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Limbic System Learning And Pituitary Adrenal Function
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Book Synopsis The Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis by :
Download or read book The Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-09-12 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis controls reactions to stress and regulates various body processes such as digestion, the immune system, mood and sexuality, and energy usage. This volume focuses on the role it plays in the immune system and provides substantive experimental and clinical data to support current understanding in the field, and potential applications of this knowledge in the treatment of disease. - Evidence presented in this book suggests that the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems form the Neuroendoimmune Supersystem, which integrates all the biological functions of higher organisms both in health and disease for their entire life cycle - Contributors include both the scientists who initiated the work on the HPA axis and on the autonomic nervous system, and those who joined the field later
Book Synopsis Magnesium in the Central Nervous System by : Robert Vink
Download or read book Magnesium in the Central Nervous System written by Robert Vink and published by University of Adelaide Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain is the most complex organ in our body. Indeed, it is perhaps the most complex structure we have ever encountered in nature. Both structurally and functionally, there are many peculiarities that differentiate the brain from all other organs. The brain is our connection to the world around us and by governing nervous system and higher function, any disturbance induces severe neurological and psychiatric disorders that can have a devastating effect on quality of life. Our understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the brain has improved dramatically in the last two decades. In particular, the critical role of cations, including magnesium, has become evident, even if incompletely understood at a mechanistic level. The exact role and regulation of magnesium, in particular, remains elusive, largely because intracellular levels are so difficult to routinely quantify. Nonetheless, the importance of magnesium to normal central nervous system activity is self-evident given the complicated homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the concentration of this cation within strict limits essential for normal physiology and metabolism. There is also considerable accumulating evidence to suggest alterations to some brain functions in both normal and pathological conditions may be linked to alterations in local magnesium concentration. This book, containing chapters written by some of the foremost experts in the field of magnesium research, brings together the latest in experimental and clinical magnesium research as it relates to the central nervous system. It offers a complete and updated view of magnesiums involvement in central nervous system function and in so doing, brings together two main pillars of contemporary neuroscience research, namely providing an explanation for the molecular mechanisms involved in brain function, and emphasizing the connections between the molecular changes and behavior. It is the untiring efforts of those magnesium researchers who have dedicated their lives to unraveling the mysteries of magnesiums role in biological systems that has inspired the collation of this volume of work.
Book Synopsis Anxiety Disorders by : Kerry Ressler
Download or read book Anxiety Disorders written by Kerry Ressler and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-15 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anxiety affects millions, manifesting as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive compulsive disorder, panic disorder, phobias, post-traumatic-stress disorder (PTSD), and social anxiety disorder. Not only are anxiety disorders common, but they are also crippling, frequently co-occurring and predict high risk for depressive disorders. Shared mechanisms may explain the overlapping features of many anxiety disorders and account for associations with other highly-impairing conditions, such as major depression and substance use. Beyond risk for specific disorders, anxiety also predicts a number of other adverse outcomes, including suicidal behavior, medical problems, social, and economic difficulties. Conversely, disorder-specific mechanisms may also exist and explain the unique features of each syndrome. Thus, it is important to understand both shared and specific aspects of anxiety. The Primer on Anxiety Disorders provides early-stage practitioners and trainees, as well as seasoned clinicians and researchers, with need-to-know knowledge on diagnosis and treatment. Clinical cases are used throughout the book to enhance understanding of and illustrate specific disorders, comorbid conditions and clinical issues. To facilitate an integrative approach, content allows clinicians to understand patient characteristics and tailor interventions. The integrated approach of each chapter includes recent research on genetics and neuroscience to understand the mechanisms of anxiety disorders, focusing on the forthcoming new nosology in DSM-5. Chapters further integrate innovative advances in clinical research providing research on a range of discoveries regarding biomarkers of illness, biological predictors of treatments and the effect of treatment on neurocircuitry.
Book Synopsis Neural Plasticity and Memory by : Federico Bermudez-Rattoni
Download or read book Neural Plasticity and Memory written by Federico Bermudez-Rattoni and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-04-17 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, multidisciplinary review, Neural Plasticity and Memory: From Genes to Brain Imaging provides an in-depth, up-to-date analysis of the study of the neurobiology of memory. Leading specialists share their scientific experience in the field, covering a wide range of topics where molecular, genetic, behavioral, and brain imaging techniq
Book Synopsis The Limbic System by : Robert Isaacson
Download or read book The Limbic System written by Robert Isaacson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 107 with treatments that affect the arousal of the animals is also implied on the basis of the behavioral changes induced in the lesioned animals by amphetamine administration and by changes in the motivational circumstances under which the animals are tested. Studies of the effects of cingulate lesions in the rat have involved the production of midline cortical damage. Unfortunately, as reported in the previous chapter, the midline cortex of the rat is not comparable to the midline cortex of other animals as defined on the basis of the fibers it receives from the thalamus. In addition, lesions of the midline cortex, whether in the rat or in other species, are likely to interfere with fibers of the neural systems in or near it. These include the cingulum bundle and the supracallosal fibers of the fornix. Norepi nephrine-containing fibers also pass through this region in or near the cingulum bundle. These fibers ascend through the anterior dor solateral septal area and turn up and back to pass through the midline regions and innervate the entire medial cortex (Morrison, Molliver, & Grzanna, 1979). Lesions in this area reduce the norepinephrine distribution throughout the rostrocaudal extent of the medial cortex. A similar problem results from destruction to the anterior cortical regions. Lesions in that region could reduce the norepinephrine sup plies of the entire dorsolateral cortex.
Download or read book The Amygdala written by Barbara Ferry and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The amygdala is a central component of the limbic system, which is known to play a critical role in emotional processing of learning and memory. Over these last 20 years, major advances in techniques for examining brain activity greatly helped the scientific community to determine the nature of the contribution of the amygdala to these fundamental aspects of cognition. Combined with new conceptual breakthroughs, research data obtained in animals and humans have also provided major insights into our understanding of the processes by which amygdala dysfunction contributes to various brain disorders, such as autism or Alzheimer's disease. Although the primary goal of this book is to inform experts and newcomers of some of the latest data in the field of brain structures involved in the mechanisms underlying emotional learning and memory, we hope it will also help stimulate discussion on the functional role of the amygdala and connected brain structures in these mechanisms.
Book Synopsis Adaptive Capabilities of the Nervous System by :
Download or read book Adaptive Capabilities of the Nervous System written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adaptive Capabilities of the Nervous System
Book Synopsis Hormones, Homeostasis and the Brain by :
Download or read book Hormones, Homeostasis and the Brain written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-09-21 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hormones, Homeostasis and the Brain
Book Synopsis Interaction of Nervous and Endocrine Mechanisms in Integrative Brain Activity and Behaviour by : Liudmila A. Severyanova
Download or read book Interaction of Nervous and Endocrine Mechanisms in Integrative Brain Activity and Behaviour written by Liudmila A. Severyanova and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2024-06-28 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The material in this monograph was obtained by the authors in years of research carried out at Kursk State Medical University, Russia. This original, evidence-based research studied the behavior and effects of peptide hormones (melanocortins) and corticosteroids on the excitability and interaction of brain structures. Multiple objective indicators of brain functioning were recorded, taking into account behavioral, motor and visceral manifestations; stereotactic technique, electroencephalography, electrocardiography, electromyography, neuropharmacological and structural-functional analysis were used. The mechanisms of hormonal influence on integrative brain activity that ensure the selection and maintenance of biologically adequate behavior and adaptation have been established. Due to the findings of this research, this book explores the origin of mental disorders in diseases of the pituitary and adrenal glands and during hormonal therapy, and to substantiate the purposeful synthesis of active oligopeptides as new drugs. The book will be of use to physiologists, pathophysiologists, endocrinologists, neuropathologists, psychiatrists, university students, and doctors taking upgrading courses.
Book Synopsis fMRI Neurofeedback by : Michelle Hampson
Download or read book fMRI Neurofeedback written by Michelle Hampson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-10-09 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: fMRI Neurofeedback provides a perspective on how the field of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) neurofeedback has evolved, an introduction to state-of-the-art methods used for fMRI neurofeedback, a review of published neuroscientific and clinical applications, and a discussion of relevant ethical considerations. It gives a view of the ongoing research challenges throughout and provides guidance for researchers new to the field on the practical implementation and design of fMRI neurofeedback protocols. This book is designed to be accessible to all scientists and clinicians interested in conducting fMRI neurofeedback research, addressing the variety of different knowledge gaps that readers may have given their varied backgrounds and avoiding field-specific jargon. The book, therefore, will be suitable for engineers, computer scientists, neuroscientists, psychologists, and physicians working in fMRI neurofeedback. - Provides a reference on fMRI neurofeedback covering history, methods, mechanisms, clinical applications, and basic research, as well as ethical considerations - Offers contributions from international experts—leading research groups are represented, including from Europe, Japan, Israel, and the United States - Includes coverage of data analytic methods, study design, neuroscience mechanisms, and clinical considerations - Presents a perspective on future translational development
Book Synopsis Endogenous Peptides and Learning and Memory Processes by : Joe L. Jr. Martinez
Download or read book Endogenous Peptides and Learning and Memory Processes written by Joe L. Jr. Martinez and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Endogenous Peptides and Learning and Memory Processes presents the role of pituitary and central nervous system peptidergic systems in the modulation of memory and learning. This book discusses the various experimental findings concerning the role of peptides in attention, memory, conditioning, opiate tolerance, and amnesia. Organized into five parts encompassing 26 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the possible chemical relationship between melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). This text then discusses the complex behavioral activities of ACTH involving processes that serve the adaptive abilities of the organism, such as memory, learning, motivation, attention, and arousal. Other chapters consider the possibility that post-training injection of some hormones may aid retention performance following training in a one-trial inhibitory avoidance task. The final chapter deals with the various types of behavioral tests for studying the central nervous system effects of peptides. This book is a valuable resource for specialists, teachers, clinicians, and researchers in the fields of neuropharmacology, behavioral pharmacology, experimental psychology, and psychopharmacology.
Book Synopsis Adrenal Actions on Brain by : Detlev Ganten
Download or read book Adrenal Actions on Brain written by Detlev Ganten and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Brain and Behavior by : David L. Clark
Download or read book The Brain and Behavior written by David L. Clark and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-09-08 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New edition building on the success of previous one. Retains core aim of providing an accessible introduction to behavioral neuroanatomy.
Book Synopsis ACTH Action in the Adrenal Cortex: From Molecular Biology to Pathophysiology by : Nicole Gallo-Payet
Download or read book ACTH Action in the Adrenal Cortex: From Molecular Biology to Pathophysiology written by Nicole Gallo-Payet and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-07-27 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By stimulating adrenal gland and corticosteroid synthesis, the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) plays a central role in response to stress. In this Research Topic, a particular attention has been given to the recent developments on adrenocortical zonation; the growth-promoting activities of ACTH; the various steps involved in acute and chronic regulation of steroid secretion by ACTH, including the effect of ACTH on circadian rhythms of glucocorticoid secretion. The Research Topic also reviews progress and challenges surrounding the properties of ACTH binding to the MC2 receptor (MC2R), including the importance of melanocortin-2 receptor accessory protein (MRAP) in MC2R expression and function, the various intracellular signaling cascades, which involve not only protein kinase A, the key mediator of ACTH action, but also phosphatases, phosphodiesterases, ion channels and the cytoskeleton. The importance of the proteins involved in the cell detoxification is also considered, in particular the effect that ACTH has on protection against reactive oxygen species generated during steroidogenesis. The impact of the cellular microenvironment, including local production of ACTH is discussed, both as an important factor in the maintenance of homeostasis, but also in pathological situations, such as severe inflammation. Finally, the Research Topic reviews the role that the pituitary-adrenal axis may have in the development of metabolic disorders. In addition to mutations or alterations of expression of genes encoding components of the steroidogenesis and signaling pathways, chronic stress and sleep disturbance are both associated with hyperactivity of the adrenal gland. A resulting effect is increased glucocorticoid secretion inducing food intake and weight gain, which, in turn, leads to insulin and leptin resistance. These aspects are described in detail in this Research Topic by key investigators in the field. Many of the aspects addressed in this Research Topic still represent a stimulus for future studies, their outcome aimed at providing evidence of the central position occupied by the adrenal cortex in many metabolic functions when its homeostasis is disrupted. An in-depth investigation of the mechanisms underlying these pathways will be invaluable in developing new therapeutic tools and strategies.
Book Synopsis From Neurons to Neighborhoods by : National Research Council
Download or read book From Neurons to Neighborhoods written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-11-13 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.
Book Synopsis National Library of Medicine Current Catalog by : National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
Download or read book National Library of Medicine Current Catalog written by National Library of Medicine (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 1256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.
Book Synopsis Studies in Neurolinguistics by : Haiganoosh Whitaker
Download or read book Studies in Neurolinguistics written by Haiganoosh Whitaker and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies in Neurolinguistics, Volume 3 presents detailed case histories, multi-subject experimental studies, literature reviews, and research papers that employ a variety of experimental and observational techniques. This volume contains seven chapters that focus on a wide range of research in the field of neurolinguistics. Chapter 1 discusses the various approaches to the problem of auditory comprehension in aphasia. A survey of the world's literature on bilingualism and aphasia is provided in chapter 2. The third chapter examines the different models and explanations for conduction aphasia. Chapter 4 provides a synthesis of the anatomic, physiologic, and behavioral research on the role of the limbic system in human communication. Chapter 5 presents a model of individual differences in hemispheric functioning, in which a number of theories about the left and right hemispheres are analyzed and compared. Chapter 6 shows how different levels of language are revealed. The last chapter addresses "The Question of Electrophysiological Asymmetries Preceding Speech" in a study of the readiness potentials over the motor and premotor regions in eight subjects. Linguists, psychologists, and neurologists will find the book highly informative.
