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Measuring The Efficiency Of Resource Use In Indian Manufacturing Industries In Pre And Post Reform Periods
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Book Synopsis Measuring the Efficiency of Resource Use in Indian Manufacturing Industries in Pre and Post-Reform Periods by : Meenu Saihjpal
Download or read book Measuring the Efficiency of Resource Use in Indian Manufacturing Industries in Pre and Post-Reform Periods written by Meenu Saihjpal and published by Anchor Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2016-03-09 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economists have come to believe that using resources efficiently can lead to differences in the growth rates of economies. Efficient use of resources is known to improve the standard of living of the people thereby increasing their welfare. However, initially ‘capital’ and later on ‘labour’ attracted the attention of the economists. The need for the efficient use of resources was only recognized as an important determinant in the growth of economies in the fifties. Economists believe that the developing countries in particular need to concentrate on improving the efficiency of their use of resources, since these economies have an increasing number of people to feed and proportionally little resources at their disposal. Whenever there is talk of efficiency regarding the use of resources it means that all the resources that are used in the process of production should be used efficiently. These resources are: capital, labour, raw materials, power, fuel and the skills of the entrepreneur. Efficiency is reflected in the unit or average cost of production and in the quality of goods. Before the introduction of the reforms, the Indian industrial sector was characterized by numerous controls, which restricted internal as well as external competition. However, after the reforms such controls were loosened and it is now simply expected that the Indian industrial sector uses its resources efficiently. The present study examines whether there have been significant reductions in the components of the average variable cost in the post-reform period as compared to the pre-reform period. Furthermore, it analyses whether there has been any noticeable increase in advertising expenditure of the firms in the post-reform period.
Book Synopsis Productivity in Indian Manufacturing by : Vinish Kathuria
Download or read book Productivity in Indian Manufacturing written by Vinish Kathuria and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-09-25 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume comprehensively captures trends in productivity and its determinants in the post-reform period for Indian manufacturing. It provides an up-to-date survey of different methods employed in measuring productivity and their applications across organized and unorganized sectors, including food, beverages, furniture, gems, chemicals, petroleum and rubber, metals and minerals, paper products, publishing, textiles, etc. The essays examine the uneven impact of economic reforms and growth on the performance of the manufacturing sector. This will be especially useful to students and scholars of economics, business and management, policymakers and governmental agencies, particularly those interested in Indian economy and manufacturing.
Book Synopsis Indian Manufacturing Sector in Post-Reform Period by : Sumit Kumar Maji
Download or read book Indian Manufacturing Sector in Post-Reform Period written by Sumit Kumar Maji and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-01 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book outlines the importance of Indian manufacturing sector and its growth under alternative policy regimes. The authors highlight the significance of various firm-specific and macroeconomic factors on the level of efficiency and profitability of the firms operating in the diverse manufacturing sector during the post-liberalization era. The book also examines the dynamic relationship between the select manufacturing sector-specific stock market indices and the various macroeconomic variables.
Book Synopsis Liberalization, Productivity, and Competition by : Vivek Srivastava
Download or read book Liberalization, Productivity, and Competition written by Vivek Srivastava and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1996 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The empirical evidence linking economic reform in developing countries with gains in productivity and efficiency is both limited and inconclusive. Using large firm-level data collected by the Reserve Bank of India, this book examines the impact of reform on productivity and competition for the Indian manufacturing sector in the eighties. Relying on econometric estimates of pre- and post-reform productivity growth, the study finds evidence of significantly higher productivity growth rates after the mid-eighties both at the aggregate and two-digit sector levels. The author seeks corroborating evidence by developing a framework that enables him to simultaneously estimate economies of scale, a measure of optimal labour utilization and the mark-up of price over marginal cost as an indicator of competitiveness. Though he finds evidence of better labour utilization, there is no indication of reduced market power or any significant departure from constant returns to scale in the post-reform period. He concludes that even the limited reforms of the eighties led to productivity gains which were achieved largely through better resource use.
Book Synopsis Trends of Productivity in Indian Manufacturing Industry by : Prerna Sanwlani
Download or read book Trends of Productivity in Indian Manufacturing Industry written by Prerna Sanwlani and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-06 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting in the late 1970s, the Indian authorities implemented a series of reforms aimed at exposing the economy to greater competition and at liberalizing key aspects of economic activity. This paper compares productivity trends in Indian Manufacturing sector, pre and post reforms years. Using the data from Annual Survey of Industries, the entire study period (1973-74 to 2004-05) is divided into two sub-periods: pre-reform period, i.e. 1973-74 to 1990-91, and post-reform period, i.e. 1991-92 to 2004-05. Using the Malmquist Productivity Index to measure Total factor Productivity growth in Indian Manufacturing, the results show that liberalization has had a negative impact on the productivity of the Indian Manufacturing sector at aggregate as well as disaggregate level.
Book Synopsis Economic Reforms and Total Factor Productivity Growth of Indian Manufacturing by : Arnab K. Deb
Download or read book Economic Reforms and Total Factor Productivity Growth of Indian Manufacturing written by Arnab K. Deb and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Productivity and Technical Change in Indian Manufacturing Sector by : Fulwinder Pal Singh
Download or read book Productivity and Technical Change in Indian Manufacturing Sector written by Fulwinder Pal Singh and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-05 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most pressing need for rapid industrialisation of developing countries is to achieve the basic objectives of their economic and social progress. Therefore, industrialisation plays a crucial role in the process of economic development of developing economies.The present book analyses production structure, technical efficiency and Total Factor Productivity (TFP) growth in Indian manufacturing sector during pre and post reform period. Indian manufacturing sector will play a more dynamic role for sustainable development in the years to come through effective implementation of modernization and technology upgradation, better industrial infrastructural facilities, cost effectiveness, encouragement of public and private investment in research and development etc. Also the competitiveness of Indian manufacturing sector can be improved by increasing its productivity and technical efficiency so that this sector acts as a catalyst of socially inclusive and regionally balanced growth in the reformed era.
Book Synopsis The Economics of Sustainable Development by : Surender Kumar
Download or read book The Economics of Sustainable Development written by Surender Kumar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-10 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights methodological approaches for the economics of sustainable development and brings together recent empirical work done in India, especially by Dr. Surender Kumar and Dr. Shunsuke Managi. Various chapters in this book use Indian data to show the very wide applicability of methodologies in the theory of production for dealing with many empirical issues of environmentally sustainable development in a developing country. I congratulate the authors for the time and effort devoted to compiling this very useful reference on the subject and the publishers for publishing this volume. The methodologies of cost functions, distance functions, and production fu- tions have been used in many recent studies and in the studies reported in this book for environmental valuation. Environmental valuation is required for designing policy instruments like pollution taxes for sustainable development and for meas- ing green GDP. The UN methodology of integrated environmental and economic accounting provides ways of measuring the cost of maintaining environmental resources at sustainable levels or the maintenance cost for estimating green GDP. Some of the chapters in this book show that the methodology of distance functions could be used for estimating the cost of environmentally sustainable development.
Book Synopsis Growth, Efficiency & Productivity of Indian Manufacturing Industries by : Paramita Roy Biswas
Download or read book Growth, Efficiency & Productivity of Indian Manufacturing Industries written by Paramita Roy Biswas and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-06 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considering disaggregated data on Indian manufacturing at two- & three-digit levels, provided by Annual Survey of Industries during 1970-71 to 2001-02, a performance related overview is constructed to observe whether the feat of Indian industries has generated sufficient growth potential in terms of industrial output. A dummy-variable approach is adopted here. The study also focuses on the effects of trade-liberalization policies on output growth process by estimating break points & examining its occurrence & persistence level in pre- or post-liberalization era by employing unit-root hypothesis. For analyzing cost-competitiveness of an industry, measurement of technical efficiency is done by employing Stochastic Frontier Production function approach & extent of total factor productivity growth is examined by non-parametric approach of Data Envelopment Analysis. Inter-industrial variation is observed regarding the explanatory factors responsible for movements of technical efficiency & total factor productivity growth of different industries. The policy prescriptions should focus on the specific broad objectives: whether to endorse efficiency or productivity of a particular industry.
Book Synopsis Productivity in Indian Manufacturing by : Vinish Kathuria
Download or read book Productivity in Indian Manufacturing written by Vinish Kathuria and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-09-25 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume comprehensively captures trends in productivity and its determinants in the post-reform period for Indian manufacturing. It provides an up-to-date survey of different methods employed in measuring productivity and their applications across organized and unorganized sectors, including food, beverages, furniture, gems, chemicals, petroleum and rubber, metals and minerals, paper products, publishing, textiles, etc. The essays examine the uneven impact of economic reforms and growth on the performance of the manufacturing sector. This will be especially useful to students and scholars of economics, business and management, policymakers and governmental agencies, particularly those interested in Indian economy and manufacturing.
Book Synopsis Performance of Indian Manufacturing in the Post Reform Period by : Poonam Gupta
Download or read book Performance of Indian Manufacturing in the Post Reform Period written by Poonam Gupta and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many emerging countries in recent decades have relied on a development strategy that focused primarily on promoting the manufacturing sector and the exports of manufactured goods. However, an acceleration of growth of output and employment in manufacturing has eluded India. This is despite the fact that the central focus of the reforms in the 1980s and 1990s was to unshackle the manufacturing sector. Instead it is the services sector which has grown rapidly, contributing about two-third of GDP growth in recent years. This paper discusses the reasons behind the modest performance of the manufacturing sector in India post reforms. It argues that there are many factors that have inhibited the growth of industrial sector in India. One major factor is the rigid and strict labor laws which have affected the industrial performance in a number of ways, by keeping the size of the establishments small, by not encouraging the production of labor intensive goods, by pushing activities to the unorganized sector, and by keeping the Indian industry uncompetitive. Besides the labor laws other factors that are responsible for the modest performance of the manufacturing sector include difficulty in the acquisition of land for industrial use, inadequate financing and infrastructure, and cumbersome business climate. The paper presents arguments and evidence which shows the importance of these factors.
Book Synopsis Productivity in Public, Joint and Private Sectors of Indian Industry by : Suresh Chand Aggarwal
Download or read book Productivity in Public, Joint and Private Sectors of Indian Industry written by Suresh Chand Aggarwal and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Performance of industrial sector has always assumed importance for achieving fast economic development in India. Its performance has been scrutiny since mid 1980 but the major change in industrial policy in 1991 has made the evaluation of public sector an important policy matter. The present paper compares the performance of public sector with joint and private sector of the Indian industry with the help of different methods, including TFP and production function for the pre and post reform period. It finds that public sector has done quite remarkably if we analyse the growth in TFP and technological progress.
Book Synopsis An Evaluation study on Production, Productivity and Industrial Relations in Lanco Industry at Srikalahasti of Chittoor District by : Dr. S. Khootizal kubara
Download or read book An Evaluation study on Production, Productivity and Industrial Relations in Lanco Industry at Srikalahasti of Chittoor District written by Dr. S. Khootizal kubara and published by Ashok Yakkaldevi. This book was released on 2021-01-04 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1.1 Production: Cost of production is the deciding factor for supply which depends upon prices of raw materials and its physical relation between input and output. It is the physical relation between input and output which determines the cost of production. Production represents functional relationship between quantities of inputs and amount of output produced. Production is an economic activity. Production is used for an activity of making some material. In economics, production is used in a wider sense. 1.2 Importance of Production: Price theory plays an important role in the theory of production. This provides a base for analysis of relationship between costs and amounts of output. Cost along with demand and supply of a product determine the price of a product. Cost of production is determined by the prices of inputs of production and thereby the price of product. Secondly, the basis of theory of firm demand for factors of production is theory of production. The theory of production plays a pivotal role in theory of firm. The theory of firm deals with the level of output whichwill produce in turn the maximum profits. The firm’s marginal and average costs of production decide the profits maximizing output besides the demand conditions. In addition to the prices of inputs, the changes in marginal and average costs of production as a result of increase in output are determined by the physical relationship between inputs and output.
Book Synopsis Organized Versus Unorganized Manufacturing Performance in India in the Post-Reform Period by : Vinish Kathuria
Download or read book Organized Versus Unorganized Manufacturing Performance in India in the Post-Reform Period written by Vinish Kathuria and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyses the productivity performance of the Indian manufacturing sector using unit level data, which is aggregated at four-digit industry level for the period 1994-95 to 2004-05 for 15 major states. The study focuses on both the organized and unorganized segments of the manufacturing sector. Both partial and total factor productivity (TFP) measures have been employed to trace the productivity performance of formal and informal manufacturing sector. TFP is estimated using Cobb-Douglas production functions at the four-digit industry level. The estimation is carried out by employing the Levinsohn-Petrin method, which uses intermediate inputs as the proxy to address the potential simultaneity bias in production function estimations. Our analysis reveals that labour productivity has increased for the organized sector over time whereas both labour productivity and capital intensity growth have slowed down in the unorganized sector during the 2000-01 to 2004-05 period. The production function analysis shows that capital has played a more significant role in the production process in both the sectors. TFP growth accelerated in the organized manufacturing sector during 2001-05 over 1995-2001 while the TFP decline that started in the first period (1995-2001) continued unabated even in the second period (2001-2005) in the unorganized manufacturing sector. We also find that output growth in both the sectors is productivity driven and not input driven. The improvement in TFPG of organized manufacturing in the post-2000 period as compared to the second half the 1990s across most states in India and that output growth was mostly productivity driven are important positive features of manufacturing performance in the post-reform period. However, the declining total factor productivity on one hand and increasing capital intensity of the unorganized sector is a cause of worry and raises several important questions.
Book Synopsis Impact Of Reforms On Productivity Of Indian Manufacturing Sector by : Irfana Samdani
Download or read book Impact Of Reforms On Productivity Of Indian Manufacturing Sector written by Irfana Samdani and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper analyze the trend of industrial indicator like number of factory, number of persons engaged, total emoluments, net fixed capital, gross output, and gross value added. It is also analyzed the labour productivity, capital productivity and total factor productivity of manufacturing sector in India. The Parametric method is used to analyze the data. The techniques like partial productivity index, Tran slog index of TFP and exponential growth rate were used. The objective of the research paper is to analyze the productivity of manufacturing sector in India during the pre an post reform period.
Book Synopsis Liberalization and Economic Performance of the Informal Sector by : Indrajit Bairagya
Download or read book Liberalization and Economic Performance of the Informal Sector written by Indrajit Bairagya and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-10-03 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Impact of liberalization on informality has been a subject of intense debate for many years and the major issue that has come up is whether liberalization helps to grow informal sector and informality in the economy or it is an obstruction for informal sector’s growth. Thus, in the light of the recent liberalization measure, this book sets to examine general presumptions of the development of informal sector in the context of the Indian economy. The book begins with a broad framework for analysis of output contribution and growth of the informal sector. Liberalization is measured by openness indices and inter-sectoral linkages. Impact of liberalization on growth contributions of informal sector is captured by openness indices (i.e. degree of openness to trade and principal component scores), technical efficiency (measured by Data Envelope Analysis and estimated by Tobit Censored Regression model) and components of productivity (computed by Malmquist total factor productivity index) of the informal enterprises by inter-sectoral linkages. The linkages are modeled theoretically in a neo-classical growth theory and empirically measured by sub-contracting arrangements between formal and informal enterprises. In addition, the book also provides implications on promotion of informal sector from the viewpoint of employment generation. The description and analyses of the book will help with policy implications and enlighten the readers on the development of informal sector.
Book Synopsis Performance of Manufacturing Industries in India During Reform Period by : Mahesha M
Download or read book Performance of Manufacturing Industries in India During Reform Period written by Mahesha M and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-09 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last two decades, the macro-economic policy environment in India has undergone a substantial change. These policy changes especially those relating to the liberalization of trade and industry and new initiatives to integrate the Indian economy with the global economy have certainly influenced on the competitive performance of Indian industries. In this direction it is essential to measure the impact of above stated policy changes on Indian industries by classifying into capital and labour intensive industries. Because, the effect of economic reforms on capital and labour intensive industries are not similar due to heterogeneous characteristics of these industries. Hence the author make a modest attempt to compare the performance of capital and labour intensive industries in terms of three key indicators of industrial performance, namely, productivity, export and employment generation. The first two factors are important for an industry to compete in international market and last indicator is so essential in the context of labour abundance and acute unemployment problem in India.
