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Author : Adrianna Alicia Muir
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (83 download)
Download or read book Mechanisms of Invasion and Native Species Coexistence written by Adrianna Alicia Muir and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Loralee Larios
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (94 download)
Download or read book Mechanisms for Species Coexistence Under Environmental Change written by Loralee Larios and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the potential mechanisms that influence invasion resistance and coexistence in plant communities has been a central tenet of invasion ecological research during the past few decades. My dissertation used observational and experimental approaches to understand what processes influence whether a community is invaded, resists invasion, or results in species coexistence within a California grassland. Chapter 2 reviewed the impacts that alien plant species may have on communities and provided a framework for how to identify when invader impacts lead to recovery constraints for the native community and integrate these constraints into restoration efforts. Chapter 3 investigated how species effects on resource availability can result in differing invasion dynamics in native versus exotic dominated grasslands. I found that while exotic and native species differentially alter the availability of light and nitrogen in a community, nitrogen availability is key in determining invasion of an exotic into a native grassland as well as the invasion of a native into an exotic dominated community. Chapter 4 investigated how propagule pressure after an extreme disturbance can result in the invasion of intact native grasslands. I found that the recovery of native grassland stands after an extreme disturbance (fire+drought) can be stalled by an influx of exotic propagules from the surrounding matrix. Chapter 5 addressed how the strength of plant-soil feedbacks for a native and exotic may change with soil resource availability changes on soil communities and with a competitor. I found a negative effect of exotic conditioned soil on native growth and no effect of native conditioned soil on exotic growth, suggesting that plant-soil feedbacks may facilitate the establishment of the exotic as well as its dominance. Lastly, Chapter 6 investigated how seed addition and soil amendments management efforts affected native recovery after an extreme disturbance. I found that seed additions and soil N reductions were able to increase the establishment and fitness of some natives, but may not be sufficient to promote full native recovery. This work provides a tool to understand not only why native resident communities are invaded but also how to reduce the resistance of invaded communities and increase the resistance of native communities. Additionally this work allowed me to integrate the impacts that exotic species have on communities to make general predictions about the recovery of native communities after an extreme disturbance or control efforts. Overall, I observed that native communities and populations are vulnerable to invasion after a large disturbance and with nitrogen enrichment. From low to moderate nitrogen availability, native and exotic species should coexist due to niche partitioning, but not as a result of density dependent negative plant-soil feedbacks. Lastly, I found that an exotic species is able to maintain its dominance due to its strong competitive effect on native species, particularly at high nitrogen availability and its ability to culture a soil community that negatively impacts the growth of native species.
Author : Therese M. Poland
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030453677
Total Pages : 455 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)
Download or read book Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States written by Therese M. Poland and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book describes the serious threat of invasive species to native ecosystems. Invasive species have caused and will continue to cause enormous ecological and economic damage with ever increasing world trade. This multi-disciplinary book, written by over 100 national experts, presents the latest research on a wide range of natural science and social science fields that explore the ecology, impacts, and practical tools for management of invasive species. It covers species of all taxonomic groups from insects and pathogens, to plants, vertebrates, and aquatic organisms that impact a diversity of habitats in forests, rangelands and grasslands of the United States. It is well-illustrated, provides summaries of the most important invasive species and issues impacting all regions of the country, and includes a comprehensive primary reference list for each topic. This scientific synthesis provides the cultural, economic, scientific and social context for addressing environmental challenges posed by invasive species and will be a valuable resource for scholars, policy makers, natural resource managers and practitioners.
Author : Julie L. Lockwood
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118570820
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (185 download)
Download or read book Invasion Ecology written by Julie L. Lockwood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-05 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of Invasion Ecology provides a comprehensive and updated introduction to all aspects of biological invasion by non-native species. Highlighting important research findings associated with each stage of invasion, the book provides an overview of the invasion process from transportation patterns and causes of establishment success to ecological impacts, invader management, and post-invasion evolution. The authors have produced new chapters on predicting and preventing invasion, managing and eradicating invasive species, and invasion dynamics in a changing climate. Modern global trade and travel have led to unprecedented movement of non-native species by humans with unforeseen, interesting, and occasionally devastating consequences. Increasing recognition of the problems associated with invasion has led to a rapid growth in research into the dynamics of non-native species and their adverse effects on native biota and human economies. This book provides a synthesis of this fast growing field of research and is an essential text for undergraduate and graduate students in ecology and conservation management. Additional resources are available at www.wiley.com/go/invasionecology
Author : Cang Hui
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198745338
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)
Download or read book Invasion Dynamics written by Cang Hui and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An advanced textbook adopting a theoretical modeling approach to review and discuss the current range and distributions of alien species, their rates of spread, and their impact in human-dominated ecosystems.
Author : Daniel Simberloff
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520264215
Total Pages : 792 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (22 download)
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Biological Invasions written by Daniel Simberloff and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2011-01-02 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Addresses all aspects of this subject at a global level--including invasions by animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria--in succinct, alphabetically arranged articles. Featuring many cross-references, suggestions for further reading, illustrations, an appendix of the world's worst 100 invasive species, a glossary, and more..." -- From the publisher.
Author : Angela J. Brandt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (71 download)
Download or read book The Roles of Provenance and Phylogeny in Recruitment, Community Assembly, and Species Coexistence in Invaded California Grasslands written by Angela J. Brandt and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological invasions pose one of the greatest threats to global biodiversity, but many naturalized invaders coexist with the native community. Community ecology theory provides a framework for understanding the mechanisms by which invaders might coexist with native species or exclude them from the community, thus informing management practices to maximize their effectiveness at conserving native biodiversity. Differences in functional or phylogenetic similarity of invaders to native residents can affect invasion success and the probability they will coexist with natives. For example, functionally dissimilar species may not compete strongly and distantly related species may share fewer natural enemies. Furthermore, environmental heterogeneity can promote species coexistence by providing the opportunity for a greater number of coexistence mechanisms to operate, thereby mitigating the potential for species invasions to lead to native extinction. My thesis examines how provenance (i.e., native origin) and phylogenetic relatedness of plant species affect community dynamics and species interactions in the invaded California grasslands. To do this I have assembled two unique community data sets, one spanning 48 years across a 1000-ha site and one spanning 7 years along a 500-km latitudinal transect. I show that native and exotic species abundance and diversity is highly variable in both time and space, but these provenance group responses are rarely negatively correlated (Chapter 2). Thus, exotic species do not generally appear to exclude natives from communities. Long-term abundance patterns further suggest that the system remains in a state of transience, and populations of several native species are declining at local scales (Chapter 3). Recruitment limitation due to the build-up of plant litter associated with exotic grasses may be generally responsible for these declines, but habitat suitability, land-use history, and community composition also affect native recruitment. Across the grasslands, disturbance and resource supply can interact to affect both species and phylogenetic diversity (Chapter 4). Disturbance in particular can increase diversity, likely by increasing opportunities for colonization by removing plant litter that previously limited recruitment. Both phylogeny and provenance can also affect biotic interactions, such as with communities of soil organisms (Chapter 5). Thus, I have shown that spatio-temporal heterogeneity, alterations to the biotic environment mediated by exotic invasion, and phylogenetic relationships among species are all important considerations when evaluating impacts of invasion and designing management strategies to conserve native biodiversity, especially in light of anthropogenic influence on disturbance regimes and resource supply.
Author : Edward Reekie
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 008045433X
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)
Download or read book Reproductive Allocation in Plants written by Edward Reekie and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-05-04 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much effort has been devoted to developing theories to explain the wide variation we observe in reproductive allocation among environments. Reproductive Allocation in Plants describes why plants differ in the proportion of their resources that they allocate to reproduction and looks into the various theories. This book examines the ecological and evolutionary explanations for variation in plant reproductive allocation from the perspective of the underlying physiological mechanisms controlling reproduction and growth. An international team of leading experts have prepared chapters summarizing the current state of the field and offering their views on the factors determining reproductive allocation in plants. This will be a valuable resource for senior undergraduate students, graduate students and researchers in ecology, plant ecophysiology, and population biology. 8 outstanding chapters dedicated to the evolution and ecology of variation in plant reproductive allocation Written by an international team of leading experts in the field Provides enough background information to make it accessible to senior undergraduate students Includes over 60 figures and 29 tables
Author : Odd Terje Sandlund
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780792368762
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (687 download)
Download or read book Invasive Species and Biodiversity Management written by Odd Terje Sandlund and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-06-30 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on a selection of papers presented at the Norway/UN Conference on Alien Species, Trondheim, Norway
Author : Simon Jungblut
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319932845
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)
Download or read book YOUMARES 8 – Oceans Across Boundaries: Learning from each other written by Simon Jungblut and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-29 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents the proceedings volume of the YOUMARES 8 conference, which took place in Kiel, Germany, in September 2017, supported by the German Association for Marine Sciences (DGM). The YOUMARES conference series is entirely bottom-up organized by and for YOUng MARine RESearchers. Qualified early career scientists moderated the scientific sessions during the conference and provided literature reviews on aspects of their research field. These reviews and the presenters’ conference abstracts are compiled here. Thus, this book discusses highly topical fields of marine research and aims to act as a source of knowledge and inspiration for further reading and research.
Author : John M. Marzluff
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780792374589
Total Pages : 608 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (745 download)
Download or read book Avian Ecology and Conservation in an Urbanizing World written by John M. Marzluff and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-09-30 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The twenty-seven contributions authored by leaders in the fields of avian and urban ecology present a unique summary of current research on birds in settled environments ranging from wildlands to exurban, rural to urban.
Author : F. A. Bazzaz
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521391900
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (919 download)
Download or read book Plants in Changing Environments written by F. A. Bazzaz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-10-13 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the effects of disturbance, species competition and coexistence, and the processes of plant succession.
Author : Jonathan M Jeschke
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1780647646
Total Pages : 189 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (86 download)
Download or read book Invasion Biology written by Jonathan M Jeschke and published by CABI. This book was released on 2018-04-25 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are many hypotheses describing the interactions involved in biological invasions, but it is largely unknown whether they are backed up by empirical evidence. This book fills that gap by developing a tool for assessing research hypotheses and applying it to twelve invasion hypotheses, using the hierarchy-of-hypotheses (HoH) approach, and mapping the connections between theory and evidence. In Part 1, an overview chapter of invasion biology is followed by an introduction to the HoH approach and short chapters by science theorists and philosophers who comment on the approach. Part 2 outlines the invasion hypotheses and their interrelationships. These include biotic resistance and island susceptibility hypotheses, disturbance hypothesis, invasional meltdown hypothesis, enemy release hypothesis, evolution of increased competitive ability and shifting defence hypotheses, tens rule, phenotypic plasticity hypothesis, Darwin's naturalization and limiting similarity hypotheses and the propagule pressure hypothesis. Part 3 provides a synthesis and suggests future directions for invasion research.
Author : Edmund R. Priddis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (367 download)
Download or read book Niche Separation Along Environmental Gradients as a Mechanism to Promote the Coexistence of Native and Invasive Species written by Edmund R. Priddis and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Niche separation may be the key to promoting the long-term coexistence of introduced and native species. Physical alterations to the environment (habitat manipulation) or re-introducing native species to former habitats can exploit the maladapted traits of introduced species to create a refuge for native species. No two species have identical niches because evolutionary constraints differ between species with different evolutionary histories. Our objectives were to determine if cold temperatures could promote coexistence between native least chub and introduced western mosquitofish. We used individual scale and population scale experiments to test four hypotheses: 1) colder temperatures would reduce the aggressive behavior and predatory effects of western mosquitofish on least chub, 2) colder temperatures would reduce the effect of western mosquitofish on the habitat use, activity, and feeding of least chub, 3) western mosquitofish would not be able to overwinter without warm refuges, and 4) western mosquitofish reproduction would be delayed or absent at colder temperatures, whereas colder temperatures would not inhibit least chub recruitment. At the individual scale cold temperatures reduced the aggression and predation of western mosquitofish on least chub. However at the population scale there was little recruitment in the cold treatment and juvenile least chub did not survive the winter in the cold treatment. Adult least chub successfully overwintered at freezing temperatures whereas western mosquitofish had no recruitment in the cold treatment during the summer and no western mosquitofish survived the winter. There is adequate niche separation among the adults to promote coexistence but the juveniles of both species require warm habitat in the spring and summer to survive freezing winter temperatures. Habitat manipulation may reduce the availability of warm winter refuges for western mosquitofish while leaving warm habitats during the spring for least chub spawning and recruitment. Transplanting least chub to former cold habitats could eliminate western mosquitofish because of niche separation between the species along a temperature gradient. We suggest that the niche separation hypothesis has general application for the restoration of a variety of threatened native species.
Author : Anna Traveset
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1789242177
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (892 download)
Download or read book Plant Invasions written by Anna Traveset and published by CABI. This book was released on 2020-11-20 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are many books on aspects of plant invasions, but none that focus on the key role of species interactions in mediating invasions. This book reviews exciting new findings and explores how new methods and tools are shedding new light on crucial processes in plant invasions. This book will be of interest to academics and students of ecology, researchers engaged in developing management solutions, scientific managers of natural ecosystems, and policy-makers.
Author : Marc W. Cadotte
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402049250
Total Pages : 506 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Conceptual Ecology and Invasion Biology: Reciprocal Approaches to Nature written by Marc W. Cadotte and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-19 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this edited volume, global experts in ecology and evolutionary biology explore how theories in ecology elucidate the processes of invasion, while also examining how specific invasions inform ecological theory. This reciprocal benefit is highlighted in a number of scales of organization: population, community and biogeographic. The text describes example invaders in all major groups of organisms and from a number of regions around the globe.
Download or read book Notes on Species Coexistence, Invasion and Ecosystem Function written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Species coexistence theory attempts to explain and predict the mechanisms that promote species diversity and the ecological consequences of this diversity. In this thesis I used observational and experimental field studies to test the predictions of several coexistence theories, and developed specific predictions in a theoretical study. The observational study was used to test general predictions made by two mechanisms, neutral interactions and spatial niche partitioning, using bromeliad-dwelling mosquito larvae in Costa Rica. Results from this study were only consistent with spatial niche partitioning, and showed how local, within-bromeliad interactions could scale up to meso-scale (among-bromeliad) distributions. The experimental study, based in the boreal forest understory, used the standard rank-abundance relationships of plant species to test both competitive and facilitative coexistence mechanisms that differentiate between the effects of dominant species and species diversity. In particular, removals of a consistent biomass that targeted one dominant or many low-abundance species were used in conjunction with seedling additions to test the roles of different species, and species diversity, in limiting the establishment of new species. High mortality of new seedlings in completely cleared areas indicated that facilitation was important. However, small-scale disturbances (7% of community biomass removed) either had no effect on seedling survival, or increased survival, indicating competitive effects. These competitive effects were limited to a single dominant species, and were inconsistent with current models of resource niche partitioning. The theoretical study used computer simulations to investigate the effects of regional habitat heterogeneity on local diversity in communities that differed in their connectivity (dispersal among patches) and neutrality (niche overlap among species). The model suggested that dispersal and niche overlap have synergistic effec.
