Methane Production From Sewage Sludge Treatment By Ultrasonicated Membrane Anaerobic System Umas

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Methane Production from Sewage Sludge Treatment by Ultrasonicated Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS)

Author : Egbal Hassan Altoum Mohammed
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Methane Production from Sewage Sludge Treatment by Ultrasonicated Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS) by : Egbal Hassan Altoum Mohammed

Download or read book Methane Production from Sewage Sludge Treatment by Ultrasonicated Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS) written by Egbal Hassan Altoum Mohammed and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sewage Sludge wastewater causes serious environmental pollution due to its high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD). Traditional methods of treating sewage sludge wastewater are disadvantages from both economic and environmental perspectives. In this study, the potentials of Ultrasonicated Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS) in treating wastewater as an alternative and cost effective method was investigated. Waste sludge samples used in the study were collected from sewage treatment plant of INDAH WATER in Kuantan, Malaysia. The temperature during collection of the raw sewage sludge was 32 oC. The wastewater was stored in a cold room at 4 oC prior to use The study began with some characterization studies to provide understanding of fundamental issues such as conventional separation, ultrasonic and membrane separation. The aim was to obtain optimum operation conditions, maximum methane production as well as overall performance of UMAS in treating sewage sludge, upon which further development on wastewater processes could be developed. Four steady states were attained as a part of this study that considered concentration ranges from 6500 to 2.300 mg/l for mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS). UMAS was used to treat the sewage sludge at organic loading rates ranging from 0.06 to 0.12 kg COD /M3/day, and throughout the experiment, the removal efficiency of COD was from 79% to 93% and the methane gas percentage was between 93 and 85. The ammonia and nitrogen removal efficiency were 56 - 77 and 56 - 72 percentage respectively. The reactor pH is slightly changing during the experimental period with values around 6.8, 7.1, 7.2 and 7.00 in steady state 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The slight changes in the alkalinity levels of pH indicate process stability. The gas volume was measured daily using a 20-litre displacement bottle. Biogas from sewage digester usually contain 55% to 65% of methane, 35% to 45% of carbon dioxide and

Production of Methane Gas by Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS) Using Sewage Sludge as Substrate

Author : Nabila Hakim Mohamad Asri
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 63 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Production of Methane Gas by Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS) Using Sewage Sludge as Substrate by : Nabila Hakim Mohamad Asri

Download or read book Production of Methane Gas by Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS) Using Sewage Sludge as Substrate written by Nabila Hakim Mohamad Asri and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study was conducted to verify the status of the application of Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS) in wastewater treatment, efficiency of UMAS in methane production and kinetic parameters in sewage sludge on methane production from sewage sludge by using UMAS. UMAS consist of Ultrafiltration membrane for solid-liquid separation with 1.5 - 2.0 bar of operational pressure. The wastewater has been extensively analyzed for six parameters which are pH value, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), volatile fatty acids (VFA), total suspended solid (TSS) and volatile suspended solid (VSS). The reactor is operated at ambient temperature and wrapped with aluminum foil to avoid direct sunlight, which can affect the bacteria. The raw sewage sludge was obtained from Indah Water Air Putih, Kuantan. Sewage sludge is tested using jar test for the chemical requirements to remove small particles in the waste water. The digester operates 5 hours every 4 days for 12 days. The product that been produce contained carbon dioxide and methane gas. Both gases are collected into a syringe that connected with two rubber tube and a glass tube. Compare to aerobic digestion which is expensive method since it used oxygen and anaerobic digestion that requires larger area and slower process, UMAS was being innovated and offer great advantages. Carbon dioxide is removed by manipulated the syringe using 10 ml of sodium hydroxide. Methane gas is measured once every four days. This treatment showed the best solution to treat waste water such as reduction of COD contents and increased percentage of methane gas. Thus, make UMAS is a good alternative for treating wastewater.

Biomethanation of Sewage Sludge by Using Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS) Using Sewage Sludge as Substrate

Author : Nur Sarafina Samsudin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Biomethanation of Sewage Sludge by Using Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS) Using Sewage Sludge as Substrate by : Nur Sarafina Samsudin

Download or read book Biomethanation of Sewage Sludge by Using Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS) Using Sewage Sludge as Substrate written by Nur Sarafina Samsudin and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is going to introduce Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS) as an alternative to current conventional methods to solve the problem of membrane fouling. Raw sewage sludge was treated by UMAS which consists of a cross flow ultra-filtration membrane (CUF) apparatus, while pH, pressure, and temperature parameter were kept constant during this experiment with the value of 7.0-7.6, 1.5 bars, and 32OC respectively. Samples has been analyzed for several parameters such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), pH, volatile suspended solids (VSS), turbidity and colour, by controlling volatile fatty acids (VFA) and pH parameters. The initial value of COD recorded was 1040 mg/L; BOD was 98.7 mg/L, while TSS and VSS recorded the values of 98.6 mg/L, and 65.8 mg/L respectively. After 28 days of experiment, the final value of COD became 92 mg/L, BOD value dropped to 4.1 mg/L, TSS had final value of 6.0 mg/L while VSS dropped to 4.2 mg/L. The findings are this ultrasonicated-membrane technology has overcome fouling membrane, shorten the retention time of the sewage sludge treatment, reduce the treatment area, and high removal efficiency of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Total Suspended Solids (TSS). The complete treatment reduced the COD content to 92 mg/L equivalent to a reduction of 91% reduction from the original, while TSS and VSS removal efficiency have reached up to 93%. The final product is Methane (CH4) biogas, ranged from 79% to 96% which become a highly-demand in energy resource, at the same time this technology can reduce the greenhouse effect and global warming caused by the methane gas.

Production of Methane from Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Using Ultrasonicated Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS)

Author : Wai Mun Yap
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Production of Methane from Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Using Ultrasonicated Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS) by : Wai Mun Yap

Download or read book Production of Methane from Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Using Ultrasonicated Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS) written by Wai Mun Yap and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The direct discharge of the Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) wastewater causes serious environmental pollution due to its high chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS) and biological oxygen demand (BOD). The conventional ways for POME wastewater treatment have both economical and environmental disadvantages. In this study, the potential of ultrasonic-assisted membrane anaerobic system (UMAS) was evaluated as alternative and cost effective method for treating POME wastewater to avoid fouling. Throughout the experiment, the removal efficiency of COD was 95% with HRT of 6 days. The BOD removal efficiency was 74% while TSS removal rate was from 91 to 99.5%.The methane gas production efficiency was 82.14%.The UMAS treatment efficiency was greatly improved by UMAS introduction. The membrane fouling and polarization at the membrane surface was significantly reduced.

Study the Effect of Using Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System (umas) in Treating Sugarcane Waste and Methane Gas Production

Author : Ragini Mahendran
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Study the Effect of Using Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System (umas) in Treating Sugarcane Waste and Methane Gas Production by : Ragini Mahendran

Download or read book Study the Effect of Using Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System (umas) in Treating Sugarcane Waste and Methane Gas Production written by Ragini Mahendran and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sugarcane industry is one of the most important industries in many developing countries. However, sugarcane industry produces significant amount of wastes mainly in the form of liquid wastes. In present study, biological treatment with membrane technology and ultrasound effect was carried out to treat sugarcane wastewater. The main objective of this study is to make an overall comparison between membrane anaerobic system (MAS) and ultrasonic membrane anaerobic system (UMAS) in treating sugarcane waste. Raw sugarcane wastewater was operated in a membrane anaerobic reactor for 5 hours for 7 continuous days. After 5 hours of operation, the permeate (filtrate) from the reactor was collected and tested for BOD, COD, TSS and VSS. The gas produced was collected using designated syringe. The experiment was repeated with 10 kHz of ultrasound frequency devise attached to the membrane to investigate the effect of ultrasonic wave towards the process. From this study, for COD and BOD, MAS has achieved 86% removal efficiency and UMAS achieved 96% removal. For TSS, MAS obtained 81% removal efficiency but UMAS attained 100% removal which shows UMAS has removed all the detectable suspended solids from the wastewater. The same trend goes for VSS removal efficiency. MAS produced 1400mL of permeate and UMAS produced 2346mL of permeate. This huge difference in volume was due to the fouling which blocks the membrane pores. For biogas production, 68% and 77% of methane gas have been produced during MAS and UMAS treatments respectively. From these results, it proves that UMAS has prevented fouling and it is more proficient than MAS as it produced permeate which meet the discharge limit fixed by Malaysia Department of Environmental (DOE).

Ultrasonicated Membrane Anaerobic System for Pome Treatment

Author : Abdurahman. H Nour
Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783846515624
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (156 download)

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Book Synopsis Ultrasonicated Membrane Anaerobic System for Pome Treatment by : Abdurahman. H Nour

Download or read book Ultrasonicated Membrane Anaerobic System for Pome Treatment written by Abdurahman. H Nour and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-09 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The direct discharge of palm oil mill effluent (POME) wastewater causes serious environmental pollution due to its high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). Traditional ways for POME treatment have both economical and environmental disadvantages.In this book, ultrasonic assisted-membrane anaerobic system(UMAS)was used as an alternative, cost effective method for treating POME. Six steady states were attained as a part of a kinetic study that considered concentration ranges of 8,220 to 15,400 mg/l for mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) and 6,329 to 13,244 mg/l for mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS). Kinetic equations from Monod, Contois and Chen & Hashimoto were employed to describe the kinetics of POME treatment at organic loading rates ranging from 2 to 13 kg COD/m3/d.throughout the experiment, the removal efficiency of COD was from 94.8 to 96.5% with hydraulic retention time, HRT from 400.6 to 5.7 days.The growth yield coefficient, Y was found to be 0.62gVSS/g COD the specific microorganism decay rate was 0.21d-1 and the methane gas yield production rate was between 0.25 l/g COD/d and 0.58 l/g C

Methane Production from Agricultural and Domestic Wastes

Author : Hobson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400981023
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Methane Production from Agricultural and Domestic Wastes by : Hobson

Download or read book Methane Production from Agricultural and Domestic Wastes written by Hobson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume in the Energy from Wastes Series covers the area of methane production from agricultural and domestic wastes. Principally this involves the conversion of excreta and other organic effluents to a valuable gaseous fuel plus, in many cases, a useful sludge for fertiliser or feedstuffs. Dr Hobson and his colleagues have written a comprehensive text on the principles of microbiological processes and the biochemistry of anaerobic digestion, embracing the design of digesters with examples of current working installations. The potential for anaerobic digestion of wastes as diverse as sewage to fruit processing effluents is also reviewed. This work should be of interest to all who have to manage organic waste treatment and disposal, as well as to a wider readership who wish to know more about methane production by anaerobic digestion. ANDREW PORTEOUS v Preface The production of methane, or more exactly, a flammable 'biogas' containing methane and carbon dioxide, by microbiological methods ('anaerobic digestion') is not new. The reactions have been in industrial use for over a hundred years, but only in sewage purification processes. In some times of national stress, such as war-time, the microbiological production of gas purely for fuel has been investigated, but with the resumption of plentiful su pplies of fossil fuels the investigations have faded awa y.

Anaerobic Digestion of Solid Waste and Sewage Sludge to Methane

Author : Steven J. Hitte
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Anaerobic Digestion of Solid Waste and Sewage Sludge to Methane by : Steven J. Hitte

Download or read book Anaerobic Digestion of Solid Waste and Sewage Sludge to Methane written by Steven J. Hitte and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Production of Biogas and Performance Evaluation of Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS) for Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment (POME)

Download Production of Biogas and Performance Evaluation of Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS) for Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment (POME) PDF Online Free

Author : Abdurahman Hamid Nour
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Production of Biogas and Performance Evaluation of Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS) for Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment (POME) by : Abdurahman Hamid Nour

Download or read book Production of Biogas and Performance Evaluation of Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System (UMAS) for Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment (POME) written by Abdurahman Hamid Nour and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study proposes a new approach for integrated technology of ultrasonic and membrane for a palm oil mill effluent treatment. This study evaluated the performance of the new design of ultrasonic membrane anaerobic system (UMAS) when a palm oil mill effluent (POME) introduces this approach. To fit kinetic study, six steady states were investigated and the results have shown that the mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSSs) range from 10,400 to 17,350 mg/l while the mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSSs) range from 13,800 to 22,600 mg/l. Three kinetic models of Monod, Contois, and Chen and Hashimoto were used to evaluate the integrated system at organic loading rates ranging from 1 to 15 kg COD/m3/day. The percentage efficiency of COD removal was from 92.8 to 98.3%, and hydraulic retention time (HRT) was from 500.8 to 8.6 days. The influent COD concentrations of the POME ranged from 70,400 to 90,200 mg/l.The integrated technology of UMAS is a more attractive one as it avoids membrane fouling problems.

Production of Methane Gas by Ultrasonic Membrane System (UMAS) Using Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) as a Substrate

Author : Wan Norain Awang Long
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Production of Methane Gas by Ultrasonic Membrane System (UMAS) Using Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) as a Substrate by : Wan Norain Awang Long

Download or read book Production of Methane Gas by Ultrasonic Membrane System (UMAS) Using Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) as a Substrate written by Wan Norain Awang Long and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System for Wastewater Treatment

Author : Khaled Salem Aljfairi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System for Wastewater Treatment by : Khaled Salem Aljfairi

Download or read book Ultrasonic Membrane Anaerobic System for Wastewater Treatment written by Khaled Salem Aljfairi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Methane Production from Anaerobic Co-digestion of Wastewater Sludge and Scenedesmus Sp

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 83 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (871 download)

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Book Synopsis Methane Production from Anaerobic Co-digestion of Wastewater Sludge and Scenedesmus Sp by :

Download or read book Methane Production from Anaerobic Co-digestion of Wastewater Sludge and Scenedesmus Sp written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The combination of rising energy consumption in the U.S. and sustained growth of developing countries has made clear the importance of developing an energy source that is renewable and minimizes greenhouse gas emissions. The use of algae as an energy source can satisfy both of these criteria, but the current focus on developing it as a biofuel requires a significant amount of energy input, making it not yet economically feasible. This research combines a promising energy source with a decades-old wastewater treatment technology to generate biogas by combining the anaerobic digestion of algae and wastewater sludge. Bench-scale anaerobic digesters were setup with various proportions of the microalgae Scenedesmus quadricuada and thickened waste activated sludge (TWAS) and their biogas production was evaluated. In addition, the effects of operational parameters, such as temperature and alkalinity, on biogas production and residual characteristics were investigated. Biogas production for the various algae and TWAS combinations ranged from 0.46 to 0.72 mL per mg of volatile solids (VS) digested, while VS and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were reduced on average, 47 and 50%, respectively, at 35°C. Total coliform (TC) and fecal coliform (FC) concentrations saw at least a one log reduction after digestion, allowing the digestant to meet the USEPA requirements for classification as a Class B biosolid and its use in certain land applications. The digestant had nitrogen and phosphorous levels in the range of 5 to 19% as N and 5 to 15% as P, respectively, putting it in the range of commercial fertilizer levels. It was also determined that decreasing digestion temperatures from 35°C produced significantly less biogas, while adjusting the amount of initial alkalinity in digesters did not have a significant effect on biogas production. From these results, anaerobically digesting algae along with wastewater sludge can be utilized as a feasible method to harness the energy potential of algae. Although some of this potential remains locked up in the undigested portion, its synergy with wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) cannot be overstated. Growing algae using existing waste streams at WWTPs such as CO2 and effluent wastewater highlights this technology's ability to transform waste into a valuable commodity without enormous new infrastructure investment..

Methane Production from Agricultural and Domestic Wastes

Author : Hobson
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789400981041
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Methane Production from Agricultural and Domestic Wastes by : Hobson

Download or read book Methane Production from Agricultural and Domestic Wastes written by Hobson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-11-11 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume in the Energy from Wastes Series covers the area of methane production from agricultural and domestic wastes. Principally this involves the conversion of excreta and other organic effluents to a valuable gaseous fuel plus, in many cases, a useful sludge for fertiliser or feedstuffs. Dr Hobson and his colleagues have written a comprehensive text on the principles of microbiological processes and the biochemistry of anaerobic digestion, embracing the design of digesters with examples of current working installations. The potential for anaerobic digestion of wastes as diverse as sewage to fruit processing effluents is also reviewed. This work should be of interest to all who have to manage organic waste treatment and disposal, as well as to a wider readership who wish to know more about methane production by anaerobic digestion. ANDREW PORTEOUS v Preface The production of methane, or more exactly, a flammable 'biogas' containing methane and carbon dioxide, by microbiological methods ('anaerobic digestion') is not new. The reactions have been in industrial use for over a hundred years, but only in sewage purification processes. In some times of national stress, such as war-time, the microbiological production of gas purely for fuel has been investigated, but with the resumption of plentiful su pplies of fossil fuels the investigations have faded awa y.

Methane Potential of Sewage Sludge

Author : Lourdes M. Rodriguez Chiang
Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783659198809
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Methane Potential of Sewage Sludge by : Lourdes M. Rodriguez Chiang

Download or read book Methane Potential of Sewage Sludge written by Lourdes M. Rodriguez Chiang and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current global environmental concern which revolves on the dependency of fossil fuels has caused a mayor impulse in alternative energies such as solar, wind, geothermal and biogas. Sludge is the most abundant residue that remains from wastewater treatment plants. Sludge can be anaerobically digested and produces biogas, composed mainly of methane and carbon dioxide. This method reduces the volume of sludge for disposal and presents a positive energetic balance, recovering energy as electricity. This book details the research conducted with the specific aim to perform biochemical methane potential (BMP) test in sewage sludge in order to quantify the maximum methane producing capacity and measure the anaerobic biodegradability of a given substrate. This study describes a new BMP test procedure where batch digestion tests were performed and provided clear, continuous and precise results. These experiments and analysis will be able to develop more efficient anaerobic systems with better biogas production and higher methane yield, and should be particularly useful for professionals involved in Microbiology, Wastewater Technologies and Renewable Energy.

METHANE PRODUCTION FROM WASTE ORGANIC MATTER

Author : Stafford
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis METHANE PRODUCTION FROM WASTE ORGANIC MATTER by : Stafford

Download or read book METHANE PRODUCTION FROM WASTE ORGANIC MATTER written by Stafford and published by Springer. This book was released on 1980 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Methane Production from Anaerobic Co-digestion of Chlorella Vulgaris and Wastewater Sludge

Author : Carissa Lee Williams
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 93 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (825 download)

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Book Synopsis Methane Production from Anaerobic Co-digestion of Chlorella Vulgaris and Wastewater Sludge by : Carissa Lee Williams

Download or read book Methane Production from Anaerobic Co-digestion of Chlorella Vulgaris and Wastewater Sludge written by Carissa Lee Williams and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing demand for energy coupled with concerns over limited fossil fuel reserves and apprehensions over their contributions to greenhouse gas emissions have made the search for low carbon energy sources a high priority. Algal biomass could serve as an alternative source of renewable biofuels. Research efforts to date have primarily focused on the production of algal biofuels through lipid extraction, which involves high temperature and high pressure, resulting in an energy intensive process. In this research, the use of algal biomass as a supplementary feedstock to anaerobic digesters for the production of methane gas is evaluated. To test the potential of algal biomass as a supplementary feedstock, labscale anaerobic digesters are set-up. The methane gas production of various combinations of thickened waste activated sludge (TWAS) and algal biomass is investigated. Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) is used as representative microalgae. In addition, the effects of operational parameters, such as biomass loading, temperature and alkalinity, on biogas production are investigated. The results show that the biogas production for all biomass loading combinations of C. vulgaris and TWAS ranged from 0.47-0.57 mL per mg volatile solids (VS) digested. On average, VS and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were reduced 48 and 38%, respectively, at 35°C. Average total coliform (TC) and fecal coliform (FC) concentrations of 6.3x104 and 1.0x104 CFU per gram of total solids (TS), respectively, were measured in the digested waste at 35°C. Thus, the residual meets the USEPA requirements for pathogen reduction (FC 2x106 CFU per g TS) and vector attraction reduction ( 38% reduction in VS) for land application. The total nitrogen and phosphorus content of the residual was determined to be in the range of 9-17% as N and 3-7% as P (7-16% as P2O5), respectively, revealing its potential value as a fertilizer. It was also observed that decreased digestion temperatures resulted in lower biogas yields, while initial alkalinity in digesters did not appear to affect biogas production. From the results of the research, it can be inferred that algae can be co-digested with wastewater sludge, or by itself, to produce methane gas at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This suggests that algae can be utilized as an energy source through anaerobic co-digestion with wastewater sludge. This is significant because algae can be grown with the nutrient and CO2 contained in waste streams at WWTPS, thereby minimizing the release of nutrients and effluent water to the environment. This reduced nutrient load results in treatment cost savings, while the reduction in effluent discharge decreases environmental pollution.

Advanced Biological, Physical, and Chemical Treatment of Waste Activated Sludge

Author : Antoine Prandota Trzcinski
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429795610
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (297 download)

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Book Synopsis Advanced Biological, Physical, and Chemical Treatment of Waste Activated Sludge by : Antoine Prandota Trzcinski

Download or read book Advanced Biological, Physical, and Chemical Treatment of Waste Activated Sludge written by Antoine Prandota Trzcinski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-11-02 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, research efforts aiming to improve energy efficiency of wastewater treatment processes for large centralized wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been increasing. Global warming impacts, energy sustainability, and biosolids generation are among several key drivers towards the establishment of energy-efficient WWTPs. WWTPs have been recognized as major contributors of greenhouse gas emissions as these are significant energy consumers in the industrialized world. The quantity of biosolids or excess waste activated sludge produced by WWTP will increase in the future due to population growth and this pose environmental concerns and solid waste disposal issues. Due to limited capacity of landfill sites, more stringent environmental legislation, and air pollution from incineration sites, there is a need to rethink the conventional way of dealing with wastewater and the sludge production that comes with it. This book provides an overview of advanced biological, physical and chemical treatment with the aim of reducing the volume of sewage sludge. Provides a comprehensive list of processes aiming at reducing the volume of sewage sludge and increasing biogas production from waste activated sludge. Includes clear process flowsheet showing how the process is modified compared to the conventional waste activated sludge process. Provides current technologies applied on full scale plant as well as methods still under investigation at laboratory scale. Offers data from pilot scale experience of these processes