Managing the Revolution in Military Affairs

Download Managing the Revolution in Military Affairs PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230294189
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (32 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Managing the Revolution in Military Affairs by : R. Matthews

Download or read book Managing the Revolution in Military Affairs written by R. Matthews and published by Springer. This book was released on 2001-08-20 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War was the catalyst for profound changes in the global security and defence management environment, including: alterations in the size, structure and configuration of the Armed Forces; emergence of asymmetrical warfare; recognition of the strategic significance of military infosphere, embracing all dimensions of the 'virtual' and 'vertical' battlespace; emphasis on coalition warfare and defence-industrial cooperation; and reform of the financial, procurement and logistical systems. The contributors to this book evaluate these environmental changes within a defence management context.

The Dynamics of Military Revolution, 1300-2050

Download The Dynamics of Military Revolution, 1300-2050 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521800792
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (7 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Dynamics of Military Revolution, 1300-2050 by : MacGregor Knox

Download or read book The Dynamics of Military Revolution, 1300-2050 written by MacGregor Knox and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-08-27 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book studies the changes that have marked war in the Western World since the thirteenth century.

Military Transformation and Strategy

Download Military Transformation and Strategy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134103425
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (341 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Military Transformation and Strategy by : Bernard Loo

Download or read book Military Transformation and Strategy written by Bernard Loo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-08-21 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the idea of arevolution in military affairs (RMA), which underpins the transformational agenda of the US military, and examines its implications for smaller states.The strategic studies literature on the RMA tends to be American-centric and directed towards the strategic problems of the US military. This volume seeks to fill t

The (Real) Revolution in Military Affairs

Download The (Real) Revolution in Military Affairs PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : SCB Distributors
ISBN 13 : 1949762084
Total Pages : 219 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (497 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The (Real) Revolution in Military Affairs by : Andrei Martyanov

Download or read book The (Real) Revolution in Military Affairs written by Andrei Martyanov and published by SCB Distributors. This book was released on 2019-08-01 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The liberal world order, a euphemism for American global hegemony, is crumbling at an accelerating pace. While its collapse is tangible, the outcome of such a collapse remains a matter of speculation and public debate. The US is desperately seeking to preserve the status quo, which rests primarily upon recognition of its military supremacy. For millennia, warfare has been a driving force behind changes in the geopolitical status of power configurations (whether of peoples, states or empires), and it remains so, today. Accordingly, short of actual warfare, the assessment (modeling) of relative military power plays an inordinate role in the determination of national status. Models of emerging changes in military capability range from relatively simple to extremely complex ones. Viewing the evolution of the current system of international relations outside the framework of actual, rather than propaganda-driven, military capabilities is not only useless, it is dangerous since states’ mistaken assessment of their own and other states’ military power can lead to misadventures and catastrophic mistakes. The United States’ efforts to preserve not just its dominance but the perception of its dominance are bound to fail for many important reasons, none more important than what is often misidentified in past American military-theoretical hypotheses about the future of warfare, known generically as the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA). This book explains why those hypotheses are failing and will continue to fail, and addresses the real RMA. In the end, technological development in weaponry as a response to tactical, operational and strategic requirements defines not only a nation’s geopolitical status but determines the global order. Assessments of military capacity, if reality-based, serve as good predictors of the level of volatility in international relations and the level of violence globally. This book gives an insight into the evolution of weapons and the way they influenced international relations in the 20th and 21st centuries. It also defines Revolution in Military Affairs as manifested via policy, politics, and technology. It reviews some models which are useful in assessing the current geopolitical situation. This book also tries to give a forecast of the future development of warfare and the ways in which it is going to change the whole system of the international relations, hopefully towards a new geopolitical equilibrium.

Another View of the Revolution in Military Affairs

Download Another View of the Revolution in Military Affairs PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781463678869
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (788 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Another View of the Revolution in Military Affairs by : Jeffrey R. Cooper

Download or read book Another View of the Revolution in Military Affairs written by Jeffrey R. Cooper and published by . This book was released on 1994-07-15 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In April 1994, the Army War College and the Strategic Studies Institute hosted the Fifth Annual Strategy Conference. The theme of this year's conference was "The Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA): Defining an Army for the 21st Century." Jeffrey R. Cooper presented the following paper as part of an opening panel which sought to define the RMA. Mr. Cooper urges defense planners to determine what strategic--as opposed to operational--benefits might be derived from the RMA. He contends that making the internal reforms that will be required will be as challenging as coming to terms with the operational and strategic implications of the new technologies. The first requirement is to understand the parameters and dynamics of this particular revolution in military affairs. Mr. Cooper puts the RMA in historical perspective by discussing the relationships among technology, socioeconomic, and political change, and their implications for warfare during the Napoleonic era, the mid-19th century, and World Wars I and II. He argues that, in the past, dramatic technological change affected warfare in different ways. Mr. Cooper warns that by using the RMA to define a "technical legacy" we make three errors. First, such an approach could lead to a fruitless search for a "silver bullet" technology on which to build the RMA. Second, the focus on technology could shift attention away from the critical issues of purpose, strategy, doctrine, operational innovation, and organizational adaptation. Finally, committing the first two errors will compound the problem by wasting very scarce defense resources on new programs and projects which may have little or nothing to do with the strategic situation. Military professionals and defense planners alike need to remind themselves that while technology can provide new capabilities, the strategic equation is not necessarily driven by technological innovation.

The Revolution in Military Affairs

Download The Revolution in Military Affairs PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0788183923
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (881 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Revolution in Military Affairs by : Robbin F. Laird

Download or read book The Revolution in Military Affairs written by Robbin F. Laird and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revolution in military affairs (RMA) is an American concept that frames a debate about the restructuring of American military forces in the period of globalization of the American economy. A core task for U.S. allies is to seek to understand the American debate & to identify opportunities for & the risks to themselves in variant patterns of development of the American military in the years ahead. Chapters: the American strategic challenge; the American approach to the RMA: a baseline; the RMA & regional allies: the Asian case; Europe & the RMA; France & Germany & the RMA; & reflections on the U.S.-European military technology gap.Ó

The Revolution in Military Affairs

Download The Revolution in Military Affairs PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781463708795
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (87 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Revolution in Military Affairs by : Earl H. Tilford (Jr.)

Download or read book The Revolution in Military Affairs written by Earl H. Tilford (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 1995-06-23 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) is taking place against the background of a larger historical watershed involving the end of the Cold War and the advent of what Alvin and Heidi Toffler have termed "the Information Age." In this essay, Dr. Earl Tilford argues that RMAs are driven by more than breakthrough technologies, and that while the technological component is important, a true revolution in the way military institutions organize, equip and train for war, and in the way war is itself conducted, depends on the confluence of political, social, and technological factors. After an overview of the dynamics of the RMA, Dr. Tilford makes the case that interservice rivalry and a reintroduction of the managerial ethos, this time under the guise of total quality management (TQM), may be the consequences of this revolution. In the final analysis, warfare is quintessentially a human endeavor. Technology and technologically sophisticated weapons are only means to an end. The U.S. Army, along with the other services, is embracing the RMA as it downsizes and restructures itself into Force XXI. Warfare, even on the digitized battlefield, is likely to remain unpredictable, bloody, and horrific. Military professionals cannot afford to be anything other than well prepared for whatever challenges lie ahead, be it war with an Information Age peer competitor, a force of guerrillas out of the Agrarian Age, or a band of terrorists using the latest in high-tech weaponry. While Dr. Tilford is optimistic about the prospects for Force XXI, what follows is not an unqualified endorsement of the RMA or of the Army's transition to an Information Age force. By examining issues and problems that were attendant to previous RMAs, Dr. Tilford raises questions that ought to be asked by the Army as it moves toward Force XXI. Warfare is, the author reminds us, the most complex of human undertakings and the victors, even in the Information Age, will be those who, as in the past, are masters of the art-as well as the science-of war.

The Revolution in Military Affairs

Download The Revolution in Military Affairs PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
ISBN 13 : 9780773523944
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (239 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Revolution in Military Affairs by : Elinor Camille Sloan

Download or read book The Revolution in Military Affairs written by Elinor Camille Sloan and published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. This book was released on 2002 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The campaign in Afghanistan, the Gulf war, and Kosovo show how advances in information technology are driving a high-tech revolution in military affairs (RMA). This text outlines elements of the RMA and examines efforts of the US, and NATO.

Reassessing the Revolution in Military Affairs

Download Reassessing the Revolution in Military Affairs PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137513764
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (375 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Reassessing the Revolution in Military Affairs by : Andrew Futter

Download or read book Reassessing the Revolution in Military Affairs written by Andrew Futter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-12 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A generation after the First Gulf War, and in the wake of a decade of counterinsurgency operations and irregular warfare, this book explores how the concept of the Revolution in Military Affairs continues to shape the way modern militaries across the globe think about, plan and fight wars.

The Revolution in Military Affairs

Download The Revolution in Military Affairs PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (443 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Revolution in Military Affairs by :

Download or read book The Revolution in Military Affairs written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) is taking place against the background of a larger historical watershed involving the end of the Cold War and the advent of what Alvin and Heidi Toffler have termed "the Information Age." In this essay, Dr. Earl Tilford argues that RMAs are driven by more than breakthrough technologies, and that while the technological component is important, a true revolution in the way military institutions organize, equip and train for war, and in the way war is itself conducted, depends on the confluence of political, social, and technological factors. After an overview of the dynamics of the RMA, Dr. Tilford makes the case that interservice rivalry and a reintroduction of the managerial ethos, this time under the guise of total quality management (TQM), may be the consequences of this revolution. In the final analysis, warfare is quintessentially a human endeavor. Technology and technologically sophisticated weapons are only means to an end. The U.S. Army, along with the other services, is embracing the RMA as it downsizes and restructures itself into Force XXI. Warfare, even on the digitized battlefield, is likely to remain unpredictable, bloody, and horrific. Military professionals cannot afford to be anything other than well-prepared for whatever challenges lie ahead, be it war with an Information Age peer competitor, a force of guerrillas out of the Agrarian Age, or a band of terrorists using the latest in high-tech weaponry. While Dr. Tilford is optimistic about the prospects for Force XXI, what follows is not an unqualified endorsement of the RMA or of the Army's transition to an Information Age force.

Information Dominance

Download Information Dominance PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 4 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Information Dominance by : Martin C. Libicki

Download or read book Information Dominance written by Martin C. Libicki and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information dominance may be defined as superiority in the generation, manipulation, and use of information sufficient to afford its possessors military dominance. It has three sources: Command and control that permits everyone to know where they (and their cohorts) are in the battlespace, and enables them to execute operations when and as quickly as necessary; Intelligence that ranges from knowing the enemy's dispositions to knowing the location of enemy assets in real-time with sufficient precision for a one-shot kill; information warfare that confounds enemy information systems at various points (sensors, communications, processing, and command), while protecting one's own. Technical means, nevertheless, are no substitute for information dominance at the strategic level: knowing oneself and one's enemy; and, at best, inducing them to see things as one does.

Strategy for Chaos

Download Strategy for Chaos PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0203339258
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (33 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Strategy for Chaos by : Colin Gray

Download or read book Strategy for Chaos written by Colin Gray and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-03-25 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, Professor Colin Gray develops and applies the theory and scholarship on the allegedly historical practice of the 'Revolution in Military Affairs' (RMA), in order to improve our comprehension of how and why strategy 'works'. The author explores the RMA hypothesis both theoretically and historically. The book argues that the conduct of an RMA has to be examined as a form of strategic behaviour, which means that, of necessity, it must "work" as strategy works. The great RMA debate of the 1990s is reviewed empathetically, though sceptically, by the author, with every major school of thought allowed its day in court. The author presents three historical RMAs as case studies for his argument: those arguably revealed in the wars of the French Revolution and Napoleon; in World War I; and in the nuclear age. The focus of his analysis is how these grand RMAs functioned strategically. The conclusions that he draws from these empirical exercises are then applied to help us understand what, indeed, is - and what is not - happening with the much vaunted information-technology-led RMA of today.

The Revolution in Military Affairs

Download The Revolution in Military Affairs PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 4 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Revolution in Military Affairs by : James Hazlett

Download or read book The Revolution in Military Affairs written by James Hazlett and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Influence of Strategic and Organizational Cultures on the Revolution in Military Affairs (Rma) Within the U.S. Army - Analysis of the Interwar Per

Download The Influence of Strategic and Organizational Cultures on the Revolution in Military Affairs (Rma) Within the U.S. Army - Analysis of the Interwar Per PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 : 9781798997017
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (97 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Influence of Strategic and Organizational Cultures on the Revolution in Military Affairs (Rma) Within the U.S. Army - Analysis of the Interwar Per by : U. S. Military

Download or read book The Influence of Strategic and Organizational Cultures on the Revolution in Military Affairs (Rma) Within the U.S. Army - Analysis of the Interwar Per written by U. S. Military and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-03-07 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study explores the influence of culture on the requirements for a Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA). It assesses how cultural factors at the strategic and the U.S. Army organizational levels may affect the changes required for realizing an RMA. Defined as a paradigmatic shift in the conduct of military affairs spurred by the confluence of organizational change with new and existing technologies and concepts of operations, the RMA has long been a controversial analytical construct. This thesis accepts the premise that the history of warfare can be interpreted as a series of RMAs. It explores the complex and powerful influence of American strategic culture and the organizational culture of the U.S. Army on the organizational, doctrinal, technology, funding and other factors vital to the realization of an RMA. The study compares the influence of U.S. strategic and Army organizational culture on the RMA during the interwar period (1919-1941) and the contemporary period (since the 2011 withdrawal of U.S. combat forces from Iraq) to highlight similarities and differences that U.S. military and civilian leaders can learn from to change the paradigm of military affairs in America's favor.This compilation includes a reproduction of the 2019 Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community. I. INTRODUCTION * A. RESEARCH INQUIRY * B. RESEARCH CHALLENGES * C. LITERATURE REVIEW * 1. Strategic Culture * a. The First Generation of Literature on Strategic Culture * b. The Second Generation of Literature on Strategic Culture * c. The Third Generation of Literature on Strategic Culture * 2. Organizational Culture * a. Approaches to Defining Organizational Culture * b. Approaches to Studying Culture * D. U.S. SECURITY STRATEGY AND U.S. ARMY TRANSFORMATION * 1. The Interwar Period * a. Strategy * b. U.S. Army Transformation * 2. Contemporary Period since the Iraq War * a. Strategy * b. U.S. Army Transformation * E. METHODS AND SOURCES * F. THESIS ORGANIZATION * II. INFLUENCE OF INTERWAR CULTURE ON THE REVOLUTION IN MILITARY AFFAIRS * A. STRATEGIC CULTURE * 1. Interwar Era U.S. Politics, Defense Policy and the RMA * 2. The American Way of War and the RMA (Interwar Period) * 3. Force and Diplomacy in U.S. Foreign Policy and the RMA * 4. The National Cognitive Style and the RMA (Interwar Era) * B. U.S. ARMY CULTURE AND THE RMA IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD * 1. Army Doctrine, Change and the RMA in the Interwar Period * 2. Army Organization, Change and the RMA in the Interwar Period * 3. Army Materiel, Change and the RMA in the Interwar Period * C. CONCLUSION * III. INFLUENCE OF CONTEMPORARY CULTURE ON THE REVOLUTION IN MILITARY AFFAIRS * A. STRATEGIC CULTURE AND THE RMA IN THE CONTEMPORARY PERIOD (2011-PRESENT) * 1. Contemporary U.S. Politics, Defense Policy and the RMA * 2. The American Way of War, and the RMA * 3. Force and Diplomacy in U.S. Foreign Policy and the RMA * 4. The National Cognitive Style and the RMA * B. U.S. ARMY CULTURE AND THE RMA IN THE CONTEMPORARY PERIOD * 1. Army Doctrine Change and the RMA in the Contemporary Period * 2. Army Organization, Change and the RMA in the Contemporary Period * 3. Army Materiel, Change and the RMA in the Contemporary Period * C. CONCLUSION * IV. MANAGING CULTURE TO ACHIEVE AN RMA * A. MANAGING STRATEGIC CULTURE TO ACHIEVE AN RMA * 1. U.S. Politics, Defense Policy and the RMA * 2. The American Way of War * 3. Force and Diplomacy in U.S. Foreign Policy and the RMA * 4. The National Cognitive Style and the RMA * B. MANAGING ARMY CULTURE IN PURSUIT OF AN RMA * V. CONCLUSION

Another View of the Revolution in Military Affairs

Download Another View of the Revolution in Military Affairs PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781481208369
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (83 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Another View of the Revolution in Military Affairs by : Jeffrey R. Cooper

Download or read book Another View of the Revolution in Military Affairs written by Jeffrey R. Cooper and published by . This book was released on 2012-12-09 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In April 1994, the Army War College and the Strategic Studies Institute hosted the Fifth Annual Strategy Conference. The theme of this year's conference was "The Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA): Defining an Army for the 21st Century." Jeffrey R. Cooper presented the following paper as part of an opening panel which sought to define the RMA. Mr. Cooper urges defense planners to determine what strategic--as opposed to operational--benefits might be derived from the RMA. He contends that making the internal reforms that will be required will be as challenging as coming to terms with the operational and strategic implications of the new technologies. The first requirement is to understand the parameters and dynamics of this particular revolution in military affairs. Mr. Cooper puts the RMA in historical perspective by discussing the relationships among technology, socioeconomic, and political change, and their implications for warfare during the Napoleonic era, the mid-19th century, and World Wars I and II. He argues that, in the past, dramatic technological change affected warfare in different ways.

Thinking About Revolutions in Military Affairs

Download Thinking About Revolutions in Military Affairs PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (455 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Thinking About Revolutions in Military Affairs by :

Download or read book Thinking About Revolutions in Military Affairs written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term revolution in military affairs (RMA) is a buzzword inside the Beltway and among academics interested in defense affairs. As Dennis Schowalter noted at a recent conference, "RMA has replaced TQM total quality management as the acronym of choice among members of the Armed Forces. One suspects that much of this enthusiasm, which rests upon only the slightest knowledge of the historical record, may distort as much as it helps in thinking about military change and innovation. Yet one must also admit that military events of late suggest major changes in technology and weapons with substantial implications for conducting war in the next century. This article suggests how one might think about RMAs of the past and the implications of the historical record for the future. The views reflect the influence, comments, and thoughts of colleagues in the historical profession. First, historians have done relatively little work on RMAs. Michael Roberts introduced the idea of a single military revolution in his inaugural lecture at Queens University Belfast in 1955. Thereafter until 1991, interest in the military revolution was focused on the 16th and 17th centuries; early modern historians argued among themselves about whether there was such a revolution and, if so, when it occurred and what form it took. That debate continues. Since the mid-18th century, however, military historians have concentrated on other issues such as innovation, effectiveness, adaptation, organizational behavior, or-the bread and butter of the profession-battle histories. Modern historians quite simply have not been very interested in military revolutions.

The Revolution in Military Affairs

Download The Revolution in Military Affairs PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781483944968
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (449 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Revolution in Military Affairs by : Earl Tilford

Download or read book The Revolution in Military Affairs written by Earl Tilford and published by . This book was released on 2013-04-03 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A characteristic of the American way of war is our fascination with technology and the search for that technological "silver bullet" that will deliver victory quickly and with a minimum of loss of life. The current Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) is driven by rapid technological advance fostered by the advent of the microprocessor and by decreased defense spending. It operates against the background of a historical watershed brought about by the end of the Cold War. The RMA has been embraced by all the United States' military services; especially the Air Force and the Army. As the Army downsizes it is seeking to change itself into Force XXI; a strategic force, trained and ready, to fight and win the nation's wars in the 21st century. That we are in the midst of a true revolution in military affairs is evident. What it may mean for the Army and the nation is not so evident. This monograph outlines where the Army is going as it seeks to define change rather than be defined by change. It also looks to the past to ask what have been the results of change during past RMAs? Accelerated interservice rivalries and over-reliance on management systems marked the last RMA, one driven by the advent of atomic weapons at the end of World War II and the relatively stable and sparse defense budgets of the 1950s. The author argues that the consequence of interservice rivalry and the institutionalization of the managerial ethos was defeat in Vietnam. Finally, the author warns against becoming so entranced with the sophisticated technologies of the RMA that we lose both our grounding in strategic thinking and our basic warrior skills. To do so could be potentially disastrous when two peer competitor forces meet on the 21st century battlefield and, quite possibly, cancel each other out electronically. Then, it will be the side which is able to fight at the lower "gut level" of warfare that will prevail.