium Alloys written by J. M. Krafft and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In earlier NRL work, Ti-6Al-4V in four levels of interstitial oxygen content and a single Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V alloy plate were heat treated to alter grain size and/or microstructural character; the effect on fatigue crack propagation rate was measured. In this work, small tensile specimens of these materials are subjected to slow strain-controlled cyclic deformation leading to rupture in the 5-500 cycle range. Indication of crack initiation as well as rupture life are compared relative to the plastic excursion strain. On this basis, effects of grain size and oxygen content are not clearly discriminated. Yet, some of the materials exhibit markedly performance. This improvement seems to be related to a characteristic evolution in the shape of the cyclic stress-strain curve. Here, relative to a full convex hysteresis loop of early cycles, the later cycles exhibit a reduced stress level, or cyclic softening, in the first half of the excursion, followed by a resurgence of strength to initial stress levels in the latter portion. The enhanced strain hardening rate enabling this terminal strength restoration is thought to stabilize the deformation, reducing the amount of stress-relaxation-induced tensile strain. Taking such strain as an increment of damage in a cumulative cyclic creep strain criterion provides a correlation between the evolving shape of the cyclic stress-strain curve and the low cycle fatigue endurance. Results indicate the absolute increase in the terminal plastic strain hardening rate to be a constant of a material, independent of the cyclic strain excursion. (Author).
Book Synopsis Effect of Outdoor Exposure at Elevated Temperature on the Fatigue Life of Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V Titanium Alloy and AM 350 Stainless Steel Sheet by : Edward P. Phillips
Download or read book Effect of Outdoor Exposure at Elevated Temperature on the Fatigue Life of Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V Titanium Alloy and AM 350 Stainless Steel Sheet written by Edward P. Phillips and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fatigue of Beta Processed and Beta Heat-Treated Titanium Alloys by :
Download or read book Fatigue of Beta Processed and Beta Heat-Treated Titanium Alloys written by and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-10-29 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Stress Ratio, Elevated Temperature and Microstructural Effects on the Near-threshold Fatigue Behavior of Titanium Alloys by : Kelvin Lee Hunter
Download or read book Stress Ratio, Elevated Temperature and Microstructural Effects on the Near-threshold Fatigue Behavior of Titanium Alloys written by Kelvin Lee Hunter and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Alloy, Texture, and Microstructural Effects on the Yield Stress and Mixed Mode Fracture Toughness of Titanium by : WM. Parris
Download or read book Alloy, Texture, and Microstructural Effects on the Yield Stress and Mixed Mode Fracture Toughness of Titanium written by WM. Parris and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mixed mode fracture toughness, KQ, behavior of alpha-beta titanium alloys was examined in terms of: (1) alloy effects of aluminum, oxygen, and beta stabilizer, (2) processing effects of hot-roll and anneal temperatures, and (3) test direction. In the Ti-4V alloy system, alloying and processing effects interact in their influence on KQ in a complex manner. In the Ti-2Mo alloy system, oxygen depresses KQ after alpha-beta rolling, whereas aluminum has a similar effect after beta rolling; in each case the alloy effect dominates that of yield strength. In the overall analysis, texture as implied by a test direction effect, significantly influences KQ. The oxygen, texture, and microstructural effects on KO were shown by statistical methods to qualitatively parallel findings in the literature on titanium alloys regarding the effects of these variables on KIc.
Book Synopsis Effect of Initial Loads and of Moderately Elevated Temperature on the Room-temperature Fatigue Life of Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V Titanium-alloy Sheet by : L. A. Imig
Download or read book Effect of Initial Loads and of Moderately Elevated Temperature on the Room-temperature Fatigue Life of Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V Titanium-alloy Sheet written by L. A. Imig and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Microstructures on Low Cycle Fatigue Behavior in a TC6 (Ti-6AI-2.5Mo-2Cr-0.5Fe-0.3Si) Titanium Alloy by : Zhang SQ
Download or read book Effect of Microstructures on Low Cycle Fatigue Behavior in a TC6 (Ti-6AI-2.5Mo-2Cr-0.5Fe-0.3Si) Titanium Alloy written by Zhang SQ and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The results of an investigation on the low cycle fatigue (LCF) behavior, at room temperature and 400°C for four conventional microstructures (Widmannstatten, basket-weave, equiaxed, and duplex) in a TC6 titanium alloy are presented. The fatigue crack nucleation and propagation in fatigue-tested specimens have been observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The duplex microstructure is associated with the longest LCF life at room temperature and 400°C, while the Widmannstatten microstructure has the shortest. The crack initiation sites and propagation paths were examined and discussed. The cracks primarily initiated along slip bands on the specimen surface for all four microstructures. In addition, many voids appeared along slip bands for the equiaxed microstructure. By linking-up these voids, the formation of microcracks is realized. The propagation of interior cracks in specimens with Widmannstatten structure proceeded by cross-cutting W? platelets by way of a plastic blunting mechanism, whereas for the equiaxed microstructure interior cracks grew by the linking-up of voids by way of a renucleation mechanism.
Book Synopsis Influence of Microstructure on Fretting Fatigue Behavior of a Near-alpha Titanium Alloy by : T. Satoh
Download or read book Influence of Microstructure on Fretting Fatigue Behavior of a Near-alpha Titanium Alloy written by T. Satoh and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To investigate the effect of microstructure on the fretting fatigue behavior of a near-? titanium alloy, fretting fatigue tests were carried out using DAT54, which is used in compressor blades and disks in aircraft gas turbine engines. Two kinds of microstructure in DAT54 were prepared using different solution heat treatment temperatures: one is the equiaxed ? + ? lath microstructure and the other is the transformed ? structure. The plain and fretting fatigue strengths for the equiaxed ? + ? lath microstructure are higher than for the transformed ? structure. Fretting reduced fatigue strengths by a factor of three for both materials. Sensitivity to microstructure in fretting fatigue is relatively low compared with plain fatigue. Shot peening improved fretting fatigue life, because of lower tangential force between the specimen and the contact pad and because of residual stress in compression induced by shot peening treatment.
Book Synopsis Influence of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Titanium Alloy Beta 21S by : Faustine Ndali Busongo
Download or read book Influence of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Titanium Alloy Beta 21S written by Faustine Ndali Busongo and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Thermal Processing Variations on Microstructure and High Cycle Fatigue of Beta-STOA Ti-6Al-4V by : Byron McArthur
Download or read book Effects of Thermal Processing Variations on Microstructure and High Cycle Fatigue of Beta-STOA Ti-6Al-4V written by Byron McArthur and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
