Making Medical Knowledge

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Making Medical Knowledge

Author : Miriam Solomon
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0198732619
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Making Medical Knowledge by : Miriam Solomon

Download or read book Making Medical Knowledge written by Miriam Solomon and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How is medical knowledge made? New methods for research and clinical care have reshaped the practices of medical knowledge production over the last forty years. Consensus conferences, evidence-based medicine, translational medicine, and narrative medicine are among the most prominent new methods. Making Medical Knowledge explores their origins and aims, their epistemic strengths, and their epistemic weaknesses. Miriam Solomon argues that the familiar dichotomy between the art and the science of medicine is not adequate for understanding this plurality of methods. The book begins by tracing the development of medical consensus conferences, from their beginning at the United States' National Institutes of Health in 1977, to their widespread adoption in national and international contexts. It discusses consensus conferences as social epistemic institutions designed to embody democracy and achieve objectivity. Evidence-based medicine, which developed next, ranks expert consensus at the bottom of the evidence hierarchy, thus challenging the authority of consensus conferences. Evidence-based medicine has transformed both medical research and clinical medicine in many positive ways, but it has also been accused of creating an intellectual hegemony that has marginalized crucial stages of scientific research, particularly scientific discovery. Translational medicine is understood as a response to the shortfalls of both consensus conferences and evidence-based medicine. Narrative medicine is the most prominent recent development in the medical humanities. Its central claim is that attention to narrative is essential for patient care. Solomon argues that the differences between narrative medicine and the other methods have been exaggerated, and offers a pluralistic account of how the all the methods interact and sometimes conflict. The result is both practical and theoretical suggestions for how to improve medical knowledge and understand medical controversies.

From Patient Data to Medical Knowledge

Author : Paul Taylor
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 047099469X
Total Pages : 20063 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (79 download)

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Book Synopsis From Patient Data to Medical Knowledge by : Paul Taylor

Download or read book From Patient Data to Medical Knowledge written by Paul Taylor and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 20063 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can you make the best use of patient data to improve health outcomes? More and more information about patients' health is stored on increasingly interconnected computer systems. But is it shared in ways that help clinicians care for patients? Could it be better used as a resource for researchers? This book is aimed at all those who want to learn about how IT is transforming the way we think about medicine and medical research. The ideas explored here are taken from research carried out around the world, and are presented by a leading authority in Health Informatics based at University College London. This comprehensive guide to the field is split into three sections: What is health informatics? – an introduction Techniques for representing and analysing patient data and medical knowledge Implementation in the clinical setting: changing practice to improve health care outcomes Whether you are a health professional, NHS manager or IT specialist, this book will help you understand how data can be managed to provide the information you and your colleagues want in the most helpful and accessible way for both you and your patients.

Making Medical Knowledge

Author : Miriam Solomon
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191046973
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Making Medical Knowledge by : Miriam Solomon

Download or read book Making Medical Knowledge written by Miriam Solomon and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2015-04-03 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How is medical knowledge made? New methods for research and clinical care have reshaped the practices of medical knowledge production over the last forty years. Consensus conferences, evidence-based medicine, translational medicine, and narrative medicine are among the most prominent new methods. Making Medical Knowledge explores their origins and aims, their epistemic strengths, and their epistemic weaknesses. Miriam Solomon argues that the familiar dichotomy between the art and the science of medicine is not adequate for understanding this plurality of methods. The book begins by tracing the development of medical consensus conferences, from their beginning at the United States' National Institutes of Health in 1977, to their widespread adoption in national and international contexts. It discusses consensus conferences as social epistemic institutions designed to embody democracy and achieve objectivity. Evidence-based medicine, which developed next, ranks expert consensus at the bottom of the evidence hierarchy, thus challenging the authority of consensus conferences. Evidence-based medicine has transformed both medical research and clinical medicine in many positive ways, but it has also been accused of creating an intellectual hegemony that has marginalized crucial stages of scientific research, particularly scientific discovery. Translational medicine is understood as a response to the shortfalls of both consensus conferences and evidence-based medicine. Narrative medicine is the most prominent recent development in the medical humanities. Its central claim is that attention to narrative is essential for patient care. Solomon argues that the differences between narrative medicine and the other methods have been exaggerated, and offers a pluralistic account of how the all the methods interact and sometimes conflict. The result is both practical and theoretical suggestions for how to improve medical knowledge and understand medical controversies.

Medical Reasoning

Author : Erwin B. Montgomery (Jr.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0190912928
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Medical Reasoning by : Erwin B. Montgomery (Jr.)

Download or read book Medical Reasoning written by Erwin B. Montgomery (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern medicine is one of humankind's greatest achievements.Yet today, frequent medical errors and irreproducibility in biomedical research suggest that tremendous challenges beset it. Understanding these challenges and trying to remedy them have driven considerable and thoughtful critical analyses, but the apparent intransigence of these problems suggests a different perspective is needed. Now more than ever, when we see options and opportunities for healthcare expanding while resources are diminishing, it is extremely important that healthcare professionals practice medicine wisely. In Medical Reasoning, neurologist Erwin B. Montgomery, Jr. offers a new and vital perspective. He begins with the idea that the need for certainty in medical decision-making has been the primary driving force in medical reasoning. Doctors must routinely confront countless manifestations of symptoms, diseases, or behaviors in their patients. Therefore, either there are as many different "diseases" as there are patients or some economical set of principles and facts can be combined to explain each patient's disease. The response to this epistemic conundrum has driven medicine throughout history: the challenge is to discover principles and facts and then to develop means to apply them to each unique patient in a manner that provides certainty. This book studies the nature of medical decision making systematically and rigorously in both an analytic and historical context, addressing medicine's unique need for certainty in the face of the enormous variety of diseases and in the manifestations of the same disease in different patients. The book also examines how the social, legal, and economic circumstances in which medical decision-making occurs greatly influence the nature of medical reasoning. Medical Reasoning is essential for those at the intersection of healthcare and philosophy.

Medical Journals and Medical Knowledge

Author : William F. Bynum
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429664524
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)

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Book Synopsis Medical Journals and Medical Knowledge by : William F. Bynum

Download or read book Medical Journals and Medical Knowledge written by William F. Bynum and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-01-15 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1992 Medical Journals and Medical Knowledge examines both broad developments in print and media and the practice of particular journals such as the British Medical Journal. The book is the first study to address these questions and to examine the impact of regular news on the making of the medical community. The book considers the rise of the medical press, and looks at how it recorded and described principal developments and so promoted medical science and enhanced medical consciousness. This book was a seminal work when first published and was one of the first to consider the importance of the roots of medical journalism, editorial practices and the ways in which the medical journalism altered the world of medicine.

Medicalizing Blackness

Author : Rana A. Hogarth
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469632888
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis Medicalizing Blackness by : Rana A. Hogarth

Download or read book Medicalizing Blackness written by Rana A. Hogarth and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2017-09-26 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1748, as yellow fever raged in Charleston, South Carolina, doctor John Lining remarked, "There is something very singular in the constitution of the Negroes, which renders them not liable to this fever." Lining's comments presaged ideas about blackness that would endure in medical discourses and beyond. In this fascinating medical history, Rana A. Hogarth examines the creation and circulation of medical ideas about blackness in the Atlantic World during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. She shows how white physicians deployed blackness as a medically significant marker of difference and used medical knowledge to improve plantation labor efficiency, safeguard colonial and civic interests, and enhance control over black bodies during the era of slavery. Hogarth refigures Atlantic slave societies as medical frontiers of knowledge production on the topic of racial difference. Rather than looking to their counterparts in Europe who collected and dissected bodies to gain knowledge about race, white physicians in Atlantic slaveholding regions created and tested ideas about race based on the contexts in which they lived and practiced. What emerges in sharp relief is the ways in which blackness was reified in medical discourses and used to perpetuate notions of white supremacy.

Knowledge Coupling

Author : Lawrence L. Weed
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461231507
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge Coupling by : Lawrence L. Weed

Download or read book Knowledge Coupling written by Lawrence L. Weed and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge Coupling discusses the premises upon which the coupling of knowledge to every action is based in the practice of medicine, as well as why these premises must change. In concrete terms, the volume explores the methods of structuring and using medical knowledge and medical records that enables implementation of new premises; it sets forth a specific approach to use of the computer. The work examines the new roles and skills that will be demanded of both patients and health care providers within the system based on these new premises. The author takes into account the broad implications of his philosophy for the social, economic, educational, and political structuring of the health care system.

Knowledge and the Scholarly Medical Traditions

Author : Donald George Bates
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521499750
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge and the Scholarly Medical Traditions by : Donald George Bates

Download or read book Knowledge and the Scholarly Medical Traditions written by Donald George Bates and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-11-02 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: However much the three great traditions of medicine - Galenic, Chinese and Ayurvedic - differed from each other, they had one thing in common: scholarship. The foundational knowledge of each could only be acquired by careful study under teachers relying on ancient texts. Such medical knowledge is special, operating as it does in the realm of the most fundamental human experiences - health, disease, suffering, birth and death - and the credibility of healers is of crucial importance. Because of this, scholarly medical knowledge offers a rich field for the study of different cultural practices in the legitimation of knowledge generally. The contributors to this volume are all specialists in the history or anthropology of these traditions, and their essays range from historical investigations to studies of present-day practices.

Deep Medicine

Author : Eric Topol
Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 1541644646
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (416 download)

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Book Synopsis Deep Medicine by : Eric Topol

Download or read book Deep Medicine written by Eric Topol and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2019-03-12 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Science Friday pick for book of the year, 2019 One of America's top doctors reveals how AI will empower physicians and revolutionize patient care Medicine has become inhuman, to disastrous effect. The doctor-patient relationship--the heart of medicine--is broken: doctors are too distracted and overwhelmed to truly connect with their patients, and medical errors and misdiagnoses abound. In Deep Medicine, leading physician Eric Topol reveals how artificial intelligence can help. AI has the potential to transform everything doctors do, from notetaking and medical scans to diagnosis and treatment, greatly cutting down the cost of medicine and reducing human mortality. By freeing physicians from the tasks that interfere with human connection, AI will create space for the real healing that takes place between a doctor who can listen and a patient who needs to be heard. Innovative, provocative, and hopeful, Deep Medicine shows us how the awesome power of AI can make medicine better, for all the humans involved.

Your Medical Mind

Author : Jerome Groopman
Publisher : Penguin Books
ISBN 13 : 014312224X
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (431 download)

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Book Synopsis Your Medical Mind by : Jerome Groopman

Download or read book Your Medical Mind written by Jerome Groopman and published by Penguin Books. This book was released on 2012-08-28 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drs. Groopman and Hartzband reveal a clear path for making the right medical choices. Such factors as authority figures, statistics, other patients' stories, technology, and natural healing are key factors that shape choices.

Osiris, Volume 37

Author : Tara Alberts
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226825124
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (268 download)

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Book Synopsis Osiris, Volume 37 by : Tara Alberts

Download or read book Osiris, Volume 37 written by Tara Alberts and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2021-06-21 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlights the importance of translation for the global exchange of medical theories, practices, and materials in the premodern period. This volume of Osiris turns the analytical lens of translation onto medical knowledge and practices across the premodern world. Understandings of the human body, and of diseases and their cures, were influenced by a range of religious, cultural, environmental, and intellectual factors. As a result, complex systems of translation emerged as people crossed linguistic and territorial boundaries to share not only theories and concepts, but also materials, such as drugs, amulets, and surgical tools. The studies here reveal how instances of translation helped to shape and, in some cases, reimagine these ideas and objects to fit within local frameworks of medical belief. Translating Medicine across Premodern Worlds features case studies located in geographically and temporally diverse contexts, including ninth-century Baghdad, sixteenth-century Seville, seventeenth-century Cartagena, and nineteenth-century Bengal. Throughout, the contributors explore common themes and divergent experiences associated with a variety of historical endeavors to “translate” knowledge about health and the body across languages, practices, and media. By deconstructing traditional narratives and de-emphasizing well-worn dichotomies, this volume ultimately offers a fresh and innovative approach to histories of knowledge.

Recipes and Everyday Knowledge

Author : Elaine Leong
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022658366X
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (265 download)

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Book Synopsis Recipes and Everyday Knowledge by : Elaine Leong

Download or read book Recipes and Everyday Knowledge written by Elaine Leong and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2018-11-28 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across early modern Europe, men and women from all ranks gathered medical, culinary, and food preservation recipes from family and friends, experts and practitioners, and a wide array of printed materials. Recipes were tested, assessed, and modified by teams of householders, including masters and servants, husbands and wives, mothers and daughters, and fathers and sons. This much-sought know-how was written into notebooks of various shapes and sizes forming “treasuries for health,” each personalized to suit the whims and needs of individual communities. In Recipes and Everyday Knowledge, Elaine Leong situates recipe knowledge and practices among larger questions of gender and cultural history, the history of the printed word, and the history of science, medicine, and technology. The production of recipes and recipe books, she argues, were at the heart of quotidian investigations of the natural world or “household science”. She shows how English homes acted as vibrant spaces for knowledge making and transmission, and explores how recipe trials allowed householders to gain deeper understandings of sickness and health, of the human body, and of natural and human-built processes. By recovering this story, Leong extends the parameters of natural inquiry and productively widens the cast of historical characters participating in and contributing to early modern science.

Make It Stick

Author : Peter C. Brown
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674729013
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (747 download)

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Book Synopsis Make It Stick by : Peter C. Brown

Download or read book Make It Stick written by Peter C. Brown and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-14 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To most of us, learning something "the hard way" implies wasted time and effort. Good teaching, we believe, should be creatively tailored to the different learning styles of students and should use strategies that make learning easier. Make It Stick turns fashionable ideas like these on their head. Drawing on recent discoveries in cognitive psychology and other disciplines, the authors offer concrete techniques for becoming more productive learners. Memory plays a central role in our ability to carry out complex cognitive tasks, such as applying knowledge to problems never before encountered and drawing inferences from facts already known. New insights into how memory is encoded, consolidated, and later retrieved have led to a better understanding of how we learn. Grappling with the impediments that make learning challenging leads both to more complex mastery and better retention of what was learned. Many common study habits and practice routines turn out to be counterproductive. Underlining and highlighting, rereading, cramming, and single-minded repetition of new skills create the illusion of mastery, but gains fade quickly. More complex and durable learning come from self-testing, introducing certain difficulties in practice, waiting to re-study new material until a little forgetting has set in, and interleaving the practice of one skill or topic with another. Speaking most urgently to students, teachers, trainers, and athletes, Make It Stick will appeal to all those interested in the challenge of lifelong learning and self-improvement.

The Growth of Medical Knowledge

Author : H.A. Ten Have
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780792307365
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis The Growth of Medical Knowledge by : H.A. Ten Have

Download or read book The Growth of Medical Knowledge written by H.A. Ten Have and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1990-08-31 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growth of knowledge and its effects on the practice of medicine have been issues of philosophical and ethical interest for several decades and will remain so for many years to come. The outline of the present volume was conceived nearly three years ago. In 1987, a conference on this theme was held in Maastricht, the Netherlands, on the occasion of the founding of the European Society for Philosophy of Medicine and Health Care (ESPMH). Most of the chapters of this book are derived from papers presented at that meeting, and for the purpose of editing the book Stuart Spicker, Ph. D. , joined two founding members of ESPMH, Henk ten Have and Gerrit Kimsma. The three of them successfully brought together a number of interesting contribu tions to the theme, and ESPMH is grateful and proud to have initiated the production of this volume. The Society intends that annual meetings be held in different European countries on a rotating basis and to publish volumes related to these meetings whenever feasible. In 1988, the second conference was held in Aarhus, Denmark on "Values in Medical Decision Making and Resource Allocation in Health Care". In 1989, a meeting was held in Czestochowa, Poland, on "European Traditions in Philosophy of Medicine. From Brentano to Bieganski". It is hoped that these conferences and the books to be derived from them, will initiate a new European tradition, lasting well into the 21 st century! P. J.

Health Professions Education

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030913319X
Total Pages : 191 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Health Professions Education by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Health Professions Education written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-07-01 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Institute of Medicine study Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001) recommended that an interdisciplinary summit be held to further reform of health professions education in order to enhance quality and patient safety. Health Professions Education: A Bridge to Quality is the follow up to that summit, held in June 2002, where 150 participants across disciplines and occupations developed ideas about how to integrate a core set of competencies into health professions education. These core competencies include patient-centered care, interdisciplinary teams, evidence-based practice, quality improvement, and informatics. This book recommends a mix of approaches to health education improvement, including those related to oversight processes, the training environment, research, public reporting, and leadership. Educators, administrators, and health professionals can use this book to help achieve an approach to education that better prepares clinicians to meet both the needs of patients and the requirements of a changing health care system.

Complications

Author : Atul Gawande
Publisher : Metropolitan Books
ISBN 13 : 1429972106
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

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Book Synopsis Complications by : Atul Gawande

Download or read book Complications written by Atul Gawande and published by Metropolitan Books. This book was released on 2003-04-01 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A brilliant and courageous doctor reveals, in gripping accounts of true cases, the power and limits of modern medicine. Sometimes in medicine the only way to know what is truly going on in a patient is to operate, to look inside with one's own eyes. This book is exploratory surgery on medicine itself, laying bare a science not in its idealized form but as it actually is -- complicated, perplexing, and profoundly human. Atul Gawande offers an unflinching view from the scalpel's edge, where science is ambiguous, information is limited, the stakes are high, yet decisions must be made. In dramatic and revealing stories of patients and doctors, he explores how deadly mistakes occur and why good surgeons go bad. He also shows us what happens when medicine comes up against the inexplicable: an architect with incapacitating back pain for which there is no physical cause; a young woman with nausea that won't go away; a television newscaster whose blushing is so severe that she cannot do her job. Gawande offers a richly detailed portrait of the people and the science, even as he tackles the paradoxes and imperfections inherent in caring for human lives. At once tough-minded and humane, Complications is a new kind of medical writing, nuanced and lucid, unafraid to confront the conflicts and uncertainties that lie at the heart of modern medicine, yet always alive to the possibilities of wisdom in this extraordinary endeavor. Complications is a 2002 National Book Award Finalist for Nonfiction.

Making Sense of Medical Statistics

Author : Munier Hossain
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108976603
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Making Sense of Medical Statistics by : Munier Hossain

Download or read book Making Sense of Medical Statistics written by Munier Hossain and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-10-21 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do you want to know what a parametric test is and when not to perform one? Do you get confused between odds ratios and relative risks? Want to understand the difference between sensitivity and specificity? Would like to find out what the fuss is about Bayes' theorem? Then this book is for you! Physicians need to understand the principles behind medical statistics. They don't need to learn the formula. The software knows it already! This book explains the fundamental concepts of medical statistics so that the learner will become confident in performing the most commonly used statistical tests. Each chapter is rich in anecdotes, illustrations, questions, and answers. Not enough? There is more material online with links to free statistical software, webpages, multimedia content, a practice dataset to get hands-on with data analysis, and a Single Best Answer questionnaire for the exam.