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Author : Dwayne L. Tyner
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (472 download)
Download or read book Mathematical Modeling, Optimization, and Control of a Semi-batch Polymerization Reactor written by Dwayne L. Tyner and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : R. Paulen
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN 13 : 012808619X
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)
Download or read book 23 European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering written by R. Paulen and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-06-10 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study dynamic optimization of a lab-scale semi-batch emulsion copolymerization reactor for styrene and butyl acrylate in the presence of n-dodecyl mercaptan as chain transfer agent (CTA). The previously developed mathematical model of the polymerization reactions is used to predict the glass transition temperature of produced polymer, the global monomer conversion, the number and weight average molecular weights, the particle size distribution, and the amount of residual monomers. This model is implemented within gPROMS environment for modeling and optimization. It is desired to compute optimal profiles of feed rate of pre-emulsioned monomers and CTA which optimize properties (quantitative as well as qualitative) of polymers produced during the reaction subject to operational conditions and constraints.
Author : Iván-Dario Gil
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (892 download)
Download or read book Modeling, Simulation, Dynamic Optimization and Control of a Semibatch Emulsion Polymerization Process written by Iván-Dario Gil and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, modeling, simulation, dynamic optimization and nonlinear control of an industrial emulsion polymerization process to produce poly-vinyl acetate (PVAc) are proposed. The reaction is modeled as a two-phase system composed of an aqueous phase and a particle phase. A detailed model is used to calculate the weight average molecular weight, the number average molecular weight and the dispersity. The moments of the growing and dead chains are used to represent the state of the polymer and to calculate the molecular weight distribution (MWD). The case study corresponds to an industrial reactor operated at a chemical company in Bogotá. An industrial scale reactor (11 m3 of capacity) is simulated where a semi-batch emulsion polymerization reaction of vinyl acetate is performed. Dynamic optimization problem is solved directly using a Nonlinear Programming solver. Integration of differential equations is made using Runge-Kutta method. Three different optimization problems are solved from the more simplistic (only one control variable: reactor temperature) to the more complex (three control variables : reactor temperature, initiator flow rate and monomer flow rate) in order to minimize the reaction time. A reduction of 25% of the batch time is achieved with respect to the normal operating conditions applied at the company. The results show that is possible to minimize the reaction time while some polymer desired qualities (conversion, molecular weight and solids content) satisfy the defined constraints. A nonlinear geometric control technique by using input/output linearization is adapted to the reactor temperature control. An extended Kalman filter (EKF) is implemented to estimate unmeasured states and it is tested in different cases including a robustness study where model errors are introduced to verify its good performance. After verification of controller performance, some process changes were proposed in order to improve process productivity and polymer quality. Finally, the optimal temperature profile and optimal feed policies of the monomer and initiator, obtained in a dynamic optimization step, are used to provide the optimal set points for the nonlinear control. The results show that the nonlinear controller designed here is appropriate to follow the optimal temperature trajectories calculated previously.
Author : C. McGreavy
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483298906
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)
Download or read book Dynamics and Control of Chemical Reactors and Distillation Columns written by C. McGreavy and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-23 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the latest results of both academic and industrial research in the control, modelling and dynamics of two of the most fundamental constituents of all chemical engineering plant. Includes contributions on fixed-bed, gas-phase and tubular reactors, thermal cracking furnaces and distillation columns, related to applications in all major areas of chemical engineering, including petrochemicals and bulk chemical manufacture. Contains 51 papers.
Author : Joseph Schork
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351457942
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (514 download)
Download or read book Control of Polymerization Reactors written by Joseph Schork and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-20 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference and text provides an in-depth description of developments in control techniques and their application to polymerization reactors and offers important introductory background information on polymerization reaction engineering.;Discussing modelling, identification, linear, nonlinear and multivariable schemes, Control of Polymerization Reactors: presents all available techniques that can be used to control reactors properly for optimal performance; shows how to manipulate pivotal variables that affect reactor control; examines methods for deriving dynamic process models to improve reactor efficiency; reviews reactor control problems and points out end-use properties; supplies methods for measuring process variables, and ways to estimate variables that can't be measured; and explains how single-input, single-output (SISO) strategies can be effectively used for control.;Filled with illustrative examples to clarify concepts, including more than 730 figures, tables and equations, Control of Polymerization Reactors is intended for use as a reference for chemical, process development, process design, research and development, control systems, and polymer engineers; and polymer chemists and physicists; as well as a text for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in polymerization reactor control courses.
Author : Jin Yong Choi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 538 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (314 download)
Download or read book Nonlinear Process-model-based Control and Optimization of Batch Polymerization Reactor written by Jin Yong Choi and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Wayne F. Reed
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470917385
Total Pages : 493 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (79 download)
Download or read book Monitoring Polymerization Reactions written by Wayne F. Reed and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-01-21 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers new strategies to optimize polymer reactions With contributions from leading macromolecular scientists and engineers, this book provides a practical guide to polymerization monitoring. It enables laboratory researchers to optimize polymer reactions by providing them with a better understanding of the underlying reaction kinetics and mechanisms. Moreover, it opens the door to improved industrial-scale reactions, including enhanced product quality and reduced harmful emissions. Monitoring Polymerization Reactions begins with a review of the basic elements of polymer reactions and their kinetics, including an overview of stimuli-responsive polymers. Next, it explains why certain polymer and reaction characteristics need to be monitored. The book then explores a variety of practical topics, including: Principles and applications of important polymer characterization tools, such as light scattering, gel permeation chromatography, calorimetry, rheology, and spectroscopy Automatic continuous online monitoring of polymerization (ACOMP) reactions, a flexible platform that enables characterization tools to be employed simultaneously during reactions in order to obtain a complete record of multiple reaction features Modeling of polymerization reactions and numerical approaches Applications that optimize the manufacture of industrially important polymers Throughout the book, the authors provide step-by-step strategies for implementation. In addition, ample use of case studies helps readers understand the benefits of various monitoring strategies and approaches, enabling them to choose the best one to match their needs. As new stimuli-responsive and "intelligent" polymers continue to be developed, the ability to monitor reactions will become increasingly important. With this book as their guide, polymer scientists and engineers can take full advantage of the latest monitoring strategies to optimize reactions in both the lab and the manufacturing plant.
Author : W. H. B. W. Ibrahim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (793 download)
Download or read book Dynamic Modelling and Optimization of Polymerization Processes in Batch and Semi-batch Reactors written by W. H. B. W. Ibrahim and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dynamic modelling and optimization of three different processes namely (a) bulk polymerization of styrene, (b) solution polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and (c) emulsion copolymerization of Styrene and MMA in batch and semi-batch reactors are the focus of this work. In this work, models are presented as sets of differential-algebraic equations describing the process. Different optimization problems such as (a) maximum conversion (Xn), (b) maximum number average molecular weight (Mn) and (c) minimum time to achieve the desired polymer molecular properties (defined as pre-specified values of monomer conversion and number average molecular weight) are formulated. Reactor temperature, jacket temperature, initial initiator concentration, monomer feed rate, initiator feed rate and surfactant feed rate are used as optimization variables in the optimization formulations. The dynamic optimization problems were converted into nonlinear programming problem using the CVP techniques which were solved using efficient SQP (Successive Quadratic Programming) method available within the gPROMS (general PROcess Modelling System) software. The process model used for bulk polystyrene polymerization in batch reactors, using 2, 2 azobisisobutyronitrile catalyst (AIBN) as initiator was improved by including the gel and glass effects. The results obtained from this work when compared with the previous study by other researcher which disregarded the gel and glass effect in their study which show that the batch time operation are significantly reduced while the amount of the initial initiator concentration required increases. Also, the termination rate constant decreases as the concentration of the mixture increases, resulting rapid monomer conversion. The process model used for solution polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in batch reactors, using AIBN as the initiator and Toluene as the solvent was improved by including the free volume theory to calculate the initiator efficiency, f. The effects of different f was examined and compared with previous work which used a constant value of f 0.53. The results of these studies show that initiator efficiency, f is not constant but decreases with the increase of monomer conversion along the process. The determination of optimal control trajectories for emulsion copolymerization of Styrene and MMA with the objective of maximizing the number average molecular weight (Mn) and overall conversion (Xn) were carried out in batch and semi-batch reactors. The initiator used in this work is Persulfate K2S2O8 and the surfactant is Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS). Reduction of the pre-batch time increases the Mn but decreases the conversion (Xn). The sooner the addition of monomer into the reactor, the earlier the growth of the polymer chain leading to higher Mn. Besides that, Mn also can be increased by decreasing the initial initiator concentration (Ci0). Less oligomeric radicals will be produced with low Ci0, leading to reduced polymerization loci thus lowering the overall conversion. On the other hand, increases of reaction temperature (Tr) will decrease the Mn since transfer coefficient is increased at higher Tr leading to increase of the monomeric radicals resulting in an increase in termination reaction.
Author : Kam Yok Loke
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 67 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)
Download or read book Optimization of Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene and Methyl Methacrylate (MMA) written by Kam Yok Loke and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the optimization of emulsion copolymerization of Styrene and Methyl Methacrylate (MMA). A model-based framework for optimal operation of copolymerization processes was used in gPROMS environment and enables us to predict the maximum monomer conversion for a given total monomer feed over the batch time. The complexities of the process were represented by mathematical models for optimization and control. A process model involving the equations for mass and energy balance describing the particle evolution in a batch reactor and diffusion controlled kinetics is incorporated into the optimization framework. The modeling is account for complex physic-chemical sub-processes involving particle formation mechanisms with two monomer droplets, surfactants, initiator and particulates. Using gPROMS, the system analyzed the data, created models, developed algorithms, manipulated and plotted based on the functions and data. The determination of optimal profile for control variables used for emulsion polymerization of styrene and MMA that yielded desired conversion with fixed batch time and fixed number average molecular weight in batch reactor respectively were carried out in batch reactor. Reduction of the pre-batch time increases the Mn but decreases the conversion (Xn). The faster the addition of monomer into the reactor, the earlier the growth of the polymer chain leading to higher Mn. The increases of the reaction temperature will decrease the Mn since increases of temperature will increase the rate of termination reaction.
Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444639705
Total Pages : 3064 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (446 download)
Download or read book 27th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-09-21 with total page 3064 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 27th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering, Volume 40 contains the papers presented at the 27th European Society of Computer-Aided Process Engineering (ESCAPE) event held in Barcelona, October 1-5, 2017. It is a valuable resource for chemical engineers, chemical process engineers, researchers in industry and academia, students, and consultants for chemical industries. - Presents findings and discussions from the 27th European Society of Computer-Aided Process Engineering (ESCAPE) event
Author : Charles D. Immanuel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 574 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (528 download)
Download or read book Experimental Analysis, Mathematical Modeling and Control of Particle Size Distribution in Semi-batch Emulsion Polymerization written by Charles D. Immanuel and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Prashant Mhaskar
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030041409
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)
Download or read book Modeling and Control of Batch Processes written by Prashant Mhaskar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-28 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling and Control of Batch Processes presents state-of-the-art techniques ranging from mechanistic to data-driven models. These methods are specifically tailored to handle issues pertinent to batch processes, such as nonlinear dynamics and lack of online quality measurements. In particular, the book proposes: a novel batch control design with well characterized feasibility properties; a modeling approach that unites multi-model and partial least squares techniques; a generalization of the subspace identification approach for batch processes; and applications to several detailed case studies, ranging from a complex simulation test bed to industrial data. The book’s proposed methodology employs statistical tools, such as partial least squares and subspace identification, and couples them with notions from state-space-based models to provide solutions to the quality control problem for batch processes. Practical implementation issues are discussed to help readers understand the application of the methods in greater depth. The book includes numerous comments and remarks providing insight and fundamental understanding into the modeling and control of batch processes. Modeling and Control of Batch Processes includes many detailed examples of industrial relevance that can be tailored by process control engineers or researchers to a specific application. The book is also of interest to graduate students studying control systems, as it contains new research topics and references to significant recent work. Advances in Industrial Control reports and encourages the transfer of technology in control engineering. The rapid development of control technology has an impact on all areas of the control discipline. The series offers an opportunity for researchers to present an extended exposition of new work in all aspects of industrial control.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 524 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Dynamics and Control of Chemical Reactors, Distillation Columns and Batch Processes written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : K. Najim
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483298973
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)
Download or read book Advanced Control of Chemical Processes (ADCHEM'91) written by K. Najim and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-23 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains 40 papers which describe the recent developments in advanced control of chemical processes and related industries. The topics of adaptive control, model-based control and neural networks are covered by 3 survey papers. New adaptive, statistical, model-based control and artificial intelligence techniques and their applications are detailed in several papers. The problem of implementation of control algorithms on a digital computer is also considered.
Author : Sirish Shah
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 9780080442976
Total Pages : 540 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (429 download)
Download or read book Dynamics and Control of Process Systems 2004 written by Sirish Shah and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-06-10 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Georgios A. Kalfas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 670 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Experimental Studies and Mathematical Modeling of Aqueous Suspension Polymerization Reactors written by Georgios A. Kalfas and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Thierry Meyer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 596 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Polymer Reaction Engineering written by Thierry Meyer and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
