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Long Term Outcomes Of Agricultural Investments
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Book Synopsis Long-term Outcomes of Agricultural Investments by : Fison Mujenja
Download or read book Long-term Outcomes of Agricultural Investments written by Fison Mujenja and published by Anchor Books. This book was released on 2012 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural investments involving the acquisition of long-term rights over large areas of land in developing countries have been the focus of much debate in recent years. Many have welcomed the renewed momentum for private investment in agriculture, but trends towards large-scale land acquisitions raise major social, economic and environmental concerns. While calls for more inclusive investment models have multiplied, there is limited understanding of what works and under what conditions. For many recent agricultural investments, it is just too early to assess socio-economic outcomes. This report discusses two agricultural investments in Zambia. Both projects started as state-led, development-oriented initiatives in the 1970s and early 1980s, and were later privatised. This long implementation history provides an opportunity to assess the longer-term socio-economic outcomes of agricultural investments, and to distil insights on practical ways to include lower-income groups in investment processes.
Book Synopsis Geographic prioritization of agricultural investments by : Maruyama, Eduardo
Download or read book Geographic prioritization of agricultural investments written by Maruyama, Eduardo and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-11-05 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through the Notification of Funding Opportunity (NOFO) for the project “Advisory Services – Program Management for Development and Implementation within the Agricultural Sector” (DCO-PR-18-0293) issued a to the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) described a series of information needs and how IFPRI could provide research and analysis that would help the MCC maximize the effectiveness of their agricultural interventions. This report focuses on how agricultural investment should be prioritized across territories within countries to maximize economic returns. With this purpose in mind, we develop a spatial and economic tool for strategic analysis and visioning to help understand where the best opportunities for investments in agriculture, with specific examples for investments in irrigation and roads in Ethiopia and Malawi. For such investments to be effective for poverty alleviation, it is necessary that they lead to farm-level increases in productivity and are translated into higher incomes and better livelihoods for rural households. Our proposed approach utilizes stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to estimate smallholders’ agricultural potential under optimal conditions and compare it with their current performance to assess their efficiency levels. SFA allows the econometric exploration of the notion that, given fixed local agroecological and economic conditions in a region and the occurrence of random shocks that affect agricultural production, the decisions farmers and policymakers make translate into higher or lower production and profits. Inefficiency is then defined as the loss incurred by operating away from an ideal production frontier, and by estimating where this frontier lies, and how far each producer is from it, SFA helps to identify local potential and efficiency levels to construct the typology. For this report, we show how this approach can allow us to compare estimated agricultural potential and efficiency levels under current conditions and hypothetical investment scenarios and calculate what are the agricultural profit gains linked to each case. We can then extrapolate these results at the regional level for the whole country and combine them with GIS data on local agroecological conditions, water availability, topography, and road infrastructure to construct our typology. In particular, we use our typology results to assess where investments in agriculture would be more effective in bringing rural households out of poverty (closing the poverty gap), and how two different types of investments can increase rural households’ incomes through an increase in the profitability of smallholder agriculture. The first scenario looks at the impact of an increase in access to irrigation through river diversion methods, while the second scenario looks at the impact of an increase in market access, which we simulate by analyzing what would be the impact of reducing travel time to the nearest market (city of least 25,000 inhabitants) from any farm in the country by 50%. For Ethiopia, we find pockets of considerable unattained farm profits located throughout the central and western parts of the country, where opportunities for investments to close efficiency gaps in agricultural production and marketing can yield high returns. Low potential in the eastern lowlands limit opportunities for gains from efficiency-oriented investments, and development efforts in these regions should be focused in long-term, large scale interventions that shift the agricultural frontier. With respect to poverty alleviation, our results show that for many regions in the country, especially in the high central plateau, investing in increasing the efficiency of smallholders would be enough to close the poverty gap. In contrast, many areas in the Somali, Tigray, Afar, Oromia, and SNNP regions would require unrealistically high shifts in their agricultural potential due to its current low level combined in many cases with higher than average poverty gaps. The results from the improved irrigation access scenario are heavily constrained by the surface water availability constraint and show that the largest impacts would be observed in Somali and Afar, while in the case of the improved market access scenario, these benefits would extend to Tigray as well. For Malawi, our maps show higher agricultural potential in the Northern and Central regions of the country, consistent with the higher precipitation levels and the agroecological suitability for horticulture in the Kasungu Lilongwe Plain (central), and the staple crop producing areas in the north (such as Chipita). The southern region suffers from lower potential due to poorer general weather conditions and lower rainfall levels. The unattained potential map shows that despite high levels of efficiency, potential in the north is high enough for the remaining gap to be significant, and that the levels of efficiency in the southern tip of the country are low enough to offer some opportunities for efficiency enhancing investments in those areas as well. The poverty analysis shows that the incidence and depth of poverty are higher in the Southern Region of Malawi, but that the poverty gap in all districts of the country could be closed by investing in efficiency enhancing interventions in agriculture without depending on investments that shift the agricultural profit frontier. The results from the improved irrigation access scenario show a larger impact in the Central Region of the country, particularly the districts of Kasungu, Dowa, and Salima, while the improved market access scenario benefits are more evenly spread out across the country.
Book Synopsis Persistence Pays by : Julian M. Alston
Download or read book Persistence Pays written by Julian M. Alston and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-27 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: gricultural science policy in the United States has profoundly affected the growth and development of agriculture worldwide, not just in the A United States. Over the past 150 years, and especially over the second th half of the 20 Century, public investments in agricultural R&D in the United States grew faster than the value of agricultural production. Public spending on agricultural science grew similarly in other more-developed countries, and c- lectively these efforts, along with private spending, spurred agricultural prod- tivity growth in rich and poor nations alike. The value of this investment is seldom fully appreciated. The resulting p- ductivity improvements have released labor and other resources for alternative uses—in 1900, 29. 2 million Americans (39 percent of the population) were - rectly engaged in farming compared with just 2. 9 million (1. 1 percent) today— while making food and fiber more abundant and cheaper. The benefits are not confined to Americans. U. S. agricultural science has contributed with others to growth in agricultural productivity in many other countries as well as the Un- ed States. The world’s population more than doubled from around 3 billion in 1961 to 6. 54 billion in 2006 (U. S. Census Bureau 2009). Over the same period, production of important grain crops (including maize, wheat and rice) almost trebled, such that global per capita grain production was 18 percent higher in 2006.
Book Synopsis Making the Most of Agricultural Investment by : Sonja Vermeulen
Download or read book Making the Most of Agricultural Investment written by Sonja Vermeulen and published by IIED. This book was released on 2010 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines a range of business models that can be used to structure agricultural investment in lower- and middle-income countries.
Book Synopsis Wealth, weather risk, and the composition and profitability of agricultural investments by : Mark R. Rosenzweig
Download or read book Wealth, weather risk, and the composition and profitability of agricultural investments written by Mark R. Rosenzweig and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1992 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investment portfolios of small farmers reflect their difficulties in smoothing consumption in the face of high risks. Improving farmers' ability to smooth consumption - perhaps through public employment schemes or increased consumption credit - would increase the overall profitability of their investments and would decrease inequality of earnings in high- risk areas.
Book Synopsis Public investment prioritization for Rwanda’s inclusive agricultural transformation: Evidence from rural investment and policy analysis modeling by : Aragie, Emerta
Download or read book Public investment prioritization for Rwanda’s inclusive agricultural transformation: Evidence from rural investment and policy analysis modeling written by Aragie, Emerta and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2022-02-22 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As Rwanda is expected to return to its rapid growth trajectory following the COVID-19 pandemic, agriculture will continue to play a central role in the structural transformation of the entire economy. To this end, the Government of Rwanda continues to invest in the agricultural sector by building on Strategic Plans for the Transformation of Agriculture (PSTAs) that began in the early 2000s. The challenging question is how to prioritize public expenditures across a broad portfolio of policies and programs. Ambitious plans, whether in the short or long term, require difficult decisions. The prioritization of public investment becomes even more complex as Rwanda’s structural transformation advances and as new investments—beyond the farm—become critically important for the agricultural sector. The structural transformation process itself means that as agriculture becomes more integrated with the rest of the economy, public resource allocations need to address a wider range of issues across the entire food system; these include nutrition-sensitive food production systems, inclusive value chain development, nonfarm rural enterprise development, and climate-resilient sustainable intensification of both crops and livestock. This study provides evidence that is designed to assist the Government of Rwanda in its selection of agricultural policy, investment, and expenditure portfolios that reflect the country’s broad focus on its food system and structural transformation. This process of prioritization will need to incorporate multiple public investments targeting multiple development outcomes and will need to be grounded in the costeffective use of public resources in a largely market-led transformation process. This data-driven and evidence-based approach must critically underpin an informed investment prioritization process that helps achieve ambitious targets in an environment constrained by limited public resources. The study uses the Rural Investment and Policy Analysis (RIAPA) economywide model developed by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), with contributions from colleagues at the Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources (MINAGRI), the Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning (MINECOFIN) and the National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR). The study draws on data from multiple sources as well as expert insights to inform the application of RIAPA’s Agricultural Investment for Data Analyzer (AIDA) module as a tool to measure the impacts of alternative public expenditure options on multiple development outcomes. Using this integrated modeling framework, the study links agricultural and rural development spending to four specific outcomes: economic growth, job creation, poverty reduction, and diet quality improvement; at the same time, it considers the synergies and tradeoffs associated with the different investment options in the transformation process. The paper first assesses the contribution of public expenditures to agricultural and rural development under the fourth Strategic Plan for Agriculture Transformation (PSTA 4) that extends between 2018 and 2024. These findings are important, given the fact that since the beginning of PSTA 4, the budget allocated to MINAGRI (measured in constant prices) has stagnated. Our results suggest that increased spending on agriculture is well justified and that such spending is essential if the Government of Rwanda is to achieve its long-term development goals.
Book Synopsis Private Investment in Agriculture: Why it's essential, and what's needed by : Erinch Sahan
Download or read book Private Investment in Agriculture: Why it's essential, and what's needed written by Erinch Sahan and published by Oxfam. This book was released on 2012 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Agriculture as an Alternative Investment by : Stefano Gatti
Download or read book Agriculture as an Alternative Investment written by Stefano Gatti and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-08 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under the pressure of climate and social changes, agriculture is called to play a fundamental role in the world food challenge of the next few decades. A severe reduction of arable land and water scarcity combined with a growing food demand, changes in the dietary preferences in many countries and, more recently, a growing threat to food security and logistics from supply chains interruptions and global trade fragmentation, all require the implementation of processes, techniques, and innovations able to increase productivity and make a better use of scarce resources. Against this backdrop, a growing number of investors and asset managers have started looking at agriculture as an interesting investment theme to exploit the long-term strategic opportunities emerging from technological innovation and social changes. The industry is undergoing a process of transformation driven, on the one hand, by the emergence of new data and technologies that promise enhancing process efficiency and improve yields and, on the other hand, by an increased attention on the GHG emissions of agricultural processes and the impact of farmland on climate change, water and land scarcity. All these factors call for a radical rethinking of many agriculture business models. This book provides a detailed overview and analysis of those new technologies with the greatest potential to disrupt agriculture products and processes by improving productivity and the management of food loss and waste, making a more efficient and sustainable use of resources and enhancing food security. Then, it discusses the implications for investors and asset managers, starting with an assessment of the status quo of agriculture investing and providing a thorough description of the agriculture asset class with an emphasis on its distinctive characteristics and the innovations in the technological processes used in agriculture and farming with the greatest potential to obtain long-term sustainable returns.
Book Synopsis Trends and Impacts of Foreign Investment in Developing Country Agriculture by : Pascal Liu
Download or read book Trends and Impacts of Foreign Investment in Developing Country Agriculture written by Pascal Liu and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2013 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Substantial increases in agricultural investments in developing countries are needed to combat poverty and realize food security and nutrition goals. There is evidence that agricultural investments can generate a wide range of developmental benefits, but these benefits cannot be expected to arise automatically and some forms of large-scale investment carry risks for host countries. Although there has been much debate about the potential benefits and risks of international investment, there is no systematic evidence on the actual impacts on the host country and their determinants. In order to acquire an in-depth understanding of potential benefits, constraints and costs of foreign investment in agriculture and of the business models that are more conducive to development, FAO has undertaken research in developing countries.This publication summarizes the results of this research, in particular through the presentation of the main findings of case studies in nine developing countries. It presents case studies on policies to attract foreign investment in agriculture and their impacts on national economic development in selected countries in Africa, Asian and Latin America.
Book Synopsis What Drives the Global Land Rush? by : Mr.Rabah Arezki
Download or read book What Drives the Global Land Rush? written by Mr.Rabah Arezki and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2011-11-01 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the determinants of foreign land acquisition for large-scale agriculture. To do so, gravity models are estimated using data on bilateral investment relationships, together with newly constructed indicators of agro-ecological suitability in areas with low population density as well as indicators of land rights security. Results confirm the central role of agro-ecological potential as a pull factor. In contrast to the literature on foreign investment in general, the quality of the business climate is insignificant whereas weak land governance and tenure security for current users make countries more attractive for investors. Implications for policy are discussed.
Book Synopsis Enhancing Local Economic Impact by : UNCTAD
Download or read book Enhancing Local Economic Impact written by UNCTAD and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This note provides guidance on how to ensure that an agricultural investment generates positive impacts on the local economy by encouraging and supporting opportunities arising for individuals, farmers, businesses, and institutions. Investments can have a transformative impact on the communities where they are located. Much of this impact can be long term, and go beyond the immediate activities of the investors, through economic linkages and spillover effects. Positive impacts on the local economy are not automatic: the policies and practices of the investor and the government influence outcomes. Careful management and choice of agricultural investments, and provision of complementary initiatives by investors and by governments, can maximize the benefits arising from economic linkages and spillovers while minimizing the risks.
Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher :Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 13 :9251318190 Total Pages :56 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (513 download)
Book Synopsis The new FAO global database on agriculture investment and capital stock by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Download or read book The new FAO global database on agriculture investment and capital stock written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2019-10-22 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper we present the new FAO analytical database on aggregate physical investmentflows and capital stock in agriculture, forestry and fishing for 206 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015. the methodology used to deal with missing data, and the measurement issues underlying its development. Building on previous research programmes held at the World Bank and at the FAO, we compile long time series of the agricultural investment-to-value added ratio, which we employ to compute agricultural investment flows.
Book Synopsis Agricultural Investment Impact on Global Rice and Wheat Markets under Climate Change by : Tatsuji Koizumi
Download or read book Agricultural Investment Impact on Global Rice and Wheat Markets under Climate Change written by Tatsuji Koizumi and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2023-08-30 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is growing consensus about the threat of global warming, that our planet will continue to warm up as the concentration of greenhouse gases increases in the future. The agriculture sector is particularly vulnerable to the negative impacts of climate change. This book shows how agricultural investments will impact global wheat and rice markets under climate change in the long term. The projection results show that the volatility of international wheat and rice prices will increase in the next two decades, due to climate change impacts. Simulation studies show that constant increases in agricultural investments in major producing countries will help stabilise international wheat and rice prices. In this book, a simulation study examines the role of agricultural investment growth in decreasing food loss, and finds that agricultural investments play a crucial role in alleviating climate change risks in the global wheat and rice markets.
Book Synopsis Assessing the profitability and feasibility of climate-smart agriculture investment in Southern Malawi by : Ignaciuk, A., Maggio, G., Sitko, N.J.
Download or read book Assessing the profitability and feasibility of climate-smart agriculture investment in Southern Malawi written by Ignaciuk, A., Maggio, G., Sitko, N.J. and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2021-07-06 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This working paper analyses the financial cost and benefit of adopting two different bundles of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices, which are tailored for the diverse conditions that prevail in southern Malawi. The results show the integration of CSA practices, including soil conservation, agroforestry, and livestock diversification, into conventional maize-legume and maize monocrop systems is profitable for farmers. Moreover, the profitability of these systems increases under extreme weather conditions that occur with increasing frequency in the region. However, the upfront costs and cost variability associated with the adoption of these CSA scenarios is high relative to conventional practices. In addition, while the Net Present Value is positive for the CSA scenarios, the monetary returns are small and are spread over a long investment period. These factors act as significant barriers to adopting CSA practices. Supporting farmers through climate financing or other mechanisms to make long-term private investment in CSA, based on the public benefits these investments generate for the environment, is critical for achieving widespread adoption.
Book Synopsis Agricultural Productivity and Producer Behavior by : Wolfram Schlenker
Download or read book Agricultural Productivity and Producer Behavior written by Wolfram Schlenker and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2019-11-13 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural yields have increased steadily in the last half century, particularly since the Green Revolution. At the same time, inflation-adjusted agricultural commodity prices have been trending downward as increases in supply outpace the growth of demand. Recent severe weather events, biofuel mandates, and a switch toward a more meat-heavy diet in emerging economies have nevertheless boosted commodity prices. Whether this is a temporary jump or the beginning of a longer-term trend is an open question. Agricultural Productivity and Producer Behavior examines the factors contributing to the remarkably steady increase in global yields and assesses whether yield growth can continue. This research also considers whether agricultural productivity growth has been, and will be, associated with significant environmental externalities. Among the topics studied are genetically modified crops; changing climatic factors; farm production responses to government regulations including crop insurance, transport subsidies, and electricity subsidies for groundwater extraction; and the role of specific farm practices such as crop diversification, disease management, and water-saving methods. This research provides new evidence that technological as well as policy choices influence agricultural productivity.
Book Synopsis Policy Reform and Adjustment in the Agricultural Sectors of Developed Countries by : David Blandford
Download or read book Policy Reform and Adjustment in the Agricultural Sectors of Developed Countries written by David Blandford and published by CABI. This book was released on 2006 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the policy implications of growing pressures for economic adjustment in the agricultural sectors of developed countries. It starts by describing the recent history of adjustment in the food and agricultural sector and assesses the current and future pressures for adjustments and their implications. Chapters provide empirical evidence on the magnitude of future adjustment in the agricultural sector under a continuation of existing policies and analyze the factors that affect farmers' ability to adjust to economic change. The book concludes by identifying lessons to be learned from recent reforms and evaluating future policy options.
Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher :Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 13 :9251346089 Total Pages :337 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (513 download)
Book Synopsis OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2021–2030 by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Download or read book OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2021–2030 written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2021-07-05 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Agricultural Outlook 2021-2030 is a collaborative effort of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. It brings together the commodity, policy and country expertise of both organisations as well as input from collaborating member countries to provide an annual assessment of the prospects for the coming decade of national, regional and global agricultural commodity markets. The publication consists of 11 Chapters; Chapter 1 covers agricultural and food markets; Chapter 2 provides regional outlooks and the remaining chapters are dedicated to individual commodities.
