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Mechanical Properties Of Styrene Butadiene Rubber With Oil Palm Trunk Fiber As Filler
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Book Synopsis Mechanical Properties of Styrene Butadiene Rubber with Oil Palm Trunk Fiber as Filler by : Mohd Hazizul Hamzah
Download or read book Mechanical Properties of Styrene Butadiene Rubber with Oil Palm Trunk Fiber as Filler written by Mohd Hazizul Hamzah and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthetic rubber on the other hand is a rubber which is synthesized chemically. Styrene-butadiene rubber is one of them. The synthetic rubber gives different properties from natural rubber in every aspect. The objectives of this research are to investigate the mechanical properties changes in styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) filled with oil palm trunks as fillers and to check the differences in properties between the amounts of fillers used. The purpose of this research is to investigate the properties of styrene butadiene rubber blending with oil palm trunk fiber as filler. The research is based on experimental lab research. The contribution of oil palm trunk as a filler in rubber compound will decrease the burning activities and reducing environmental issues. Many researches have been done in rubber/natural filler blending in order to improve the properties of rubber with economically. The methods in this research are divided into three sections; mixing, molding, and testing. Mixing required two roll mills as a device blending rubber with filler, accelerator and vulcanizing agent. Molding required hot and cold press molding to form a sheet of product before testing. Testing required a universal testing machine to test the tensile properties of the rubber blend. Two chemical used in this swelling test; kerosene and diesel. The samples were put into two different bottles with kerosene inside one bottle and diesel inside another bottle. The time taken to complete the test was 24 hours - exactly one day. The result from testing showed that increasing amount of fillers will actually decrease the tensile strength, increase the tensile modulus and increase swelling behavior of the rubber blend. As conclusion, most of mechanical properties decrease with increasing of filler content. As recommendation, increasing the filler content might give the better result, and giving more information about capability of styrene butadiene rubber to consume more filler.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Oil Palm Trunk Filler in Expoxied Natural Rubber by : Mohd Saiful Affendi Zabidi
Download or read book The Effect of Oil Palm Trunk Filler in Expoxied Natural Rubber written by Mohd Saiful Affendi Zabidi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of loading oil palm trunk as filler in natural rubber was investigated in this research. The testing that will be made on the reinforced fiber rubber are tensile strength test and swelling test. The natural rubber is obtained from Rubber Research Institute Malaysia (RRIM). There are three types of rubber in this research. They are Epoxied Natural Rubber (ENR), Standard Malaysian Rubber (SMR), and Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR). The selected ENR will be milled on the two roll mill machine and mix with filler after the milling process. The filler will be divided into five different of parts per hundred rubbers (phr). The compounds will be vulcanized with sulfur and ready to be molded. The molded rubber will be tested. The machines that will be used in this research are two roll mill for compounding and hot press machine for molding. Two roll mills will operate for 3 hours per compound. The hot press machine will be used for 25 minutes each molding sessions. Conventional filler is the carbon black filler. Oil palm trunk is used as filler to compare with carbon black filler in terms of rubber properties. It was found out that the higher the amount of oil palm trunk in rubber, the lower the tensile strength of the rubber. The swelling of rubber product is higher in kerosene compare with diesel. When the filler content increase, the mixing time will be increased.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Oil Palm Trunk Fiber on Characterization of Natural Rubber by : Mohamad Azlan Syah Dzulkafli
Download or read book The Effect of Oil Palm Trunk Fiber on Characterization of Natural Rubber written by Mohamad Azlan Syah Dzulkafli and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The strength of a material to stress depends on the chemical bonds found in the chemical structure of the material itself. This thesis deals with the effect of different filler loading on the natural rubber vulcanizates so that the dynamic mechanical properties of vulcanized natural rubber can be obtained. The objective of this thesis is to study the effect of different filler loading or amount of filler loaded on natural rubber that is Standard Malaysian Rubber 10 (SMR-10). For this study, natural filler that is oil palm trunk fiber which is varies from 0 to 50 phr have been used as an additive to strengthen the chemical bonds of natural rubber as well as other chemicals that were added to natural rubber. Rubber compounds filled with natural fillers and other chemical additives is prepared using a two roll mill and the characteristics of the mechanical properties are studied and analyzed to determine the effect on the strength of natural rubber when natural filler is added as filler. In this thesis, there is description on background of the natural rubber and the characteristics of cured natural rubber after being treated by fillers. Most commonly used fillers by industry for curing natural rubber is carbon black and calcium carbonate which is can be categorized by black filler and non-black filler. But for this study, these materials will be used as a reference and oil palm trunk fiber is used as replacement and the effects of natural fillers are studied and analyzed. The functions for each material that is stated above might be vary based on their physical and chemical properties data but all fillers generally increase the tensile strength and modulus of vulcanized natural rubber into particular level.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Various Additives on the Mechanical Properties of Styrene-butadiene and Natural Rubbers by : Edwin Oliver Navarro
Download or read book The Effect of Various Additives on the Mechanical Properties of Styrene-butadiene and Natural Rubbers written by Edwin Oliver Navarro and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Properties of Styrene Butadiene Rubber by : Ahmad Azrem Azmi
Download or read book The Properties of Styrene Butadiene Rubber written by Ahmad Azrem Azmi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of cure characteristics, physical and mechanical properties and morphological properties on styrene butadiene rubber/recycled chloroprene rubber (SBR/CRr) blends were investigated. SBR/CRr blends with blend ratios 95/5, 85/15, 75/25, 65/35 and 50/50 were prepared using two roll mill at room temperature and followed by compression moulding. The results on comparison of styrene butadiene rubber/virgin chloroprene rubber (SBR/CRv) blends with SBR/CRr blends showed that at similar blend ratios, particularly up to 15 phr, SBR/CRr blends exhibited improvement in tensile strength while the M100, hardness and crosslink density of SBR/CRr blends exhibited increment value in all blend ratios. The smallest size of CRr particles S1 (346-486 μm) in SBR/CRr blends showed a better cure characteristics and mechanical properties compared with all other blend ratios in S2 (664-891 μm) and S3 (0.3-0.7 mm). Futhermore, the processing become more efficient and the contact surface area increased which provided more efficient interfacial bonds. The compatibilization of SBR/CRr blends with 5 phr of trans-polyoctylene rubber (TOR) improved the adhesion between CRr and the SBR matrix, thus, improving the compatibility of SBR/CRr blends. Cure characteristics of compatibilised SBR/CRr blend have shorter scorch time, t2 and cure time, t90 than uncompatibilised SBR/CRr blends. Compatibilised SBR/CRr blends showed lower minimum torque (ML) compared to uncompatibilised SBR/CRr blends at all blend ratios. However, maximum torque (MH) of compatibilised SBR/CRr blends exhibit the opposite trend compared with the uncompatibilised SBR/CRr blends. The tensile strength, M100, hardness and crosslink density of compatibilised SBR/CRr blends also improved compared with uncompatibilised SBR/CRr blends. The cure time, t90 of SBR/CRr/CB blends and SBR/CRr/CaCO3 blends decreased with increasing CRr content in both blends. However, scorch time, t2, increased with increasing CRr content in both blends. SBR/CRr/CB blends showed higher minimum torque (ML) compared to SBR/CRr/CaCO3 blends at all blend ratios. However, maximum torque (MH) of SBR/CRr/CB blends exhibit the opposite trend compared with the SBR/CRr/CaCO3 blends. SBR/CRr/CB blends exhibited a better result in all mechanical and physical properties compared with SBR/CRr/CaCO3 blends at all blend ratios.
Book Synopsis Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Styrene-butadiene-styrene Block Copolymer (SBS) and SBS-ground Rubber Composites by : Zhouping Li
Download or read book Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Styrene-butadiene-styrene Block Copolymer (SBS) and SBS-ground Rubber Composites written by Zhouping Li and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Mechanical Drying on Styrene-Butadiene Rubber by : ML. Hall
Download or read book Effects of Mechanical Drying on Styrene-Butadiene Rubber written by ML. Hall and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the commercial production of styrene-butadiene copolymers, the finished product is dried by oven-type dryers or by mechanical-type dryers. Our goal was to determine if, and to what extent, the severe conditions of mechanical drying effect the viscoelastic properties of the copolymer. It was determined that mechanical drying added to the "shear history" of the polymer and contributed to premature breakdown. Furthermore, the rheological properties of the polymer are altered in a manner that suggests the presence of long-chain branching. These alterations persist in the compounded stock as variations in the elastic properties of the uncured material. The shear history of a compound is important to its processibility. This history begins at the production of the base polymers and may be of concern to the user.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Styrene Butadiene Rubber by : Jingyi Yuen
Download or read book Handbook of Styrene Butadiene Rubber written by Jingyi Yuen and published by . This book was released on 2016-04-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) is one of the most versatile copolymer rubber compounds. It consists of the organic compound styrene and the chemical budatiene, with the amount of budatiene usually being about three times more than the amount of styrene. SBR is a stable synthetic rubber that is resistant to abrasion. It is used in a wide variety of products, such as automobile tires, childrens toys, shoe soles and even chewing gum. SBR is produced either through ionic polymerization of a solution or as an emulsion through free radical polymerisation. Also known as emulsion stryrenebutadiene rubber (E-SBR), this product was first developed in the 1930s by I.G. Farbenindustrie in Germany. It was created through an emulsion procedure that used polymerization as the means of producing a material that had a low reaction viscosity but had all the attribute of natural rubber. SBR was very cost-effective and was used to stretch dwindling natural rubber resources, especially in tire manufacturing at a time when tires were made of solid rubber.
Book Synopsis The Effects on Cure Characteristics, Physico-Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Bamboo Activated Carbon Filled Styrene Butadiene Rubber Vulcanizates by :
Download or read book The Effects on Cure Characteristics, Physico-Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Bamboo Activated Carbon Filled Styrene Butadiene Rubber Vulcanizates written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis electrical and mechanical properties of styrene-butadiene rubber-reinforced with synthetic fibers by : azza abbas mohammed ward
Download or read book electrical and mechanical properties of styrene-butadiene rubber-reinforced with synthetic fibers written by azza abbas mohammed ward and published by . This book was released on with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Improved Mechanical Properties and Ozone Resistance of Styrene-butadiene Rubber Cured by Ionizing Radiation by : Ahmed Ali Basfar
Download or read book Improved Mechanical Properties and Ozone Resistance of Styrene-butadiene Rubber Cured by Ionizing Radiation written by Ahmed Ali Basfar and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lignocellulose written by Ryohei Tanaka and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environment and energy resources ; Pulp, paper and cellulose derivatives ; Bio-based composites ; New technological developments ; Resources, properties and characterization
Book Synopsis Characterization and Properties of Natural Rubber/styrene Butadiene Rubber/recycled Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber (NR/SBR/rNBR) Blends by : Nik Zakaria Nik Yahya
Download or read book Characterization and Properties of Natural Rubber/styrene Butadiene Rubber/recycled Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber (NR/SBR/rNBR) Blends written by Nik Zakaria Nik Yahya and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this research are to determine the optimum blend ratio for natural rubber/styrene butadiene rubber/recycled acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NR/SBR/rNBR) blends, and its characteristics and properties. To determine the effects of different particle sizes of rNBR on characteristics and properties of NR/SBR/rNBR blends. To investigate the effects of epoxidised natural rubber (ENR-50) as compatibilizer on characteristics and properties of NR/SBR/rNBR blends. To determine the effects of carbon black (CB), rice husk (RH) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) respectively, as filler on properties of NR/SBR/rNBR blends.
Book Synopsis Exploring the Piezoresistive Characteristics of Solution Styrene Butadiene Rubber Composites Under Static and Dynamic Conditions by : Eshwaran Subramani Bhagavatheswaran
Download or read book Exploring the Piezoresistive Characteristics of Solution Styrene Butadiene Rubber Composites Under Static and Dynamic Conditions written by Eshwaran Subramani Bhagavatheswaran and published by . This book was released on 2019* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Novel Modifications of Styrene-butadiene and Isoprene Rubber by : Nathan Schmitz
Download or read book Novel Modifications of Styrene-butadiene and Isoprene Rubber written by Nathan Schmitz and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Novel modifications of styrene-butadiene rubber were studied using conventional curatives, sulfur curing packages or peroxides, to efficiently utilize supramolecular reinforcement strategies that improve the mechanical properties of rubber. Thiol-ene coupling proved to be an effective method for modifying styrene-butadiene rubber during peroxide curing, but it was inadequate when attempted during sulfur vulcanization. Supramolecular reinforcement was achieved by grafting mercapto-functionalized sodium phosphate esters to styrene-butadiene rubber during peroxide curing which electrostatically associate. The association strength between these ionic grafts played a critical role in determining the degree of reinforcement. Possible mechanisms by which reinforcement occurs were discussed and, at low grafting densities, at least one mechanism was determined not to play a major role. It was shown that substantial modification of cis-1,4-polyisoprene does not occur by thiol-ene coupling and that another chemical means must be used to modify this substrate. Reagents consisting of thioaldehydes derived from thiosulfinates were used in Alder-ene reactions to modify cis-1,4-polyisoprene. Based on this chemistry, new grafting and crosslinking agents were developed that react quickly and at relatively low temperatures. Important elements in the molecular design of these curatives were discussed and it was demonstrated that good mechanical properties are attainable.
Book Synopsis Tensile Strength of Styrene-butadiene Rubber Vulcanizates by : William May
Download or read book Tensile Strength of Styrene-butadiene Rubber Vulcanizates written by William May and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fibre-reinforced Polymer Composites in Construction by : Andrew Cripps
Download or read book Fibre-reinforced Polymer Composites in Construction written by Andrew Cripps and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the construction industry, fibre-reinforced polymer composites are widely used in applications such as cladding, pipes, for repair and in strengthening work. However, there are many situations where they are not used, where they can offer a solution through their high strength-to-weight ratio, their ability to survive harsh environments, and the fact that they can be formed into complex shapes. They can be fire resistant, and their low weight brings installation benefits in space-cramped and time-critical projects. These benefits mean that the composite solution can be cheaper than any other alternative, particularly in terms of whole life cost. This report seeks to address the reasons why FRP composites are not used more widely in construction, and to encourage their appropriate use in the future. This book addresses the many potential applications of FRP, attempting to balance the wide variety of possibilities with the need to provide more detail in key areas. It explains the differences between the techniques and the potential for each one to produce different products. It also helps to make sense of sales and other literature from the industry. The book discusses the key design areas: structural, fire performance, joining, finishes, environmental resistance and environmental impact.
