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Logical Options
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Download or read book Logical Options written by John L. Bell and published by Broadview Press. This book was released on 2001-03-30 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Logical Options introduces the extensions and alternatives to classical logic which are most discussed in the philosophical literature: many-sorted logic, second-order logic, modal logics, intuitionistic logic, three-valued logic, fuzzy logic, and free logic. Each logic is introduced with a brief description of some aspect of its philosophical significance, and wherever possible semantic and proof methods are employed to facilitate comparison of the various systems. The book is designed to be useful for philosophy students and professional philosophers who have learned some classical first-order logic and would like to learn about other logics important to their philosophical work.
Download or read book Logic: The Basics written by Jc Beall and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-04-20 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Logic: The Basics is an accessible introduction to several core areas of logic. The first part of the book features a self-contained introduction to the standard topics in classical logic, such as: · mathematical preliminaries · propositional logic · quantified logic (first monadic, then polyadic) · English and standard ‘symbolic translations’ · tableau procedures. Alongside comprehensive coverage of the standard topics, this thoroughly revised second edition also introduces several philosophically important nonclassical logics, free logics, and modal logics, and gives the reader an idea of how they can take their knowledge further. With its wealth of exercises (solutions available in the encyclopedic online supplement), Logic: The Basics is a useful textbook for courses ranging from the introductory level to the early graduate level, and also as a reference for students and researchers in philosophical logic.
Book Synopsis An Introduction to Logical Theory by : Aladdin M. Yaqub
Download or read book An Introduction to Logical Theory written by Aladdin M. Yaqub and published by Broadview Press. This book was released on 2013-03-22 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reclaims logic as a branch of philosophy, offering a self-contained and complete introduction to the three traditional systems of classical logic (term, sentence, and predicate logic) and the philosophical issues that surround those systems. The exposition is lucid, clear, and engaging. Practical methods are favored over the traditional, and creative approaches over the merely mechanical. The author’s guiding principle is to introduce classical logic in an intellectually honest way, and not to shy away from difficulties and controversies where they arise. Relevant philosophical issues, such as the relation between the meaning and the referent of a proper name, logical versus metaphysical possibility, and the conceptual content of an expression, are discussed throughout. In this way, the book is not only an introduction to the three main systems of classical logic, but also an introduction to the philosophy of classical logic.
Book Synopsis All About Options, 3E by : Thomas A. McCafferty
Download or read book All About Options, 3E written by Thomas A. McCafferty and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2007-01-16 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover the Potential of Options for Managing Risk, Profiting from Bull or Bear Markets, and Leveraging Your Investments Thousands of individual traders and investors used the first two editions of Tom McCafferty's All About Options to master every aspect of the options market_and develop strategies for making winning investments. Now revised and updated, the Third Edition of this best-selling guide provides a clear, no-nonsense explanation of the risks and rewards of using options, ranging from options basics to hedging and speculating to options pricing. This new edition of All About Options covers the dramatic changes in technology, world finance, and market conditions that have take place in recent years.
Book Synopsis Oswaal Government Exams Question Bank 10th Pass | Quantitative Aptitude | General English | Logical Reasoning |General Awareness | Set of 4 Books | For 2024 Exam by : Oswaal Editorial Board
Download or read book Oswaal Government Exams Question Bank 10th Pass | Quantitative Aptitude | General English | Logical Reasoning |General Awareness | Set of 4 Books | For 2024 Exam written by Oswaal Editorial Board and published by Oswaal Books. This book was released on 2024-03-30 with total page 777 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Description of the product: • 100% Updated with Topic-wise Practice Questions & Explanations • Fill Learning Gaps with Revision Notes & Supported Videos • Concept Recap with Smart Mind Maps & Chapter Analysis • Smart Short-cuts with short-cuts and detailed explanations • Valuable Exam Insights with Tips and Tricks to ace Government Exams in the first attempt
Book Synopsis Pluralisms in Truth and Logic by : Jeremy Wyatt
Download or read book Pluralisms in Truth and Logic written by Jeremy Wyatt and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-29 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume brings together 18 state-of-the art essays on pluralism about truth and logic. Parts I and II are dedicated to respectively truth pluralism and logical pluralism, and Part III to their interconnections. Some contributors challenge pluralism, arguing that the nature of truth or logic is uniform. The majority of contributors, however, defend pluralism, articulate novel versions of the view, or contribute to fundamental debates internal to the pluralist camp. The volume will be of interest to truth theorists and philosophers of logic, as well as philosophers interested in relativism, contextualism, metaphysics, philosophy of language, semantics, paradox, epistemology, or normativity.
Download or read book Symbolic Logic written by David W. Agler and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2013 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brimming with visual examples of concepts, derivation rules, and proof strategies, this introductory text is ideal for students with no previous experience in logic. Symbolic Logic: Syntax, Semantics, and Proof introduces students to the fundamental concepts, techniques, and topics involved in deductive reasoning. Agler guides students through the basics of symbolic logic by explaining the essentials of two classical systems, propositional and predicate logic. Students will learn translation both from formal language into English and from English into formal language; how to use truth trees and truth tables to test propositions for logical properties; and how to construct and strategically use derivation rules in proofs. This text makes this often confounding topic much more accessible with step-by-step example proofs, chapter glossaries of key terms, hundreds of homework problems and solutions for practice, and suggested further readings.
Book Synopsis Logic, Language, and Meaning, Volume 1 by : L. T. F. Gamut
Download or read book Logic, Language, and Meaning, Volume 1 written by L. T. F. Gamut and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the two volumes of Logic, Language, and Meaning can be used independently of one another, together they provide a comprehensive overview of modern logic as it is used as a tool in the analysis of natural language. Both volumes provide exercises and their solutions. Volume 1, Introduction to Logic, begins with a historical overview and then offers a thorough introduction to standard propositional and first-order predicate logic. It provides both a syntactic and a semantic approach to inference and validity, and discusses their relationship. Although language and meaning receive special attention, this introduction is also accessible to those with a more general interest in logic. In addition, the volume contains a survey of such topics as definite descriptions, restricted quantification, second-order logic, and many-valued logic. The pragmatic approach to non-truthconditional and conventional implicatures are also discussed. Finally, the relation between logic and formal syntax is treated, and the notions of rewrite rule, automation, grammatical complexity, and language hierarchy are explained.
Book Synopsis Rationality and Logic by : Robert Hanna
Download or read book Rationality and Logic written by Robert Hanna and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2009-01-23 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An argument that logic is intrinsically psychological and human psychology is intrinsically logical, and that the connection between human rationality and logic is both constitutive and mutual. In Rationality and Logic, Robert Hanna argues that logic is intrinsically psychological and that human psychology is intrinsically logical. He claims that logic is cognitively constructed by rational animals (including humans) and that rational animals are essentially logical animals. In order to do so, he defends the broadly Kantian thesis that all (and only) rational animals possess an innate cognitive "logic faculty." Hanna's claims challenge the conventional philosophical wisdom that sees logic as a fully formal or "topic-neutral" science irreconcilably separate from the species- or individual-specific focus of empirical psychology.Logic and psychology went their separate ways after attacks by Frege and Husserl on logical psychologism—the explanatory reduction of logic to empirical psychology. Hanna argues, however, that—despite the fact that logical psychologism is false—there is an essential link between logic and psychology. Rational human animals constitute the basic class of cognizers or thinkers studied by cognitive psychology; given the connection between rationality and logic that Hanna claims, it follows that the nature of logic is significantly revealed to us by cognitive psychology. Hanna's proposed "logical cognitivism" has two important consequences: the recognition by logically oriented philosophers that psychologists are their colleagues in the metadiscipline of cognitive science; and radical changes in cognitive science itself. Cognitive science, Hanna argues, is not at bottom a natural science; it is both an objective or truth-oriented science and a normative human science, as is logic itself.
Book Synopsis The Logic of Decision by : Richard C. Jeffrey
Download or read book The Logic of Decision written by Richard C. Jeffrey and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1990-07-15 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "[This book] proposes new foundations for the Bayesian principle of rational action, and goes on to develop a new logic of desirability and probabtility."—Frederic Schick, Journal of Philosophy
Download or read book Logic Works written by Lorne Falkenstein and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-30 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Logic Works is a critical and extensive introduction to logic. It asks questions about why systems of logic are as they are, how they relate to ordinary language and ordinary reasoning, and what alternatives there might be to classical logical doctrines. The book covers classical first-order logic and alternatives, including intuitionistic, free, and many-valued logic. It also considers how logical analysis can be applied to carefully represent the reasoning employed in academic and scientific work, better understand that reasoning, and identify its hidden premises. Aiming to be as much a reference work and handbook for further, independent study as a course text, it covers more material than is typically covered in an introductory course. It also covers this material at greater length and in more depth with the purpose of making it accessible to those with no prior training in logic or formal systems. Online support material includes a detailed student solutions manual with a running commentary on all starred exercises, and a set of editable slide presentations for course lectures. Key Features Introduces an unusually broad range of topics, allowing instructors to craft courses to meet a range of various objectives Adopts a critical attitude to certain classical doctrines, exposing students to alternative ways to answer philosophical questions about logic Carefully considers the ways natural language both resists and lends itself to formalization Makes objectual semantics for quantified logic easy, with an incremental, rule-governed approach assisted by numerous simple exercises Makes important metatheoretical results accessible to introductory students through a discursive presentation of those results and by using simple case studies
Download or read book Christian Logic written by Stephen Wuest and published by Christian Faith Publishing, Inc.. This book was released on 2024-10-25 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text is about fusing logic and moral theory and is definitely from a Christian worldview. It is written on a level for AP high school or, at most, second-year college use. But the text is for Christian laypeople. The goals of this book include presenting modern deductive logic, modern logical notation, and the twenty rules of inference. These describe what modern deductive logic is. However, orthodox Christians must go further--they must be exposed to historical moral-ethical (ME) models. And they must think carefully about how to integrate Christian morality into modern logic and use this fusion to have a sound methodology to analyze modern arguments. Given the popularity of logically incoherent conspiracy theories, this approach to formal logic enters through the door of what historical Christians would call (roughly) "our shared reality." Also, given the abundance of partial or invalid or unsound arguments that Americans encounter, the analysis of arguments in this book will heavily deal with dysfunctional arguments. Putting these topics together in a synthesized way, in a Christian worldview, results in a product that reasons across disciplines and is perhaps politically incorrect. But the author is convinced that this combination of skills is what American Christians need.
Book Synopsis Logic and Relational Theory by : C. J. Date
Download or read book Logic and Relational Theory written by C. J. Date and published by Technics Publications. This book was released on 2020-06-06 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a revised, upgraded, and hugely improved version of an earlier one called Logic and Databases. Although it’s effectively a brand new book, therefore, the following remarks from that earlier book are still relevant here. First, logic and databases are inextricably intertwined. The relational model itself is essentially just elementary logic, tailored to database needs. Now, if you’re a database professional, this won’t be news to you—but you still might not realize just how much everything we do in the database world is (or should be!) affected by logic. Logic is fundamental, and everywhere. As a database professional, therefore, you owe it to yourself to understand the basics of formal logic, and you ought to be able to explain (and perhaps defend) the connections between formal logic and database technology. And that’s what this book is about. What it does is show, through a series of partly independent, partly interrelated essays, just how various crucial aspects of database technology—some of them very familiar, others maybe less so—are solidly grounded in formal logic. Overall, the goal is to help you realize the importance of logic in everything you do, and also, I hope, to help you see that logic can be fun.
Book Synopsis Greek, Indian and Arabic Logic by : Dov M. Gabbay
Download or read book Greek, Indian and Arabic Logic written by Dov M. Gabbay and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-02-06 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Greek, Indian and Arabic Logic marks the initial appearance of the multi-volume Handbook of the History of Logic. Additional volumes will be published when ready, rather than in strict chronological order. Soon to appear are The Rise of Modern Logic: From Leibniz to Frege. Also in preparation are Logic From Russell to Gödel, Logic and the Modalities in the Twentieth Century, and The Many-Valued and Non-Monotonic Turn in Logic. Further volumes will follow, including Mediaeval and Renaissance Logic and Logic: A History of its Central.In designing the Handbook of the History of Logic, the Editors have taken the view that the history of logic holds more than an antiquarian interest, and that a knowledge of logic's rich and sophisticated development is, in various respects, relevant to the research programmes of the present day. Ancient logic is no exception. The present volume attests to the distant origins of some of modern logic's most important features, such as can be found in the claim by the authors of the chapter on Aristotle's early logic that, from its infancy, the theory of the syllogism is an example of an intuitionistic, non-monotonic, relevantly paraconsistent logic. Similarly, in addition to its comparative earliness, what is striking about the best of the Megarian and Stoic traditions is their sophistication and originality.Logic is an indispensably important pivot of the Western intellectual tradition. But, as the chapters on Indian and Arabic logic make clear, logic's parentage extends more widely than any direct line from the Greek city states. It is hardly surprising, therefore, that for centuries logic has been an unfetteredly international enterprise, whose research programmes reach to every corner of the learned world.Like its companion volumes, Greek, Indian and Arabic Logic is the result of a design that gives to its distinguished authors as much space as would be needed to produce highly authoritative chapters, rich in detail and interpretative reach. The aim of the Editors is to have placed before the relevant intellectual communities a research tool of indispensable value.Together with the other volumes, Greek, Indian and Arabic Logic, will be essential reading for everyone with a curiosity about logic's long development, especially researchers, graduate and senior undergraduate students in logic in all its forms, argumentation theory, AI and computer science, cognitive psychology and neuroscience, linguistics, forensics, philosophy and the history of philosophy, and the history of ideas.
Book Synopsis Asynchronous Operators of Sequential Logic: Venjunction & Sequention by : Vadim Vasyukevich
Download or read book Asynchronous Operators of Sequential Logic: Venjunction & Sequention written by Vadim Vasyukevich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-18 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is dedicated to new mathematical instruments assigned for logical modeling of the memory of digital devices. The case in point is logic-dynamical operation named venjunction and venjunctive function as well as sequention and sequentional function. Venjunction and sequention operate within the framework of sequential logic. In a form of the corresponding equations, they organically fit analytical expressions of Boolean algebra. Thus, a sort of symbiosis is formed using elements of asynchronous sequential logic on the one hand and combinational logic on the other hand. So, asynchronous logic is represented in the form of enhanced Boolean logic. The book contains initial concepts, fundamental definitions, statements, principles and rules needed for theoretical justification of the mathematical apparatus and its validity for asynchronous logic. Asynchronous operators named venjunctor and sequentor are designed for practical implementation. These basic elements are assigned for realizing of memory functions in sequential circuits. Present research work is the final stage of generalization and systematization of all those ideas and investigations, author’s interest to which alternately flashed up and faded over many years and for various reasons until formed “critical mass”, and all findings were arranged definitively as a mathematical basis of a theory appropriately associated under a common theme – asynchronous sequential logic, essentially classified as switching logic, which falls into category of algebraic logics.
Book Synopsis Quarterly of the Colorado School of Mines by :
Download or read book Quarterly of the Colorado School of Mines written by and published by . This book was released on 1928 with total page 1098 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Continuum Companion to Philosophical Logic by : Leon Horsten
Download or read book The Continuum Companion to Philosophical Logic written by Leon Horsten and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2011-06-02 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Continuum Companion to Philosophical Logic offers the definitive guide to a key area of contemporary philosophy. The book covers all the fundamental areas of philosophical logic - topics that have continued to attract interest historically as well as topics that have emerged more recently as active areas of research. Seventeen specially commissioned essays from an international team of experts reveal where important work continues to be done in the area and, most valuably, the exciting new directions the field is taking. The Companion explores issues pertaining to classical logic and its rivals, extensional and intensional extensions of classical logic, semantics for parts of natural language, and the application of logic in the theory of rationality. Crucially the emphasis is on the role that logic plays in understanding philosophical problems. Featuring a series of indispensable research tools, including an A to Z of key terms and concepts, a detailed list of resources, a bibliography and a companion website, this is the essential reference tool for anyone working in contemporary philosophical logic.
