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Mechanism Involved In Trichloroethylene Induced Liver Cancer
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Book Synopsis Mechanism Involved in Trichloroethylene-Induced Liver Cancer by :
Download or read book Mechanism Involved in Trichloroethylene-Induced Liver Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this project is to develop critical data for improving risk-based cleanup standards for trichloroethylene (TCE). Importance to DOE. Cleanup costs for chlorinated solvents found on DOE sites are most frequently driven by TCE because it is the most widespread contaminant and is generally present at the highest concentrations. Data that would permit increases in risk-based standards for TCE would reduce complex wide cleanup costs by hundreds of millions of dollars. Current Regulatory Actions that Research will Impact. EPA is currently reviewing its risk assessment for TCE. Richard J. Bull has worked with EPA on this review by writing the mode of action section of their determination. A presentation by James Cogliano of EPA at the 1999 Annual Society of Toxicology Meeting indicates that they have accepted the concept of nonlinear extrapolation for liver tumor induction by TCE. This project will end in FY 1999 with its major technical and policy objectives satisfied.
Book Synopsis Mechanisms Involved in Trichloroethylene-Induced Liver Cancer by :
Download or read book Mechanisms Involved in Trichloroethylene-Induced Liver Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The project is organized around two interrelated tasks: Task 1 develops the basic dosimetry parameters and provides in vivo data describing the mode of action tumorigenic and for the metabolites of TCE that produce liver cancer in mice, dichloroacetate (DCA) and trichloroacetate (TCA). Early work suggested that TCA was primarily responsible for TCE-induced liver tumor. More recent, mechanistic observations indicated that DCA played a prominent role. Therefore, studies were designed to determine whether the effects of DCA were mediated through a mode of action that affects primarily tumor growth rates. Task 2 seeks specific evidence that TCA and DCA are capable of promoting the growth of spontaneously initiated cells from mouse liver, in vitro. The data provide the clearest evidence that both metabolites act by a mechanism of selection rather than mutation. These data are necessary to select between a linear (i.e. no threshold) and non-linear low-dose extrapolation models.
Book Synopsis Mechanism Involved in Trichloroethylene-induced Liver Cancer by :
Download or read book Mechanism Involved in Trichloroethylene-induced Liver Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this project is to develop critical data for changing risk-based clean-up standards for trichloroethylene (TCE). The project is organized around two interrelated tasks: Task 1 addresses the tumorigenic and dosimetry issues for the metabolites of TCE that produce liver cancer in mice, dichloroacetate (DCA) and trichloroacetate (TCA). Early work had suggested that TCA was primarily responsible for TCE-induced liver tumors, but several, more mechanistic observations suggest that DCA may play a prominent role. This task is aimed at determining the basis for the selection hypothesis and seeks to prove that this mode of action is responsible for TCE-induced tumors. This project will supply the basic dose-response data from which low-dose extrapolations would be made. Task 2 seeks specific evidence that TCA and DCA are capable of promoting the growth of spontaneously initiated cells from mouse liver, in vitro. The data provide the clearest evidence that both metabolites act by a mechanism of selection rather than mutation. These data are necessary to select between a linear (i.e. no threshold) and non-linear low-dose extrapolation model. As of May of 1998, this research has identified two plausible modes of action by which TCE produces liver tumors in mice. These modes of action do not require the compounds to be mutagenic. The bulk of the experimental evidence suggests that neither TCE nor the two hepatocarcinogenic metabolites of TCE are mutagenic. The results from the colony formation assay clearly establish that both of these metabolites cause colony growth from initiated cells that occur spontaneously in the liver of B 6 C 3 F 1 mice, although the phenotypes of the colonies differ in the same manner as tumors differ, in vivo. In the case of DCA, a second mechanism may occur at a lower dose involving the release of insulin. This observation is timely as it was recently reported that occupational exposures to trichloroethylene results in 2 to 4-fold elevations in serum insulin concentrations, as well. The increases in insulin have not been shown responsible for the induction of liver tumors. Therefore, this problem is a subject of a proposal to the Office of Biological and Environmental Research Low-Dose Initiative. However, even if this is demonstrated to be the most sensitive mechanism for liver tumor induction, it is unlikely to contribute to induction of cancer at lower doses, since this involves modification of normal endocrine function. As doses are decreased to levels that do not induce increase in serum insulin level, there should be no risk from this metabolite either. Therefore, there is clearly a rational basis for considering a margin of exposure for low dose extrapolation of liver cancer risks for TCE.
Book Synopsis Mechanism Involved in Trichloroethylene-induced Liver Cancer by :
Download or read book Mechanism Involved in Trichloroethylene-induced Liver Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Pacific Northwest National Lab. was awarded ten (10) Environmental Management Science Program (EMSP) research grants in Fiscal Year 1996. This section gives a summary of how each grant is addressing significant DOE cleanup issues, including those at the Hanford Site. The technical progress made to date in each of these research projects is addressed in more detail in the individual progress reports contained in this document. This research is primarily focused in three areas-Tank Waste Remediation, Soil and Groundwater Cleanup, and Health Effects.
Book Synopsis Trichloroethylene: Toxicity and Health Risks by : Kathleen M. Gilbert
Download or read book Trichloroethylene: Toxicity and Health Risks written by Kathleen M. Gilbert and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-02-18 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of the effects of trichloroethylene toxicity caused by real-life exposure levels highlighting how exposure to trichloroethylene may contribute to the etiology of several idiopathic human diseases. Discussion will focus on different kinds of modeling and how they may be used to predict functional consequences and to dissect the contribution of different mechanistic pathways, including potential mechanisms of action for trichloroethylene toxicity in different organ systems. It will explore the role of epigenetic alterations in trichloroethylene toxicity, this provides important mechanistic information and may also provide the basis for intervention therapy. Chapters will also explain how the risks from trichloroethylene exposure may be greater in certain populations based on genetic predisposition, age of exposure and co-exposure to other chemicals With contributions from international experts in the field, Trichloroethylene: Toxicity and Health Risks is an essential resource for researchers and clinicians in toxicology, immunology, medicine and public health as well as industry and government regulatory scientists involved in safety and health protection and epidemiologists, highlighting the need for interdisciplinary cooperation in solving issues of environmental toxicity.
Book Synopsis Assessing the Human Health Risks of Trichloroethylene by : National Research Council
Download or read book Assessing the Human Health Risks of Trichloroethylene written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-01-08 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trichloroethylene is a chlorinated solvent widely used as a degreasing agent in industrial and manufacturing settings. It is also used as a chemical intermediate in making other chemicals and is a component of products such as typewriter correction fluid, paint removers, adhesives, and spot removers. In 2001, EPA issued a draft health risk assessment and proposed exposure standards for trichloroethylene. PA's Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) reviewed the draft and it was issued for public comment. A number of scientific issues were raised during the course of these reviews. Assessing the Human Health Risks of Trichloroethylene identifies and assesses the key scientific issues relevant to analyzing the human health risks of trichloroethylene, considering pertinent toxicologic, epidemiologic, population susceptibility, and other available information, including relevant published scientific literature, EPA's 2001 draft health risk assessment of trichloroethylene, scientific and technical comments received by EPA from public and private sources, and additional relevant information to be provided by the sponsoring agencies. This report highlights issues critical to the development of an objective, realistic, and scientifically balanced trichloroethylene health risk assessment. Guidance for hazard characterization of trichloroethylene is presented in Chapters 2 through 10. Chapter 2 provides guidance for evaluating large sets of epidemiologic data. In Chapter 3, the committee applies this guidance as an example in its evaluation of the epidemiologic data on trichloroethylene and kidney cancer, and this example should help guide evaluations of other cancer risks. Chapter 3 also assesses new information on the kidney toxicity of trichloroethylene and its metabolites and potential modes of action. Chapters 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 evaluate the key issues regarding liver toxicity and cancer, reproductive and developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, respiratory tract toxicity and cancer, and immunotoxicity, respectively. However, the committee's review focused on mode-of-action information to understand how trichloroethylene might affect certain processes differently in different species. Chapter 9 discusses susceptibility to trichloroethylene and its metabolites, and Chapter 10 describes important factors in considering trichloroethylene in mixtures. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic models are evaluated in Chapter 11, and guidance is provided on future directions for model development. Finally, Chapter 12 considers issues related to dose-response assessment and quantitative assessment of risk.
Book Synopsis WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality by :
Download or read book WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2010 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents WHO guidelines for the protection of public health from risks due to a number of chemicals commonly present in indoor air. The substances considered in this review, i.e. benzene, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, naphthalene, nitrogen dioxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (especially benzo[a]pyrene), radon, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, have indoor sources, are known in respect of their hazardousness to health and are often found indoors in concentrations of health concern. The guidelines are targeted at public health professionals involved in preventing health risks of environmental exposures, as well as specialists and authorities involved in the design and use of buildings, indoor materials and products. They provide a scientific basis for legally enforceable standards.
Book Synopsis Toxicological Profile for Trichloroethylene by :
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Trichloroethylene written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Recent Scientific Developments That Affect the Assessment of Risk Posed by Trichloroethylene and Perchloroethylene by : RE. Jones
Download or read book Recent Scientific Developments That Affect the Assessment of Risk Posed by Trichloroethylene and Perchloroethylene written by RE. Jones and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trichloroethylene (TRI) and perchloroethylene (PER) are chlorinated hydrocarbons with similar chemical and toxicological properties. Cancer bioassay results with TRI and PER have shown increased incidence of liver tumors in B6C3F1 mice. Though the exact mechanism of tumor induction caused by TRI or PER is unknown, metabolic activation is strongly implicated. The major metabolite, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), induces peroxisomal proliferation (PP) in livers of rodents. Evidence suggests that PP in the liver is linked to the development of hepatic carcinomas. Whether PP is causative or just a by-product of liver cancer is unknown, but results establish that human cells do not react to TCA as rodent cells do. The current information on pharmacokinetics and mechanism-of-action for TRI and PER do not support a concern for carcinogenicity of exposed persons, based on findings of cancer in rodents. Moreover, the findings do not suggest a need for quantitative risk assessment.
Book Synopsis Contaminated Water Supplies at Camp Lejeune by : National Research Council
Download or read book Contaminated Water Supplies at Camp Lejeune written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-09-06 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early 1980s, two water-supply systems on the Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune in North Carolina were found to be contaminated with the industrial solvents trichloroethylene (TCE) and perchloroethylene (PCE). The water systems were supplied by the Tarawa Terrace and Hadnot Point watertreatment plants, which served enlisted-family housing, barracks for unmarried service personnel, base administrative offices, schools, and recreational areas. The Hadnot Point water system also served the base hospital and an industrial area and supplied water to housing on the Holcomb Boulevard water system (full-time until 1972 and periodically thereafter). This book examines what is known about the contamination of the water supplies at Camp Lejeune and whether the contamination can be linked to any adverse health outcomes in former residents and workers at the base.
Download or read book Occupational Neurology written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Occupational Neurology a volume in the Handbook of Clinical Neurology Series, provides a comprehensive overview of the science, clinical diagnosis, and treatment for neurotoxin related neurological and psychiatric disorders. This timely collection provides not only a complete scientific reference on the chemical origin of this class of neurological and psychiatric disorders, but also a practical guide to diagnosis and treatment challenges and best practices. Handbook of Clinical Neurology Series The first volume of the Handbook of Clinical Neurology under the editorship of George Bruyn and Pierre Vinken was published in 1968. In 1982, the series was brought to an interim conclusion with the publication of the cumulative index volume (Volume 44). By that stage, the Handbook had come to represent one of the largest scientific works ever published. It enjoys a high reputation in specialist media circles throughout the world. After the series was concluded in 1982, it was realized that an update of the material was imperative. Accordingly, a revised series was planned and published over the following years, concluding with the publication of another cumulative index to both series (Volume 76-78) in 2002. Since then, George Bruyn has passed away and Pierre Vinken has retired, but the need for a further new series, incorporating advances in the field, again become necessary. Professors Michael J. Aminoff, François Boller and Dick F. Swaab have with enthusiasm taken on the responsibility of supervising the preparation of a third series, the first volumes of which were published in 2003. Now, more than 130 volumes after the first published, the Handbook of Clinical Neurology series continues to have an unparalleled reputation for providing the latest foundational research, diagnosis, and treatment protocols essential for both basic neuroscience research and clinical neurology. - Provides comprehensive coverage of neurotoxins, especially in the workplace - Details the latest science as the foundation for neurotoxicity diagnosis and treatment - Presents coverage of the diagnosis and treatment essential for clinical neurologists and occupational medicine specialists
Book Synopsis Reducing Environmental Cancer Risk by : Suzanne H. Reuben
Download or read book Reducing Environmental Cancer Risk written by Suzanne H. Reuben and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Though overall cancer incidence and mortality have continued to decline in recent years, cancer continues to devastate the lives of far too many Americans. In 2009 alone, 1.5 million American men, women, and children were diagnosed with cancer, and 562,000 died from the disease. There is a growing body of evidence linking environmental exposures to cancer. The Pres. Cancer Panel dedicated its 2008¿2009 activities to examining the impact of environmental factors on cancer risk. The Panel considered industrial, occupational, and agricultural exposures as well as exposures related to medical practice, military activities, modern lifestyles, and natural sources. This report presents the Panel¿s recommend. to mitigate or eliminate these barriers. Illus.
Book Synopsis Treatment of Infertility with Chinese Medicine E-Book by : Jane Lyttleton
Download or read book Treatment of Infertility with Chinese Medicine E-Book written by Jane Lyttleton and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this popular text systematically addresses all aspects of treatment of infertility using Chinese medicine. Clinically focused and with a new easy-to-navigate design, the book begins by covering all the essential fundamentals you will need to understand and treat infertility, before going on to look at what Chinese medicine offers in the way of treatment for functional infertility in men and women, gynecological disorders which contribute to infertility and relevant lifestyle factors. Jane Lyttleton importantly devotes a large part of the book to discussing ways in which Chinese medicine and Western medicine might work together to overcome infertility, and details the increased experience over the past decade in working with IVF patients and their specialists. Leaps forward have also been made in the understanding of conditions such as Polycystic ovarian syndrome and immune infertility. New Features · Greatly expanded section on the place of Chinese medicine and IVF in treatment of infertility · New information on Polycystic ovarian disease and immune infertility and how Chinese medicine approaches their treatment · Updated and balanced advice on pre-conception care · Clinically focused, with easy-to-navigate design
Author :Committee on Curriculum Development in Environmental Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309568722 Total Pages :988 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (95 download)
Book Synopsis Environmental Medicine by : Committee on Curriculum Development in Environmental Medicine
Download or read book Environmental Medicine written by Committee on Curriculum Development in Environmental Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-05-12 with total page 988 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People are increasingly concerned about potential environmental health hazards and often ask their physicians questions such as: "Is the tap water safe to drink?" "Is it safe to live near power lines?" Unfortunately, physicians often lack the information and training related to environmental health risks needed to answer such questions. This book discusses six competency based learning objectives for all medical school students, discusses the relevance of environmental health to specific courses and clerkships, and demonstrates how to integrate environmental health into the curriculum through published case studies, some of which are included in one of the book's three appendices. Also included is a guide on where to obtain additional information for treatment, referral, and follow-up for diseases with possible environmental and/or occupational origins.
Book Synopsis Toxicological Profile for Toluene by :
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Toluene written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :332 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Re-evaluation of Some Organic Chemicals, Hydrazine and Hydrogen Peroxide by : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans
Download or read book Re-evaluation of Some Organic Chemicals, Hydrazine and Hydrogen Peroxide written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Toxicological Profile for Tetrachloroethylene by :
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Tetrachloroethylene written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
