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Le Principe De Moindre Action Et Les Principes Variationnels En Physique
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Book Synopsis Le principe de moindre action et les principes variationnels en physique by : Jean-Louis Basdevant
Download or read book Le principe de moindre action et les principes variationnels en physique written by Jean-Louis Basdevant and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'optimisation sous contraintes fait partie de la vie quotidienne : chacun tente de vivre le mieux possible compte tenu d'intérêts contradictoires entre les besoins, les désirs et les contingences matérielles. Cette notion d'équilibre était chère aux penseurs du siècle des Lumières : en affirmant que " dans toute magistrature, il faut compenser la grandeur de la puissance par la brièveté de sa durée ", Montesquieu donnait un exemple d'une étonnante actualité. La découverte du principe de moindre temps par Fermat en optique, et celle du principe de moindre action par Maupertuis - aidé par son ami Euler, en mécanique, marquèrent le début d'une grande aventure tant philosophique que scientifique. Ce travail fut ancré par le calcul variationnel développé par Euler et Lagrange. Les phénomènes physiques apparurent comme des problèmes d'optimisation sous contraintes résultant de situations d'équilibre optimales entre causes en conflit. Depuis cette époque, cet aspect n'a cessé de se développer au point de devenir une pierre angulaire de la physique moderne. Sous le vocable " principes variationnels ", ces formulations des lois de la nature ont la caractéristique d'être universelles et globales. De même que le principe de Fermat explique les mirages en optique, de même, en relativité générale, la courbure des rayons lumineux par le champ gravitationnel donne lieu à de spectaculaires mirages et effets de lentille gravitationnels qui permettent de sonder l'état du cosmos dans sa prime jeunesse. L'ambition de ce livre est avant tout de décrire, à partir du principe de moindre action de Maupertuis, la mécanique analytique de Lagrange et de Hamilton qui fait partie du bagage de fond de tout étudiant ou chercheur en physique. Mais on peut assez aisément franchir le pas menant à l'explication de quantité d'autres exemples physiques. Les outils développés ici permettent de présenter la théorie lagrangienne des champs et, surtout, celle du mouvement d'une particule dans un espace courbe, ce qui permet d'avoir un avant-goût simple mais riche de la relativité générale et de ses premières applications. Le dernier chapitre donne un aperçu de la théorie de Feynman de la mécanique quantique qui permet de découvrir des structures communes à des domaines de la physique a priori très éloignés.
Book Synopsis Histoire du principe de moindre action by : Florence Martin-Robine
Download or read book Histoire du principe de moindre action written by Florence Martin-Robine and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toutes les théories physiques nées au XXe siècle font appel à un principe fondamental et universel, le principe de moindre action. Maupertuis l'énonça en 1744 sous la formule suivante : "La nature agit toujours par les voies les plus simples et les plus courtes." L'auteure revient sur la place de ce principe au sein du travail des plus grands scientifiques des 250 dernières années.
Book Synopsis Principes variationnels de la physique by : Jean-Louis Basdevant
Download or read book Principes variationnels de la physique written by Jean-Louis Basdevant and published by De Boeck Supérieur. This book was released on 2022-04-19 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ce manuel de physique consacré aux principes variationnels intègre les développements les plus récents en recherche fondamentale. Il est complété par de nombreux appendices traitant d'applications simples (ex. mécanique, pratique du sport, économie ou bien sismologie). Présents dans tous les domaines de la recherche en physique, les principes variationnels ont la double caractéristique d'être universels et de montrer que leurs lois peuvent être énoncées comme résultant de « situations d'équilibre optimales » entre causes en conflit. Ils présentent les phénomènes naturels comme des problèmes d'optimisation sous contraintes (ex. le principe de monde action). Ils ont produit des résultats physiques de plus en plus riches dont beaucoup sont à la base de la physique et de l'astrophysique contemporaine. Rédigé pour les étudiants en Masters de Physique et de Physique-chimie ainsi que pour les élèves des écoles d'ingénieur, cette 4e édition totalement refondue, s'enrichie encore des tous derniers développements du domaine dont le plus marquant est la détection des ondes gravitationnelles en septembre 2014 (prix Nobel en 2017). Sommaire : 1. Le principe physique « d'économie naturelle » - 2. Principes variationnels - 3. La mécanique analytique de Lagrange - 4. Formalisme canonique d'Hamilton - 5. Action, optique, Équation d'Hamilton-Jacobi - 6. Théorie lagrangienne des champs - 7. Mouvement dans un espace courbe - 8. La phase et le principe de Feynman - 9. Les ondes gravitationnelles - Solutions des exercices - Bibliographie - Index
Book Synopsis Recherches sur la philosophie des sciences by :
Download or read book Recherches sur la philosophie des sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 2312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Principia written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Interférences et transformations dans la philosophie française et autrichienne by :
Download or read book Interférences et transformations dans la philosophie française et autrichienne written by and published by Editions Kimé. This book was released on 1999 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Annales de la Fondation Louis de Broglie by : Fondation Louis de Broglie
Download or read book Annales de la Fondation Louis de Broglie written by Fondation Louis de Broglie and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Noesis written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Archives Internationales D'histoire Des Sciences by :
Download or read book Archives Internationales D'histoire Des Sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Historia Scientiarum written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Dirac Equation by : Bernd Thaller
Download or read book The Dirac Equation written by Bernd Thaller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ever since its invention in 1929 the Dirac equation has played a fundamental role in various areas of modern physics and mathematics. Its applications are so widespread that a description of all aspects cannot be done with sufficient depth within a single volume. In this book the emphasis is on the role of the Dirac equation in the relativistic quantum mechanics of spin-1/2 particles. We cover the range from the description of a single free particle to the external field problem in quantum electrodynamics. Relativistic quantum mechanics is the historical origin of the Dirac equation and has become a fixed part of the education of theoretical physicists. There are some famous textbooks covering this area. Since the appearance of these standard texts many books (both physical and mathematical) on the non relativistic Schrodinger equation have been published, but only very few on the Dirac equation. I wrote this book because I felt that a modern, comprehensive presentation of Dirac's electron theory satisfying some basic requirements of mathematical rigor was still missing.
Book Synopsis Lectures in Theoretical Physics by : Asim Orhan Barut
Download or read book Lectures in Theoretical Physics written by Asim Orhan Barut and published by . This book was released on 1972-08 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Les principes variationnels en physique by : Jean-Louis Basdevant
Download or read book Les principes variationnels en physique written by Jean-Louis Basdevant and published by . This book was released on 2014-02-28 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les principes variationnels sont présents dans tous les domaines de la physique. Rédigé à l'attention des étudiants en Masters Sciences de la matière et en écoles d'ingénieurs, ce manuel se focalise principalement sur la mécanique analytique de Lagrange et d'Hamilton, essentielle à la culture de tout physicien, et donne des aperçus sur plusieurs de ses extensions. Il est complété par des démonstrations ainsi que de nombreux exercices corrigés.
Book Synopsis The Method of Second Quantization by : F.A. Berazin
Download or read book The Method of Second Quantization written by F.A. Berazin and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Method of Second Quantization deals with the method of second quantization and its use to solve problems of quantum mechanics involving an indefinite number of particles, mainly in field theory and quantum statistics. Topics covered include operations on generating functionals; linear canonical transformations; quadratic operators; and Thirring's four-fermion model. State spaces and the simplest operators are also described. This book is comprised of four chapters and begins with an overview of the method of second quantization and the relevant notations. The first chapter focuses on the connections between vectors and functionals and between operators and functionals, together with fundamental rules for operating on functionals. The reader is then introduced to the so-called quadratic operators and the linear canonical transformations closely connected with them. Quadratic operators reduced and not reduced to normal form are considered. The final chapter discusses the Thirring model, the simplest relativistically invariant model in quantum field theory, and explains why it includes infinities. This monograph will be of value to students and practitioners of mathematical physics.
Book Synopsis The Schrödinger Equation by : F.A. Berezin
Download or read book The Schrödinger Equation written by F.A. Berezin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume deals with those topics of mathematical physics, associated with the study of the Schrödinger equation, which are considered to be the most important. Chapter 1 presents the basic concepts of quantum mechanics. Chapter 2 provides an introduction to the spectral theory of the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation. Chapter 3 opens with a discussion of the spectral theory of the multi-dimensional Schrödinger equation, which is a far more complex case and requires careful consideration of aspects which are trivial in the one-dimensional case. Chapter 4 presents the scattering theory for the multi-dimensional non-relativistic Schrödinger equation, and the final chapter is devoted to quantization and Feynman path integrals. These five main chapters are followed by three supplements, which present material drawn on in the various chapters. The first two supplements deal with general questions concerning the spectral theory of operators in Hilbert space, and necessary information relating to Sobolev spaces and elliptic equations. Supplement 3, which essentially stands alone, introduces the concept of the supermanifold which leads to a more natural treatment of quantization. Although written primarily for mathematicians who wish to gain a better awareness of the physical aspects of quantum mechanics and related topics, it will also be useful for mathematical physicists who wish to become better acquainted with the mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics. Much of the material included here has been based on lectures given by the authors at Moscow State University, and this volume can also be recommended as a supplementary graduate level introduction to the spectral theory of differential operators with both discrete and continuous spectra. This English edition is a revised, expanded version of the original Soviet publication.
Book Synopsis Mécanique Analytique by : Joseph-Louis Lagrange
Download or read book Mécanique Analytique written by Joseph-Louis Lagrange and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-20 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Joseph-Louis Lagrange (1736-1813), one of the notable French mathematicians of the Revolutionary period, is remembered for his work in the fields of analysis, number theory and mechanics. Like Laplace and Legendre, Lagrange was assisted by d'Alembert, and it was on the recommendation of the latter and the urging of Frederick the Great himself that Lagrange succeeded Euler as the director of mathematics at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin. The two-volume Mécanique analytique was first published in 1788; the edition presented here is that of 1811-15, revised by the author before his death. In this work, claimed to be the most important on classical mechanics since Newton, Lagrange developed the law of virtual work, from which single principle the whole of solid and fluid mechanics can be derived.
Book Synopsis Mathematics and Optimal Form by : Stefan Hildebrandt
Download or read book Mathematics and Optimal Form written by Stefan Hildebrandt and published by W H Freeman & Company. This book was released on 1985-01-01 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Looks at the history of the calculus of variations, describes the connection between soap films and mathematical structure, and discusses the design of buildings and living things
