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Measurements Of Upsilon Meson Suppression In Heavy Ion Collisions With The Cms Experiment At The Lhc
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Book Synopsis Measurements of Upsilon Meson Suppression in Heavy Ion Collisions with the CMS Experiment at the LHC by : Nicolas Filipovic
Download or read book Measurements of Upsilon Meson Suppression in Heavy Ion Collisions with the CMS Experiment at the LHC written by Nicolas Filipovic and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurements of Upsilon suppression in ultrarelativistic heavy ioncollisions are key to understanding the hot and deconfined phase ofmatter called Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). The cross section of Upsilonstates Y(nS) are measured in proton-proton collisions and in lead-leadcollisions at the centre-of-mass energy of 2.76 TeV per nucleonpair. Individual states are measured through their dimuon decaychannel using the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) at CERN. The crosssections measured in pp and PbPb are compared thanks to the nuclearmodification factor, R_{AA}. This observable is computed forUpsilon(1S) and Upsilon(2S) in several bins of transverse momentum,rapidity and centrality of the collision. An upper limit on theproduction of Upsilon(3S) in PbPb is estimated. These measurementsexhibit a clear and ordered suppression pattern, consistent with thehypothesis of sequential melting of quarkonia in the QGP. The measuredUpsilon(1S) and Upsilon(2S) suppressions are observed to beindependent of transverse momentum and rapidity. Comparisons withavailable phenomenological models are presented, however fail toreproduce the full set of observations. This novel measurement thusprovides new constraints on the modeling of heavy quark deconfinement.
Book Synopsis Study of High Transverse Momentum Charged Particle Suppression in Heavy Ion Collisions at LHC by : Andre Sungho Yoon
Download or read book Study of High Transverse Momentum Charged Particle Suppression in Heavy Ion Collisions at LHC written by Andre Sungho Yoon and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The charged particle spectrum at large transverse momentum (PT), dominated by hadrons originating from parton fragmentation, is an important observable for studying the properties of the hot, dense medium produced in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. The study of the modifications of the PT spectrum in PbPb compared to pp collisions at the same collision energy can shed light on the detailed mechanism by which hard partons lose energy traversing the medium. In this thesis, the transverse momentum spectra of charged particles in pp and PbPb collisions at [square root of]Snn = 2.76 TeV measured up to PT = 100 GeV/c with the CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are presented. In the transverse momentum range PT = 5-10 GeV/c, the charged particle yield in the most central PbPb collisions is suppressed by up to a factor of 7 compared to the pp yield scaled by the number of incoherent nucleon-nucleon collisions. At higher PT, this suppression is significantly reduced, approaching roughly a factor of 2 for particles with PT in the range PT = 40-100 GeV/c. A simple modeling of the parton energy loss applied to the PYTHIA Monte-Carlo (MC) reveals that the charged particle spectrum with the pQCD-motivated fractional parton energy loss can describes the shape of the measured suppression well in the range PT = 5-100 GeV/c.
Book Synopsis Measurement of Z Boson Production in Heavy-ion Collisions with the CMS Detector at the LHC by : Zsigmond Anna Júlia
Download or read book Measurement of Z Boson Production in Heavy-ion Collisions with the CMS Detector at the LHC written by Zsigmond Anna Júlia and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Strange and Non-Strange D-meson Production in pp, p-Pb, and Pb-Pb Collisions with ALICE at the LHC by : Fabrizio Grosa
Download or read book Strange and Non-Strange D-meson Production in pp, p-Pb, and Pb-Pb Collisions with ALICE at the LHC written by Fabrizio Grosa and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-17 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis provides a comprehensive view of the physics of charmed hadrons in high-energy proton-proton and heavy-ion collisions. Given their large masses, charm quarks are produced in the early stage of a heavy-ion collision and they subsequently experience the full system evolution probing the colour-deconfined medium called quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created in such collisions. In this thesis, the mechanisms of charm-quark in-medium energy loss and hadronisation are discussed via the measurements of the production of charm mesons with (Ds+) and without (D+) strange-quark content in different colliding systems, using data collected by the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC. The participation of the charm quark and its possible thermalisation in the QGP are studied via measurements of azimuthal anisotropies in the production of D+ mesons. Finally, the prospects for future measurements with the upgraded ALICE experimental apparatus and with more refined machine learning techniques are presented.
Book Synopsis Study of the Inclusive Beauty Production at CMS and Construction and Commissioning of the CMS Pixel Barrel Detector by : Lea Caminada
Download or read book Study of the Inclusive Beauty Production at CMS and Construction and Commissioning of the CMS Pixel Barrel Detector written by Lea Caminada and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-23 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes one of the first measurements at the CERN LHC -- the world's largest and highest-energy particle collider. The CMS collision data is analyzed, and results in the first measurement of the inclusive b cross section using semileptonic decays at a center of mass energy of 7 TeV.
Book Synopsis Characterization of Jets in Heavy Ion Collisions Using Photons at the LHC with the CMS Detector by : Richard Alexander Barbieri
Download or read book Characterization of Jets in Heavy Ion Collisions Using Photons at the LHC with the CMS Detector written by Richard Alexander Barbieri and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using the CMS detector at the LHC, a quantitative study of jet energy loss and angular deflection inside the high energy-density medium formed in PbPb collisions is made. Photons are used to measure the initial state of a color-charged probe while jet reconstruction is used to measure the final state. Significant loss of energy to the medium as a function of initial parton momentum is observed, while no significant angular deflection is found.
Book Synopsis Measurements of Production and Decay Properties of Bs Mesons Decaying Into J/psi Phi with the CMS Detector at the LHC by : Giordano Cerizza
Download or read book Measurements of Production and Decay Properties of Bs Mesons Decaying Into J/psi Phi with the CMS Detector at the LHC written by Giordano Cerizza and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The production of hadrons containing b-quarks has been measured in proton anti-proton collisions up to center-of-mass energies of 1:96 TeV at the Tevatron. Information at lower energy is provided by electron-positron collision experiments. The underlying theory of hadronic interactions is tuned to those data but cannot reliably predict reaction rates from first principles for higher energies. Therefore, it is important to test the extrapolations and optimize model parameters for the new energy regime at the LHC. The b-hadrons from proton-proton collisions are a major source of background in searches for the Higgs boson and other heavy not-yet-discovered particles. Hence, it is important to quantify their presence in different reactions for the main research program at the LHC. The measurement of the Bs-meson production cross section presented in this dissertation complements the measurements for the B+ and the Bd mesons. The outcome is compared to different models for quark production and hadronization. The three CMS measurement of B-meson production cross sections are used to calculate the Bs to J/psi phi branching fraction. The measurement of the time-dependent decay rate of Bs mesons probes the weak interaction and includes the possibility to observe sizable particle anti-particle asymmetries caused by heavy particles and new forces between them that are not predicted by the Standard Model. In this dissertation the lifetime, lifetime difference, and CP-composition in the decay Bs to J/psi phi have been extracted with a Maximum Likelihood fit. The J/psi meson decays into two muons, while the phi meson into two charged kaons. The results are presented for the data recorded during the year 2010 with the Compact Muon Solenoid. It is a general-purpose particle detector centered at one of the interaction points of the Large Hadron Collider, a proton-proton collider located at the particle physics laboratory CERN in Geneva (Switzerland). It is designed to explore a wide range of physics in proton-proton collisions. The investigations presented here assess and benchmark the performance of a variety of detector components including track and muon reconstruction. For reconstruction of long-lived particles, such as the b-hadrons, the silicon pixel detector provides the most signicant information.
Book Synopsis Analysis of the Ultra-peripheral Events in Heavy-ion Collisions in the CMS Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider by : Marek Walczak (fizyka)
Download or read book Analysis of the Ultra-peripheral Events in Heavy-ion Collisions in the CMS Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider written by Marek Walczak (fizyka) and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dotyczy: nuclear parton distribution functions, photoproduction, QCD, heavy-ion collisions, CMS, ultra-peripheral collisions, jądrowe rozkłady partonów, fotoprodukcja, QCD, zderzenie ciężkich jonów, CMS, zderzenia ultraperyferyczne.
Book Synopsis Measurement of [phi] Meson Production in Cu+Cu Collisions at 200 GeV Using the PHOBOS Detector at RHIC by : Siarhei S. Vaurynovich
Download or read book Measurement of [phi] Meson Production in Cu+Cu Collisions at 200 GeV Using the PHOBOS Detector at RHIC written by Siarhei S. Vaurynovich and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Strong enhancement of production of strange particles, and in particular of [phi] mesons, in heavy ion collisions of sufficiently high energies has been predicted to be an indication of a formation of a new state of matter, composed of deconfined quarks and gluons and having a property of chiral symmetry, called Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP). Studying production of [phi] mesons is of special interest due to their small cross-section of interaction with non-strange hadrons and due to their long lifetime, which should allow [phi] mesons to decouple from the strongly interacting medium produced in heavy ion collisions early in time and to escape the medium before decaying, thereby preserving information about the conditions in which the mesons were produced. In addition, the decay properties of [phi] mesons have been predicted to be modified in a hadronic gas medium. The [phi] -> K+K~ decay is of particular interest since the mass of a [phi] meson in vacuum is very close to the mass of two charged kaons, and consequently, even a small change in the mass or the width of [phi] mesons or in the mass of kaons would have a strong effect on the decay properties. Measurement of [phi] meson production using the PHOBOS detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) has proven to be especially challenging due to a small acceptance of the PHOBOS spectrometer and due to a much lower than predicted yield of [phi] mesons in heavy ion collisions at the highest RHIC energy. The measurement required a development of a new tracking algorithm, specifically tailored to reconstruct charged kaons with a high efficiency in a high hit density environment, keeping at the same time the necessary computing time within feasible limits. Results of a measurement of [phi] meson invariant yield in the rapidity interval 0 y
Book Synopsis Measurements of Phi Meson Production in Relativistic Heavy-ion Collisions at RHIC. by :
Download or read book Measurements of Phi Meson Production in Relativistic Heavy-ion Collisions at RHIC. written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Electron Reconstruction in Simulated Pb+Pb Events in CMS by : Yi Chen (S.B.)
Download or read book Electron Reconstruction in Simulated Pb+Pb Events in CMS written by Yi Chen (S.B.) and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) located at Geneva, Switzerland, will be the biggest particle accelerator in the world. There are a number of detectors on the LHC ring. The LHCb detector is aimed to study bottom quark physics, which will allow a measurement of the parameters of CP violation in bottom quark productions. The ALICE experiment is specialized in Pb+Pb heavy ion collisions. The ATLAS [3] detector is a general purpose detector, and it will be conducting p+p collision experiments. In addition, the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) is currently being commissioned. It will start taking data from as early as late 2008. The detector will be excel in muon detection, but it is also a general purpose detector for p+p and Pb+Pb collsions. The CMS experiment opens up a new window into physics at a unprecedented energy. With the new energy range, a lot of exciting new physics can be examined. The search for the HIGGS boson, which arises from scalar field and is postulated to account for the mass of vector bosons, is one of the main goals of the experiment. The energy range of the LHC is well matched for either confirming its existence or ruling it out. The LHC experiments also want to research on super-symmetry, which potentially explains a lot of open questions for physics beyond the standard model. Although the CMS detector will devote most of its time running proton-proton collisions, one month of each year it will be running lead-lead collisions at center-of-mass energy of 5.5 TeV. Through heavy ion collisions more about the properties of the quark-gluon plasma can be studied, like the viscosity or opacity. In preparation for further studies to the lead-lead collisions, it is interesting to test the basic detector capabilities by studying basic particle reconstruction capabilities. Reconstruction of prompt photon in the heavy ion background has been studied by the MIT heavy ion group last summer, and it leads to the main goal of this thesis. Electrons are one of the main background of the photons, and certainly an important particle type that future studies might need. Inside the CMS detector there will be a roughly constant magnetic field 4.0 Tesla maintained by a superconducting magnet, which allows good measurement of the particle momentum. A slice of the detector is shown in Figure 1. The detector consists of several parts, from inside to outside there are silicon trackers, electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL), hadronic calorimeter (HCAL), and finally the muon chambers. The tracker is specialized of measuring the momentum of charged particles. The particles will leave a trace on the tracker as they fly through the detector. One important feature about the readout of the tracker is that the output is not binary. Instead, it has an multiple-bit ADC value which allows for better measurement of the direction and better identification of the particle that passes through the tracker. This makes the tracker good for heavy ion events. The electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeters measure energies of different types of particles. Particles such as electrons and photons will deposit most of its energy into the electromagnetic calorimeters, whereas hadrons dump most of their energy into the hadronic calorimeter. The measurement of missing energy in hadronic calorimeter also provides signature of new particles. This study will be focused on the reconstruction of electrons in heavy ion back ground. The reconstructed electrons are then used to show that the reconstruction of the invariant mass of Z0 boson in heavy ion background is possible. The expected number for various particles is listed in section 2. In section 3 the simulated samples used for the study. In the following two sections the reconstruction procedure and the reconstruction properties for electrons. In section 6 the background sources to electrons and the reconstruction of Zo are discussed. Last but not least, additional cuts used for Z0 reconstruction and the results are written in section 7.
Book Synopsis Cold Nuclear Matter Effects on J/psi and Upsilon Production at the LHC. by :
Download or read book Cold Nuclear Matter Effects on J/psi and Upsilon Production at the LHC. written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The charmonium yields are expected to be considerably suppressed if a deconfined medium is formed in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. In addition, the bottomonium states, with the possible exception of the [Upsilon](1S) state, are also expected to be suppressed in heavy-ion collisions. However, in proton-nucleus collisions the quarkonium production cross sections, even those of the [Upsilon](1S), scale less than linearly with the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions. These 'cold nuclear matter' effects need to be accounted for before signals of the high density QCD medium can be identified in the measurements made in nucleus-nucleus collisions. We identify two cold nuclear matter effects important for midrapidity quarkonium production: 'nuclear absorption', typically characterized as a final-state effect on the produced quarkonium state and shadowing, the modification of the parton densities in nuclei relative to the nucleon, an initial-state effect. We characterize these effects and study their energy and rapidity dependence.
Book Synopsis A Model for the Suppression of Upsilon Mesons in PbPb Collisions at LHC Energies by : Felix Nendzig
Download or read book A Model for the Suppression of Upsilon Mesons in PbPb Collisions at LHC Energies written by Felix Nendzig and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Transverse Energy Study of Heavy Ion Collisions in the CMS Detector by : Il Joong Kil
Download or read book Transverse Energy Study of Heavy Ion Collisions in the CMS Detector written by Il Joong Kil and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Multiparticle Azimuthal Correlation Measurements in Lead-lead and Proton-lead Collisions at LHC with the CMS Detector by : Shengquan Tuo
Download or read book Multiparticle Azimuthal Correlation Measurements in Lead-lead and Proton-lead Collisions at LHC with the CMS Detector written by Shengquan Tuo and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Flow of [phi] Mesons in Proton-lead Collisions at the Large Hadron Collider with the Compact Muon Solenoid Detector by : Mukund Madhav Varma
Download or read book Flow of [phi] Mesons in Proton-lead Collisions at the Large Hadron Collider with the Compact Muon Solenoid Detector written by Mukund Madhav Varma and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurements of two-particle angular correlations between unidentified charged particles and [phi]-mesons are shown over a wide pseudorapidity range ([delta] [eta] 2) in pPb collisions. The data, collected during 2013 pPb run at a nucleon-nucleon center-ofmass energy of 5.02 TeV with the CMS detector, corresponds to a total integrated luminosity of aproximately 35nb-1. [Phi]-mesons are reconstructed via their hadronic decay channel, [phi] -- K+K-, for high multiplicity events. The observed two-particle long range correlations are quantified by the second-order Fourier coefficients (v2) as a function of transverse momentum. The v2 of [phi]-mesons is compared to that of other identified particles, to study the mass ordering and quark number scaling effects in measurements of elliptic flow.
Book Synopsis Heavy Ion Collisions at the LHC - Last Call for Predictions by :
Download or read book Heavy Ion Collisions at the LHC - Last Call for Predictions written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In August 2006, the CERN Theory Unit announced to restructure its visitor program and to create a 'CERN Theory Institute', where 1-3 month long specific programs can take place. The first such Institute was held from 14 May to 10 June 2007, focusing on 'Heavy Ion Collisions at the LHC - Last Call for Predictions'. It brought together close to 100 scientists working on the theory of ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. The aim of this workshop was to review and document the status of expectations and predictions for the heavy ion program at the Large Hadron Collider LHC before its start. LHC will explore heavy ion collisions at (almost equal to) 30 times higher center of mass energy than explored previously at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider RHIC. So, on the one hand, the charge of this workshop provided a natural forum for the exchange of the most recent ideas, and allowed to monitor how the understanding of heavy ion collisions has evolved in recent years with the data from RHIC, and with the preparation of the LHC experimental program. On the other hand, the workshop aimed at a documentation which helps to distinguish pre- from post-dictions. An analogous documentation of the 'Last Call for Predictions' [1] was prepared prior to the start of the heavy-ion program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider RHIC, and it proved useful in the subsequent discussion and interpretation of RHIC data. The present write-up is the documentation of predictions for the LHC heavy ion program, received or presented during the CERN TH Institute. The set-up of the CERN TH Institute allowed us to aim for the wide-most coverage of predictions. There were more than 100 presentations and discussions during the workshop. Moreover, those unable to attend could still participate by submitting predictions in written form during the workshop. This followed the spirit that everybody interested in making a prediction had the right to be heard. To arrive at a concise document, we required that each prediction should be summarized on at most two pages, and that predictions should be presented, whenever possible, in figures which display measurable quantities. Full model descriptions were not accepted--the authors were encouraged to indicate the relevant references for the interested reader. Participants had the possibility to submit multiple contributions on different topics, but it was part of the subsequent editing process to ensure that predictions on neighboring topics were merged wherever possible. The contributions summarized here are organized in several sections, --though some of them contain material related with more than one section--roughly by going from low transverse momentum to high transverse momentum and from abundant to rare measurements. In the low transverse momentum regime, we start with predictions on multiplicity distributions, azimuthal asymmetries in particle production and hadronic flavor observables, followed by correlation and fluctuation measurements. The contributions on hard probes at the LHC start with predictions for single inclusive high transverse momentum spectra, and jets, followed by heavy quark and quarkonium measurements, leptonic probes and photons. A final section 'Others' encompasses those predictions which do not fall naturally within one of the above-mentioned categories, or discuss the more speculative phenomena that may be explored at the LHC.
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