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Liquefaction Of Coals Using Ultra Fine Particle Unsupported Catalysts In Situ Particle Generation By Rapid Expansion Of Supercritical Fluid Solutions
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Book Synopsis Liquefaction of Coals Using Ultra-fine Particle, Unsupported Catalysts by :
Download or read book Liquefaction of Coals Using Ultra-fine Particle, Unsupported Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research conducted by Textron Defense Systems (TDS) represents a potential new and innovative concept for dispersed coal liquefaction. The technical approach is generation of ultra-fine catalyst particles from supercritical solutions by rapid expansion of either catalyst only, or mixtures of catalyst and coal material in supersaturated solvents. The process of rapid expansion of supercritical fluid solutions was developed at Battelle's Pacific Northwest Laboratories for the intended purpose of providing a new analytical technique for characterizing supercritical fluids. The concept forming the basis of this research is that ultra-fine particles can be generated from supercritical solutions by rapid expansion of either catalyst or catalyst/coal-material mixtures in supersaturated solvents, such as carbon dioxide or water. The focal point of this technique is the rapid transfer of low vapor pressure solute (i.e., catalyst), dissolved in the supercritical fluid solvent, to the gas phase as the solution is expanded through an orifice. The expansion process is characterized by highly nonequilibrium conditions which cause the solute to undergo extremely rapid supersaturation with respect to the solvent, leading to nucleation and particle growth resulting in nanometer size catalyst particles. A supercritical expansion system was designed and built by TDS at their Haverhill facility.
Book Synopsis Liquefaction of Coals Using Ultra-fine Particle, Unsupported Catalysts by :
Download or read book Liquefaction of Coals Using Ultra-fine Particle, Unsupported Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this program is to design and fabricate an experimental ultra-fine particle generation system; use this system to generate ultra-fine, iron compound, catalyst particles; and to access the ability of these ultra-fine catalyst particles to improve the performance of the solubilization stage of two-stage, catalytic-catalytic liquefaction processes. The effort applied to this program during this reporting period was devoted to experimental design and fabrication tasks.
Book Synopsis Liquefaction of Coals Using Ultra-fine Particle, Unsupported Catalysts: In Situ Particle Generation by Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Fluid Solutions by :
Download or read book Liquefaction of Coals Using Ultra-fine Particle, Unsupported Catalysts: In Situ Particle Generation by Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Fluid Solutions written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Liquefaction of Coals Using Ultra-fine Particle, Unsupported Catalysts by :
Download or read book Liquefaction of Coals Using Ultra-fine Particle, Unsupported Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this program is to design and fabricate an experimental ultra-fine particle generation system; use this system to generate ultra-fine, iron compound, catalyst particles; and to access the ability of these ultra-fine catalyst particles to improve the performance of the solubilization stage of two-stage, catalytic-catalytic liquefaction processes. The effort applied to this program during this reporting period was devoted to experimental design and fabrication tasks.
Book Synopsis Liquefaction of Coals Using Ultra-fine Particle, Unsupported Catalysts by :
Download or read book Liquefaction of Coals Using Ultra-fine Particle, Unsupported Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The program objective is to generate ultra-fine catalyst particles (20 to 400 Å in size) and quantify their potential for improving coal dissolution in the solubilization stage of two-stage catalytic-catalytic liquefaction systems. In the first quarterly report for this program the concept behind our approach was detailed, the structure of the program was presented, key technical issues were identified, preliminary designs were outlined, and technical progress was discussed. All progress made during the second quarter of this program related to experiment design of the proposed supercritical expansion technique for generating ultra-fine, iron compound, catalyst particles. This second quarterly report, therefore, presents descriptions of the final designs for most system components; diagnostic approaches and designs for determining particles size and size distributions, and the composition of the pre-expansion supercritical solution; and the overall technique progress made during this reporting period. 6 refs., 15 figs., 1 tab.
Book Synopsis Liquefaction of Coals Using Ultra-fine Particle, Unsupported Catalysts by :
Download or read book Liquefaction of Coals Using Ultra-fine Particle, Unsupported Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this program is to design and fabricate an experimental ultra-fine particle generation system; use this system to generate ultra-fine, iron compound, catalyst particles; and to access the ability of these ultra-fine catalyst particles to improve the performance of solubilization stage of two-stage, catalytic-catalytic liquefaction processes.
Book Synopsis Liquefaction of Coals Using Ultra-fine Particle, Unsupported Catalysts by :
Download or read book Liquefaction of Coals Using Ultra-fine Particle, Unsupported Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this program is to design and fabricate an experimental ultra-fine particle generation system; use this system to generate ultra-fine, iron compound, catalyst particles; and to access the ability of these ultra-fine catalyst particles to improve the performance of the solubilization stage of two-stage, catalytic-catalytic liquefaction processes. The effort applied to this program during this reporting period focused on assembling the supercritical particle generation/collection system. Effort was applied to constructing a shakedown testing plan also.
Book Synopsis Liquefaction of Coals Using Ultra-fine Particle, Unsupported Catalysts by :
Download or read book Liquefaction of Coals Using Ultra-fine Particle, Unsupported Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this program is to design and fabricate an experimental ultra-fine particle generation system; use this system to generate ultra-fine, iron compound, catalyst particles; and to access the ability of these ultra-fine catalyst particles to improve the performance of the solubilization stage of two-stage, catalytic-catalytic liquefaction processes.
Book Synopsis Liquefaction of Coals Using Ultra-fine Particle, Unsupported Catalysts by :
Download or read book Liquefaction of Coals Using Ultra-fine Particle, Unsupported Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The program objective is to generate ultra-fine catalyst particles (20 to 400 Å in size) and quantify their potential for improving coal dissolution in the solubilization stage of two-stage catalytic-catalytic liquefaction systems. It has been shown that catalyst activity increases significantly with decreasing particle size for particle sizes in the submicron range. Ultra-fine catalyst particle generation will be accomplished using a novel two-step process. First, the severe conditions produced by a supercritical fluid (e.g., supercritical H2O or CO2) will be used to dissolve suitable catalyst compounds (e.g., Fe2O3, FeS2, and/or Fe(CO)5). Sulfur containing compounds may be added to the supercritical solvent during catalyst dissolution to enhance the catalytic activity of the resulting ultra-fine, iron based, catalyst particles.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiannual, with semiannual and annual indexes. References to all scientific and technical literature coming from DOE, its laboratories, energy centers, and contractors. Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information, and foreign nonnuclear information. Arranged under 39 categories, e.g., Biomedical sciences, basic studies; Biomedical sciences, applied studies; Health and safety; and Fusion energy. Entry gives bibliographical information and abstract. Corporate, author, subject, report number indexes.
Book Synopsis Novel Technologies for the Production of Ultrafine Coal Liquefaction Catalysts by :
Download or read book Novel Technologies for the Production of Ultrafine Coal Liquefaction Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unusual materials processing technologies offer the potential for forming ultrafine iron-bearing particles suitable for coal liquefaction catalysis. Two such technologies currently under development at the Pacific Northwest Laboratory are the rapid expansion of supercritical fluid solutions (RESS) process and the precipitation of ultrafine particles in reverse micelle solutions. The RESS process involves expansion of dilute solutions through a small orifice from pressures and temperatures at which they exist as supercritical fluids, to ambient or near ambient conditions such that the post-expansion solvent exists solely in the gaseous phase. The abrupt drop in solvent density and the resulting solute particle nucleation and growth which occur during a RESS expansion promote formation of an ultrafine aerosol consisting of nanometer to micrometer scale solid solute particles. Precipitation of iron sulfides and iron oxides in reverse micelle systems as an alternative route to nanometer scale particle formation is also discussed.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Annual Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Fine-particle, Unsupported Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction by :
Download or read book Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Fine-particle, Unsupported Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first task in our proposed study of catalysts for coal liquefaction was to prepare ultrafine dispersed metal sulfide particles by reactive precipitation from solutions of appropriate metal precursors. At this point, equipment to allow us to prepare these air-sensitive materials in an anaerobic environment has been acquired and assembled. Initial experiments aimed at synthesizing iron sulfide particles have been initiated. As part of the investigation of short contact time catalytic coal liquefaction, initial efforts focused on the noncatalytic pyrolysis reactions of coal and a model compound, Dibenzyl ether (DBE). Two different reactor configurations were examined; catalytic experiments are planned for the coming month.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1994-12 with total page 1302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Reactivity of Ultra-fine Coal Liquefaction Catalysts by :
Download or read book Synthesis and Reactivity of Ultra-fine Coal Liquefaction Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Pacific Northwest Laboratory is currently developing ultra-fine iron-based coal liquefaction catalysts using two new particle production technologies: (1) modified reverse micelles (MRM) and (2) rapid thermal decomposition of solutes (RTDS). These methodologies have been shown to allow control over both particle size (from 1 nm to 60 nm) and composition when used to produce ultra-fine iron-based materials. Powders produced using these methods are found to be selective catalysts for carbon-carbon bond scission using the naphthyl bibenzylmethane model compound, and to promote the production of THF soluble coal products during liquefaction studies. This report describes the materials produced by both MRM and the RTDS methods and summarizes the results of preliminary catalysis studies using these materials.
Book Synopsis Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Fine-particle, Unsupported Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction. Technical Progress Report, October 26, 1991--January 25, 1992 by :
Download or read book Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Fine-particle, Unsupported Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction. Technical Progress Report, October 26, 1991--January 25, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this work is to investigate the kinetics-assisted design, synthesis and characterization of fine-particle, unsupported catalysts for coal liquefaction. The goal is to develop a fundamental understanding of coal catalysis and catalysts that will, in turn, allow for the specification of a novel optical catalyst for coal liquefaction.
Book Synopsis Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Fine-particle, Unsupported Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction. Technical Progress Report, January 27, 1991--April 26, 1991 by :
Download or read book Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Fine-particle, Unsupported Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction. Technical Progress Report, January 27, 1991--April 26, 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Initial synthesis work has focused on preparation of fine-particle iron-based compounds using an Fe(CO)5 precursor. Fe(CO)5 was chosen because of the liability of the carbonyl ligands with respect to substitution under either moderate thermal or photochemical reaction conditions. Six synthesis attempts have been carried out with Fe(CO)5 using CS2 as the sulfur source; they are outlined here.
