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Mechanical Characterization And Morphology Study Of A Novel Class Of Carbon Nanotube Textiles And Composites
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Book Synopsis Mechanical Characterization and Morphology Study of a Novel Class of Carbon Nanotube Textiles and Composites by : Philip David Bradford
Download or read book Mechanical Characterization and Morphology Study of a Novel Class of Carbon Nanotube Textiles and Composites written by Philip David Bradford and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: polymer matrix, composite fabrication, tensile testing, nanocomposites.
Book Synopsis Mechanical Characterization and Morphology Study of a Novel Class of Carbon Nanotube Textiles and Composites by :
Download or read book Mechanical Characterization and Morphology Study of a Novel Class of Carbon Nanotube Textiles and Composites written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon nanotube yarns are an emerging class of carbon nanotube materials that show great promise in composite applications. This research study was conducted to gain insight into the morphological structure of the yarns and to correlate their structure to the mechanical properties of both dry yarns and composites. Complex 3-D braided nanotube yarn structures were provided to determine the mechanical properties of macroscopic samples and to determine the effect of processing on the yarns. To accomplish these goals, baseline samples of carbon fiber were tested, a microscopical study was conducted, the cross sectional area of the samples were properly determined, composites were fabricated, and samples of the dry nanotube yarn structures as well as their composites were tested in tension. The results of this study showed that in composite structures with low viscosity resin, the nanotube yarns did not act as the constituent reinforcement. Due to resin penetration through the yarns structures, the individual nanotubes that make up the yarns acted as the constituent reinforcement. In addition, the testing of the 3-D braided yarn structures showed that this process did not significantly weaken the structure and could be useful in making macroscopic preforms of carbon nanotube yarns.
Book Synopsis Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Composites Via Melt Compounding by :
Download or read book Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Composites Via Melt Compounding written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mechanical properties and morphology of multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWNT)/polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites were studied as a function of nanotube orientation and concentration. Through melt mixing followed by melt drawing, using a twin screw mini-extruder with a specially designed winding apparatus, the dispersion and orientation of multi-wall carbon nanotubes was optimized in polypropylene. Tensile tests showed a 32% increase in toughness for a 0.25 wt % MWNT in PP (over pure PP). Moreover, modulus increased by 138% with 0.25 wt % MWNTs. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) all demonstrated qualitative nanotube orientation. Wide angle X-ray diffraction was used to calculate the Herman's Orientation Factor for the composites as function of nanotube loading and orientation. No significant changes in PP crystal orientation were found indicating that the alignment of the nanotubes did not significantly affect the orientation of the PP crystals. In addition, differential scanning caloriometry (DSC) qualitatively revealed little change in overall crystallinity. In conclusion this work has shown that melt mixing coupled with melt drawing has yielded MWNT/PP composites with a unique combination of strength and toughness suitable for advanced fiber applications, such as smart fibers and high performance fabrics.
Book Synopsis Carbon Nanotubes by : Arvind Agarwal
Download or read book Carbon Nanotubes written by Arvind Agarwal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Foreword, written by legendary nano pioneer M. Meyyappan, Chief Scientist for Exploration Technology NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA: "...there is critical need for a book to summarize the status of the field but more importantly to lay out the principles behind the technology. This is what Professor Arvind Agarwal and his co-workers ... have done here." Carbon Nanotubes: Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites reflects the authors’ desire to share the benefits of nanotechnology with the masses by developing metal matrix carbon nanotube (MM-CNT) composites for large-scale applications. Multiwall carbon nanotubes can now be produced on a large scale and at a significantly reduced cost. The book explores potential applications and applies the author’s own research to highlight critical developmental issues for different MM-CNT composites—and then outline novel solutions. With this problem-solving approach, the book explores: Advantages, limitations, and the evolution of processing techniques used for MM-CNT composites Characterization techniques unique to the study of MM-CNT composites—and the limitations of these methods Existing research on different MM-CNT composites, presented in useful tables that include composition, processing method, quality of CNT dispersion, and properties The micro-mechanical strengthening that results from adding CNT The applicability of micro-mechanics models in MM-CNT composites Significance of chemical stability for carbon nanotubes in the metal matrix as a function of processing, and its impact on CNT/metal interface and mechanical properties Computational studies that have not been sufficiently covered although they are essential to research and development The critical issue of CNT dispersion in the metal matrix, as well as a unique way to quantify CNT distribution and subsequently improve control of the processing parameters for obtaining improved properties Carbon Nanotubes: Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites paints a vivid picture of scientific and application achievements in this field. Exploring the mechanisms through which CNTs are enhancing the properties of different metal-based composites, the authors provide a roadmap to help researchers develop MM-CNT composites and choose potential materials for use in emerging areas of technology.
Book Synopsis Characterization of Carbon Nanotube Based Composites under Consideration of Defects by : Moones Rahmandoust
Download or read book Characterization of Carbon Nanotube Based Composites under Consideration of Defects written by Moones Rahmandoust and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-14 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the characterization methods involved with carbon nanotubes and carbon nanotube-based composites, with a more detailed look at computational mechanics approaches, namely the finite element method. Special emphasis is placed on studies that consider the extent to which imperfections in the structure of the nanomaterials affect their mechanical properties. These defects may include random distribution of fibers in the composite structure, as well as atom vacancies, perturbation and doping in the structure of individual carbon nanotubes.
Book Synopsis Composites and Their Properties by : Ning Hu
Download or read book Composites and Their Properties written by Ning Hu and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-08-22 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Composites are a class of material, which receives much attention not only because it is on the cutting edge of active material research fields due to appearance of many new types of composites, e.g., nanocomposites and bio-medical composites, but also because there are a great deal of promises for their potential applications in various industries ranging from aerospace to construction due to their various outstanding properties. This book mainly deals with fabrication and property characterization of various composites by focusing on the following topics: functional and structural nanocomposites, numerical and theoretical modelling of various damages in long fiber reinforced composites and textile composites, design, processing and manufacturing technologies and their effects on mechanical properties of composites, characterization of mechanical and physical properties of various composites, and metal and ceramic matrix composites. This book has been divided into five sections to cover the above contents.
Book Synopsis Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube/polymer Composites Via Melt Compounding by : William Edward Dondero
Download or read book Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube/polymer Composites Via Melt Compounding written by William Edward Dondero and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: multi-wall carbon nanotube, polypropylene, nanocomposite, mechanical properties, morphology.
Book Synopsis Carbon Nanotube Based Composites by : Antonio Pantano
Download or read book Carbon Nanotube Based Composites written by Antonio Pantano and published by Smithers Rapra. This book was released on 2012-09-28 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have amazing properties and a key way to take advantage of this is by incorporating nanotubes into a matrix to build composite materials. The best candidates for this task are undoubtedly polymers. Almost every characteristic of a polymer can be significantly enhanced by adding carbon nanotubes and as a result, new potential applications of carbon nanotube enhanced polymer composites are discovered every day. However, before carbon nanotube enhanced polymer composites become commonplace there are some tough challenges that need to be overcome. This book reviews the status of worldwide research in both single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotube based composites. It serves as a practical guide on carbon nanotube based composites and a reference to students and researchers from the academia and industry.
Book Synopsis Carbon Nanotube Fibres and Yarns by : Menghe Miao
Download or read book Carbon Nanotube Fibres and Yarns written by Menghe Miao and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-09-14 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon Nanotube Fibres and Yarns for Smart Textiles: Production, Properties and Applications in Smart Textiles explains the relevance of carbon nanotube science and provides new insights on this emerging, high-performance textile material. Particular emphasis is placed on applications in smart textiles and wearable electronics applications, such as flexible sensors, actuators and energy sources. This collection examines the state-of-the-art in carbon nanotube (CNT) research, providing guidance for anyone who is exploring problems where CNTs may provide design solutions. Finally, the book addresses advances in yarn spinning methods, yarn structures and properties. Drawing on his experience in the textile industry, the book's editor presents academic research in a way that is comprehensible and useful to materials scientists and engineers in practice. Explains how carbon nanotube science can meet the challenging requirements of important and emerging smart textiles and wearable electronics applications Reviews and analyzes key developments on CNT yarn spinning methods, yarn structures and properties, and proposed applications Addresses the potential applications of CNT yarns and nanocomposite fibers
Download or read book Carbon Nanotubes written by Andy Nieto and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-05-18 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNT) three decades ago ushered in the technological era of nanotechnology. Among the most widely studied areas of CNT research is their use as structural reinforcements in composites. This book describes the development of CNT reinforced metal matrix composites (CNT-MMCs) over the last two decades. The field of CNT-MMCs is abundant in fundamental science, rich in engineering challenges and innovations and ripe for technological maturation and commercialization. The authors have sought to present the current state of the-art in CNT-MMC technology from their synthesis to their myriad potential end-use applications. Specifically, topics explored include: • Advantages, limitations, and evolution of processing techniques used to synthesize and fabricate CNT-MMCs • Emphasizes dispersion techniques of CNTs in metallic systems, a key challenge to the successful and widespread implementation of CNT-MMCs. Methods for quantification and improved control of CNT distributions are presented • Methods for quantification and improved control of CNT distributions are presented • Characterization techniques uniquely suited for charactering these nanoscale materials and their many chemical and physical interactions with the metal matrix, including real-time in-situ characterization of deformation mechanisms • Electron microscope images from premier studies enrich discussions on micro-mechanical modeling, interfacial design, mechanical behavior, and functional properties • A chapter is dedicated to the emergence of dual reinforcement composites that seek to enhance the efficacy of CNTs and lead to material properties by design This book highlights seminal findings in CNT-MMC research and includes several tables listing processing methods, associated CNT states, and resulting properties in order to aid the next generation of researchers in advancing the science and engineering of CNT-MMCs. In addition, a survey of the patent literature is presented in order to shed light on what the first wave of CNT-MMC commercialization may look like and the challenges that will have to be overcome, both technologically and commercially.
Book Synopsis Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Carbon Nanotubes Polymeric Composites by : Umar Khan
Download or read book Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Carbon Nanotubes Polymeric Composites written by Umar Khan and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Light Scattering Characterization of Carbon Nanotube Dispersions and Reinforcement of Polymer Composites by : Jian Zhao
Download or read book Light Scattering Characterization of Carbon Nanotube Dispersions and Reinforcement of Polymer Composites written by Jian Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dispersion and morphology of carbon nanotubes as well as enhancement for rubber reinforcement are studied. Several approaches including surfactant aids, functionalization and plasma treatment are used to assist dispersion. Several characterization methods are used to assess both the degree of dispersion and the level of reinforcement. Small angle light scattering is carried out as a primary tool to assess structure and dispersion of nanotubes treated through these approaches Stress-strain measurement and dynamic mechanical analysis are performed on elastomeric composites to study polymer reinforcement. These results are divided into five sections. The first section focuses on dispersion of untreated and acid-treated multi-walled carbon nanofibers (MWNF) suspended in water. Light scattering data provide the first insights into the mechanism by which surface treatment promotes dispersion. Both acid-treated and untreated nanofibers exhibit hierarchical morphology consisting of small-scale aggregates (bundles) that agglomerate to form fractal clusters that eventually precipitate. Although the morphology of the aggregates and agglomerates is nearly independent of surface treatment, their time evolution is quite different. Acid oxidation has little effect on bundle morphology. Rather acid treatment inhibits agglomeration of the bundles. The second section focuses on dispersion of the solubilized nanofibers. Light scattering data indicate that PEG-functionalized sample is dispersed at small rod-like bundle (side-by-side aggregate) level. Solubilization is achieved not by disrupting small-scale size-by-side bundles, but mainly by completely inhibiting large-scale agglomeration. The third section focuses on dispersion of plasma-treated carbon nanofibers. Comparison of untreated and plasma-treated nanofibers indicates that plasma treatment facilitates dispersion of nanofibers. The fourth section focuses on dispersion and structure of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and multi-walled nanofibers (MWNFs) suspended with surfactants. Disordered fractal network of "ropes" is observed for SWNTs whereas the MWNFs show rod-like character on large length scales. Sonication can produce either better dispersion or aggregation depending on the surfactants. The fifth section focuses on rubber reinforcement by MWNFs. The nanofiber-polyurethane composites show large Payne and Mullins effects. By adding various concentrations of nanofibers, both Young's modulus and the load at high strain increased. A carbon-black filled analogue shows much less enhancement.
Book Synopsis Carbon Nanotubes on Carbon Fibers by : Qiuhong Zhang
Download or read book Carbon Nanotubes on Carbon Fibers written by Qiuhong Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interface between carbon fibers (CFs) and the resin matrix in traditional high performance composites is characterized by a large discontinuity in mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties which can cause inefficient energy transfer. Due to the exceptional properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), their growth at the surface of carbon fibers is a promising approach to controlling interfacial interactions and achieving the enhanced bulk properties. However, the reactive conditions used to grow carbon nanotubes also have the potential to introduce defects that can degrade the mechanical properties of the carbon fiber (CF) substrate. In this study, using thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, high density multi-wall carbon nanotubes have been successfully synthesized directly on PAN-based CF surface without significantly compromising tensile properties. The influence of CVD growth conditions on the single CF tensile properties and carbon nanotube (CNT) morphology was investigated. The experimental results revealed that under high temperature growth conditions, the tensile strength of CF was greatly decreased at the beginning of CNT growth process with the largest decrease observed for sized CFs. However, the tensile strength of unsized CFs with CNT was approximately the same as the initial CF at lower growth temperature. The interfacial shear strength of CNT coated CF (CNT/CF) in epoxy was studied by means of the single-fiber fragmentation test. Results of the test indicate an improvement in interfacial shear strength with the addition of a CNT coating. This improvement can most likely be attributed to an increase in the interphase yield strength as well as an improvement in interfacial adhesion due to the presence of the nanotubes. CNT/CF also offers promise as stress and strain sensors in CF reinforced composite materials. This study investigates fundamental mechanical and electrical properties of CNT/CF using nanoindentation method by designed localized transverse compression at low loads (uN to mN) and small displacements (nm to a few um). Force, strain, stiffness, and electrical resistance were monitored simultaneously during compression experiments. The results showed that CNT/CF possess a high sensing capability between force and resistance. Hysteresis in both force-displacement and resistance-displacement curves was observed with CNT/CF, but was more evident as maximum strain increased and did not depend on strain rate. Force was higher and resistance was lower during compression as compared to decompression. A model is proposed to explain hysteresis where van der Waals forces between deformed and entangled nanotubes hinder decompression of some of the compressed tubes that are in contact with each other. This study provides a new understanding of the mechanical and electrical behavior of CNT/CF that will facilitate usage as stress and strain sensors in both stand-alone and composite materials applications. A novel method for in situ observation of nano-micro scale CNT/CF mechanical behavior by SEM has been developed in this study. The results indicated that deformation of vertical aligned CNT (VACNT) forest followed a column-like bending mechanism under localized radial (axial) compression. No fracture was observed even at very high compression strain on a VACNT forest. In order to fully understand CNT forest properties, the viscous creep behavior of VACNT arrays grown on flat Si substrate has also been characterized using a nanoindentation method. Resulting creep response was observed to consist of a short transient stage and a steady state stage in which the rate of displacement was constant. The strain rate sensitivity depended on the density of the nanotube arrays, but it was independent of the ramping (compression) rate of the indenter.
Book Synopsis Dispersion and Morphology of Carbon Nanotubes by :
Download or read book Dispersion and Morphology of Carbon Nanotubes written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dispersion and morphology of carbon nanotubes as well as enhancement for rubber reinforcement are studied. A number of characterization methods are used to assess both the degree of dispersion and the level of reinforcement. Small angle scattering (ultra small angle x-ray scattering, small-angle x-ray scattering and light scattering) is carried out to assess structure and dispersion of nanotubes suspended in polyelectrolytes. Transmission electron microscopy and light microscopy are used to assist the investigation. Stress-strain measurement and dynamic mechanical analysis are performed on elastomeric composites to study polymer reinforcement and filler-filler networking. Ultra small angle x-ray scattering is used to study the morphology of pristine and polyelectrolyte-coated multi-walled carbon nanofiber-reinforced polyurethane composites.
Book Synopsis A Molecular Dynamics Study of Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube Polymer Composites and Graphene Nanoplatelet Polymer Composites by : Suchitra Reddy Yerramaddu
Download or read book A Molecular Dynamics Study of Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube Polymer Composites and Graphene Nanoplatelet Polymer Composites written by Suchitra Reddy Yerramaddu and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterization of Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Polymer Composites Using Molecular Simulations by : Burcu Ekşioğlu
Download or read book Characterization of Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Polymer Composites Using Molecular Simulations written by Burcu Ekşioğlu and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterization of the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube-based Composites Using the Finite Element Method by :
Download or read book Characterization of the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube-based Composites Using the Finite Element Method written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are being used extensively as reinforcing materials at nanoscale in developing new nanocomposites, because of their excellent mechanical properties. Incorporating CNTs in polymer matrices can potentially enhance the stiffness and strength of composites significantly when compared to those reinforced with conventional carbon fibers. However, retaining these outstanding properties at macro-scale poses a considerable challenge. To discover the ways for achieving this entails extensive experimental and simulation studies. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been proved to be an excellent approach in characterizing nanocomposites. Nevertheless, MD is limited to nanoscale due to its extra-ordinary computational costs, which promoted the development and usage of alternate approaches for characterizing CNT reinforced composites at microscale. In this research one of these alternative approaches, the continuum mechanics approach using the finite element method, is employed to estimate the effective modulus of CNT reinforced composites and was successfully validated using other analytical (rule of mixtures) and MD methods. Large-scale models were developed, simulating CNTs using pipe elements for the first time. Results from these models reveal that there exists a limiting value for the length of long CNT, for effective load transfer. It was also observed that composites reinforced with long CNTs yield very high effective modulus compared to those with short CNTs. These results are found to be in good agreement with those obtained using MD and multi-scale constitutive modeling approaches.
