L'impact de l'externalisation de la lutte européenne contre les migrations irrégulières sur les droits des migrants dans les pays d'origine ou de transit

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 493 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (127 download)

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Book Synopsis L'impact de l'externalisation de la lutte européenne contre les migrations irrégulières sur les droits des migrants dans les pays d'origine ou de transit by : Ndeye Dieynaba Ndiaye

Download or read book L'impact de l'externalisation de la lutte européenne contre les migrations irrégulières sur les droits des migrants dans les pays d'origine ou de transit written by Ndeye Dieynaba Ndiaye and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les années 1990 constituent un tournant décisif dans la gestion de la migration dans l'espace européen et ceci pour plusieurs facteurs. En effet, au moment où une régionalisation ou une communautarisation se mettait en place progressivement en Europe (Schengen 1985 et Convention d'application de 1990), des ressortissants de certains pays tiers tentaient de rejoindre le continent européen dans le but d'améliorer leurs conditions de travail et de vie, de trouver une protection internationale, de fuir les guerres, les conflits et des conditions climatiques peu propices au respect de leurs fondamentaux. Elles coïncident avec la réduction des possibilités de migrer également vers l'Europe, la fermeture et le contrôle des frontières extérieures de l'Union européenne (UE), l'organisation internationale qui regroupe 27 pays membres ayant pour mission de créer une communauté économique et politique et qui a mis en place une politique de lutte contre l'immigration irrégulière. La lutte européenne contre l'immigration vise principalement à stopper l'arrivée de migrants irréguliers et à renvoyer des étrangers irréguliers présents sur le sol européen vers des pays tiers. Désormais, l'accès à l'Europe forteresse devient presque impossible pour des ressortissants provenant de certaines régions notamment d'Afrique subsaharienne qui ont orienté leur choix vers l'immigration irrégulière. De pays d'émigration, le Sénégal et le Maroc deviennent aussi des pays de transit pour les candidats à l'émigration irrégulière vers l'Europe. Cet état de fait explique amplement les choix opérés par l'UE de renforcer sa coopération avec ces pays tiers en vue de mieux lutter contre l'immigration irrégulière. Il s'agit pour l'UE de transférer des obligations et des responsabilités aux pays d'origine ou de transit dans la gestion des flux migratoires et le contrôle des frontières extérieures de l'UE. C'est l'externalisation de la lutte européenne contre l'immigration irrégulière. Cette externalisation se réalise au travers de l'adoption d'accords internationaux qui peuvent mener à l'introduction de clause migratoire également dans des accords généraux conclus entre l'UE et les pays tiers, notamment dans l'accord de Cotonou, conclu entre l'UE et les pays ACP. En outre, l'adoption de déclarations politiques entre l'UE et les pays tiers afin de transférer à ces derniers la responsabilité de limiter les départs et d'accepter de réadmettre leurs ressortissants ou des étrangers ayant transité sur leur sol, qui sont présents irrégulièrement en Europe, est un instrument de mesure de l'externalisation. L'externalisation se réalise aussi dans les pays tiers qui criminalisent la sortie de leurs ressortissants et des étrangers y résidant légalement ou non, dans le but de se rendre en Europe. Par ailleurs, les cadres législatifs adoptés par les autorités marocaines et sénégalaises criminalisent l'immigration et l'émigration irrégulières et la migration clandestine. Le but de la recherche est de démontrer que l'externalisation de la lutte contre les migrations irrégulières de l'UE porte atteinte aux droits des migrants dans les pays d'origine ou de transit, et il paraît essentiel de définir un cadre conceptuel et une méthodologie. Pour ce faire, reposant sur une méthodologie positiviste suivant une approche critique (herméneutique), la recherche analyse les cadres juridiques de l'UE et de pays tiers (Sénégal et Maroc). Ainsi, l'examen de la jurisprudence des juridictions marocaines et sénégalaises relative au contentieux du droit des étrangers montre que les pays tiers contribuent clairement à la lutte européenne contre l'immigration irrégulière, à travers la poursuite et les sanctions appliquées aux ressortissants marocains, sénégalais et étrangers résidant également ou non dans ces pays, pour leur volonté présumée de partir vers le continent européen de façon irrégulière et lors de leur retour dans leur pays d'origine ou de transit. En outre, l'étude de ces deux pays démontre un autre aspect important dans cette externalisation : la difficulté d'établir les responsabilités des États comme de l'UE dans les différentes violations des droits de l'homme des migrants dans ce contexte d'externalisation. Nonobstant la complexité de définir les responsabilités des acteurs dans cette externalisation, la documentation de l'UE et de ses institutions, ainsi que le rôle des agences et particulièrement de Frontex, peuvent apporter un éclairage essentiel à nos interrogations sur la responsabilité des États et de l'UE dans les différentes violations des droits de l'homme constatées lors du renvoi des migrants et de leur blocage dans les pays tiers. Dès lors, il est pertinent d'étudier les positions des juridictions internationales afin d'établir cette responsabilité des États et de l'UE, mais les décisions rendues à ce jour ne permettent pas d'arriver à cette conclusion. Ce faisant, il est plus qu'indispensable de poser de nouvelles orientations si l'on souhaite mettre fin à cette externalisation et à ses conséquences néfastes sur les droits de l'homme des migrants irréguliers même dans les pays tiers, car l'adoption des deux pactes (pacte mondial sur la migration et pacte mondial sur les réfugiés) ne semblent pas apporter des solutions judiciaires et une meilleure protection des droits des migrants

Les effets de l'européanisation de la lutte contre la migration irrégulière sur les droits humains des migrants

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Les effets de l'européanisation de la lutte contre la migration irrégulière sur les droits humains des migrants by : Idil Atak

Download or read book Les effets de l'européanisation de la lutte contre la migration irrégulière sur les droits humains des migrants written by Idil Atak and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les politiques migratoires européennes sont conçues en termes de contrôle de l'entrée et du séjour des étrangers. Depuis la mise en place des conditions de libre circulation dans les années 1980, l'Union européenne est impliquée dans le traitement des non-nationaux qui, auparavant, relevait exclusivement de la discrétion étatique. La migration et l'asile sont aujourd'hui des domaines de compétence partagée entre l'Union et ses membres. La priorité est accordée à la lutte contre la migration irrégulière, perçue non seulement comme un défi à la souveraineté, mais aussi comme une menace à l'État providence et un risque pour la sécurité. Cette recherche porte sur l'européanisation de la lutte contre la migration irrégulière et ses effets sur les droits humains des étrangers. Il est soutenu que l'européanisation définie comme un processus de construction, de diffusion et d'institutionnalisation des normes, des pratiques et des convictions partagées, permet aux États d'atteindre leur objectif de limiter le nombre d'étrangers indésirés, y compris des demandeurs d'asile, sur leur sol. L'européanisation légitime et renforce les mesures préventives et dissuasives existantes à l'encontre des migrants clandestins. De nouvelles normes communes sont produites et de nouveaux dispositifs de coopération européenne sont créés en vue de réprimer la migration irrégulière. Ce phénomène transforme le paradigme migratoire dans les États membres ainsi que les pays candidats à l'adhésion qui se trouvent désormais chargés de la sécurisation des frontières extérieures de l'Union. La recherche démontre que ces développements ont un impact négatif sur les droits fondamentaux. Ils exacerbent aussi la vulnérabilité des demandeurs d'asile assimilés aux migrants économiques. Une analyse comparative de l'européanisation du renvoi forcé en France, au Royaume-Uni et en Turquie montre que la politique européenne engendre des atteintes aux droits et libertés des étrangers et limite leur capacité de contester les violations devant les tribunaux. L'accent est mis sur la nécessité de trouver un équilibre entre la préoccupation légitime des États et de l'Union d'assurer la sécurité et le bien-être de leurs citoyens et la protection des droits des migrants irréguliers. Il revient ultimement aux tribunaux de veiller à ce que le pouvoir discrétionnaire étatique s'exerce en stricte conformité avec les normes constitutionnelles et les obligations internationales découlant du droit international des réfugiés et des droits de l'homme.

La lutte contre l'immigration irrégulière et le droit international

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (957 download)

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Book Synopsis La lutte contre l'immigration irrégulière et le droit international by : Elodie Mouthon

Download or read book La lutte contre l'immigration irrégulière et le droit international written by Elodie Mouthon and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Étant traditionnellement des terres d'accueil, les États-Unis, l'Australie et l'Union européenne tendent progressivement à fermer leurs frontières et à adopter des politiques similaires en matière de lutte contre l'immigration irrégulière. Ces trois pôles majeurs d'immigration essaient de trouver des solutions pour imperméabiliser leurs frontières et ainsi éviter que des flux migratoires non souhaités n'atteignent leurs territoires. Dans cette optique, l'externalisation des contrôles migratoires apparaît être une méthode complémentaire opportune de lutte contre l'immigration irrégulière. Les contrôles migratoires ne s'effectueront plus aux frontières des États d'accueil des migrants mais ils se feront en amont : sur le territoire d'un État tiers ou dans une zone de quasi-vide juridique comme en haute mer. Les États d'émigration et d'immigration devront coopérer et utiliser les instruments du droit international afin de concrétiser cet objectif. La complexité du phénomène migratoire et la faible préemption du droit international sur cette question rendra cette problématique particulièrement délicate. La compatibilité des actions menées par les États-Unis, l'Australie et l'Union européenne sera évaluée au regard des conventions, de la coutume et de la jurisprudence internationale pertinente, les vides juridiques seront dévoilés et des améliorations seront proposées.

Fortress Europe?

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3658170115
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (581 download)

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Book Synopsis Fortress Europe? by : Annette Jünemann

Download or read book Fortress Europe? written by Annette Jünemann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-16 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An unprecedented number of people is currently on the move seeking refuge in Europe. Large parts of European societies respond with anxiety and mistrust to the influx of people. Nationalist, anti-migrant parties from Slovakia over Germany to the UK have gained increasing support among the electorate and challenge the political mainstream. Europe is struggling how to respond. While the search for solutions is ongoing one pattern seems to be emerging: Fortress Europe is in the making. Unfortunately, few of these discussions and measures consider the structural root causes and dynamics of migration, the motives of migrants or societal challenges more thoroughly. This book seeks to address this deficit. Taking migration and asylum policies as a starting point, it analyses the various dimensions underpinning migration. In doing so, it identifies why receiving countries are in many ways part of the problem. To eschew an overtly Euro-centric perspective and stimulate a debate between science and politics, it contains contributions by academics and practitioners alike from both shores of the Mediterranean.

Migration and the Externalities of European Integration

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Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 9780739106297
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Migration and the Externalities of European Integration by : Sandra Lavenex

Download or read book Migration and the Externalities of European Integration written by Sandra Lavenex and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2002 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Migration and the Externalities of European Integration analyzes the extra-European dimension of the European Union's (EU) migration policies and the mechanisms developed to enforce the EU's policy decisions. While previous scholarship has tended to overlook the consequences of Europeanization on actors outside the EU this work scrutinizes the foreign policy dimension in EU migration policies and highlights the Union's complex role as an international actor. Written by scholars of migration policy, the essays discuss the impact of EU asylum and refugee policy on Norway, Switzerland, Eastern Europe, Euro-Mediterranean, and EU-Turkish relations and the effect of migration on European immigration controls and welfare policy. This comprehensive treatment of transnational migration will be a valuable resource for students of international affairs, European integration, and international organization."

Lifestyle Migration

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131710515X
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)

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Book Synopsis Lifestyle Migration by : Michaela Benson

Download or read book Lifestyle Migration written by Michaela Benson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-06 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Relatively affluent individuals from various corners of the globe are increasingly choosing to migrate, spurred on by the promise of a better and more fulfilling way of life within their destination. Despite its increasing scale, migration academics have yet to consolidate and establish lifestyle migration as a subfield of theoretical enquiry, until now. This volume offers a dynamic and holistic analysis of contemporary lifestyle migrations, exploring the expectations and aspirations which inform and drive migration alongside the realities of life within the destination. It also recognizes the structural conditions (and constraints) which frame lifestyle migration, laying the groundwork for further intellectual enquiry. Through rich empirical case studies this volume addresses this important and increasingly common form of migration in a manner that will interest scholars of mobility, migration, lifestyle and culture across the social sciences.

Revisiting Moroccan Migrations

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317215303
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Revisiting Moroccan Migrations by : Mohammed Berriane

Download or read book Revisiting Moroccan Migrations written by Mohammed Berriane and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-02 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the 20th century, Morocco has become one of the world’s major emigration countries. But since 2000, growing immigration and settlement of migrants from sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and Europe confronts Morocco with an entirely new set of social, cultural, political and legal issues. This book explores how continued emigration and increasing immigration is transforming contemporary Moroccan society, with a particular emphasis on the way the Moroccan state is dealing with shifting migratory realities. The authors of this collective volume embark on a dialogue between theory and empirical research, showcasing how contemporary migration theories help understanding recent trends in Moroccan migration, and, vice-versa, how the specific Moroccan case enriches migration theory. This perspective helps to overcome the still predominant Western-centric research view that artificially divide the world into ‘receiving’ and ‘sending’ countries and largely disregards the dynamics of and experiences with migration in countries in the Global South. This book was previously published as a special issue of The Journal of North African Studies.

Controlling a New Migration World

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134526784
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (345 download)

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Book Synopsis Controlling a New Migration World by : Virginie Guiraudon

Download or read book Controlling a New Migration World written by Virginie Guiraudon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-09-02 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Controlling a New Migration World explores the factors that drive recent migration control policies and, in turn, sheds light on the unintended consequences of policies for the new character of migration. This book asks how we can account for the immigration policies of liberal states. Is the recent linkage between migration and security a rhetorical invention of elites or a reflection of changing migrant profiles? Are states' control policies effectively containing or only redirecting unwanted migration flows? This increasingly relevant issue will be of great use to anyone working in comparative politics, sociology and studying ethnicity or international migration, as well as professionals working in the migrant/asylum and public law fields.

Global Migrants, Global Refugees

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Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 1800734131
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Migrants, Global Refugees by : Aristide R. Zolberg

Download or read book Global Migrants, Global Refugees written by Aristide R. Zolberg and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2001-06-01 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, several influential commentators have stated or strongly implied that the advanced industrial democracies are today being overwhelmed by a host of problems - including rapid population growth, the breakup of multi-ethnic states, environmental degredation, and increasing economic differentials between the "developing" and "developed" worlds - for which no effective solutions are at hand. The migration-inducing potential of these post-Cold War developments has been a particular source of concern. This volume provides a counter-catastrophic view of developments and a more sober and balanced assessment of the challenges the United States and other industrial democracies face in the sphere of international migration than that offered in recent years. The first part is devoted to a diagnosis of the problem, revalution of the notion of a "migration crisis" by examining the likely consequences of population growth, environmental degredation, and political conflict in the developing and post-communist worlds. Special attention is also given to the manifestations of these forces in the western hemisphere where they may have direct consequences for immigration to the United States. In the second part the implications for U.S. policy are considered, ranging from promotion of democracy and development of strategies for minimizing international migrations and refugee flows to the intricacies of humanitarian relief and intervention when preventive measures prove ineffective.

The International Organization for Migration, 1951-2001

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Publisher : International Organization for Migration (IOM)
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The International Organization for Migration, 1951-2001 by : Marianne Ducasse-Rogier

Download or read book The International Organization for Migration, 1951-2001 written by Marianne Ducasse-Rogier and published by International Organization for Migration (IOM). This book was released on 2001 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Organization for Migration (IOM) is a global intergovernmental agency which aims to promote balanced migration carried out with respect for human rights and the rule of law. This book charts the history of the organisation over the last fifty years, and provides a broad overview of the IOM's origins, development and programmes. It considers how the changes in migratory patterns have challenged governments and societies, particularly in recent years. It discusses the themes and elements that have remained constant, and which, in many cases are receiving renewed attention. These include migration as an engine for social and economic development, and the importance of research and communication to the effective management of migration.

Mechanisms of Immigration Control

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000184552
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Immigration Control by : Grete Brochmann

Download or read book Mechanisms of Immigration Control written by Grete Brochmann and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-06-03 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perhaps the most vexing question facing Europe today is what to do about asylum seekers and people in search of work who arrive daily, some escaping nations where poverty and persecution are, for them, facts of life. Given its costs - both human and economic - immigration policy has understandably become a highly politicized issue. With the abolition of internal borders within the EU, new controls are needed to stop immigration and to prevent non-citizens from working illegally. New external policies are being used, such as early warning systems and visa controls, with the long-term aim of reducing emigration from poor and war-ridden nations. Europe has also intensified its control of internal aliens. But there are limits to how tight a control can be made without violating the norms and values of the democratic state, where human rights should be valid for citizens and non-citizens alike. However, free immigration is not in the interests of the European states. It might undermine labour and housing markets, make planning impossible, and alter the preconditions for welfare states. This timely book addresses the politics and mechanisms of immigration control in Europe in an effort to unravel its complexities and propose sensible solutions. It covers recent events, including racist and populist party politics, as well as changes in the international setting, such as the development within the European Union and Schengen, and the recent refugee crisis in the former Yugoslavia. It will be essential reading for anyone interested in immigration studies, European politics, international relations, anthropology and sociology.

The Logic of Regional Integration

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521635363
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (353 download)

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Book Synopsis The Logic of Regional Integration by : Walter Mattli

Download or read book The Logic of Regional Integration written by Walter Mattli and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-05-20 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late 1980s regional integration emerged as one of the most important developments in world politics. It is not a new phenomenon, however, and this 1999 book presents an analysis of integration across time, and across regions. Walter Mattli examines projects in nineteenth- and twentieth-century Europe, but also in Latin America, North America and Asia since the 1950s. Using the tools of political economy, he considers why some integration schemes have succeeded while many others have failed; what forces drive the process of integration; and under what circumstances outside countries seek to join. Unlike traditional political science approaches, the book stresses the importance of market forces in determining the outcome of integration; but unlike purely economic analyses, it also highlights the impact of institutional factors. The book will provide students of political science, economics, and European studies with a framework for the study of international cooperation.

Externalising Migration Governance Through Civil Society

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030395782
Total Pages : 101 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Externalising Migration Governance Through Civil Society by : Sabine Dini

Download or read book Externalising Migration Governance Through Civil Society written by Sabine Dini and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-29 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates how the externalisation of EU migration policies is implemented in Tunisia after the fall of the Ben Ali regime in 2011 through the involvement of civil society organisations. The ‘democratic transition’ initiated by the Tunisian Revolution led to the emergence of a ‘vibrant civil society’ as a new actor in the implementation of migration policies. In a country where migration issues are highly politicised and have strongly entered the public space, civil society is now included in the EU-Tunisia negotiation process and is assigned the role of an intermediary for the implementation of controversial European policies related to sedentarisation of the Tunisian population and to the construction of Tunisia as a ‘country of destination’. The volume concludes by suggesting an alternative way of thinking about migrant struggles challenging the European border regime as ‘uncivil society’ struggles.

The Politics of International Migration Management

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 023029488X
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis The Politics of International Migration Management by : M. Geiger

Download or read book The Politics of International Migration Management written by M. Geiger and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-10-13 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the world, governments and intergovernmental organizations, such as the International Organization for Migration are developing new approaches aimed at renewing migration policy-making. This book, now in paperback, critically analyzes the actors, discourses and practices of migration management.

Illegality, Inc.

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Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520958284
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis Illegality, Inc. by : Ruben Andersson

Download or read book Illegality, Inc. written by Ruben Andersson and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2014-08-01 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this groundbreaking ethnography, Ruben Andersson, a gifted anthropologist and journalist, travels along the clandestine migration trail from Senegal and Mali to the Spanish North African enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla. Through the voices of his informants, Andersson explores, viscerally and emphatically, how Europe’s increasingly powerful border regime meets and interacts with its target–the clandestine migrant. This vivid, rich work examines the subterranean migration flow from Africa to Europe, and shifts the focus from the "illegal immigrants" themselves to the vast industry built around their movements. This fascinating and accessible book is a must-read for anyone interested in the politics of international migration and the changing texture of global culture.

Irregular Migration from West Africa to the Maghreb and the European Union

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Irregular Migration from West Africa to the Maghreb and the European Union by : Hein de Haas

Download or read book Irregular Migration from West Africa to the Maghreb and the European Union written by Hein de Haas and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study tries to achieve a more empirically and quantitatively founded understanding of the nature, scale and recent evolution of irregular West African migration to the Maghreb and Europe. It also evaluates how policies to manage trans-Saharan and trans-Mediterranean migration have affected current migration patterns.--Publisher's description.

Power and Negotiation

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Publisher : University of Michigan Press
ISBN 13 : 9780472089079
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Power and Negotiation by : I. William Zartman

Download or read book Power and Negotiation written by I. William Zartman and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines perceived power on the basis of which symmetries and asymmetries in the relations between parties can be identified