Law And Finance After The Financial Crisis

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Law and Finance after the Financial Crisis

Author : Abdul Karim Aldohni
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317385578
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis Law and Finance after the Financial Crisis by : Abdul Karim Aldohni

Download or read book Law and Finance after the Financial Crisis written by Abdul Karim Aldohni and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-12-19 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2008 financial crisis has become one of the defining features of the twenty first century’s first decade. The series of events which unfolded in the aftermath of the crisis has exposed major structural flaws in many of the financial systems around the globe, triggering a global call for legal and regulatory reforms to address the problems that have been uncovered. This book deals with a neglected angle of the 2008 financial crisis looking in-depth at the implicit effects of the 2008 crisis on the UK financial market. The book considers new trends in finance which have emerged since the crisis as well as the challenges faced by some older practices in the UK financial markets. After providing a reflective account of the history of law and creditors in the UK the book investigates the proliferation of certain forms of financing that have recently become very visible parts of the UK financial market’s structure, such as high cost short term lending and peer to peer lending. It provides legal and economic accounts of these forms of alternative lending, charting their developments, current status and critically assesses their impact on the UK financial market. Also examined are the ongoing funding difficulties faced by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and the suitability of the UK current legal framework to support these institutions. The book goes on to look at the viability and safety of some other post crisis trends such as banks use of Contingent Convertible Bonds (CoCos) to improve their resilience.

Money, Morality and Law

Author : Gerald Nels Olson
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN 13 : 9403509805
Total Pages : 1052 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Money, Morality and Law by : Gerald Nels Olson

Download or read book Money, Morality and Law written by Gerald Nels Olson and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2019-07-16 with total page 1052 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Standing apart from the swollen stream of writing dealing with financial crises, this much-needed book makes a legal case for enforcement of legal accountability for financial crises and for providing justice for the inestimable and untold human suffering caused by Washington and Wall Street. The extraordinarily detailed analysis comes with the authority of a widely experienced and internationally respected banking and finance lawyer. The book’s driving forces may be summarized as follows: it establishes that persistent and progressive money debasement is at the heart of all serious systemic financial crises; it establishes that the crisis in 2008 was not only simply immoral or wrong but also illegal, the result of intentional violation of the foundational legal requirements of honest, safe, and sound money and banking; it establishes that Washington and Wall Street have intentionally manipulated asset values and liquidity characteristics through proliferation of ineffective banking law and regulation magnified by the rise of structured finance and shadow banking. Basing its analysis on numerous case studies and illustrations, this book enables readers to untangle the web of false narratives wrought by Washington and Wall Street to obscure and misdirect any clear understanding of how fundamental civil, legal and constitutional rights are undermined. Designed to empower readers to effect meaningful legal action against money manipulation and debasement for the benefit of financial elites, this book is essential reading for banking lawyers, bankers, securities firms, lobbyists, government regulators and supervisory institutions. It is also sure to be welcomed by academics in finance and securities law.

Law and Finance after the Financial Crisis

Author : Abdul Karim Aldohni
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317385586
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis Law and Finance after the Financial Crisis by : Abdul Karim Aldohni

Download or read book Law and Finance after the Financial Crisis written by Abdul Karim Aldohni and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-12-19 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2008 financial crisis has become one of the defining features of the twenty first century’s first decade. The series of events which unfolded in the aftermath of the crisis has exposed major structural flaws in many of the financial systems around the globe, triggering a global call for legal and regulatory reforms to address the problems that have been uncovered. This book deals with a neglected angle of the 2008 financial crisis looking in-depth at the implicit effects of the 2008 crisis on the UK financial market. The book considers new trends in finance which have emerged since the crisis as well as the challenges faced by some older practices in the UK financial markets. After providing a reflective account of the history of law and creditors in the UK the book investigates the proliferation of certain forms of financing that have recently become very visible parts of the UK financial market’s structure, such as high cost short term lending and peer to peer lending. It provides legal and economic accounts of these forms of alternative lending, charting their developments, current status and critically assesses their impact on the UK financial market. Also examined are the ongoing funding difficulties faced by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and the suitability of the UK current legal framework to support these institutions. The book goes on to look at the viability and safety of some other post crisis trends such as banks use of Contingent Convertible Bonds (CoCos) to improve their resilience.

The Role and Character of Law in Financial Markets

Author : Jennie Robinson
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3668746958
Total Pages : 7 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (687 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role and Character of Law in Financial Markets by : Jennie Robinson

Download or read book The Role and Character of Law in Financial Markets written by Jennie Robinson and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2018-07-10 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Submitted Assignment from the year 2015 in the subject Economics - Finance, grade: 65.00, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London (CEFIMS), course: Financial Law, language: English, abstract: Before the 2008-2009 global financial crisis, law was a necessary tool for financial markets. English financial law represents “the entire body of legal rules that govern and regulate financial markets, financial assets and financial transactions under the law of England and Wales”. It is classified as “a sub-species of English commercial law, which is heavily influenced by English common law”. According to Ellinger et al., « in order to safeguard the stability of the banking system, a degree of regulation and supervision needs to be imposed on banks themselves ». In this context, the United Kingdom passed the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, which authorized the Financial Services Authorities to become « a super-regulator , having responsibility for the regulation and supervision of the whole financial services sector ». However, this regulatory system was not suited for adressing the difficulties the banks were going into during the global financial crisis of 2008-2009. After the crisis, law and regulation's role shifted to provide more protection for financial stability and for the prevention of any misconducts. The Banking Act 2009 was going to fill the gap in « dealing with pre-insolvency 'stabilization' and with banking insolvency and administration ». And a year later, the Financial Services Act 2010 was given the role of « strengthening the powers of the FSA and giving it a 'financial stability' objective. In this paper, we are going to critically discuss the different views on the role of law and finance before and after the financial crises areas.

Regulation and the Global Financial Crisis

Author : Daniel Cash
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429576536
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)

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Book Synopsis Regulation and the Global Financial Crisis by : Daniel Cash

Download or read book Regulation and the Global Financial Crisis written by Daniel Cash and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-24 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Financial Crisis was a cross-sector crisis that fundamentally affected modern society. Regulation, as a concept, was both blamed for allowing the crisis to happen, but also tasked with developing and implementing solutions in the wake of the crash. In this book, a number of specialists from a range of fields have contributed their insights into the effect of the Financial Crisis upon the regulatory frameworks affecting their fields, how regulators have responded to the Crisis, and then what this may mean for the future of regulation within those industries. These analyses are joined by a picture of past financial crises – which reveals interesting patterns – and then analyses of architectural regulatory models that were fundamentally affected by the Crisis. The book aims to allow sector specialists the freedom to share their insights so that, potentially, a broader picture can be identified. Providing an interesting and thought-provoking account of this societally impactful era, this book will help the reader develop a more informed understanding of the potential future of financial regulation. The book will be of value to researchers, students, advanced level students, regulators, and policymakers.

Finance and Law

Author : Ludo Cornelis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781780681726
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (817 download)

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Book Synopsis Finance and Law by : Ludo Cornelis

Download or read book Finance and Law written by Ludo Cornelis and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the financial crisis in 2007, which turned into an economic crisis soon afterwards, it was obvious that public law could not prevent the genesis of this crisis, even though it has adequate instruments to make a reoccurrence of such a crisis unlikely. Financial law, tax law, and even aspects of criminal law are designed to regulate the behavior of financial institutions and other corporations. Since public law was unable to avoid the 2007 crisis, there can only be one conclusion: its instruments did not work properly or, worse, were badly designed or applied. Since 2007, a lot has been done from a financial, tax, or criminal law point of view, confirming this finding. Regulation has thus been at the center of the financial and legal debate, but a real understanding of the lessons of the crisis also requires an account to be taken of private law. Is there a possible connection between private law and the outbreak of a financial and economic crisis? In the current design, did private law mechanisms or instruments contribute to the crisis? Does private law provide mechanisms that might have prevented the genesis of a financial crisis? If so, why did these mechanisms fail to do so? And, is there a need for new or modified instruments to improve the impact of private law on events that may lead to a new crisis? This rigorous, enlightening, and thought-provoking book makes it clear that private law and the possibility of a financial and economic crisis are strongly intertwined. It shows that private law provides as many useful institutions, mechanisms, and instruments against the emergence of such a crisis as public law does. Subject: Private Law, Finance Law, Law and Economics]

Rethinking Regulation of International Finance

Author : Uzma Ashraf Barton
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN 13 : 9041189181
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis Rethinking Regulation of International Finance by : Uzma Ashraf Barton

Download or read book Rethinking Regulation of International Finance written by Uzma Ashraf Barton and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2016-04-24 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why have financial standards and institutions almost always failed to effectively predict and respond to real-world financial crises? The answer, this challenging book shows, is that international financial law suffers from a persistent lack of judicial or quasi-judicial enforcement mechanisms, leaving flaws in the structure of the international financial system that lead inevitably to excesses that threaten the public good of global financial stability. The author, an internationally renowned legal expert on financial and fiscal reforms, responds to the increasingly urgent call for rethinking the structure and the functioning of international financial law. Centering on the concept of enforcement – which continues to be an unresolved issue in the discipline of international financial law – the analysis describes the likely contours of hard-law regulatory reform. It weighs the pros and cons of much-talked-about regulatory and policy issues like the following and more: – policy implications from the transformation of finance from a domestic to an international concept; – new or revised supervisory and regulatory bodies with redefined mandate, jurisdictions and powers; – possibility of a treaty-based structure similar to the European Union’s integration framework; and – consolidation of crisis-prevention and crisis-management policies; The analysis takes into account instances from trade and monetary systems pertinent to the development of the discipline of international financial law. A concluding chapter explores possibilities for putting in place an asset-backed resilient financial system based on risk-sharing and empowered to legislate reform and authorized to seek compliance from its members. With its provision of unconventional alternatives for further development of international financial law to realize stable, predictable and robust international markets – including early-warning systems and fully primed crisis-prevention mechanisms – the book explores the essential link between global financial stability, effective regulation and institutional development that will engender realistic global policy solutions. It will prove to be of great importance to regulatory and legal practitioners as well as to academic and think-tank scholars.

Law, Bubbles, and Financial Regulation

Author : Erik F. Gerding
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134642695
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (346 download)

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Book Synopsis Law, Bubbles, and Financial Regulation by : Erik F. Gerding

Download or read book Law, Bubbles, and Financial Regulation written by Erik F. Gerding and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-12-04 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Financial regulation can fail when it is needed the most. The dynamics of asset price bubbles weaken financial regulation just as financial markets begin to overheat and the risk of crisis spikes. At the same time, the failure of financial regulations adds further fuel to a bubble. This book examines the interaction of bubbles and financial regulation. It explores the ways in which bubbles lead to the failure of financial regulation by outlining five dynamics, which it collectively labels the "Regulatory Instability Hypothesis." . The book concludes by outlining approaches to make financial regulation more resilient to these dynamics that undermine law.

Redefining the Market-State Relationship

Author : Ioannis Glinavos
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136014802
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Redefining the Market-State Relationship by : Ioannis Glinavos

Download or read book Redefining the Market-State Relationship written by Ioannis Glinavos and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an interdisciplinary overview of the role of law in modern capitalism in the context of financial crisis. In this work, the reader will find a discussion of key issues relevant to the crisis that have occupied the pages of the financial press since 2007 including an assessment of the meltdown of the sub-prime mortgage market, the credit crunch, the European debt crisis and the turmoil in Greece, plus a series of theoretical contributions that are aimed to challenge perceptions of the market-state relationship and the place of law within it. The book includes a methodological defence of the state-market dichotomy, a critique of the tenets of neoclassical economics, and an evaluation of what the financial crisis heralds for the future of the political economy of western democracies. Ioannis Glinavos argues that it is a mistake to associate markets with freedom and states with oppression, and suggests that more choice for consumers can -and does- mean less choice for citizens. The book suggests that a new social contract is needed to ensure the survival of both capitalism and democracy. In contributing a unique, legal perspective to the underlying dynamics of the financial crisis, this book will be valuable to scholars and students of regulation, financial markets and economic development.

Constitutions in Times of Financial Crisis

Author : Tom Ginsburg
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9781108729208
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (292 download)

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Book Synopsis Constitutions in Times of Financial Crisis by : Tom Ginsburg

Download or read book Constitutions in Times of Financial Crisis written by Tom Ginsburg and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-06-30 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many constitutions include provisions intended to limit the discretion of governments in economic policy. In times of financial crises, such provisions often come under pressure as a result of calls for exceptional responses to crisis situations. This volume assesses the ability of constitutional orders all over the world to cope with financial crises, and the demands for emergency powers that typically accompany them. Bringing together a variety of perspectives from legal scholars, economists, and political scientists, this volume traces the long-run implications of financial crises for constitutional order. In exploring the theoretical and practical problems raised by the constitutionalization of economic policy during times of severe crisis, this volume showcases an array of constitutional design options and the ways they channel governmental responses to emergency.

From Crisis to Crisis

Author : Ross P. Buckley
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN 13 : 9041133542
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis From Crisis to Crisis by : Ross P. Buckley

Download or read book From Crisis to Crisis written by Ross P. Buckley and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global financial system has proven increasingly unstable and crisis-prone since the early 1980s. The system has failed to serve either creditors or debtors well. This has been reinforced by the global financial crisis of 2008, where we have seen systemic weaknesses bring rich countries to the brink of bankruptcy and visit appalling suffering on the poorest citizens of poor countries. Yet the regulatory responses to this crisis have involved little thinking from outside the box in which the crisis was delivered to the world. This book presents a powerful indictment of this regulatory failure and calls for greatly increased attention to international financial law and analyses new regulatory measures with the potential to make a new recognition of the principles that ought to underlie it. Using a historical approach that compares the various financial crises of the past three decades, the authors clearly show how misconceived economic policy responses have paved the way for each next 'crash'. Among the numerous topics that arise in the course of this revealing analysis are the following: overvalued exchange rates; excess liquidity in rich countries; premature liberalisation of local financial markets; capital controls; derivatives markets; accounting standards; credit ratings and the conflicts in the role of credit rating agencies; investor protection arrangements; insurance companies; and payment, clearing and settlement activities. The authors offer detailed commentary on: the role of multilateral development banks, the IMF and the WTO in responding to crises; the role of the Basel Accords, the Financial Stability Forum and Board, and the responses of the European Commission, the US, and the G20 to the most recent crisis. The book concludes by exploring systemic game-changing reforms such as bank levies, financial activities taxes and financial transaction taxes, and a global sovereign bankruptcy regime; as well as measures to remove the currency mismatches from the balance sheets of developing countries. Apart from its great usefulness as a detailed introduction to the international financial system and its regulation, the book is enormously valuable for its clear identification of the areas of regulatory failure, and its analysis of new regulatory approaches that offer the potential for a genuinely more stable system. Banking and investment policymakers at every level, the lawyers that serve these markets and the regulators that seek to regulate them, cannot afford to neglect this book.

International Insolvency and Finance Law

Author : Daniele D'Alvia
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 100061090X
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis International Insolvency and Finance Law by : Daniele D'Alvia

Download or read book International Insolvency and Finance Law written by Daniele D'Alvia and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-01-31 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on the Global Financial Crisis 2007-2010 and the new emerging Covid-19 crisis in 2020, this book examines the discourse on risk and uncertainty in the markets through the lens of financial crises. Such crises represent a failure of the law to regulate, and constitute the basis through which a new theory of legal constants can be introduced in comparative law. Crisis impose a dramatic reformulation of the law, the Covid-19 confirms this trend, and new out-of-law instances are appearing beyond a paternalistic approach of direct State regulation. Restructuring procedures are playing a vital role in businesses’ survival, and new out-of-law mechanisms such as moratorium agreements and private workouts have become essential to preserve businesses. It is clear that the role of the law has completely changed, and this book argues that constants outside of the law are new ways to promote an “uncodified-codification” of the law. The case for uncodified uncertainty in the Covid-19 crisis is a primary example of how no codification process can ignore the importance of out-of-law instances in the act of making law. This book explores how this approach influences the harmonisation process of international economic law between national insolvency regimes and international agreed frameworks, demonstrating the role of comparative law in formulating legal constants using Covid-19 and the complexity of modern financial markets as the criterion to introduce the reader to this new theory, which claims a new role for comparative law in policy making processes within the framework of international economic law.

The Role of Law and Regulation in Sustaining Financial Markets

Author : Niels Philipsen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131775039X
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Law and Regulation in Sustaining Financial Markets by : Niels Philipsen

Download or read book The Role of Law and Regulation in Sustaining Financial Markets written by Niels Philipsen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-11-13 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the role of law and regulation in sustaining financial markets in both developed and developing countries, particularly the European Union, United States and China. The central argument of this book is that law matters for the operation of financial markets, which, in turn, significantly influences the performance of firms, industries, and economies. The Role of Law and Regulation in Sustaining Financial Markets is divided into four parts. Part one addresses the connection between law, financial development, and economic growth. Part two deals with the role of financial regulation, which can be used to correct market failures, such as negative externalities, information asymmetries, and monopolies. Part three focuses on the design, functioning, and performance of different financial instruments. Part four examines the topic of Corporate Social Responsibility. This book contributes to the ‘law and finance’ literature by studying certain conventional issues, such as the relationship between finance and economic growth, and the effects of regulatory quality on financial development, from new perspectives and/or with new evidence, data, and cases. It also explores novel topics, such as project finance contracts, insurance and climate change, the shadow banking system, that have been overlooked in current literature. This book is meaningful not only for the EU and the US, which have suffered considerably from the financial crisis of 2008, but also for China, which is struggling to build a sound institutional infrastructure to govern its increasingly complicated financial system. By comparing the regulatory philosophies and practices of the EU, the US and China, this book will help the reader to understand the diverse nature of the global ‘law and finance’ nexus and avoid succumbing to the myth of "one size fits all".

Regulation of Banks and Finance

Author : Carlos A. Peláez
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230251250
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Regulation of Banks and Finance by : Carlos A. Peláez

Download or read book Regulation of Banks and Finance written by Carlos A. Peláez and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-11-18 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the financial crisis engulfs the world economy, there is an ambitous agenda for regulatory reform. This book provides a comprehensive review of the analysis of finance, economics and the law and economics, illuminating past and current banking and financial regulation designed to prevent another credit/dollar crisis and global recession.

The Regulatory Aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis

Author : Eilís Ferran
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139851780
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis The Regulatory Aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis by : Eilís Ferran

Download or read book The Regulatory Aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis written by Eilís Ferran and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-11-15 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The EU and the US responded to the global financial crisis by changing the rules for the functioning of financial services and markets and by establishing new oversight bodies. With the US Dodd–Frank Act and numerous EU regulations and directives now in place, this book provides a timely and thoughtful explanation of the key elements of the new regimes in both regions, of the political processes which shaped their content and of their practical impact. Insights from areas such as economics, political science and financial history elucidate the significance of the reforms. Australia's resilience during the financial crisis, which contrasted sharply with the severe problems that were experienced in the EU and the US, is also examined. The comparison between the performances of these major economies in a period of such extreme stress tells us much about the complex regulatory and economic ecosystems of which financial markets are a part.

International Monetary and Financial Law

Author : Mario Giovanoli
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 9780199588411
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (884 download)

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Book Synopsis International Monetary and Financial Law by : Mario Giovanoli

Download or read book International Monetary and Financial Law written by Mario Giovanoli and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2010-06-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new book is a unique collaboration of the top academic and practitioner monetary and financial lawyers from around the world. It examines current legal issues of international monetary and financial law in the light of the current global financial crisis and consequent reforms of international and domestic financial architecture.

International Law in Financial Regulation and Monetary Affairs

Author : Thomas Cottier
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191645214
Total Pages : 470 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis International Law in Financial Regulation and Monetary Affairs by : Thomas Cottier

Download or read book International Law in Financial Regulation and Monetary Affairs written by Thomas Cottier and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-10-04 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The early twenty-first century has seen a conspicuous absence of formal international law concerning money and finance. This book argues that this lack of formal international regulation was a significant contributing factor to the global financial crisis that began in 2007. It focuses on this lack of global substantive principles and 'hard law' rules in the field of financial regulation and monetary affairs, and analyses the emerging framework within international law that aims to govern financial institutions and markets. The global financial crisis has demonstrated the essential need for financial and monetary regulatory reform, and for the establishment of appropriate mechanisms for the settlement of financial disputes and for the regulation of cross-border financial institutions. This book therefore presents the foundations of solutions that could fill these critical gaps in international financial law. It addresses cross-border issues, financial regulation, and provides detailed analyses of monetary policies and regulation. This book is an updated collection of papers first published in the Special Edition of the Journal of International Economic Law on 'The Quest for International Law in Financial Regulation and Monetary Affairs' (Volume 12, Number 3, September 2010), which also show that the regulatory hands-off approach was not replicated in other areas of international economic law. International trade regulation witnessed an increased number of international rules and the reinforcement of a rule-oriented, if not rule-based, approach. Judicial dispute settlement and retaliation, exclusively based upon international ruling and authorization, was reinforced. Given the importance of trade regulation and WTO law, which has an established institutional and legal framework, the book therefore provides a much-needed comparative approach.