Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Download Mechanistic Studies Of N Nitrosodimethylamine Ndma In Model Drinking Waters full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Mechanistic Studies Of N Nitrosodimethylamine Ndma In Model Drinking Waters ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Author : Junghoon Choi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (148 download)
Download or read book Mechanistic Studies of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in Model Drinking Waters written by Junghoon Choi and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for N-nitrosodimethylamine written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Xianghua Luo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (162 download)
Download or read book Formation Studies on N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in Natural Waters written by Xianghua Luo and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) is a chloramines disinfection by-product and probable carcinogen to human. The California state established a 10 ng/L action level for NDMA in drinking water. Analytical method of NDMA in waters at the trace level was developed using gas chromatography/mass spectrum with chemical ionization in the mode of selected ion storage coupled with solid phase extraction. It was found that 4 utilities in Missouri using monochloramine as disinfectant had NDMA higher than 10 ng/L in drinking water. Natural organic matter (NOM), especially the hydrophilic fraction of the NOM, was found to be a predominant NDMA precursors. Basic conditions and bromide ions favor NDMA formation in natural waters. The findings reported in this dissertation provide data on NDMA occurrences in drinking water and natural waters in Missouri. The results provide valuable information about NDMA precursors in natural waters and this information could be used in the further study of mitigating NDMA formation or removing NDMA precursors in drinking water utilities. The results on factors affecting on NDMA formation provide more information for water utilities to determine operation conditions to reduce and control NDMA formation.
Download or read book N-nitrosodimethylamine Formation During Chlorination of Diuron with Influence Analysis of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Water Quality for Urban Uses written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diuron is a widely used phenylurea herbicide for control of broad leaf and annual grassy weeds for both agricultural and nonagricultural uses. With the combination of the heavy usage and its persistence in typical environmental conditions due to its physical and chemical properties, diuron has been observed frequently in California's water sources. In this study diuron is of concern due to the potential formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), a potent carcinogen that has been identified as an emerging disinfection byproduct (DBP) in drinking water. The first results identified that diuron is a specific NDMA formation precursor that arises from non-point sources, and highlighted the difficulties associated with determining the environmental safety of chemicals and their associated potential byproducts. The influence of additional nitrogen sources on the NDMA formation mechanism during chlorination of diuron was also studied with consideration that the dominant nitrogen-containing specie may vary between surface water and groundwater. The risks posed by representative concentrations of diuron and other reagents with respect to NDMA formation during chlorine-based disinfection may be limited even in the presence of multiple nitrogen species. A broader picture exploring the current and long-term effects of water quality on public health risks from DBP formation and drinking water treatment costs was investigated by considering the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta system, one of the most important drinking water sources in California. The present DBPs with Delta supplies are manageable within the current treatment regulations. However, the management of Delta water as a drinking water supply would become more difficult and expensive due to a possible sea level rise in the future and western island failures, with residual health risks remaining from residual and unregulated DBPs after treatment. It is likely that water drawn directly from the Delta will pose a higher risk to public health and be more difficult to treat by conventional treatment technologies, indicating that modification of existing treatment operations or addition of new technologies may be required, with higher treatment costs.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309224624
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Water Reuse written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-07-17 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expanding water reuse-the use of treated wastewater for beneficial purposes including irrigation, industrial uses, and drinking water augmentation-could significantly increase the nation's total available water resources. Water Reuse presents a portfolio of treatment options available to mitigate water quality issues in reclaimed water along with new analysis suggesting that the risk of exposure to certain microbial and chemical contaminants from drinking reclaimed water does not appear to be any higher than the risk experienced in at least some current drinking water treatment systems, and may be orders of magnitude lower. This report recommends adjustments to the federal regulatory framework that could enhance public health protection for both planned and unplanned (or de facto) reuse and increase public confidence in water reuse.
Author : John C. Crittenden
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119820065
Total Pages : 1956 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (198 download)
Download or read book Stantec's Water Treatment written by John C. Crittenden and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-11-08 with total page 1956 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The updated third edition of the definitive guide to water treatment engineering, now with all-new online content Stantec's Water Treatment: Principles and Design provides comprehensive coverage of the principles, theory, and practice of water treatment engineering. Written by world-renowned experts in the field of public water supply, this authoritative volume covers all key aspects of water treatment engineering, including plant design, water chemistry and microbiology, water filtration and disinfection, residuals management, internal corrosion of water conduits, regulatory requirements, and more. The updated third edition of this industry-standard reference includes an entirely new chapter on potable reuse, the recycling of treated wastewater into the water supply using engineered advanced treatment technologies. QR codes embedded throughout the book connect the reader to online resources, including case studies and high-quality photographs and videos of real-world water treatment facilities. This edition provides instructors with access to additional resources via a companion website. Contains in-depth chapters on processes such as coagulation and flocculation, sedimentation, ion exchange, adsorption, and gas transfer Details membrane filtration technologies, advanced oxidation, and potable reuse Addresses ongoing environmental concerns, pharmacological agents in the water supply, and treatment strategies Describes reverse osmosis applications for brackish groundwater, wastewater, and other water sources Includes high-quality images and illustrations, useful appendices, tables of chemical properties and design data, and more than 450 exercises with worked solutions Stantec's Water Treatment: Principles and Design, Updated Third Edition remains an indispensable resource for engineers designing or operating water treatment plants, and is an essential textbook for students of civil, environmental, and water resources engineering.
Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9789241545037
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (45 download)
Download or read book Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 1993 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume describes the methods used in the surveillance of drinking water quality in the light of the special problems of small-community supplies, particularly in developing countries, and outlines the strategies necessary to ensure that surveillance is effective.
Author : Dick van der Kooij
Publisher : IWA Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1780400403
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (84 download)
Download or read book Microbial Growth in Drinking Water Supplies written by Dick van der Kooij and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2013-09-14 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maintaining the microbial quality in distribution systems and connected installations remains a challenge for the water supply companies all over the world, despite many years of research. This book identifies the main concerns and knowledge gaps related to regrowth and stimulates cooperation in future research. Microbial Growth in Drinking Water Supplies provides an overview of the regrowth issue in different countries and the water quality problems related to regrowth. The book assesses the causes of regrowth in drinking water and the prevention of regrowth by water treatment and distribution. Editors: Dirk van der Kooij and Paul W.J.J. van der Wielen, KWR Watercycle Research Institute, The Netherlands
Author : Simon Parsons
Publisher : IWA Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1843390175
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (433 download)
Download or read book Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment written by Simon Parsons and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2004-03-01 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The suitability of Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) for pollutant degradation was recognised in the early 1970s and much research and development work has been undertaken to commercialise some of these processes. AOPs have shown great potential in treating pollutants at both low and high concentrations and have found applications as diverse as ground water treatment, municipal wastewater sludge destruction and VOCs control. Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment is an overview of the advanced oxidation processes currently used or proposed for the remediation of water, wastewater, odours and sludge. The book contains two opening chapters which present introductions to advanced oxidation processes and a background to UV photolysis, seven chapters focusing on individual advanced oxidation processes and, finally, three chapters concentrating on selected applications of advanced oxidation processes. Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment will be invaluable to readers interested in water and wastewater treatment processes, including professionals and suppliers, as well as students and academics studying in this area. Dr Simon Parsons is a Senior Lecturer in Water Sciences at Cranfield University with ten years' experience of industrial and academic research and development.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 774 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 728 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Author : Sergi Sabater
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3642309399
Total Pages : 381 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)
Download or read book The Llobregat written by Sergi Sabater and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-06-02 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Llobregat belongs to the most thoroughly studied rivers in Europe and is a paradigm of the confluence of human and natural disturbances in a single basin. Because of its location in a very densely populated region and its Mediterranean character, the Llobregat supports a mixture of irregular flow, water abstraction, excess nutrients, mining debris, and a wide array of pollutants. The aquatic organisms strive to survive in a dramatically changing river that passes through a succession of dams, weirs and channels. The long-term river monitoring as well as the research that has been carried out in the river for a long time have provided an extensive knowledge of these disturbances and their effects on the biological communities. This book highlights the available information, with emphasis on the hydrological, chemical and biological elements interspersed in the river. Experts in the field discuss the main nutrient patterns and pollutant occurrence and the responses of the biological quality elements as well as the river ecosystem to the overall natural and man-made influences.
Author : Richard N. Loeppky
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Nitrosamines and Related N-nitroso Compounds written by Richard N. Loeppky and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investigates the compound formation, bioactivation, and detoxification of the N-nitroso group of compounds, which increasingly appears to be implicated in human carcinogenesis. The topics include exposure, formation, and blocking; nitric oxide; nitrosamine; toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic effects; and reactive intermediates. The 45 papers largely report on research rather than review the literature. The symposium that occasioned them was in Washington, DC, in August 1992. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author : Clemens von Sonntag
Publisher : IWA Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1843393131
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (433 download)
Download or read book Chemistry of Ozone in Water and Wastewater Treatment written by Clemens von Sonntag and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2012-08-31 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though ozone has been applied for a long time for disinfection and oxidation in water treatment, there is lack of critical information related to transformation of organic compounds. This has become more important in recent years, because there is considerable concern about the formation of potentially harmful degradation products as well as oxidation products from the reaction with the matrix components. In recent years, a wealth of information on the products that are formed has accumulated, and substantial progress in understanding mechanistic details of ozone reactions in aqueous solution has been made. Based on the latter, this may allow us to predict the products of as yet not studied systems and assist in evaluating toxic potentials in case certain classes are known to show such effects. Keeping this in mind, Chemistry of Ozone in Water and Wastewater Treatment: From Basic Principles to Applications discusses mechanistic details of ozone reactions as much as they are known to date and applies them to the large body of studies on micropollutant degradation (such as pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors) that is already available. Extensively quoting the literature and updating the available compilation of ozone rate constants gives the reader a text at hand on which his research can be based. Moreover, those that are responsible for planning or operation of ozonation steps in drinking water and wastewater treatment plants will find salient information in a compact form that otherwise is quite disperse. A critical compilation of rate constants for the various classes of compounds is given in each chapter, including all the recent publications. This is a very useful source of information for researchers and practitioners who need kinetic information on emerging contaminants. Furthermore, each chapter contains a large selection of examples of reaction mechanisms for the transformation of micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals, pesticides, fuel additives, solvents, taste and odor compounds, cyanotoxins. Authors: Prof. Dr. Clemens von Sonntag, Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Mülheim an der Ruhr, and Instrumentelle Analytische Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany and Prof. Dr. Urs von Gunten, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, and Ecole Polytechnique Federal de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Author : Mihaela I. Stefan
Publisher : IWA Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1780407181
Total Pages : 712 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (84 download)
Download or read book Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Treatment written by Mihaela I. Stefan and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2017-09-15 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) rely on the efficient generation of reactive radical species and are increasingly attractive options for water remediation from a wide variety of organic micropollutants of human health and/or environmental concern. Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Treatment covers the key advanced oxidation processes developed for chemical contaminant destruction in polluted water sources, some of which have been implemented successfully at water treatment plants around the world. The book is structured in two sections; the first part is dedicated to the most relevant AOPs, whereas the topics covered in the second section include the photochemistry of chemical contaminants in the aquatic environment, advanced water treatment for water reuse, implementation of advanced treatment processes for drinking water production at a state-of-the art water treatment plant in Europe, advanced treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater, and green technologies for water remediation. The advanced oxidation processes discussed in the book cover the following aspects: - Process principles including the most recent scientific findings and interpretation. - Classes of compounds suitable to AOP treatment and examples of reaction mechanisms. - Chemical and photochemical degradation kinetics and modelling. - Water quality impact on process performance and practical considerations on process parameter selection criteria. - Process limitations and byproduct formation and strategies to mitigate any potential adverse effects on the treated water quality. - AOP equipment design and economics considerations. - Research studies and outcomes. - Case studies relevant to process implementation to water treatment. - Commercial applications. - Future research needs. Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Treatment presents the most recent scientific and technological achievements in process understanding and implementation, and addresses to anyone interested in water remediation, including water industry professionals, consulting engineers, regulators, academics, students. Editor: Mihaela I. Stefan - Trojan Technologies - Canada
Author : Amnon Kohen
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420028022
Total Pages : 1092 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Isotope Effects In Chemistry and Biology written by Amnon Kohen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-11-01 with total page 1092 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of isotope effects has expanded exponentially in the last decade, and researchers are finding isotopes increasingly useful in their studies. Bringing literature on the subject up to date, Isotope Effects in Chemistry and Biology covers current principles, methods, and a broad range of applications of isotope effects in the physical, biolo
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309133955
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Drinking Water Distribution Systems written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-12-22 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protecting and maintaining water distributions systems is crucial to ensuring high quality drinking water. Distribution systems-consisting of pipes, pumps, valves, storage tanks, reservoirs, meters, fittings, and other hydraulic appurtenances-carry drinking water from a centralized treatment plant or well supplies to consumers' taps. Spanning almost 1 million miles in the United States, distribution systems represent the vast majority of physical infrastructure for water supplies, and thus constitute the primary management challenge from both an operational and public health standpoint. Recent data on waterborne disease outbreaks suggest that distribution systems remain a source of contamination that has yet to be fully addressed. This report evaluates approaches for risk characterization and recent data, and it identifies a variety of strategies that could be considered to reduce the risks posed by water-quality deteriorating events in distribution systems. Particular attention is given to backflow events via cross connections, the potential for contamination of the distribution system during construction and repair activities, maintenance of storage facilities, and the role of premise plumbing in public health risk. The report also identifies advances in detection, monitoring and modeling, analytical methods, and research and development opportunities that will enable the water supply industry to further reduce risks associated with drinking water distribution systems.
