Mechanisms and pathways of action for nutritional effects on brain health

Download Mechanisms and pathways of action for nutritional effects on brain health PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 283252804X
Total Pages : 171 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Mechanisms and pathways of action for nutritional effects on brain health by : Daniel Joseph Lamport

Download or read book Mechanisms and pathways of action for nutritional effects on brain health written by Daniel Joseph Lamport and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-06-30 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Nutraceuticals in Brain Health and Beyond

Download Nutraceuticals in Brain Health and Beyond PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128206101
Total Pages : 478 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Nutraceuticals in Brain Health and Beyond by : Dilip Ghosh

Download or read book Nutraceuticals in Brain Health and Beyond written by Dilip Ghosh and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-11-12 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutraceuticals in Brain Health and Beyond focuses on a variety of health disorders where intervention with nutritional supplements prove valuable, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, autism, and attention-deficit disorder in children. In addition, Nutraceuticals in Brain Health and Beyond addresses "herb-nutra psychiatry" which is a field of research focused on developing a comprehensive, cohesive, and scientifically rigorous evidence base to shift conceptual thinking around the role of diet and nutrition in mental health.Intended for nutrition researchers, nutritionists, dieticians, regulatory bodies, health professionals, and students studying related fields, Nutraceuticals in Brain Health and Beyond will be a useful reference in understanding the links between nutrition and brain health. - Addresses nutritional psychiatry and cognitive health at all stages of the lifespan - Contains extensive coverage of vitamins, minerals, botanicals, and other nutrients - Offers novel insight into cognitive dysfunctions including depression and other neurodegenerative disorders - Explores the role of genomics and epigenetics, including discussion of the gut–brain axis

Nutrition and Traumatic Brain Injury

Download Nutrition and Traumatic Brain Injury PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309210089
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Nutrition and Traumatic Brain Injury by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Nutrition and Traumatic Brain Injury written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-07-01 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) accounts for up to one-third of combat-related injuries in Iraq and Afghanistan, according to some estimates. TBI is also a major problem among civilians, especially those who engage in certain sports. At the request of the Department of Defense, the IOM examined the potential role of nutrition in the treatment of and resilience against TBI.

Nutritional Neuroscience

Download Nutritional Neuroscience PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780203564554
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (645 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Nutritional Neuroscience by : Harris R. Lieberman

Download or read book Nutritional Neuroscience written by Harris R. Lieberman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-03-18 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific and commercial interest in the field of nutritional neuroscience has grown immensely over the last decade. Today, a broad range of dietary supplements, foods for weight loss, functional foods, nutraceuticals, and medical foods are widely available. Many of these products are marketed for their effects on behavior or brain function, which relates directly to nutritional neuroscience and raises issues regarding their safety and efficacy. The only comprehensive reference on this subject, Nutritional Neuroscience discusses the relationship of nutrition to behavior and neuroscience. Following a review of fundamental issues and methods, the book covers the effects of macronutrients and micronutrients on brain function and behavior. Chapters are devoted to the effects of a wide range of foods, specific nutrients, food constituents, and food additives on cognitive behavior and development. The final section examines foods and supplements that modulate brain function. With a broad range of information presented in a simple and straightforward manner, this book provides an ideal introduction to nutritional neuroscience. The depth of information and comprehensive coverage also make this an essential reference for specialists involved in nutrition, neuroscience, pharmacology, psychology, and related disciplines.

Nutrition and Brain

Download Nutrition and Brain PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN 13 : 3805571666
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (55 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Nutrition and Brain by : John D. Fernstrom

Download or read book Nutrition and Brain written by John D. Fernstrom and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a survey of the links between nutrition and the brain. It examines many of the mechanisms by which diet and individual nutrients are known to modify brain development, biochemistry and function, and evaluates current practices in the use of the diet for the prevention and treatment of disorders affecting brain function. It also highlights the need to consider issues related to brain function in the development and evolution of national policies for treating nutritional deficiencies and excesses. Written by leading investigators and clinicians, this publication will help practitioners, clinical investigators and scientists appreciate the broad opportunities awaiting investigation, and ultimately, clinical applications, in this dynamic and expanding area of investigation.

Micronutrients and Brain Health

Download Micronutrients and Brain Health PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781420073515
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (735 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Micronutrients and Brain Health by : Lester Packer

Download or read book Micronutrients and Brain Health written by Lester Packer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-10-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Micronutrients and Brain Health addresses cutting-edge research related to processes of oxidative stress that affect brain function, an area of increasing significance for those concerned and involved with public health and translational medicine. Edited by four leading micronutrient researchers, the book brings together the investigative work of more than 70 leading researchers from across the world. Chapters identify brain-specific micronutrients that support function as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying their neuroprotectant activity. These explore age-related metabolic pathways, mitochondrial nutrients, neurodegeneration and micronutrients, cell signaling, and neuronal functions. General chapters are included on brain structure, function, and metabolism, while several other chapters are devoted to the role of specific micronutrients. The book explores how brain micronutrients are found to be both metabolic and redox regulators, thereby establishing a cross-talk between the major pathways involved in modulation of cell signaling and gene expression. Specific areas of research covered include: Uses of nutritional interventions to target age-related neuronal and behavioral deficits Effects of various micronutrients on Alzheimer’s disease, including lipoic acid, green tea, and Ginkgo biloba extracts Nutrients specific to essential mitochondrial functions Cognitive and behavioral consequences of iron deficiency with specific emphasis on women of reproductive age Omega-3 fatty acids and their relation to brain function in the elderly Challenges inherent in the development of neuroprotective-neurorescue drugs This book belongs to the groundbreaking CRC Press Series on Oxidative Stress and Disease. The series now includes more than two dozen volumes that address increasing evidence regarding the multiple ways that oxidative stress initiates and accelerates disease mechanisms. Most importantly, this book, like the series, offers invaluable information regarding nutritional and lifestyle choices, and pharmaceutical interventions that can be employed to prevent, control, and even ameliorate disease processes attributed to oxidative stress.

Food Components to Enhance Performance

Download Food Components to Enhance Performance PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030905088X
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Food Components to Enhance Performance by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Food Components to Enhance Performance written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The physiological or psychological stresses that employees bring to their workplace affect not only their own performance but that of their co-workers and others. These stresses are often compounded by those of the job itself. Medical personnel, firefighters, police, and military personnel in combat settingsâ€"among othersâ€"experience highly unpredictable timing and types of stressors. This book reviews and comments on the performance-enhancing potential of specific food components. It reflects the views of military and non-military scientists from such fields as neuroscience, nutrition, physiology, various medical specialties, and performance psychology on the most up-to-date research available on physical and mental performance enhancement in stressful conditions. Although placed within the context of military tasks, the volume will have wide-reaching implications for individuals in any job setting.

Caffeine for the Sustainment of Mental Task Performance

Download Caffeine for the Sustainment of Mental Task Performance PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309082587
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Caffeine for the Sustainment of Mental Task Performance by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Caffeine for the Sustainment of Mental Task Performance written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-01-07 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report from the Committee on Military Nutrition Research reviews the history of caffeine usage, the metabolism of caffeine, and its physiological effects. The effects of caffeine on physical performance, cognitive function and alertness, and alleviation of sleep deprivation impairments are discussed in light of recent scientific literature. The impact of caffeine consumption on various aspects of health, including cardiovascular disease, reproduction, bone mineral density, and fluid homeostasis are reviewed. The behavioral effects of caffeine are also discussed, including the effect of caffeine on reaction to stress, withdrawal effects, and detrimental effects of high intakes. The amounts of caffeine found to enhance vigilance and reaction time consistently are reviewed and recommendations are made with respect to amounts of caffeine appropriate for maintaining alertness of military personnel during field operations. Recommendations are also provided on the need for appropriate labeling of caffeine-containing supplements, and education of military personnel on the use of these supplements. A brief review of some alternatives to caffeine is also provided.

Role of the Mediterranean Diet in the Brain and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Download Role of the Mediterranean Diet in the Brain and Neurodegenerative Diseases PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128119608
Total Pages : 485 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Role of the Mediterranean Diet in the Brain and Neurodegenerative Diseases by : Tahira Farooqui

Download or read book Role of the Mediterranean Diet in the Brain and Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Tahira Farooqui and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-10-24 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Role of the Mediterranean Diet in the Brain and Neurodegenerative Disease provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of all components of the Mediterranean diet on the brain, along with its beneficial effects in neurodegenerative diseases. It covers topics on neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease, (PD) Huntington disease (HD) and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), also providing information on how cardiovascular disease, Type 2 Diabetes, and Metabolic Syndrome become risk factors for neurodegenerative diseases. This book focuses on how the Mediterranean diet suppresses oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases as well as signal transduction. The Mediterranean diet is characterized by the abundant consumption of olive oil, high consumption of plant foods (fruits, vegetables, pulses, cereals, nuts and seeds); frequent and moderate intake of wine (mainly with meals); moderate consumption of fish, seafood, yogurt, cheese, poultry and eggs; and low consumption of red meat and processed meat products. High consumption of dietary fiber, low glycemic index and glycemic load, anti-inflammatory effects, and antioxidant compounds may act together to produce favorable effects on health status. Collective evidence suggests that Mediterranean diet not only increases longevity by lowering cardiovascular disease, inhibiting cancer growth, but also by protecting the body from age-dependent cognitive decline. Comprehensively provides an overview of the effects of the Mediterranean diet on the brain and its beneficial effects in neurodegenerative diseases Discusses the relationship among Type 2 Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease, and the effect of the Mediterranean diet on normal aging, longevity, and other neurodegenerative diseases Focuses on how the Mediterranean diet suppresses oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative disease

Brain-Metabolic Crossroads in Severe Mental Disorders – Focus on Metabolic Syndrome

Download Brain-Metabolic Crossroads in Severe Mental Disorders – Focus on Metabolic Syndrome PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 288963079X
Total Pages : 97 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Brain-Metabolic Crossroads in Severe Mental Disorders – Focus on Metabolic Syndrome by : Virginio Salvi

Download or read book Brain-Metabolic Crossroads in Severe Mental Disorders – Focus on Metabolic Syndrome written by Virginio Salvi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-10-23 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Diet and Cognitive Decline

Download Diet and Cognitive Decline PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Nova Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781594541216
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (412 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Diet and Cognitive Decline by : Francesco Panza

Download or read book Diet and Cognitive Decline written by Francesco Panza and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2004 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The progressive ageing of the general population and the consequent increase of the number of old people has made the typical medical problems of aged people more frequently observed, and particularly the problems related to the ageing brain. This new book is an updated overview of relevant aspects of cognitive decline associated with ageing. Within the wide landscape of brain ageing the authors reconsider the role of the main predisposing factors and risk factors on the development of various form of mental decline, from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. The strength of this book is the large, updated overview of the most recent data of scientific literature regarding the role of genetic, metabolic and environmental factors on the predisposition and onset of cognitive decline. Particular attention is paid to the dietary micro- and macronutrients and to their possible role in the pathogenesis of the various form of dementigen disorders.

Nutrition and Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease

Download Nutrition and Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889197190
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Nutrition and Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease by : Claudia Perez-Cruz

Download or read book Nutrition and Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease written by Claudia Perez-Cruz and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-12-18 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Altered metabolism is known to be associated with a higher incidence of Alzheimer´s disease (AD). Diabetes type 2, obesity, and metabolic syndrome are considered risk factors for the development of dementias, including AD. These metabolic diseases may have a genetic predisposition, but most of them are caused by environmental factors and life-style. Most research has focused on the effect of a high-fat diet (HFD) and sweetened beverages that induce obesity. Importantly, a HFD can also trigger oxidative stress, neuro-inflammation and cognitive decline. Less is known, however, about beneficial effects of diet on cognition, such as slowing the progression or preventing AD by ingesting whole fruits, vegetables, fish and oil. It is important to highlight the difference between vitamin/mineral supplements and whole food, as it appears that the former are clinically ineffective, while multiple ingredients in the latter act synergistically to improve cognition. As AD is a disease of slow progression, therapies should start several decades before clinical symptoms can be observed; one strategy can be the ingestion of healthy food in those subjects with one or more risk factors (genetic, environmental, life-style) already in their 40s, just when some brain metabolic disturbances start to develop. This dietary therapy can overcome the increased reactive oxygen species, protein deposition and synaptic failure, characteristic of AD. This research topic will cover a range of research articles, case studies, opinion and mini-reviews, all focused on describing the damaging effects of an industrial diet on cognition as well as on highlighting the beneficial effects of a healthy diet to prevent AD. We believe that we still have time to fight against the negative impact of our industrialized cultures, and adopt better eating habits, increase exercise and slow down our life style to prevent increasing dementia in the aging population. Also, all these topics has been a product of intensives investigations, with a great life hope, and we hope you all enjoy reading this e-book.

Relationships Among the Brain, the Digestive System, and Eating Behavior

Download Relationships Among the Brain, the Digestive System, and Eating Behavior PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309366860
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Relationships Among the Brain, the Digestive System, and Eating Behavior by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Relationships Among the Brain, the Digestive System, and Eating Behavior written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-02-27 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On July 9-10, 2014, the Institute of Medicine's Food Forum hosted a public workshop to explore emerging and rapidly developing research on relationships among the brain, the digestive system, and eating behavior. Drawing on expertise from the fields of nutrition and food science, animal and human physiology and behavior, and psychology and psychiatry as well as related fields, the purpose of the workshop was to (1) review current knowledge on the relationship between the brain and eating behavior, explore the interaction between the brain and the digestive system, and consider what is known about the brain's role in eating patterns and consumer choice; (2) evaluate current methods used to determine the impact of food on brain activity and eating behavior; and (3) identify gaps in knowledge and articulate a theoretical framework for future research. Relationships among the Brain, the Digestive System, and Eating Behavior summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop.

Neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's Disease

Download Neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's Disease PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119356784
Total Pages : 548 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (193 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's Disease by : Ralph N. Martins

Download or read book Neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's Disease written by Ralph N. Martins and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-07-10 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the impact of diet, exercise, genetics, and hormones on the risk and development of Alzheimer’s and other neurogenerative diseases Diet is widely known to impact on neurological function. Nevertheless, academic texts discussing this relationship are relatively few in number. This book therefore fills an important gap in the current literature. Opening with an overview of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer’s disease, the text then focuses on explaining the means by which glycemic control and lipid metabolism – and associated nutritional and lifestyle variables – may factor into such disorders’ prevention and treatment. An international group of experts in the fields of food science and neurodegeneration have contributed chapters that examine Alzheimer’s disease within a broad range of contexts. Offering dietary, genetic, and hormonal perspectives, the authors explore topics ranging from sugar consumption to digestive fermentation, and Alzheimer’s disease animal models to the cognition-enhancing effects of physical exercise. Also included are overviews of the latest research into current and developing methods of treatment and diagnosis, as well as differential diagnostics. This groundbreaking book: Explores how glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, lipid metabolism, and high intake of refined carbohydrates are linked to Alzheimer's disease Discusses how genetic makeup can impact risk of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease Examines cognitive changes in neurodegeneration, lists current tests for determining cognitive impairment, and provides information concerning differential diagnosis Discusses potential advantages of increasing antioxidant and micronutrient intake Reviews hormonal influences on neurodegeneration Examines the links between protein intake and Alzheimer’s disease. Neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's Disease is an essential resource for researchers, medical practitioners, dietitians, and students with an interest in neurological diseases and their diagnosis and risk factors, as well as diet-related conditions such as diabetes and obesity. Lifestyle and diet influence neurodegeneration risk, and a better understanding of this evidence amongst health professionals will hopefully lead to greater public awareness of how to reduce the likelihood of these widespread conditions.

Nutrition for Brain Health and Cognitive Performance

Download Nutrition for Brain Health and Cognitive Performance PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466570032
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Nutrition for Brain Health and Cognitive Performance by : Talitha Best

Download or read book Nutrition for Brain Health and Cognitive Performance written by Talitha Best and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-06-12 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public awareness of the role diet plays in brain function has been steadily increasing. This has led to significant development of new products, dietary supplements, functional foods, nutraceuticals and public health recommendations for maintaining brain function. Nutrition for Brain Health and Cognitive Performance presents a detailed and innovati

Nutrients and Brain Function

Download Nutrients and Brain Function PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Nutrients and Brain Function by : Walter B. Essman

Download or read book Nutrients and Brain Function written by Walter B. Essman and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: A reference text for clinicians, clinical psychologists, pathologists, psychiatrists, health care practioners and researchers, and nutritionists presents 19 authoritative papers dealing with interactions between nutrients and brain function from both research and applied perspectives. The papers are grouped among 4 principal themes, viz.: basic processes involving the role of nutrients in brain function; behavioral effects of nutrients and nutritional status; pathological behaviors; and psychosocial processes. Tabular and graphical data and copious literature citations are presented throughout the text. The role of nutrients in normal brain function, memory, neural hyperexcitability, maladaptive behavior, and delinquency is addressed.

Omega Fatty Acids in Brain and Neurological Health

Download Omega Fatty Acids in Brain and Neurological Health PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128152397
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Omega Fatty Acids in Brain and Neurological Health by : Ronald Ross Watson

Download or read book Omega Fatty Acids in Brain and Neurological Health written by Ronald Ross Watson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-06-12 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research has clearly established a link between omega fatty acids and general health, particularly cardiovascular health. Omega Fatty Acids in Brain and Neurological Health, Second Edition, illustrates the importance of omega-3 fatty acids in longevity, cognitive impairment and structure and function of the brain's neurons and also the adverse effects of omega-6 fatty acids on neurological function. This book encompasses some of the most recent research on the links between omega fatty acids and the developing brain, aging, dementia, Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis, including the role of omega-3 fatty acid supplements on hippocampal neurogenesis, substantia nigra modulation, migraine headaches, the developing brain in animals, sleep and neurodegenerative diseases. This completely updated second edition focuses on the counterbalancing dietary and tissue omega-6 fatty acids as well as it studies the effects in pregnancy and early infancy, animal model studies and autoimmune neurological diseases. - Provides a comprehensive introduction to omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in neurological health and directions for future research - Features novel focus on the adverse effects of omega-6 fatty acids on neurological function and the counterbalancing of dietary and tissue omega-6 - Illustrates the importance of omega-3 fatty acids in longevity and cognitive impairment - Features new chapters on early effects in pregnancy and early infancy, animal model studies and autoimmune neurological diseases - Discusses links between omega fatty acids and the developing brain, aging, dementia, Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis, including the role of omega-3 fatty acid supplements