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Measurement Uncertainty In Forensic Science
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Book Synopsis Measurement Uncertainty in Forensic Science by : Suzanne Bell
Download or read book Measurement Uncertainty in Forensic Science written by Suzanne Bell and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-12-08 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents an overview of quantitative measurements in forensic science Outlines a foundation of basic mathematical and statistical concepts using applied examples from forensic science Provides practitioners the tools required both to develop uncertainty estimations and to evaluate and improve existing ones Describes how to build uncertainty budgets and worksheets Suggests top-level practices and procedures for seized drug analysis, toxicology, breath and blood alcohol, and distance/length measurements Offers a wealth of free, and easily accessible, supplementary references and Web resource
Download or read book Forensic Metrology written by Ted Vosk and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-09-26 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forensic metrology is the application of scientific measurement to the investigation and prosecution of crime. Forensic measurements are relied upon to determine breath and blood alcohol and drug concentrations, weigh seized drugs, perform accident reconstruction, and for many other applications. Forensic metrology provides a basic framework for th
Book Synopsis The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence by : National Research Council
Download or read book The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-12-12 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1992 the National Research Council issued DNA Technology in Forensic Science, a book that documented the state of the art in this emerging field. Recently, this volume was brought to worldwide attention in the murder trial of celebrity O. J. Simpson. The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence reports on developments in population genetics and statistics since the original volume was published. The committee comments on statements in the original book that proved controversial or that have been misapplied in the courts. This volume offers recommendations for handling DNA samples, performing calculations, and other aspects of using DNA as a forensic toolâ€"modifying some recommendations presented in the 1992 volume. The update addresses two major areas: Determination of DNA profiles. The committee considers how laboratory errors (particularly false matches) can arise, how errors might be reduced, and how to take into account the fact that the error rate can never be reduced to zero. Interpretation of a finding that the DNA profile of a suspect or victim matches the evidence DNA. The committee addresses controversies in population genetics, exploring the problems that arise from the mixture of groups and subgroups in the American population and how this substructure can be accounted for in calculating frequencies. This volume examines statistical issues in interpreting frequencies as probabilities, including adjustments when a suspect is found through a database search. The committee includes a detailed discussion of what its recommendations would mean in the courtroom, with numerous case citations. By resolving several remaining issues in the evaluation of this increasingly important area of forensic evidence, this technical update will be important to forensic scientists and population geneticistsâ€"and helpful to attorneys, judges, and others who need to understand DNA and the law. Anyone working in laboratories and in the courts or anyone studying this issue should own this book.
Book Synopsis Guidelines for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results (rev. Ed. ) by : Barry N. Taylor
Download or read book Guidelines for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results (rev. Ed. ) written by Barry N. Taylor and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2009-11 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Results of measurements and conclusions derived from them constitute much of the technical information produced by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). In July 1992 the Director of NIST appointed an Ad Hoc Committee on Uncertainty Statements and charged it with recommending a policy on this important topic. The Committee concluded that the CIPM approach could be used to provide quantitative expression of measurement that would satisfy NIST¿s customers¿ requirements. NIST initially published a Technical Note on this issue in Jan. 1993. This 1994 edition addresses the most important questions raised by recipients concerning some of the points it addressed and some it did not. Illustrations.
Book Synopsis Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States by : National Research Council
Download or read book Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-07-29 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scores of talented and dedicated people serve the forensic science community, performing vitally important work. However, they are often constrained by lack of adequate resources, sound policies, and national support. It is clear that change and advancements, both systematic and scientific, are needed in a number of forensic science disciplines to ensure the reliability of work, establish enforceable standards, and promote best practices with consistent application. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward provides a detailed plan for addressing these needs and suggests the creation of a new government entity, the National Institute of Forensic Science, to establish and enforce standards within the forensic science community. The benefits of improving and regulating the forensic science disciplines are clear: assisting law enforcement officials, enhancing homeland security, and reducing the risk of wrongful conviction and exoneration. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States gives a full account of what is needed to advance the forensic science disciplines, including upgrading of systems and organizational structures, better training, widespread adoption of uniform and enforceable best practices, and mandatory certification and accreditation programs. While this book provides an essential call-to-action for congress and policy makers, it also serves as a vital tool for law enforcement agencies, criminal prosecutors and attorneys, and forensic science educators.
Book Synopsis Ethics and the Practice of Forensic Science by : Robin T. Bowen
Download or read book Ethics and the Practice of Forensic Science written by Robin T. Bowen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-03-08 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrity and honesty are the hallmarks of science - and especially so in the case of forensic science - making the study and practice of ethics essential to the field. Ethics and the Practice of Forensic Science, Third Edition directly addresses common stressors that can induce, or lead professionals - working in forensic laboratories, law enforcement, the judicial system, and at crime scenes - to commit misconduct. While forensic scientists, investigators, and experts are intrinsically ethical by nature, the reality is that these individuals face challenges including departmental or political pressures, lack of training, and conflicting standards. The difference, however, is that the work done by forensic professionals has the ability to compromise another person’s freedom, potentially leading to arrest, incarceration, and miscarriages of justice. Police and forensic professionals confront ethical dilemmas every day, some situations that fall within clear protocols or standards and others that frequently have no definitive answers. Ethics and the Practice of Forensic Science, Third Edition includes updated information and case studies, as well as recent research findings focused on ethics in forensic science. Chapters examine investigation and police culture through the lens of professional challenges, incorporating important information about the history of wrongful convictions, and including recent developments in overturned wrongful convictions, and the work of various innocence projects. Throughout the book, case examples of bias, ethical violations, and instances of tampering with evidence present the dangers of compromising one’s ethical standards. Through such cases, the book sheds light on the problem and offers alternative courses of action - presenting examples of what to do, and what not to do, when faced with ethical decisions in gathering, handling, analyzing, and presenting evidence.
Book Synopsis Principles of Forensic Toxicology by : Barry S. Levine
Download or read book Principles of Forensic Toxicology written by Barry S. Levine and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-13 with total page 691 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fifth edition of the best-selling Principles in Forensic Toxicology continues in the tradition of excellence in academic publishing. With over 10 years of classroom-tested and continually updated content, the new edition contains significant updates and 7 new chapters on new topics including drug-facilitated crimes, derivatization, quantitation, measurement uncertainty/traceability, statistics, oral fluid testing, and drugs in embalmed specimens. Part One covers the major sub-disciplines of forensic toxicology in addition to pharmacological concepts. Part Two addresses specimen preparation, laboratory testing and instrumental analysis, while Part Three discusses common analytes including cocaine, opioids, alcohol, and marijuana. Adopted for courses in many of the top universities for forensic science and used by respected medical examiner’s offices and crime laboratories worldwide, Principles of Forensic Toxicology prepares the next generation of forensic toxicologists and continues to be an important reference in professional practice.
Book Synopsis Forensic Drug Analysis by : Future Science Ltd
Download or read book Forensic Drug Analysis written by Future Science Ltd and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Quality Management in Forensic Science by : Sean Doyle
Download or read book Quality Management in Forensic Science written by Sean Doyle and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-11-20 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forensic science has been under scrutiny for some time, since the release of the NAS report in 2009. The report cited the need for standardized practices and the accreditation of crime labs. No longer can the forensic community take the position that cross-examination in a courtroom will expose weaknesses in methodology and execution. Quality Management in Forensic Science covers a wide spectrum of forensic disciplines, relevant ISO and non-ISO standards, accreditation and quality management systems necessary in any forensic science laboratory. Written by a globally well-respected forensic scientist with decades of experience in the forensic science laboratory and on the stand, as an expert witness who is also a Fellow of both the Royal Society of Chemistry and the Chartered Society of Forensic Sciences. This book will be a must-have resource for all forensic science stakeholders, particularly law enforcement agents and lawyers less familiar with the impact of quality management on the reliability of scientific evidence. - A comprehensive, multidisciplinary reference of scientific practices for use in the forensic laboratory - Coverage from DNA to toxicology, from trace evidence to crime scene and beyond - Extensive review of ISO and non-ISO standards, accreditation, QMS and much more - Written by a foremost forensic scientist with decades of experience in the laboratory and as an expert witness
Book Synopsis Professional Issues in Forensic Science by : Max M. Houck
Download or read book Professional Issues in Forensic Science written by Max M. Houck and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-04-15 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Professional Issues in Forensic Science will introduce students to various topics they will encounter within the field of Forensic Science. Legal implications within the field will focus on expert witness testimony and procedural rules defined by both legislative statute and court decisions. These decisions affect the collection, analysis, and court admissibility of scientific evidence, such as the Frye and Daubert standards and the Federal Rules of Evidence. Existing and pending Forensic Science legislation will be covered, including laws governing state and national DNA databases. Ethical concerns stemming from the day-to-day balancing of competing priorities encountered by the forensic student will be discussed. Such competing priorities may cause conflicts between good scientific practice and the need to expedite work, meet legal requirements, and satisfy client's wishes. The role of individual morality in Forensic Science and competing ethical standards between state and defense experts will be addressed. Examinations of ethical guidelines issued by various professional forensic organizations will be conducted. Students will be presented with examples of ethical dilemmas for comment and resolution. The management of crime laboratories will provide discussion on quality assurance/quality control practices and the standards required by the accreditation of laboratories and those proposed by Scientific Working Groups in Forensic Science. The national Academy of Sciences report on Strengthening Forensic Science will be examined to determine the impact of the field. Professional Issues in Forensic Science is a core topic taught in forensic science programs. This volume will be an essential advanced text for academics and an excellent reference for the newly practicing forensic scientist. It will also fit strategically and cluster well with our other forensic science titles addressing professional issues. - Introduces readers to various topics they will encounter within the field of Forensic Science - Covers legal issues, accreditation and certification, proper analysis, education and training, and management issues - Includes a section on professional organizations and groups, both in the U.S. and Internationally - Incorporates effective pedagogy, key terms, review questions, discussion question and additional reading suggestions
Book Synopsis Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists by : Colin Aitken
Download or read book Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists written by Colin Aitken and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-11-19 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first edition of Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists established itself as a highly regarded authority on this area. Fully revised and updated, the second edition provides significant new material on areas of current interest including: Glass Interpretation Fibres Interpretation Bayes’ Nets The title presents comprehensive coverage of the statistical evaluation of forensic evidence. It is written with the assumption of a modest mathematical background and is illustrated throughout with up-to-date examples from a forensic science background. The clarity of exposition makes this book ideal for all forensic scientists, lawyers and other professionals in related fields interested in the quantitative assessment and evaluation of evidence. 'There can be no doubt that the appreciation of some evidence in a court of law has been greatly enhanced by the sound use of statistical ideas and one can be confident that the next decade will see further developments, during which time this book will admirably serve those who have cause to use statistics in forensic science.' D.V. Lindley
Book Synopsis Forensic Science Evidence and Expert Witness Testimony by : Paul Roberts
Download or read book Forensic Science Evidence and Expert Witness Testimony written by Paul Roberts and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2018-11-30 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forensic science evidence plays a pivotal role in modern criminal proceedings. Yet such evidence poses intense practical and theoretical challenges. It can be unreliable or misleading and has been associated with miscarriages of justice. In this original and insightful book, a global team of prominent scholars and practitioners explore the contemporary challenges of forensic science evidence and expert witness testimony from a variety of theoretical, practical and jurisdictional perspectives. Chapters encompass the institutional organisation of forensic science, its procedural regulation, evaluation and reform, and brim with comparative insight.
Book Synopsis Forensic Chemistry by : Suzanne Bell
Download or read book Forensic Chemistry written by Suzanne Bell and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-04-27 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forensic Chemistry, Third Edition, the new edition of this ground-breaking book, continues to serve as the leading forensic chemistry text on the market. Fully updated, this edition describes the latest advances in current forensic chemistry analysis and practice. New and expanded coverage includes rapid advances in forensic mass spectrometry, NMR, and novel psychoactive substances (NPSs). Topics related to seized drug analysis, toxicology, combustion and fire investigation, explosives, and firearms discharge residue are described and illustrated with case studies. The role of statistics, quality assurance/quality control, uncertainty, and metrology are integrated into all topics. More pharmacological and toxicokinetic calculations are presented and discussed. Hundreds of color figures, nearly 450 total, along with graphs, illustrations, worked example problems, and case descriptions are used to show how analytical chemistry is applied to forensic practice. Coverage offer students insight into the legal context in which forensic chemistry is conducted and introduces them to the sample types and sample matrices frequently encountered in forensic laboratories.
Book Synopsis Forensic Analysis by : National Research Council
Download or read book Forensic Analysis written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-04-26 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1960s, testimony by representatives of the Federal Bureau of Investigation in thousands of criminal cases has relied on evidence from Compositional Analysis of Bullet Lead (CABL), a forensic technique that compares the elemental composition of bullets found at a crime scene to the elemental composition of bullets found in a suspect's possession. Different from ballistics techniques that compare striations on the barrel of a gun to those on a recovered bullet, CABL is used when no gun is recovered or when bullets are too small or mangled to observe striations. Forensic Analysis: Weighing Bullet Lead Evidence assesses the scientific validity of CABL, finding that the FBI should use a different statistical analysis for the technique and that, given variations in bullet manufacturing processes, expert witnesses should make clear the very limited conclusions that CABL results can support. The report also recommends that the FBI take additional measures to ensure the validity of CABL results, which include improving documentation, publishing details, and improving on training and oversight.
Book Synopsis Interpreting Evidence by : Bernard Robertson
Download or read book Interpreting Evidence written by Bernard Robertson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-07-28 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains the correct logical approach to analysis of forensic scientific evidence. The focus is on general methods of analysis applicable to all forms of evidence. It starts by explaining the general principles and then applies them to issues in DNA and other important forms of scientific evidence as examples. Like the first edition, the book analyses real legal cases and judgments rather than hypothetical examples and shows how the problems perceived in those cases would have been solved by a correct logical approach. The book is written to be understood both by forensic scientists preparing their evidence and by lawyers and judges who have to deal with it. The analysis is tied back both to basic scientific principles and to the principles of the law of evidence. This book will also be essential reading for law students taking evidence or forensic science papers and science students studying the application of their scientific specialisation to forensic questions.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Forensic Sciences by :
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Forensic Sciences written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-28 with total page 2253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forensic science includes all aspects of investigating a crime, including: chemistry, biology and physics, and also incorporates countless other specialties. Today, the service offered under the guise of "forensic science’ includes specialties from virtually all aspects of modern science, medicine, engineering, mathematics and technology. The Encyclopedia of Forensic Sciences, Second Edition, Four Volume Set is a reference source that will inform both the crime scene worker and the laboratory worker of each other’s protocols, procedures and limitations. Written by leading scientists in each area, every article is peer reviewed to establish clarity, accuracy, and comprehensiveness. As reflected in the specialties of its Editorial Board, the contents covers the core theories, methods and techniques employed by forensic scientists – and applications of these that are used in forensic analysis. This 4-volume set represents a 30% growth in articles from the first edition, with a particular increase in coverage of DNA and digital forensics Includes an international collection of contributors The second edition features a new 21-member editorial board, half of which are internationally based Includes over 300 articles, approximately 10pp on average Each article features a) suggested readings which point readers to additional sources for more information, b) a list of related Web sites, c) a 5-10 word glossary and definition paragraph, and d) cross-references to related articles in the encyclopedia Available online via SciVerse ScienceDirect. Please visit www.info.sciencedirect.com for more information This new edition continues the reputation of the first edition, which was awarded an Honorable Mention in the prestigious Dartmouth Medal competition for 2001. This award honors the creation of reference works of outstanding quality and significance, and is sponsored by the RUSA Committee of the American Library Association
Book Synopsis Measurement Uncertainty in Forensic Science by : Suzanne Bell
Download or read book Measurement Uncertainty in Forensic Science written by Suzanne Bell and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
