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Low Power Analog Techniques Sensors For Mobile Devices And Energy Efficient Amplifiers
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Book Synopsis Low-Power Analog Techniques, Sensors for Mobile Devices, and Energy Efficient Amplifiers by : Kofi A. A. Makinwa
Download or read book Low-Power Analog Techniques, Sensors for Mobile Devices, and Energy Efficient Amplifiers written by Kofi A. A. Makinwa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-28 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on the 18 invited tutorials presented during the 27th workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. Expert designers from both industry and academia present readers with information about a variety of topics at the frontiers of analog circuit design, including the design of analog circuits in power-constrained applications, CMOS-compatible sensors for mobile devices and energy-efficient amplifiers and drivers. For anyone involved in the design of analog circuits, this book will serve as a valuable guide to the current state-of-the-art. Provides a state-of-the-art reference in analog circuit design, written by experts from industry and academia; Presents material in a tutorial-based format; Covers the design of analog circuits in power-constrained applications, CMOS-compatible sensors for mobile devices and energy-efficient amplifiers and drivers.
Book Synopsis Efficient Sensor Interfaces, Advanced Amplifiers and Low Power RF Systems by : Kofi A.A. Makinwa
Download or read book Efficient Sensor Interfaces, Advanced Amplifiers and Low Power RF Systems written by Kofi A.A. Makinwa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-28 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on the 18 tutorials presented during the 24th workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. Expert designers present readers with information about a variety of topics at the frontier of analog circuit design, including low-power and energy-efficient analog electronics, with specific contributions focusing on the design of efficient sensor interfaces and low-power RF systems. This book serves as a valuable reference to the state-of-the-art, for anyone involved in analog circuit research and development.
Book Synopsis Sensors and Low Power Signal Processing by : Syed Kamrul Islam
Download or read book Sensors and Low Power Signal Processing written by Syed Kamrul Islam and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-02 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low-power sensors and their applications in various fields ranging from military to civilian lives have made tremendous progress in the recent years. Low-power and extended battery life are the key focuses for long term, reliable and easy operation of these sensors. Sensors and Low Power Signal Processing provides a general overview of a sensor’s working principle and a discussion of the emerging sensor technologies including chemical, electro-chemical and MEMS based sensors. Also included is a discussion on design challenges associated with low-power analog circuits and the schemes to overcome them. Finally, a short discussion of some of the simple wireless telemetry schemes best suited for low-power sensor applications and sensor packaging issues is discussed. Applications and sensor prototypes included are environmental monitoring, health care monitoring and issues related to the development of sensor prototypes and associated electronics to achieve high signal-to-noise ratio will also be presented.
Book Synopsis Amplifier and Data Converter Techniques for Low Power Sensor Interfaces by : Frank M. Yaul
Download or read book Amplifier and Data Converter Techniques for Low Power Sensor Interfaces written by Frank M. Yaul and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sensor interfaces circuits are integral components of wireless sensor nodes, and improvements to their energy-efficiency help enable long-term medical and industrial monitoring applications. This thesis explores both analog and algorithmic energy-saving techniques in the sensor interface signal chain. First, a data-dependent successive-approximation algorithm is developed and is demonstrated in a low-power analog-to-digital converter (ADC) implementation. When averaged over many samples, the energy per conversion and number of bitcycles per conversion used by this algorithm both scale logarithmically with the activity of the input signal, with each N-bit conversion using between 2 and 2N+1 bitcycles, compared to N for conventional binary SA. This algorithm reduces ADC power consumption when sampling signals with low mean activity, and its effectiveness is demonstrated on an electrocardiogram signal. With a 0.6V supply, the 10-bit ADC test chip has a maximum sample rate of 16 kHz and an effective number of bits (ENOB) of 9.73b. The ADC's Walden Figure of Merit (FoM) ranges from 3.5 to 20 fJ/conversion-step depending on the input signal activity. Second, an ultra-low supply voltage amplifier stage is developed and used to create an energy-efficient low-noise instrumentation amplifier (LNIA). This chopper LNIA uses a 0.2V-supply inverter-based input stage followed by a 0.8V-supply folded-cascode common-source stage. The high input-stage current needed to reduce the input-referred noise is drawn from the 0.2V supply, significantly reducing power consumption. The 0.8V stage provides high gain and signal swing, improving linearity. Biasing and common-mode rejection techniques for the 0.2V-stage are also presented. The analog front-end (AFE) test chip incorporating the chopper LNIA achieves a power-efficiency figure (PEF) of 1.6 with an input noise of 0.94 [mu]VRMS, integrated from 0.5 to 670 Hz. Human biopotential signals are measured using the AFE.
Book Synopsis Analog Circuits and Systems for Voltage-Mode and Current-Mode Sensor Interfacing Applications by : Andrea De Marcellis
Download or read book Analog Circuits and Systems for Voltage-Mode and Current-Mode Sensor Interfacing Applications written by Andrea De Marcellis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-29 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analog CMOS Microelectronic Circuits describes novel approaches for analog electronic interfaces design, especially for resistive and capacitive sensors showing a wide variation range, with the intent to cover a lack of solutions in the literature. After an initial description of sensors and main definitions, novel electronic circuits, which do not require any initial calibrations, are described; they show both AC and DC excitation voltage for the employed sensor, and use both voltage-mode and current-mode approaches. The proposed interfaces can be realized both as prototype boards, for fast characterization (in this sense, they can be easily implemented by students and researchers), and as integrated circuits, using modern low-voltage low-power design techniques (in this case, specialist analog microelectronic researchers will find them useful). The primary audience of Analog CMOS Microelectronic Circuits are: analog circuit designers, sensor companies, Ph.D. students on analog microelectronics, undergraduate and postgraduate students in electronic engineering.
Book Synopsis Analog Organic Electronics by : Hagen Marien
Download or read book Analog Organic Electronics written by Hagen Marien and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-01 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides insight into organic electronics technology and in analog circuit techniques that can be used to increase the performance of both analog and digital organic circuits. It explores the domain of organic electronics technology for analog circuit applications, specifically smart sensor systems. It focuses on all the building blocks in the data path of an organic sensor system between the sensor and the digital processing block. Sensors, amplifiers, analog-to-digital converters and DC-DC converters are discussed in detail. Coverage includes circuit techniques, circuit implementation, design decisions and measurement results of the building blocks described.
Book Synopsis Low-power Low-voltage Analog Circuit Techniques for Wireless Sensors by : Chenglong Zhang
Download or read book Low-power Low-voltage Analog Circuit Techniques for Wireless Sensors written by Chenglong Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research investigates lower-power lower-voltage analog circuit techniques suitable for wireless sensor applications. Wireless sensors have been used in a wide range of applications and will become ubiquitous with the revolution of internet of things (IoT). Due to the demand of low cost, miniature desirable size and long operating cycle, passive wireless sensors which don't require battery are more preferred. Such sensors harvest energy from energy sources in the environment such as radio frequency (RF) waves, vibration, thermal sources, etc. As a result, the obtained energy is very limited. This creates strong demand for low power, lower voltage circuits. The RF and analog circuits in the wireless sensor usually consume most of the power. This motivates the research presented in the dissertation. Specially, the research focuses on the design of a low power high efficiency regulator, low power Resistance to Digital Converter (RDC), low power Successive Approximation Register (SAR) Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) with parasitic error reduction and a low power low voltage Low Dropout (LDO) regulator. This dissertation includes a low power analog circuit design for the RFID wireless sensor which consists of the energy harvest circuits (an optimized rectifier and a regulator with high current efficiency) and a sensor measurement circuit (RDC), a single end sampling SAR ADC with no error induced by the parasitic capacitance and a digital loop LDO whose line and load variation response is improved. These techniques will boost the design of the wireless sensor and they can also be used in other similar low power design.
Book Synopsis Analog Electronics for Radiation Detection by : Renato Turchetta
Download or read book Analog Electronics for Radiation Detection written by Renato Turchetta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analog Electronics for Radiation Detection showcases the latest advances in readout electronics for particle, or radiation, detectors. Featuring chapters written by international experts in their respective fields, this authoritative text: Defines the main design parameters of front-end circuitry developed in microelectronics technologies Explains the basis for the use of complementary metal–oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors for the detection of charged particles and other non-consumer applications Delivers an in-depth review of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), evaluating the pros and cons of ADCs integrated at the pixel, column, and per-chip levels Describes incremental sigma–delta ADCs, time-to-digital converter (TDC) architectures, and digital pulse-processing techniques complementary to analog processing Examines the fundamental parameters and front-end types associated with silicon photomultipliers used for single visible-light photon detection Discusses pixel sensors with per-pixel TDCs, channel density challenges, and emerging 3D technologies interconnecting detectors and electronics Thus, Analog Electronics for Radiation Detection provides a single source for state-of-the-art information on analog electronics for the readout of radiation detectors.
Book Synopsis The Low Power Interface Circuits for Energy Constrained Sensing Applications by : Aili Wang
Download or read book The Low Power Interface Circuits for Energy Constrained Sensing Applications written by Aili Wang and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the emerging applications of the Internet of Things (IoT) -- the vision of ubiquitous and pervasive sensing, collecting, and managing data through various sensors, communication technologies, and data analytic techniques, billions of sensors are attached to different objects. The power consumption of the analog front-end circuits in a sensor system is one of the most stringent requirements. The low-power consumption not only can be environment-friendly but also can benefit the customers economically. This thesis presents a suite of design on the low power interface circuits for the energy-constrained sensing applications. First, an always-on input-biased sub-nanowatt millivolt hysteretic threshold detector for near-zero energy sensing applications is introduced. The threshold detector compares two pA currents generated by current mirrors biased by the mV-range input signal. With the input signal near zero at the standby mode, the threshold detector consumes near-zero energy. Positive feedback is introduced to accelerate the output signal transition and generate the hysteresis to tolerate the noise in the input signal. Designed and fabricated in a standard 65 nm CMOS process, the proposed threshold detector achieved programmable thresholds from 27 to 46.5 mV with energy per switching from 1.9 to 2.4 nJ using four control bits with a 10 Hz input. While the static power consumption is 270 pW measured at the input signal of 0.1 mV with a frequency of 10 Hz. Second, a resistor-based highly-digital temperature sensor with a SAR-quantization embedded differential low-pass filter is presented for integrated SoC thermal detection. It has three unique features: (1) the use of a differential low-pass RC filter (DLPF) for thermal sensing, which reduces the area; (2) SAR-quantization embedded in the DLPF, which reuses the DLPF capacitor for capacitive digital to analog conversion (CDAC), eliminates the CDAC references, and utilizes the full sensing range for quantization; and (3) a highly-digital circuit architecture, which can be easily implemented using a standard digital design flow and migrated to different processes. The temperature sensor was fabricated in a 65nm CMOS technology occupying 8400 [micro]m2 silicon area. It achieves 0.38 °C resolution at room temperature. After a 2-point calibration, the sensor achieves a 3[sigma] inaccuracy of ±1.2 °C from -30 to 100 °C. It consumes 35.3 [micro]W power from a 1.1 V supply. With a 2.5 [micro]W conversion time, the sensor achieves an 88 pJ/Conversion energy efficiency, which yields a 12.7 pJ·K2 resolution figure-of-merit (FoM). Finally, we move on to another interface circuit, analog-to-digital converter (ADC). An energy-efficient, area-compact successive-approximation-register (SAR) ADC based on passive charge sharing is introduced. For each bit decision, a bit reference capacitor with capacitance [Beta] times larger than that of the bit weight capacitor and precharged to the reference level is introduced to replace the precise reference source. Closed-form analytic expressions of ADC transfer functions are derived based on charge conservation and validated by behavioral and schematic simulations. Based on the derived results, and using the bitwise passive charge sharing technique, an 11-bit segmented SAR ADC that comprises a 5-bit coarse ADC and a 12-bit fine ADC has been designed and fabricated in a 65~nm CMOS technology, occupying 0.076 mm2. The fabricated ADC has been measured to achieve a peak SNDR of 60.6 dB and SFDR of 72 dB, and to dissipate 240 [micro]W under 1.2 V supply at 25 MS/s, including 70 [micro]W used by on-chip reference charge reservoir drivers, leading to a Figure of Merit (FoM) of 11.8 fJ/conversion-step at the input frequency of 2.43 MHz.
Book Synopsis Analog Circuits for Machine Learning, Current/Voltage/Temperature Sensors, and High-speed Communication by : Pieter Harpe
Download or read book Analog Circuits for Machine Learning, Current/Voltage/Temperature Sensors, and High-speed Communication written by Pieter Harpe and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-03-24 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on the 18 tutorials presented during the 29th workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. Expert designers present readers with information about a variety of topics at the frontier of analog circuit design, with specific contributions focusing on analog circuits for machine learning, current/voltage/temperature sensors, and high-speed communication via wireless, wireline, or optical links. This book serves as a valuable reference to the state-of-the-art, for anyone involved in analog circuit research and development.
Book Synopsis Low Power Circuits with Integrated Magnetics for Sensors and Energy Harvesting Systems by : Preetinder Kaur Garcha
Download or read book Low Power Circuits with Integrated Magnetics for Sensors and Energy Harvesting Systems written by Preetinder Kaur Garcha and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The continued expansion of Internet of Things has led to a proliferation of wireless sensors and systems across the globe. The application space for sensors is wide-ranging: from industries, to serve the upcoming era of Industry 4.0, to consumer products, like body wearable sensors. The rise to billions of sensors relies on two key trends in sensor systems: miniaturization and energy-efficiency. This work explores the use of integrated magnetics in microelectronics to enable low power, energy-efficient sensing, as well as energy harvesting to power the sensors, in a compact form factor. For industrial applications, we present the design of a bandwidth-scalable, integrated fluxgate magnetic-to-digital converter for energy-efficient contactless current sensing in smart connectors. The system uses mixed signal front-end design to en-able duty cycling and quick convergence techniques leading to 20x reduction in power consumption at low bandwidths of 1 kHz for power monitoring. It also employs fast read-out circuits to achieve a bandwidth of 125 kHz for machine health diagnosis. For personal body wearable electronics and beyond, we present the design of a cold start system with integrated magnetics for ultra low voltage startup in thermal energy harvesting applications. The Meissner Oscillator analysis with on-chip magnetics allows co-optimization of magnetics and circuits to achieve start up from as low as 25 mV input voltage to the circuits, despite 1000x lower inductance than off-chip transformers. Given the recent push towards artificial intelligence and a growing need for data, along with sensors to collect that data, we need to explore novel uses of technologies to meet the demands for small form factor and low power operation, as the number of sensors scale. The ideas presented in this thesis, with two very different applications of the integrated magnetics technology, can contribute to the continued growth towards trillions of sensors.
Book Synopsis Analog Circuit Design by : Willy M.C. Sansen
Download or read book Analog Circuit Design written by Willy M.C. Sansen and published by Springer. This book was released on 1994-01-31 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume concentrates on three topics: mixed analog--digital circuit design, sensor interface circuits and communication circuits. The book comprises six papers on each topic of a tutorial nature aimed at improving the design of analog circuits. The book is divided into three parts. Part I: Mixed Analog--Digital Circuit Design considers the largest growth area in microelectronics. Both standard designs and ASICs have begun integrating analog cells and digital sections on the same chip. The papers cover topics such as groundbounce and supply-line spikes, design methodologies for high-level design and actual mixed analog--digital designs. Part II: Sensor Interface Circuits describes various types of signal conditioning circuits and interfaces for sensors. These include interface solutions for capacitive sensors, sigma--delta modulation used to combine a microprocessor compatible interface with on chip CMOS sensors, injectable sensors and responders, signal conditioning circuits and sensors combined with indirect converters. Part III: Communication Circuits concentrates on systems and implemented circuits for use in personal communication systems. These have applications in cordless telephones and mobile telephone systems for use in cellular networks. A major requirement for these systems is low power consumption, especially when operating in standby mode, so as to maximise the time between battery recharges.
Book Synopsis Next-Generation ADCs, High-Performance Power Management, and Technology Considerations for Advanced Integrated Circuits by : Andrea Baschirotto
Download or read book Next-Generation ADCs, High-Performance Power Management, and Technology Considerations for Advanced Integrated Circuits written by Andrea Baschirotto and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-24 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on the 18 tutorials presented during the 28th workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. Expert designers present readers with information about a variety of topics at the frontier of analog circuit design, including next-generation analog-to-digital converters , high-performance power management systems and technology considerations for advanced IC design. For anyone involved in analog circuit research and development, this book will be a valuable summary of the state-of-the-art in these areas. Provides a summary of the state-of-the-art in analog circuit design, written by experts from industry and academia; Presents material in a tutorial-based format; Includes coverage of next-generation analog-to-digital converters, high-performance power management systems, and technology considerations for advanced IC design.
Book Synopsis Biomedical Electronics, Noise Shaping ADCs, and Frequency References by : Pieter Harpe
Download or read book Biomedical Electronics, Noise Shaping ADCs, and Frequency References written by Pieter Harpe and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-22 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on the 18 tutorials presented during the 30th workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. Expert designers present readers with information about a variety of topics at the frontier of analog circuit design, with specific contributions focusing on analog circuits for machine learning, current/voltage/temperature sensors, and high-speed communication via wireless, wireline, or optical links. This book serves as a valuable reference to the state-of-the-art, for anyone involved in analog circuit research and development.
Author :Committee on Electric Power for the Dismounted Soldier Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309591279 Total Pages :287 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (95 download)
Book Synopsis Energy-Efficient Technologies for the Dismounted Soldier by : Committee on Electric Power for the Dismounted Soldier
Download or read book Energy-Efficient Technologies for the Dismounted Soldier written by Committee on Electric Power for the Dismounted Soldier and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-01-13 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book documents electric power requirements for the dismounted soldier on future Army battlefields, describes advanced energy concepts, and provides an integrated assessment of technologies likely to affect limitations and needs in the future. It surveys technologies associated with both supply and demand including: energy sources and systems; low power electronics and design; communications, computers, displays, and sensors; and networks, protocols, and operations. Advanced concepts discussed are predicated on continued development by the Army of soldier systems similar to the Land Warrior system on which the committee bases its projections on energy use. Finally, the volume proposes twenty research objectives to achieve energy goals in the 2025 time frame.
Book Synopsis Smart Sensors and Systems by : Youn-Long Lin
Download or read book Smart Sensors and Systems written by Youn-Long Lin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-13 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes for readers technology used for effective sensing of our physical world and intelligent processing techniques for sensed information, which are essential to the success of the Internet of Things (IoTs). The authors provide a multidisciplinary view of sensor technology from MEMS, biological, chemical, and electrical domains and showcase smart sensor systems in real applications including smart home, transportation, medical, environmental, agricultural, etc. Unlike earlier books on sensors, this book provides a “global” view on smart sensors covering abstraction levels from device, circuit, systems, and algorithms.
Book Synopsis CMOS Analog Integrated Circuits by : Tertulien Ndjountche
Download or read book CMOS Analog Integrated Circuits written by Tertulien Ndjountche and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-12-17 with total page 1176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-speed, power-efficient analog integrated circuits can be used as standalone devices or to interface modern digital signal processors and micro-controllers in various applications, including multimedia, communication, instrumentation, and control systems. New architectures and low device geometry of complementary metaloxidesemiconductor (CMOS) technologies have accelerated the movement toward system on a chip design, which merges analog circuits with digital, and radio-frequency components.
