Male and Female Competitive Behavior - Experimental Evidence

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Male and Female Competitive Behavior - Experimental Evidence by : Nabanita Datta Gupta

Download or read book Male and Female Competitive Behavior - Experimental Evidence written by Nabanita Datta Gupta and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Male and female choices differ in many economic situations, e.g., on the labor market. This paper considers whether such differences are driven by different attitudes towards competition. In our experiment subjects choose between a tournament and a piece-rate pay scheme before performing a real task. Men choose the tournament significantly more often than women. Women are mainly influenced by their degree of risk aversion, but men are not. Men compete more against men than against women, but compete against women who are thought to compete. The behavior of men seems primarily to be influenced by social norms whose nature and origin we discuss.

Male and Female Competitive Behavior

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (425 download)

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Book Synopsis Male and Female Competitive Behavior by : Nabanita Datta Gupta

Download or read book Male and Female Competitive Behavior written by Nabanita Datta Gupta and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Oxford Handbook of Women and the Economy

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190878266
Total Pages : 889 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Women and the Economy by : Susan L. Averett

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Women and the Economy written by Susan L. Averett and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-15 with total page 889 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transformation of women's lives over the past century is among the most significant and far-reaching of social and economic phenomena, affecting not only women but also their partners, children, and indeed nearly every person on the planet. In developed and developing countries alike, women are acquiring more education, marrying later, having fewer children, and spending a far greater amount of their adult lives in the labor force. Yet, because women remain the primary caregivers of children, issues such as work-life balance and the glass ceiling have given rise to critical policy discussions in the developed world. In developing countries, many women lack access to reproductive technology and are often relegated to jobs in the informal sector, where pay is variable and job security is weak. Considerable occupational segregation and stubborn gender pay gaps persist around the world. The Oxford Handbook of Women and the Economy is the first comprehensive collection of scholarly essays to address these issues using the powerful framework of economics. Each chapter, written by an acknowledged expert or team of experts, reviews the key trends, surveys the relevant economic theory, and summarizes and critiques the empirical research literature. By providing a clear-eyed view of what we know, what we do not know, and what the critical unanswered questions are, this Handbook provides an invaluable and wide-ranging examination of the many changes that have occurred in women's economic lives.

Handbook of Experimental Economics Results

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444826424
Total Pages : 1175 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (448 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Experimental Economics Results by : Charles R. Plott

Download or read book Handbook of Experimental Economics Results written by Charles R. Plott and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-08-21 with total page 1175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the field of economics makes sharp distinctions and produces precise theory, the work of experimental economics sometimes appears blurred and may produce uncertain results. The contributors to this volume have provided brief notes describing specific experimental results.

Male Choice, Female Competition, and Female Ornaments in Sexual Selection

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198818947
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Male Choice, Female Competition, and Female Ornaments in Sexual Selection by : Ingo Schlupp

Download or read book Male Choice, Female Competition, and Female Ornaments in Sexual Selection written by Ingo Schlupp and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Charles Darwin first proposed Sexual Selection Theory, he suggested two mechanisms: competition among males and choice by females. Although their importance is long established and extremely well understood, their mirror images have remained largely underappreciated; males also choose, and females also compete. The combination of male mate choice (MMC) and female competition (FC) may be one of the most overlooked yet important and intriguing phenomena in modern sexual selection theory. This novel text reviews our current understanding of MMC and FC, highlighting the important connections between them. It places both concepts in the context of related fields such as female choice, mating systems, and sexual selection theory more broadly. A truly holistic approach is provided which takes all the relevant elements into consideration, especially the relative roles of MMC and FC, female ornamentation, their evolutionary consequences, and their genetic basis. Considering male mate choice and female competition in this way as effectively two sides of the same coin creates a powerful paradigm for a more complete understanding of sexual selection. Male Choice, Female Competition, and Female Ornaments in Sexual Selection will be suitable for both graduate students and researchers interested in sexual selection from an evolutionary, psychological, and anthropological perspective. It will also appeal to a broader audience of behavioural ecologists and evolutionary psychologists.

Gender and Competition

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (466 download)

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Book Synopsis Gender and Competition by : Alison L. Booth

Download or read book Gender and Competition written by Alison L. Booth and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In almost all European Union countries, the gender wage gap is increasing across the wages distribution. In this lecture I briefly survey some recent studies aiming to explain why apparently identical women and men receive such different returns and focus especially on those incorporating pyschological factors as an explanation of the gender gap. Research areas with high potential returns to further analysis are identified. Several examples from my own recent experimental work with Patrick Nolen are also presented. These try to distinguish between the role of nature and nurture in affecting behavioural differences between men and women that might lead to gender wage gaps.

Ecology and Evolution of Dung Beetles

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1444333151
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (443 download)

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Book Synopsis Ecology and Evolution of Dung Beetles by : Leigh W. Simmons

Download or read book Ecology and Evolution of Dung Beetles written by Leigh W. Simmons and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-05-06 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the evolutionary and ecological consequences of reproductive competition for scarabaeine dung beetles. As well as giving us insight into the private lives of these fascinating creatures, this book shows how dung beetles can be used as model systems for improving our general understanding of broad evolutionary and ecological processes, and how they generate biological diversity. Over the last few decades we have begun to see further than ever before, with our research efforts yielding new information at all levels of analysis, from whole organism biology to genomics. This book brings together leading researchers who contribute chapters that integrate our current knowledge of phylogenetics and evolution, developmental biology, comparative morphology, physiology, behaviour, and population and community ecology. Dung beetle research is shedding light on the ultimate question of how best to document and conserve the world's biodiversity. The book will be of interest to established researchers, university teachers, research students, conservation biologists, and those wanting to know more about the dung beetle taxon.

A Comparison of Competitive Behavior in Males and Females in Varying Situations

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (544 download)

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Book Synopsis A Comparison of Competitive Behavior in Males and Females in Varying Situations by : Regenia Adele Pillitteri

Download or read book A Comparison of Competitive Behavior in Males and Females in Varying Situations written by Regenia Adele Pillitteri and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

How Uncertainty and Ambiguity in Tournaments Affect Gender Differences in Competitive Behavior

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis How Uncertainty and Ambiguity in Tournaments Affect Gender Differences in Competitive Behavior by : Loukas Balafoutas

Download or read book How Uncertainty and Ambiguity in Tournaments Affect Gender Differences in Competitive Behavior written by Loukas Balafoutas and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tournament incentives prevail in labor markets, in particular with respect to promotions. Yet, it is often unclear to competitors how many winners there will be or how many applicants compete in the tournament. While it is hard to measure how this uncertainty affects work performance and willingness to compete in the field, it can be studied in a controlled lab experiment. We present a novel experiment where subjects can compete against each other, but where the number of winners is either uncertain (i.e., unknown numbers of winners, but known probabilities) or ambiguous (unknown probabilities for different numbers of winners). We compare these two conditions with a control treatment with a known number of winners. We find that ambiguity induces a significant increase in performance of men, while we observe no change for women. Both men and women increase their willingness to enter competition with uncertainty and ambiguity, but men react slightly more than women. Overall, both effects contribute to men winning the tournament significantly more often than women under uncertainty and ambiguity. Hence, previous experiments on gender differences in competition may have measured a lower bound of differences between men and women.

Animal Weapons

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Publisher : Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 0805094504
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Animal Weapons by : Douglas J. Emlen

Download or read book Animal Weapons written by Douglas J. Emlen and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2014-11-11 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emlen takes us outside the lab and deep into the forests and jungles where he's been studying animal weapons in nature for years, to explain the processes behind the most intriguing and curious examples of extreme animal weapons. As singular and strange as some of the weapons we encounter on these pages are, we learn that similar factors set their evolution in motion. Emlen uses these patterns to draw parallels to the way we humans develop and employ our own weapons, and have since battle began.

From Barbie® to Mortal Kombat

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262531689
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (316 download)

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Book Synopsis From Barbie® to Mortal Kombat by : Justine Cassell

Download or read book From Barbie® to Mortal Kombat written by Justine Cassell and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2000-02-28 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Girls and computer games—and the movement to overcome the stereotyping that dominates the toy aisles. Many parents worry about the influence of video games on their children's lives. The game console may help to prepare children for participation in the digital world, but at the same time it socializes boys into misogyny and excludes girls from all but the most objectified positions. The new "girls' games" movement has addressed these concerns. Although many people associate video games mainly with boys, the girls games' movement has emerged from an unusual alliance between feminist activists (who want to change the "gendering" of digital technology) and industry leaders (who want to create a girls' market for their games). The contributors to From Barbie® to Mortal Kombat explore how assumptions about gender, games, and technology shape the design, development, and marketing of games as industry seeks to build the girl market. They describe and analyze the games currently on the market and propose tactical approaches for avoiding the stereotypes that dominate most toy store aisles. The lively mix of perspectives and voices includes those of media and technology scholars, educators, psychologists, developers of today's leading games, industry insiders, and girl gamers. Contributors Aurora, Dorothy Bennett, Stephanie Bergman, Cornelia Brunner, Mary Bryson, Lee McEnany Caraher, Justine Cassell, Suzanne de Castell, Nikki Douglas, Theresa Duncan, Monica Gesue, Michelle Goulet, Patricia Greenfield, Margaret Honey, Henry Jenkins, Cal Jones, Yasmin Kafai, Heather Kelley, Marsha Kinder, Brenda Laurel, Nancie Martin, Aliza Sherman, Kaveri Subrahmanyam

The Oxford Handbook of Women and Competition

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199376379
Total Pages : 857 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Women and Competition by : Maryanne Fisher

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Women and Competition written by Maryanne Fisher and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 857 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Women and Competition is one of the first scholarly volumes to focus specifically on competition and the competitive forces between women. Chapters provide readers with a definitive view of the current state of research, and collectively address the adaptive and socio-cultural foundations of women's competitive behavior, motivations, and cognitions.

Constraints and Preferences

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Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110881063
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Constraints and Preferences by : Katarzyna Dziubalska-Kolaczyk

Download or read book Constraints and Preferences written by Katarzyna Dziubalska-Kolaczyk and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-06-24 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The central theme of this collection is the epistemological status of constraints and preferences in linguistics. The contributions focus mainly on phonology; one article deals explicitly with morphology. The approaches to phonology represented in the volume are those of Natural Phonology, Government Phonology, Optimality Theory, autosegemental phonology, and computational phonology. Constraints are juxtaposed either to rules or to preferences in the discussion of constraint-based vs. preference-based theories.

Choosing to Compete

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Choosing to Compete by : Alison L. Booth

Download or read book Choosing to Compete written by Alison L. Booth and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Gender Differences in Interpersonal and Intrapersonal Competitive Behavior

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 25 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Gender Differences in Interpersonal and Intrapersonal Competitive Behavior by : Jeffrey P. Carpenter

Download or read book Gender Differences in Interpersonal and Intrapersonal Competitive Behavior written by Jeffrey P. Carpenter and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gender differences in competitive behavior have been well documented by economists and other social scientists; however, the bulk of the research addresses competition with others and excludes other economically relevant competition that may contribute to the gender pay gap. In this paper, we ask: How does gender affect how individuals react to competition against themselves? In a laboratory experiment in which some subjects compete against others and some compete against themselves, we find women select into intrapersonal competition at significantly higher rates than interpersonal competition, the first such findings. We find perseverance or "grit" to be a poor predictor of interpersonal competition selection, but find familial effects such as parent's education and number of brothers to be correlated with competition selection.

Gender and Competition

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Gender and Competition by : René Böheim

Download or read book Gender and Competition written by René Böheim and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze if female athletes differ from male athletes in their competitive behavior, using data from high jump and pole vault competitions. We estimate if female athletes use risky strategies as often as male athletes and whether or not their returns to risky strategies differ. Returns to risky strategies are identified via an instrumental variable approach where we use other athletes' declarations as instruments for individual risk taking. We find that women use risky strategies less often than men, although their returns are significantly greater than men's. We also find that women's returns to risky strategies do not differ between relatively low and relatively high risk situations, whereas male athletes' returns decrease in the level of risk. Our results show considerable differences between male and female professional athletes which are likely to be a lower bound of overall gender differences in risk-taking behavior.

The Behavior of Women and Men

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Publisher : Monterey, Calif. : Brooks/Cole Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9780818501777
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Behavior of Women and Men by : Kay Deaux

Download or read book The Behavior of Women and Men written by Kay Deaux and published by Monterey, Calif. : Brooks/Cole Publishing Company. This book was released on 1976 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: