Mathematical Modelling And Simulation Of Biofuel Cells

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Biofuel Cells

Author : Inamuddin
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119724694
Total Pages : 530 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Biofuel Cells by : Inamuddin

Download or read book Biofuel Cells written by Inamuddin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-08-03 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid industrialization and urbanization associated with the environment changes calls for reduced pollution and thereby least use of fossil fuels. Biofuel cells are bioenergy resources and biocompatible alternatives to conventional fuel cells. Biofuel cells are one of the new sustainable renewable energy sources that are based on the direct conversion of chemical matters to electricity with the aid of microorganisms or enzymes as biocatalysts. The gradual depletion of fossil fuels, increasing energy needs, and the pressing problem of environmental pollution have stimulated a wide range of research and development efforts for renewable and environmentally friendly energy. Energy generation from biomass resources by employing biofuel cells is crucial for sustainable development. Biofuel cells have attracted considerable attention as micro- or even nano-power sources for implantable biomedical devices, such as cardiac pacemakers, implantable self-powered sensors, and biosensors for monitoring physiological parameters. This book covers the most recent developments and offers a detailed overview of fundamentals, principles, mechanisms, properties, optimizing parameters, analytical characterization tools, various types of biofuel cells, all-category of materials, catalysts, engineering architectures, implantable biofuel cells, applications and novel innovations and challenges in this sector. This book is a reference guide for anyone working in the areas of energy and the environment.

Mathematical modeling of biofuel synthesis and storage

Author : Karina Benassi Angilelli
Publisher : EDUEL
ISBN 13 : 6589814449
Total Pages : 159 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (898 download)

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Book Synopsis Mathematical modeling of biofuel synthesis and storage by : Karina Benassi Angilelli

Download or read book Mathematical modeling of biofuel synthesis and storage written by Karina Benassi Angilelli and published by EDUEL. This book was released on 2022-07-15 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is divided into eight chapters, where the reader will find works carried out by the Fuel Analysis Laboratory of the State University of Londrina, addressing the analysis of biofuel mixtures from different raw materials; optimization of alcoholic fermentation of extracts obtained from native Brazilian fruits; mathematical modeling in the efficiency of natural and synthetic antioxidants; the influence of metallic contaminants in oxidation; evaluation of catalysts in the biodiesel production and a proposal of mechanisms for the oxidation reaction in the presence of transition metals.

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Author : Meng Ni
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1849737770
Total Pages : 539 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (497 download)

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Book Synopsis Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by : Meng Ni

Download or read book Solid Oxide Fuel Cells written by Meng Ni and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2013-08-16 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are promising electrochemical power generation devices that can convert chemical energy of a fuel into electricity in an efficient, environmental-friendly, and quiet manner. Due to their high operating temperature, SOFCs feature fuel flexibility as internal reforming of hydrocarbon fuels and ammonia thermal cracking can be realized in SOFC anode. This book presents an overview of the SOFC technology with a focus on the recent developments in new technologies and new ideas for addressing the key issues of SOFC development. This book first introduces the fundamental principles of SOFCs and compares SOFC technology with conventional heat engines as well as low temperature fuel cells. Then the latest developments in SOFC R&D are reviewed and future directions are discussed. Key issues related to SOFC performance improvement, long-term stability, mathematical modelling, as well as system integration/control are addressed, including material development, infiltration technique for nano-structured electrode fabrication, focused ion beam – scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) technique for microstructure reconstruction, the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) simulation at pore scale, multi-scale modelling, SOFC integration with buildings and other cycles for stationary applications.

Bioelectrochemistry

Author : Philip N. Bartlett
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470753838
Total Pages : 494 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis Bioelectrochemistry by : Philip N. Bartlett

Download or read book Bioelectrochemistry written by Philip N. Bartlett and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-05-27 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioelectrochemistry: Fundamentals, Experimental Techniques and Application, covers the fundamental aspects of the chemistry, physics and biology which underlie this subject area. It describes some of the different experimental techniques that can be used to study bioelectrochemical problems and it describes various applications of biolelectrochemisty including amperometric biosensors, immunoassays, electrochemistry of DNA, biofuel cells, whole cell biosensors, in vivo applications and bioelectrosynthesis. By bringing together these different aspects, this work provides a unique source of information in this area, approaching the subject from a cross-disciplinary viewpoint.

Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Mathematical Modeling and Computational Science

Author : Sheng-Lung Peng
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 981993611X
Total Pages : 559 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Mathematical Modeling and Computational Science by : Sheng-Lung Peng

Download or read book Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Mathematical Modeling and Computational Science written by Sheng-Lung Peng and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume is a collection of high-quality, peer-reviewed research papers presented at the Third International Conference on Mathematical Modeling and Computational Science (ICMMCS 2023), held during 24 – 25 February 2023 in hybrid mode. The topics covered in the book are mathematical logic and foundations, numerical analysis, neural networks, fuzzy set theory, coding theory, higher algebra, number theory, graph theory and combinatory, computation in complex networks, calculus, differential educations and integration, application of soft computing, knowledge engineering, machine learning, artificial intelligence, big data and data analytics, high performance computing, network and device security, Internet of Things (IoT).

Bioenergy

Author : Praveen Kumar Ramanujam
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819930022
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Bioenergy by : Praveen Kumar Ramanujam

Download or read book Bioenergy written by Praveen Kumar Ramanujam and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-06 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This contributed volume discusses the impact of bioenergy on the environment and economy. The book contents include contributions on themes, such as the impact of emulsified biofuels on the environment, environmental impacts of the current uses of biomass energy, sustainable development in ecosystem, trends in microbial fuel cells and the ecological and economic impacts on biofuel production, among others. The book also uses visual elements to aid learning. This book is a valuable, hands-on resource for researchers, academics and industry professionals, who are interested in alternative fuels, sustainability, clean energy, biofuel production, waste management, environmental pollution, renewable energy and allied fields.

Microbial Community Modeling: Prediction of Microbial Interactions and Community Dynamics

Author : Hyun-Seob Song
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3038429759
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbial Community Modeling: Prediction of Microbial Interactions and Community Dynamics by : Hyun-Seob Song

Download or read book Microbial Community Modeling: Prediction of Microbial Interactions and Community Dynamics written by Hyun-Seob Song and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-07-04 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Microbial Community Modeling: Prediction of Microbial Interactions and Community Dynamics" that was published in Processes

Modeling and Simulation in Chemical Engineering

Author : Christo Boyadjiev
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030876608
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling and Simulation in Chemical Engineering by : Christo Boyadjiev

Download or read book Modeling and Simulation in Chemical Engineering written by Christo Boyadjiev and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-08 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a theoretical analysis of the modern methods used for modeling various chemical engineering processes. Currently, the two primary problems in the chemical industry are the optimal design of new devices and the optimal control of active processes. Both of these problems are often solved by developing new methods of modeling. These methods for modeling specific processes may be different, but in all cases, they bring the mathematical description closer to the real processes by using appropriate experimental data. In this book, the authors detail a new approach for the modeling of chemical processes in column apparatuses. Further, they describe the types of neural networks that have been shown to be effective in solving important chemical engineering problems. Readers are also presented with mathematical models of integrated bioethanol supply chains (IBSC) that achieve improved economic and environmental sustainability. The integration of energy and mass processes is one of the most powerful tools for creating sustainable and energy efficient production systems. This book defines the main approaches for the thermal integration of periodic processes, direct and indirect, and the recent integration of small-scale solar thermal dryers with phase change materials as energy accumulators. An exciting overview of new approaches for the modeling of chemical engineering processes, this book serves as a guide for the important innovations being made in theoretical chemical engineering.

Modeling and Simulation of Energy Systems

Author : Thomas A. Adams II
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039215183
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (392 download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling and Simulation of Energy Systems by : Thomas A. Adams II

Download or read book Modeling and Simulation of Energy Systems written by Thomas A. Adams II and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-11-06 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy Systems Engineering is one of the most exciting and fastest growing fields in engineering. Modeling and simulation plays a key role in Energy Systems Engineering because it is the primary basis on which energy system design, control, optimization, and analysis are based. This book contains a specially curated collection of recent research articles on the modeling and simulation of energy systems written by top experts around the world from universities and research labs, such as Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Yale University, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, National Energy Technology Laboratory of the US Department of Energy, University of Technology Sydney, McMaster University, Queens University, Purdue University, the University of Connecticut, Technical University of Denmark, the University of Toronto, Technische Universität Berlin, Texas A&M, the University of Pennsylvania, and many more. The key research themes covered include energy systems design, control systems, flexible operations, operational strategies, and systems analysis. The addressed areas of application include electric power generation, refrigeration cycles, natural gas liquefaction, shale gas treatment, concentrated solar power, waste-to-energy systems, micro-gas turbines, carbon dioxide capture systems, energy storage, petroleum refinery unit operations, Brayton cycles, to name but a few.

Dynamic Systems Biology Modeling and Simulation

Author : Joseph DiStefano III
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0124104932
Total Pages : 886 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (241 download)

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Book Synopsis Dynamic Systems Biology Modeling and Simulation by : Joseph DiStefano III

Download or read book Dynamic Systems Biology Modeling and Simulation written by Joseph DiStefano III and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-01-10 with total page 886 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dynamic Systems Biology Modeling and Simuation consolidates and unifies classical and contemporary multiscale methodologies for mathematical modeling and computer simulation of dynamic biological systems – from molecular/cellular, organ-system, on up to population levels. The book pedagogy is developed as a well-annotated, systematic tutorial – with clearly spelled-out and unified nomenclature – derived from the author's own modeling efforts, publications and teaching over half a century. Ambiguities in some concepts and tools are clarified and others are rendered more accessible and practical. The latter include novel qualitative theory and methodologies for recognizing dynamical signatures in data using structural (multicompartmental and network) models and graph theory; and analyzing structural and measurement (data) models for quantification feasibility. The level is basic-to-intermediate, with much emphasis on biomodeling from real biodata, for use in real applications. - Introductory coverage of core mathematical concepts such as linear and nonlinear differential and difference equations, Laplace transforms, linear algebra, probability, statistics and stochastics topics - The pertinent biology, biochemistry, biophysics or pharmacology for modeling are provided, to support understanding the amalgam of "math modeling with life sciences - Strong emphasis on quantifying as well as building and analyzing biomodels: includes methodology and computational tools for parameter identifiability and sensitivity analysis; parameter estimation from real data; model distinguishability and simplification; and practical bioexperiment design and optimization - Companion website provides solutions and program code for examples and exercises using Matlab, Simulink, VisSim, SimBiology, SAAMII, AMIGO, Copasi and SBML-coded models - A full set of PowerPoint slides are available from the author for teaching from his textbook. He uses them to teach a 10 week quarter upper division course at UCLA, which meets twice a week, so there are 20 lectures. They can easily be augmented or stretched for a 15 week semester course - Importantly, the slides are editable, so they can be readily adapted to a lecturer's personal style and course content needs. The lectures are based on excerpts from 12 of the first 13 chapters of DSBMS. They are designed to highlight the key course material, as a study guide and structure for students following the full text content - The complete PowerPoint slide package (~25 MB) can be obtained by instructors (or prospective instructors) by emailing the author directly, at: [email protected]

Fundamentals of Biofuel Production Processes

Author : Debabrata Das
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351617516
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Biofuel Production Processes by : Debabrata Das

Download or read book Fundamentals of Biofuel Production Processes written by Debabrata Das and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-04-16 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on fundamentals of biofuel production from renewable energy sources and biohydrogen production, this book offers a complete understanding of the bioconversion processes. Each chapter begins with a fundamental explanation for general readers and ends with in-depth scientific details suitable for expert readers. It discusses different types of production technologies covering basic concepts, production strategies, commercial usage, and advances.

Biorefineries and Chemical Processes

Author : Jhuma Sadhukhan
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9781119990864
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Biorefineries and Chemical Processes by : Jhuma Sadhukhan

Download or read book Biorefineries and Chemical Processes written by Jhuma Sadhukhan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-11-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the range of feedstocks, process technologies and products expand, biorefineries will become increasingly complex manufacturing systems. Biorefineries and Chemical Processes: Design, Integration and Sustainability Analysis presents process modelling and integration, and whole system life cycle analysis tools for the synthesis, design, operation and sustainable development of biorefinery and chemical processes. Topics covered include: Introduction: An introduction to the concept and development of biorefineries. Tools: Included here are the methods for detailed economic and environmental impact analyses; combined economic value and environmental impact analysis; life cycle assessment (LCA); multi-criteria analysis; heat integration and utility system design; mathematical programming based optimization and genetic algorithms. Process synthesis and design: Focuses on modern unit operations and innovative process flowsheets. Discusses thermochemical and biochemical processing of biomass, production of chemicals and polymers from biomass, and processes for carbon dioxide capture. Biorefinery systems: Presents biorefinery process synthesis using whole system analysis. Discusses bio-oil and algae biorefineries, integrated fuel cells and renewables, and heterogeneous catalytic reactors. Companion website: Four case studies, additional exercises and examples are available online, together with three supplementary chapters which address waste and emission minimization, energy storage and control systems, and the optimization and reuse of water. This textbook is designed to bridge a gap between engineering design and sustainability assessment, for advanced students and practicing process designers and engineers.

Mathematical Modeling in Systems Biology

Author : Brian P. Ingalls
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262545829
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Mathematical Modeling in Systems Biology by : Brian P. Ingalls

Download or read book Mathematical Modeling in Systems Biology written by Brian P. Ingalls and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-06-07 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to the mathematical concepts and techniques needed for the construction and analysis of models in molecular systems biology. Systems techniques are integral to current research in molecular cell biology, and system-level investigations are often accompanied by mathematical models. These models serve as working hypotheses: they help us to understand and predict the behavior of complex systems. This book offers an introduction to mathematical concepts and techniques needed for the construction and interpretation of models in molecular systems biology. It is accessible to upper-level undergraduate or graduate students in life science or engineering who have some familiarity with calculus, and will be a useful reference for researchers at all levels. The first four chapters cover the basics of mathematical modeling in molecular systems biology. The last four chapters address specific biological domains, treating modeling of metabolic networks, of signal transduction pathways, of gene regulatory networks, and of electrophysiology and neuronal action potentials. Chapters 3–8 end with optional sections that address more specialized modeling topics. Exercises, solvable with pen-and-paper calculations, appear throughout the text to encourage interaction with the mathematical techniques. More involved end-of-chapter problem sets require computational software. Appendixes provide a review of basic concepts of molecular biology, additional mathematical background material, and tutorials for two computational software packages (XPPAUT and MATLAB) that can be used for model simulation and analysis.

Role of Mathematical Modeling in Advanced Power Generation Systems

Author : Arijit Ganguli
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832538800
Total Pages : 153 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Role of Mathematical Modeling in Advanced Power Generation Systems by : Arijit Ganguli

Download or read book Role of Mathematical Modeling in Advanced Power Generation Systems written by Arijit Ganguli and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-11-13 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy demands throughout the globe has been increasing and the detrimental effects of carbon emissions on the environment by use of non-renewable resources has impacted life on the planet. The changing climate has caused an increase in natural calamities all over the globe. Many countries in the world have started to produce power using renewable resources like solar, biomass, wind energy, nuclear energy and green fuels. Though there are several technologies for power generation using the above sources, efficient design of these systems still needs lot of research. Mathematical modeling would play a vital role in design of state of the art technologies. Advanced nuclear power plants need special mention since they involve naturally driven safety systems where the complex phenomena of boiling, condensation and thermal stratification take place. These are difficult to model as there is more than one phase coupled with turbulence models, near wall phenomena, coalescence and break up, etc. Scaling up of such systems and their innovative design to reduce stratification requires the help of mathematical modeling. Other opportunities include Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling for design of wind turbines for power generation using wind energy. Power generation from biomass involves use of gasifiers which has complex set of reactions and mostly two or three phases which are difficult to model using CFD at industrial scales.

Mathematical Modeling of Biosensors

Author : Romas Baronas
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789400730908
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Mathematical Modeling of Biosensors by : Romas Baronas

Download or read book Mathematical Modeling of Biosensors written by Romas Baronas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-03-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biosensors are analytical devices in which speci?c recognition of the chemical substances is performed by biological material. The biological material that serves as recognition element is used in combination with a transducer. The transducer transforms concentration of substrate or product to electrical signal that is amp- ?ed and further processed. The biosensors may utilize enzymes, antibodies, nucleic acids, organelles, plant and animal tissue, whole organism or organs. Biosensors containing biological catalysts (enzymes) are called catalytical biosensors. These type of biosensors are the most abundant, and they found the largest application in medicine, ecology, and environmental monitoring. The action of catalytical biosensors is associated with substrate diffusion into biocatalytical membrane and it conversion to a product. The modeling of bios- sors involves solving the diffusion equations for substrate and product with a term containing a rate of biocatalytical transformation of substrate. The complications of modeling arise due to solving of partially differential equations with non-linear biocatalytical term and with complex boundary and initial conditions. The book starts with the modeling biosensors by analytical solution of partial differential equations. Historically this method was used to describe fundamental features of biosensors action though it is limited by substrate concentration, and is applicable for simple biocatalytical processes. Using this method the action of biosensors was analyzed at critical concentrations of substrate and enzyme activity.

Control in Bioprocessing

Author : Pablo A. López Pérez
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119296080
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Control in Bioprocessing by : Pablo A. López Pérez

Download or read book Control in Bioprocessing written by Pablo A. López Pérez and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-03-03 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Closes the gap between bioscience and mathematics-based process engineering This book presents the most commonly employed approaches in the control of bioprocesses. It discusses the role that control theory plays in understanding the mechanisms of cellular and metabolic processes, and presents key results in various fields such as dynamic modeling, dynamic properties of bioprocess models, software sensors designed for the online estimation of parameters and state variables, and control and supervision of bioprocesses Control in Bioengineering and Bioprocessing: Modeling, Estimation and the Use of Sensors is divided into three sections. Part I, Mathematical preliminaries and overview of the control and monitoring of bioprocess, provides a general overview of the control and monitoring of bioprocesses, and introduces the mathematical framework necessary for the analysis and characterization of bioprocess dynamics. Part II, Observability and control concepts, presents the observability concepts which form the basis of design online estimation algorithms (software sensor) for bioprocesses, and reviews controllability of these concepts, including automatic feedback control systems. Part III, Software sensors and observer-based control schemes for bioprocesses, features six application cases including dynamic behavior of 3-dimensional continuous bioreactors; observability analysis applied to 2D and 3D bioreactors with inhibitory and non-inhibitory models; and regulation of a continuously stirred bioreactor via modeling error compensation. Applicable across all areas of bioprocess engineering, including food and beverages, biofuels and renewable energy, pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals, fermentation systems, product separation technologies, wastewater and solid-waste treatment technology, and bioremediation Provides a clear explanation of the mass-balance–based mathematical modelling of bioprocesses and the main tools for its dynamic analysis Offers industry-based applications on: myco-diesel for implementing "quality" of observability; developing a virtual sensor based on the Just-In-Time Model to monitor biological control systems; and virtual sensor design for state estimation in a photocatalytic bioreactor for hydrogen production Control in Bioengineering and Bioprocessing is intended as a foundational text for graduate level students in bioengineering, as well as a reference text for researchers, engineers, and other practitioners interested in the field of estimation and control of bioprocesses.

Microalgae Biotechnology for Development of Biofuel and Wastewater Treatment

Author : Md. Asraful Alam
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811322643
Total Pages : 646 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Microalgae Biotechnology for Development of Biofuel and Wastewater Treatment by : Md. Asraful Alam

Download or read book Microalgae Biotechnology for Development of Biofuel and Wastewater Treatment written by Md. Asraful Alam and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-30 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses microalgae, which represent a very promising biomass resource for wastewater treatment and producing biofuels. Accordingly, microalgae are also an expanding sector in biofuels and wastewater treatment, as can be seen in several high-profile start-ups from around the globe, including Solix Biofuels, Craig Venter’s Synthetic Genomics, PetroSun, Chevron Corporation, ENN Group etc. In addition, a number of recent studies and patent applications have confirmed the value of modern microalgae for biofuels production and wastewater treatment systems. However, substantial inconsistencies have been observed in terms of system boundaries, scope, the cultivation of microalgae and oil extraction systems, production costs and economic viability, cost-lowering components, etc. Moreover, the downstream technologies and core principles involved in liquid fuel extraction from microalgae cells are still in their early stages, and not always adequate for industrial production. Accordingly, multilateral co-operation between universities, research institutes, governments, stakeholders and researchers is called for in order to make microalgae biofuels economical. Responding to this challenge, the book begins with a general introduction to microalgae and the algae industry, and subsequently discusses all major aspects of microalgal biotechnology, from strain isolation and robust strain development, to biofuel development, refinement and wastewater treatment.