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Labor Market And Socioeconomic Effects On Marital Stability
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Book Synopsis Labor Market and Socioeconomic Effects on Marital Stability by : Jessie M. Tzeng
Download or read book Labor Market and Socioeconomic Effects on Marital Stability written by Jessie M. Tzeng and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reports an investigation of the effects of socioeconomic and labor market factors on the dissolution of marriages since the mid-1960s. We examine the effects of possible sources of marital disruption, including poor labor market opportunities for young adults; the economic independence and improved labor market opportunities of women; and changes in the labor market roles and expectations of women within marriage. Using the National Longitudinal Surveys of Young Men, Young Women, and Youth, we estimate the effects on marital stability of husbands' and wives' levels, differences, and changes in educational attainment, income, and annual weeks worked. Our results suggest that average levels of couples' educational attainment and recent work experiences positively affect marital stability. The degree to which husbands and wives differ on educational attainment and income does not affect marital stability, but the more that wives work relative to their husbands, the greater the chances of disruption. Positive changes in wives' socioeconomic and labor force characteristics over the course of their marriages increase the odds of marital disruption.
Book Synopsis Labor Market Experiences and Socioeconomic Effects on Marital Dissolution by : Meei-Shenn Tzeng
Download or read book Labor Market Experiences and Socioeconomic Effects on Marital Dissolution written by Meei-Shenn Tzeng and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Assessing the Impact of Education and Marriage on Labor Market Exit Decisions of Women by : Julie L. Hotchkiss
Download or read book Assessing the Impact of Education and Marriage on Labor Market Exit Decisions of Women written by Julie L. Hotchkiss and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Uncertainty and Risk on the Allocation of Time of Married Women by : Eileen Trzcinski
Download or read book Effect of Uncertainty and Risk on the Allocation of Time of Married Women written by Eileen Trzcinski and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: increases in the labor force participation of married women.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Women's Labor Force Participation on Marital Instability by : Isik Akin Aytac
Download or read book The Effect of Women's Labor Force Participation on Marital Instability written by Isik Akin Aytac and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Division of Labor, the New Marriage, and Marital Instability by : Margaret F. Brinig
Download or read book The Division of Labor, the New Marriage, and Marital Instability written by Margaret F. Brinig and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work in law and in economics has long suggested that marriages will be more successful if they take advantage of specialization between husband and wife (Becker, 1974). If husbands and wives operate their marriages like trading nations, they could obviously reap large gains from trade if each spent time in its most productive use. In fact, research on married men shows both that they profit substantially from marriage in many ways and that they do better the more specialized, or "traditional," the marriage (Nock, 1998). The last fifty years have worked dramatic changes in the options available to women, as the majority are now in the paid labor force for substantially all of their peak earning years (Spain and Bianchi, 1995). During this same time period, men?s options, as demonstrated by their labor force participation rates, have not changed much. In other words, women's lifetime labor patterns have changed dramatically, and now very much resemble men's. The hope of what used to be called the "women?s liberation" movement was to equalize the housework done by men and women. That way, women would not simply end up working "two shifts" of market and household labor (Hochschild, 1990). This paper looks empirically at what happens when marriage relationships become more egalitarian. When both husband and wife work, will the relationships be more stable if they share household tasks? How much of marital instability is related to feelings of unfairness regarding the allocation of household chores and childcare? Does it matter for the stability of marriage whether men do "women's work" for the household or women "men's"? We consider the two waves of the National Survey of Families and Households, compiled by demographers at the University of Wisconsin (Sweet et al., 1996). Of 13,000 households sampled, 7,984 included a married couple. Both adults were asked numerous questions in 1987-88, and again in 1992-93. We construct a model for the hazard of divorce for spouses in first marriages between the two waves of the study. We include as independent variables a number of factors that prior studies, including Becker, Landes and Michael (1977), use as predictors of marital instability. These include cohabitation prior to marriage, total marital fertility, education of husband and wife, prior marriage of husband and wife, prior divorces of their parents, age at marriage. To these we add factors related to husbands' and wives' labor force participation, their division of household labor (broken into nine categories), and their feelings at the time of the earlier survey about the fairness of the way household tasks, spending, and childcare were allocated in their particular marriage. Laws do not usually regulate the allocation of household labor, but allow spouses to sort out the appropriate proportions themselves. One exception is the former East German FGB ? 10, which mandated equal sharing of household work. From the results of the study we might anticipate whether such laws would likely be successful (either in increasing the hours actually worked by husbands or in promoting better marriages). Assuming women will continue to participate in the labor force, we can also anticipate some of the likely effects of precommitment options (like the new covenant marriage)(Scott and Scott, forthcoming 1998), suggestions for financial recognition of household labor (Brinig, 1997; Silbaugh, 1996), or contracting out of what used to be "women's work" (Carbone and Brinig, 1991).
Download or read book "Bad Jobs" for Families written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My dissertation examines how changing labor market conditions in the post 1970s era, characterized by the deterioration and polarization of job opportunities and quality, have impacted key family outcomes in the United States. For this purpose, I use data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 and the NLSY79 Children and Young Adults to examine the relationships between various indicators of job quality and three key family outcomes: namely, marital formation, marital dissolution, and children's health. Built upon the growing body of literature on "bad jobs" and labor market changes, I incorporate various indicators of job quality, including the provision of health and pension benefits, nonstandard work schedules, and nonstandard employment. Study findings suggest that job quality may be an important economic indicator for family outcomes (either practical or symbolic). I find that having employment with "bad job" characteristics, especially the lack of health insurance and pension benefits, significantly delays men's transition to first marriage. In addition, women's job quality is important for marital stability in that working in jobs without health insurance decreases the risk of divorce among women. I also find that a mother's low-quality nonstandard employment (e.g., part-time, contract work) is detrimental to her children's health, particularly so in single-mother families. The absence of health insurance from mother's nonstandard employment is associated with worse health outcomes for children in single-mother families than those in two-parent families. As the first study to incorporate various measures of "bad job" quality in key family outcomes, my dissertation contributes to the theoretical discussions of the causes of family inequality since deteriorating job quality and increasing labor market inequality have been hypothesized as leading influences on family changes but have not yet been empirically tested. Beyond theory, my research can also inform policy debates surrounding the linkages between work, family, and the well-being of both adults and children, as well as the implications of these relationships for the increasing inequality in the U.S. in the context of labor market changes.
Book Synopsis The Impact of Divorce Laws on Marital Stability and Married Women's Labor Supply by : Jeffrey Scott Gray
Download or read book The Impact of Divorce Laws on Marital Stability and Married Women's Labor Supply written by Jeffrey Scott Gray and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Assessing the Impact of Education and Marriage on Labor Market Exit Decisions of Women by : Julie L. Hotchkiss
Download or read book Assessing the Impact of Education and Marriage on Labor Market Exit Decisions of Women written by Julie L. Hotchkiss and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Divorce in Europe by : Dimitri Mortelmans
Download or read book Divorce in Europe written by Dimitri Mortelmans and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-30 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book collects the major discussions in divorce research in Europe. It starts with an understanding of divorce trends. Why was divorce increasing so rapidly throughout the US and Europe and do we see signs of a turn? Do cohabitation breakups influence divorce trends or is there a renewed stability on the partner market? In terms of divorce risks, the book contains new insights on Eastern European countries. These post socialist countries have evolved dramatically since the fall of the Wall and at present they show the highest divorce figures in Europe. Also the influence of gender, and more specifically women’s education as a risk in divorce is examined cross nationally. The book also provides explanations for the negative gradient in female education effects on divorce. It devotes three separate parts to new insights in the post-divorce effects of the life course event by among others looking at consequences for adults and children but also taking the larger family network into account. As such the book is of interest to demographers, sociologists, psychologists, family therapists, NGOs, and politicians. “This wide-ranging volume details important trends in divorce in Europe that hold implications for understanding family dissolution causes and consequences throughout the world. Highly recommended for researchers and students everywhere.”
Download or read book Incomes and Outcomes written by Jing Liu and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis we study the interdependency of individual decisions on work and family, particularly the dynamic interaction of the marriage market and the labor market. My basic idea is that marital status affects individual labor supply decisions, and in turn, labor market condition influences marriage formation and dissolution. While these interactions are evident, the overwhelming majority of research on labor or family economics usually simplifies the individual decision-making by assuming that one of two markets outcomes is given while studying the other one. In the empirical study, endogeneity issues are troublesome, especially under the dynamic setting. My work takes a different approach. I directly model the individual decision-making, which describes how marriage market and labor market interact with each other; and matching with survey data we empirically recover the underlying economic environments that characterize the structure of the marriage market and the labor market. I further examine to what extent my model explains the observed facts. Very few studies have been conducted to explore work and family issues in this direction partly due to its complexity. The structural models, besides the conventional regression, improve our perceptions on how individuals form decisions on work and family, which have far-reaching implications on policy designs and welfare evaluations. In my thesis, I explore all these issues in three steps. In chapter 1, I explain a stylized fact that there exists a positive correlation between rising wage inequality and declining marriage rates. A two-sided matching model is developed to exploit a theoretical channel through which wage inequality affects marriage rates. My model features a steady state equilibrium in which the whole marriage market is divided into groups and only people in the same group will marry each other. Using the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS) data from 1970 to 2000, my estimates indicate that a structural change occurs in the U.S. marriage market. The higher matching efficiency and declining elasticity of men suggest that the nowadays marriage market provides more chance to meet and better gender equity, though higher arrival rates also raise the outside options of getting married. Additionally, I find that wage inequality accounts for over 38% of the decline in marriage rate, which is underestimated in Gould (2003). Chapter 2 examines household dynamic labor supply after introducing bargaining between husbands and wives, which has not been thoroughly studied previously in literature. Here bargaining between husbands and wives determines the amount of husbands' earnings that are transferred to wives for their private consumption. A household search model that incorporates the intrahousehold bargaining is developed and estimated using panel data from the year 2001 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP). My results show that the portion of household income shared by husbands for private consumption is responsive to their employment status, suggesting the existence of the bargaining between the U.S. couples. My findings also imply that the labor supply of women will increase with higher women wage and lower money transfer from husbands to wives, showing that the income effect dominates for wives. Moreover, the wage frontier of husbands is positively correlated with wives' wages and negatively correlated with husbands' earnings transferred to wives, highlighting that husbands are subject to both the income effect and intra-household bargaining, and their decisions depend on which effect dominates. In the third and the last chapter, I study household unemployment duration. Previously, most studies have addressed the topic of job search at the individual level. This chapter studies job search patterns of married couples and in particular compares couple's unemployment duration given their spousal earnings. A household search model is introduced, which includes the bargaining between husbands and wives. I use the year 2001 panel data Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) to estimate the structural model of family decisions. Our findings reveal that there exists a gender asymmetry in job search of the U.S. household: The more husbands earn, the longer wives search for a job; but the more wives earn, the sooner husbands find a job.
Author :Shoshana Grossbard-Shechtman Publisher :Cambridge University Press ISBN 13 :9780521891431 Total Pages :378 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (914 download)
Book Synopsis Marriage and the Economy by : Shoshana Grossbard-Shechtman
Download or read book Marriage and the Economy written by Shoshana Grossbard-Shechtman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-04-28 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marriage and the Economy explores how marriage influences the monetized economy as well as the household economy. Marriage institutions are to the household economy what business institutions are to the monetized economy, and marital status is clearly related to the household economy. Marriage also influences the economy as conventionally measured via its impact on labor supply, workers' productivity, savings, consumption, and government programs such as welfare programs and social security. The macro-economic analyses presented here are based on the micro-economic foundations of cost/benefit analysis, game theory, and market analysis. Micro-economic analysis of marriage, divorce, and behavior within marriages are investigated by a number of specialists in various areas of economics. Western values and laws have been very successful at transforming the way the world does business, but its success at maintaining individual commitments to family values is less impressive. -- from publisher description.
Book Synopsis Divorce And Separation by : George Klaus Levinger
Download or read book Divorce And Separation written by George Klaus Levinger and published by New York : Basic Books. This book was released on 1979-05-31 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Retrospect and Prospect in the Psychological Study of Families by : James P. McHale
Download or read book Retrospect and Prospect in the Psychological Study of Families written by James P. McHale and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2001-10 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assembles 11 of the leading thinkers and researchers in the field of family psychology to create a compendium summarizing both what psychology researchers have learned about the family and where the field should be going next. It evolved after the volume's contributors met with other distinguished family scholars to discuss family influences on child development and to ponder how this knowledge could be used to benefit families and children. This volume includes approaches to the family that feature multiple levels and topics of focal interest to benefit anyone interested in the family. Central topics include mothering, fathering, marriages, family group processes, sibling relations, and families as systems. In addition, three senior authors offer road maps to detect, and suggest (a) challenges in research on parenting, (b) marital and family dynamics, and (c) family systems in the years ahead. In keeping with the theme of how research affects the lives of families outside the university lab settings, this volume includes a chapter on the interface between family research and law. This book closes with a "big picture" analysis and critique of what is known and not known. Psychologists, anthropologists, sociologists, and public policymakers interested in the family should especially find this volume of interest.
Book Synopsis On The Economics Of Marriage by : Shoshana Grossbard-schectman
Download or read book On The Economics Of Marriage written by Shoshana Grossbard-schectman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marriage is an institution that plays a central role in most societies. As it affects decisions regarding labor supply, consumption, reproduction, and other important decisions, marriage receives considerable attention in academic circles. Much research has been done about marriage, principally by sociologists, psychologists, and anthropologists.
Book Synopsis Marriage and Cohabitation by : Arland Thornton
Download or read book Marriage and Cohabitation written by Arland Thornton and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2008-09-15 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an era when half of marriages end in divorce, cohabitation has become more commonplace and those who do get married are doing so at an older age. So why do people marry when they do? And why do some couples choose to cohabit? A team of expert family sociologists examines these timely questions in Marriage and Cohabitation, the result of their research over the last decade on the issue of union formation. Situating their argument in the context of the Western world’s 500-year history of marriage, the authors reveal what factors encourage marriage and cohabitation in a contemporary society where the end of adolescence is no longer signaled by entry into the marital home. While some people still choose to marry young, others elect to cohabit with varying degrees of commitment or intentions of eventual marriage. The authors’ controversial findings suggest that family history, religious affiliation, values, projected education, lifetime earnings, and career aspirations all tip the scales in favor of either cohabitation or marriage. This book lends new insight into young adult relationship patterns and will be of interest to sociologists, historians, and demographers alike.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Divorce and Relationship Dissolution by : Mark A. Fine
Download or read book Handbook of Divorce and Relationship Dissolution written by Mark A. Fine and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-12-19 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook presents up-to-date scholarship on the causes and predictors, processes, and consequences of divorce and relationship dissolution. Featuring contributions from multiple disciplines, this Handbook reviews relationship termination, including variations depending on legal status, race/ethnicity, and sexual orientation. The Handbook focuses on the often-neglected processes involved as the relationship unfolds, such as infidelity, hurt, and remarriage. It also covers the legal and policy aspects, the demographics, and the historical aspects of divorce. Intended for researchers, practitioners, counselors, clinicians, and advanced students in psychology, sociology, family studies, communication, and nursing, the book serves as a text in courses on divorce, marriage and the family, and close relationships.
