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Logic Part Iii The Logical Foundations Of Science
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Book Synopsis Logic Part Iii the Logical Foundations of Science by :
Download or read book Logic Part Iii the Logical Foundations of Science written by and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Logical Foundation for Potentialist Set Theory by : Sharon Berry
Download or read book A Logical Foundation for Potentialist Set Theory written by Sharon Berry and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-02-17 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new approach to the standard axioms of set theory, relating the theory to the philosophy of science and metametaphysics.
Book Synopsis Logical Foundations of Mathematics and Computational Complexity by : Pavel Pudlák
Download or read book Logical Foundations of Mathematics and Computational Complexity written by Pavel Pudlák and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-22 with total page 699 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The two main themes of this book, logic and complexity, are both essential for understanding the main problems about the foundations of mathematics. Logical Foundations of Mathematics and Computational Complexity covers a broad spectrum of results in logic and set theory that are relevant to the foundations, as well as the results in computational complexity and the interdisciplinary area of proof complexity. The author presents his ideas on how these areas are connected, what are the most fundamental problems and how they should be approached. In particular, he argues that complexity is as important for foundations as are the more traditional concepts of computability and provability. Emphasis is on explaining the essence of concepts and the ideas of proofs, rather than presenting precise formal statements and full proofs. Each section starts with concepts and results easily explained, and gradually proceeds to more difficult ones. The notes after each section present some formal definitions, theorems and proofs. Logical Foundations of Mathematics and Computational Complexity is aimed at graduate students of all fields of mathematics who are interested in logic, complexity and foundations. It will also be of interest for both physicists and philosophers who are curious to learn the basics of logic and complexity theory.
Book Synopsis Logical Foundations of Artificial Intelligence by : Michael R. Genesereth
Download or read book Logical Foundations of Artificial Intelligence written by Michael R. Genesereth and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2012-07-05 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intended both as a text for advanced undergraduates and graduate students, and as a key reference work for AI researchers and developers, Logical Foundations of Artificial Intelligence is a lucid, rigorous, and comprehensive account of the fundamentals of artificial intelligence from the standpoint of logic. The first section of the book introduces the logicist approach to AI--discussing the representation of declarative knowledge and featuring an introduction to the process of conceptualization, the syntax and semantics of predicate calculus, and the basics of other declarative representations such as frames and semantic nets. This section also provides a simple but powerful inference procedure, resolution, and shows how it can be used in a reasoning system. The next several chapters discuss nonmonotonic reasoning, induction, and reasoning under uncertainty, broadening the logical approach to deal with the inadequacies of strict logical deduction. The third section introduces modal operators that facilitate representing and reasoning about knowledge. This section also develops the process of writing predicate calculus sentences to the metalevel--to permit sentences about sentences and about reasoning processes. The final three chapters discuss the representation of knowledge about states and actions, planning, and intelligent system architecture. End-of-chapter bibliographic and historical comments provide background and point to other works of interest and research. Each chapter also contains numerous student exercises (with solutions provided in an appendix) to reinforce concepts and challenge the learner. A bibliography and index complete this comprehensive work.
Download or read book The Nation and Athenæum written by and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis E.J. Lowe and Ontology by : Miroslaw Szatkowski
Download or read book E.J. Lowe and Ontology written by Miroslaw Szatkowski and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-03-18 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume collects fifteen original essays on E. J. Lowe’s work on metaphysics and ontology. The essays connect Lowe’s insights with contemporary issues in metaphysics. E. J. Lowe (1950–2014) was one of the most influential analytical philosophers of the twentieth and early twenty-first century. Drawing inspiration from Aristotle's thought, E. J. Lowe treated metaphysics as an autonomous discipline concerned with the fundamental structure of reality. The chapters in this volume reflect on his path-breaking work. They deal with a wide range of metaphysical issues including four-category ontology, the causal and non-causal aspects of agency, categorial fundamentality and non-fundamentality, the existence of relations, property dualism, powers and abilities, personal identity, predication, and topological ontology. Taken together, the chapters reflect the liveliness of contemporary debates in metaphysics and the enduring impact of Lowe’s thought on them. E. J. Lowe and Ontology will be of interest to researchers and advanced students working in metaphysics and philosophy of mind.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Formal Philosophy by : Sven Ove Hansson
Download or read book Introduction to Formal Philosophy written by Sven Ove Hansson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-24 with total page 727 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Undergraduate Textbook introduces key methods and examines the major areas of philosophy in which formal methods play pivotal roles. Coverage begins with a thorough introduction to formalization and to the advantages and pitfalls of formal methods in philosophy. The ensuing chapters show how to use formal methods in a wide range of areas. Throughout, the contributors clarify the relationships and interdependencies between formal and informal notions and constructions. Their main focus is to show how formal treatments of philosophical problems may help us understand them better. Formal methods can be used to solve problems but also to express new philosophical problems that would never have seen the light of day without the expressive power of the formal apparatus. Formal philosophy merges work in different areas of philosophy as well as logic, mathematics, computer science, linguistics, physics, psychology, biology, economics, political theory, and sociology. This title offers an accessible introduction to this new interdisciplinary research area to a wide academic audience.
Download or read book Continuants written by David Wiggins and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-10-27 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume gathers twelve essays by David Wiggins in an area where his work has been particularly influential. Among the subjects treated are: persistence of a substance through change, the notion of a continuant, the logic of identity, the co-occupation of space by a continuant and its matter, the relation of person to human organism, the metaphysical idea of a person, the status of artefacts, the relation of the three-dimensional and four-dimensional conceptions of reality, and the nomological underpinning of sortal classification. From a much larger body of work the author has selected, edited or annotated, and variously shortened or extended eleven pieces. He has added an Introduction and one completely new essay, on the philosophy of biology and the role there of the idea of process. The collection begins with an essay postdating his Sameness and Substance Renewed (2001), which amends and upstages his earlier presentation of his sortalist conception of identity. In subsequent essays and the introduction Wiggins examines the contributions to these subjects made by Heraclitus, Aristotle, Leibniz, Roderick Chisholm, Hilary Putnam, Sydney Shoemaker, Michael Ayers, Saul Kripke, W. V. Quine, David Lewis, Fei Xu, and others.
Book Synopsis Causal Powers by : Jonathan D. Jacobs
Download or read book Causal Powers written by Jonathan D. Jacobs and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-14 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Causal powers are ubiquitous. Electrons are negatively charged; they have the power to repel other electrons. Water is a solvent; it has the power to dissolve salt. We use concepts of causal powers and their relatives-dispositions, capacities, abilities, and so on-to describe the world around us, both in everyday life and in scientific practice. But what is it about the world that makes such descriptions apt? On one view, the neo-Humean view, there is nothing intrinsic about, say, negative charge, that makes its bearers have the power to repel other negatively charged particles. Rather, matters extrinsic to negative charge, the patterns and regularities in which negatively charged particles are embedded, fix the powers its bearers have. But on a different view, the anti-Humean view, causal powers are intrinsically powerful, bringing with them their own causal, nomic, and modal nature independent of extrinsic patterns and regularities-even fixing those patterns and regularities. This collection brings together new and important work by both emerging scholars and those who helped shape the field on the nature of causal powers, and the connections between causal powers and other phenomena within metaphysics, philosophy of science, and philosophy of mind. Contributors discuss how one who takes causal powers to be in some sense irreducible should think about laws of nature, scientific practice, causation, modality, space and time, persistence, and the metaphysics of mind.
Book Synopsis Total Quality Management by : D Karunakaran
Download or read book Total Quality Management written by D Karunakaran and published by AG Publishing House (AGPH Books). This book was released on 2022-07-20 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An organised approach to comprehensive organizational management is what's known as total quality management (TQM). The method's primary objective is to enhance the quality of an organization's outputs, such as its products and services, by means of the ongoing development and refinement of its internal procedures. It is possible for the standards that are established as part of the TQM strategy to reflect both the internal goals of the organisation as well as any existing industry standards. Detecting, minimising, and ultimately doing away with faults is the goal of total quality management (TQM), which is a continual process. It is used to simplify the administration of supply chains, enhance customer service, and guarantee that personnel get appropriate training. The primary objective is to enhance the quality of an organization's outputs, which may include both products and services, by continuously enhancing the organization's internal procedures. The goal of total quality management is to ensure that each participant in the production process is held responsible for the entire quality of the good or service that is delivered to the customer. TQM typically adheres to a set of eight guiding principles, some of which include putting the customer first, always striving to do better, and strictly following procedures. The readers of this book will benefit from increased understanding in the subject of total quality management as a result of the many topics and chapters that are included in this book. As is well known, quality management is an essential component of every company or organisation. The writers of this book have included the necessary material that is related to the subject. Every chapter of this book covers a different subject for the reader to learn about. Read this book if you have any interest in starting a company or moving your career in this direction. It is suitable for anybody.
Book Synopsis Identity, Cause, and Mind by : Sydney Shoemaker
Download or read book Identity, Cause, and Mind written by Sydney Shoemaker and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an expanded edition of Sydney Shoemaker's seminal collection of his work on interrelated issues in the philosophy of mind and metaphysics. Reproducing all of the original papers, many of which are now regarded as classics, and including four papers published since the first edition appeared in 1984, Identity, Cause, and Mind's reappearance will be warmly welcomed by philosophers and students alike.
Book Synopsis An Introduction to Cybernetic Synergy by : Mark Rowbotham
Download or read book An Introduction to Cybernetic Synergy written by Mark Rowbotham and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-05-24 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cybernetics is about having a goal and taking action to achieve that goal. Knowing whether you have reached your goal (or at least are getting closer to it) requires “feedback”, a concept that was made rigorous by cybernetics. The subject of Cybernetic Synergy, although emanating from a socio-economic experiment of economic control by cybernetic means in Chile in the early 1970s, has never been approached as an applied subject in its own right. Indeed, the subject of applied cybernetics has never been addressed as a separate issue, although it has been shown that the overall subject of cybernetics applies to a wide range of disciplines, from biology to business via mathematics and engineering. Cybernetic synergy is the study of relationships and controls of and between corporate entities, on an external basis, and departments within corporate entities, on an internal basis. It concerns the decision-making process, and how decisions can be made based on feedback from any part of the organization being managed. It therefore concerns the issue of input of raw material or information, the output of the transformed information and materials, and the rectification of any issue based on negative feedback related to the productive process. It investigates not only the basic theory of the subject but also its applications in the commercial and business environment, as well as touching on government and administrative issues where shortcomings have emerged owing to a lack of synergy and communication. There are already several books available on the subject to cybernetics, but they are all concerned with mathematical approaches along with very heavy technical texts, most of which are completely alien to the layman or the simple practitioner. Furthermore, other than references to business or economic practice in some books, there has never been a book published purely about the subject of applied cybernetics relating to business practices. The book covers the subjects of management and economic cybernetics, and how the theory of cybernetic control can be used to manage business and government functions, whether small, medium or large. It looks at the history of cybernetics, and how some pioneering cybernetic concepts were used in Chile in the early 1970s to manage the Chilean economy. It uses these same principles, along with later cybernetic models, to show how such concepts can be applied to the present-day economy and business practices. It examines present-day business practices and shows how weaknesses in these systems can be addressed and eliminated by the application of cybernetic practices. The aims of the book are to provide an insight into the subject of management and business cybernetics, using the principle of cybernetic synergy, to resolve intra-corporate issues and create more efficient business practices based on simple command-and-control processes. Essentially, this book provides an in-depth insight into the use of cybernetics in business and administration environments, and would explain how cybernetics is a valuable tool in resolving corporate issues concerning efficiency and overall control. It would give a detailed explanation of the various practices and functions involved in business operations and practices.
Book Synopsis Uncovering the Logic of English: A Common-Sense Solution to America's Literacy Crisis by : Denise Eide
Download or read book Uncovering the Logic of English: A Common-Sense Solution to America's Literacy Crisis written by Denise Eide and published by Logic of English, Inc. This book was released on 2011-01-27 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "English is so illogical!" It is generally believed that English is a language of exceptions. For many, learning to spell and read is frustrating. For some, it is impossible... especially for the 29% of Americans who are functionally illiterate. But what if the problem is not the language itself, but the rules we were taught? What if we could see the complexity of English as a powerful tool rather than a hindrance? --Denise Eide Uncovering the Logic of English challenges the notion that English is illogical by systematically explaining English spelling and answering questions like "Why is there a silent final E in have, large, and house?" and "Why is discussion spelled with -sion rather than -tion?" With easy-to-read examples and anecdotes, this book describes: - the phonograms and spelling rules which explain 98% of English words - how English words are formed and how this knowledge can revolutionize vocabulary development - how understanding the reasons behind English spelling prevents students from needing to guess The author's inspiring commentary makes a compelling case that understanding the logic of English could transform literacy education and help solve America's literacy crisis. Thorough and filled with the latest linguistic and reading research, Uncovering the Logic of English demonstrates why this systematic approach should be as foundational to our education as 1+1=2.
Book Synopsis The Metaphysics of Powers by : Anna Marmodoro
Download or read book The Metaphysics of Powers written by Anna Marmodoro and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-06-10 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a collection of papers that advance our understanding of the metaphysics of powers — properties such as fragility and electric charge. The metaphysics of powers is a fast developing research field with fundamental questions at the forefront of current research, such as Can there be a world of only powers? What is the manifestation of a power? Are powers and their manifestations related by necessity? What are the prospects for dispositional accounts of causation? The papers focus on questions concerning the metaphysics of powers that cut across any particular subject-specific ontological domain -- whether philosophy of science, philosophy of mind, ethics, epistemology – investigating the metaphysical structure of powers, the nature of the manifestation of powers, the necessity or contingency of a power’s relation to its manifestations, and powers and causation. A number of authors also engage in discussion with Humean and neo-Humean treatments of causation, thereby making contributions to a larger metaphysical debate beyond powers. Additionally, the authors engage critically with the latest contributions to the debate on powers in the literature, thereby bringing together in a wholesome and analytical way the most recent and noteworthy theoretical developments in this research field.
Download or read book The Journal of Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Logical Foundations of Proof Complexity by : Stephen Cook
Download or read book Logical Foundations of Proof Complexity written by Stephen Cook and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-03-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book treats bounded arithmetic and propositional proof complexity from the point of view of computational complexity. The first seven chapters include the necessary logical background for the material and are suitable for a graduate course. Associated with each of many complexity classes are both a two-sorted predicate calculus theory, with induction restricted to concepts in the class, and a propositional proof system. The result is a uniform treatment of many systems in the literature, including Buss's theories for the polynomial hierarchy and many disparate systems for complexity classes such as AC0, AC0(m), TC0, NC1, L, NL, NC, and P.
Book Synopsis Studies in Metaphysics by : Peter A. French
Download or read book Studies in Metaphysics written by Peter A. French and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 1979 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies in Metaphysics was first published in 1979. Minnesota Archive Editions uses digital technology to make long-unavailable books once again accessible, and are published unaltered from the original University of Minnesota Press editions.