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Author : Peter Janich
Publisher : C.H.Beck
ISBN 13 : 9783406420030
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Kleine Philosophie der Naturwissenschaften written by Peter Janich and published by C.H.Beck. This book was released on 1997 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Dirk Jahn
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3658415436
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (584 download)
Download or read book Critical Thinking written by Dirk Jahn and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-01-10 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Judgment and critical faculties are central concerns of many Western educational programs. However, the promotion of critical thinking requires specifically developed and didactically coherent concepts. This book therefore attempts to provide a philosophically and empirically sound as well as application-oriented introduction to the concept and didactics of critical thinking. Especially the higher education space is defined by critically questioning knowledge and practice and thereby producing new insights. Against the background of this task horizon, the theoretical foundations of critical thinking as well as didactic practice strategies for its promotion are conveyed in a low-threshold manner within the framework of the introductory volume, which can be adapted across subjects.
Author : Peter Janich
Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
ISBN 13 : 1452957231
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (529 download)
Download or read book What Is Information? written by Peter Janich and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 2018-03-06 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel way of looking at information challenges longstanding dogmas—from a preeminent German thinker It is widely agreed that we live in an “information age,” but what exactly is information? This small, seemingly facile question is in fact surprisingly difficult, and it has occupied many of the best philosophical minds of the modern age. In this wholly original addition to the quest to understand information, German philosopher Peter Janich argues that our understanding of information is based in the much broader history of scientific naturalism—the belief that science is a fundamental aspect of the world and not a human contrivance. His novel critique of this widespread dogma grounds science in human life practices and wrestles with the very fundamentals of the scientific way of understanding reality. Offering new perspectives on the major contemporary fields of communications technology, neurobiology, and artificial intelligence, What Is Information? provides a deep look into humanity in an information age. Its arguments show ways of reconciling the sciences and the humanities, shining new light on the relationship of science to the natural world.
Author : Hans-Dieter Klein
Publisher : Peter Lang Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der Wissenschaften
ISBN 13 : 9783631394342
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (943 download)
Download or read book Naturphilosophie written by Hans-Dieter Klein and published by Peter Lang Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der Wissenschaften. This book was released on 2006 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Band II des «Systems der Philosophie» wendet die in Band I ausgearbeiteten Grundlagen der Ontologie und Erkenntnistheorie interdisziplinär auf die Methoden und Ergebnisse der Naturwissenschaften an, legt also eine Naturphilosophie vor, welche bis in Details der anorganischen und organischen Wirklichkeit vorzudringen bemüht ist. Zugleich ergibt sich als Konsequenz aus der in Band I vorgenommenen Bestimmung der Relation von Philosophie und Theologie die Notwendigkeit, Natur als Gottes Schöpfung zu interpretieren. Der Band versucht, umfassend Antwort auf die Fragen zu finden: Warum gibt es in der Natur gerade die Gesetze und Entwicklungen, die wir vorfinden? Warum hat Gott die Natur gerade so geschaffen, wie er sie geschaffen hat?
Author : Armin Grunwald
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642500234
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)
Download or read book On Human Nature written by Armin Grunwald and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern molecular technology in the so-called life sciences (biology as weil as medicine) allows today to approach and manipulate living beings in ways and to an extent wh ich not too long aga seemed Utopian. The empirical progress promises further and even more radical developments in the future, and it is at least often claimed that this kind of research will have tremendeous etfects on and for all of humanity, for example in the areas of food production, transplantation medicine (including stem cell research and xenotransplantation), (therapeutic) genetic manipulation and (cell-line) cloning (of cell lines or tissues), and of biodiversity conservation-strategies. At least in Western, industrialized countries the development of modern sciences led to a steady increase of human health, well-being and quality of life. However, with the move to make the human body itself an object of scientific research interests, the respective scientific descriptions resulted in changes in the image that human beings have of themselves. Scientific progress has led to a startling loss of traditional human self-understanding. This development is in contrast to an under standing according to which the question what it means to be "human" is treated in the realm of philosophy. And indeed, a closer look reveals that - without denying the value of scientitic progress - science cannot replace the philosophical approach to anthropological questions.
Author : Hans-Rainer Duncker
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540271716
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (42 download)
Download or read book On the Uniqueness of Humankind written by Hans-Rainer Duncker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-08 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological and philosophical anthropologies of the 20th century keep emphasising the "Sonderstellung" of humans among the realm of living beings. However, it is not clear how this particular role should be characterised, how it should be reconciled with biological findings, and which theoretical and practical conclusions should be drawn from it. Partly in opposition to these anthropological views on humankind biological disciplines underline the extensive similarities and common characteristics between humans and other species. Apparently, these biological findings concur with the criticism of anthropocentrism, which is expressed in Western philosophy of nature and by ethicists. To discuss these issues the Europäische Akademie organized the conference "The Uniqueness of Humankind – Über die Sonderstellung des Menschen". The proceedings of the conference documented in this volume approached the theoretical and practical concept of the "Sonderstellung" against the background of present day knowledge in biosciences. Furthermore, by interdisciplinary efforts, an attempt was made to clarify those conceptual problems that arise with the idea of the uniqueness of humankind. The present volume partly takes up and further develops topics that have been raised by volume 15, On Human Nature, that was published in this series in 2002.
Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004191992
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (41 download)
Download or read book Sociality as the Human Condition written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2011-06-09 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining recent experiments on human altruism in economics, this book offers a critique of naturalistic approaches to the phenomenon of human sociality. It draws on philosophical theories of social conflict and recognition, and on theological concepts of neighborly love.
Author : Jürgen Habermas
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0745694934
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (456 download)
Download or read book Postmetaphysical Thinking II written by Jürgen Habermas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-06-16 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ‘There is no alternative to postmetaphysical thinking’: this statement, made by Jürgen Habermas in 1988, has lost none of its relevance. Postmetaphysical thinking is, in the first place, the historical answer to the crisis of metaphysics following Hegel, when the central metaphysical figures of thought began to totter under the pressure exerted by social developments and by developments within science. As a result, philosophy’s epistemological privilege was shaken to its core, its basic concepts were de-transcendentalized, and the primacy of theory over practice was opened to question. For good reasons, philosophy ‘lost its extraordinary status’, but as a result it also courted new problems. In Postmetaphysical Thinking II, the sequel to the 1988 volume that bears the same title (English translation, Polity 1992), Habermas addresses some of these problems. The first section of the book deals with the shift in perspective from metaphysical worldviews to the lifeworld, the unarticulated meanings and assumptions that accompany everyday thought and action in the mode of ‘background knowledge’. Habermas analyses the lifeworld as a ‘space of reasons’ – even where language is not (yet) involved, such as, for example, in gestural communication and rituals. In the second section, the uneasy relationship between religion and postmetaphysical thinking takes centre stage. Habermas picks up where he left off in 1988, when he made the far-sighted observation that ‘philosophy, even in its postmetaphysical form, will be able neither to replace nor to repress religion’, and explores philosophy’s new-found interest in religion, among other topics. The final section includes essays on the role of religion in the political context of a post-secular, liberal society. This volume will be of great interest to students and scholars in philosophy, religion and the social sciences and humanities generally.
Author : Michael Schmiechen
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 3837053075
Total Pages : 694 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (37 download)
Download or read book Newton's Principia Revisited written by Michael Schmiechen and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2009-10 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PROBLEM. The treatise is devoted to the reconstruction of our 'instinctive beliefs' in classical mechanics and to present them 'as much isolated and as free from irrelevant additions as possible'. The same motivation has driven many authors since the publication of Newton's Principia. IMPORTANCE. Classical mechanics will remain the basic reference and tool for mechanics on terrestrial and planetary scale as well as the proto-theory of relativistic and quantum mechanics. But it can only serve its purpose if it is not considered as obsolete, but if its foundations and implications are understood and made 'absolutely' clear. METHOD. Based on the 'instinctive belief' that the foundations of classical mechanics cannot be found and reconstructed within mechanics itself but only 'outside', classical mechanics is 'understood' by embedding it into an adequate theory of knowledge and adequate proto- and meta-theories in terms of the 'language of dynamics'. Evidence is produced that available philosophical expositions are not adequate for the purpose at hand. Mechanics is treated as part of physics, not of mathematics. Not sophisticated mathematical artifacts, necessary for solving specific problems, but the intellectually satisfactory foundation of mechanics in general is subject and purpose of the exercise. The goal is reached using axiomatic systems as models. SCOPE. Following an account of the unsatisfactory state of affairs the treatise covers the epistemological foundations, abstract proto-mechanics, i. e. the theories of time and space, meta-mechanics, i. e. the theories of state space models and of quantities proper, and, as an instance of the latter, abstract elementary mechanics, the theory of translational motions of 'small' solid bodies in three-dimensional Euclidean space, including classical general relativity. Subsequently the theory of classical kinematics is developed as basis for interpreted proto-mechanics and interpreted elementary mechanics. As an amus
Author : Dieter Stefan Peters
Publisher : Franz Steiner Verlag
ISBN 13 : 9783515076593
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (765 download)
Download or read book Organisms, Genes and Evolution written by Dieter Stefan Peters and published by Franz Steiner Verlag. This book was released on 2000 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aus dem Inhalt: Peter Janich: Where does biology get its objects from? Mathias Gutmann: The status of organism: Towards a constructivist theory of organism Walter Bock: Explanations in a historical science Christine Hertler: Organism and morphology: Methodological differences between functional and constructional morphology Dominique G. Homberger: Similarities and differences: The distinctive approaches of systematics and comparative anatomy towards homology and analogy Raphael Falk: The organism as a necessary entity of evolution Franz M. Wuketits: The organism's place in evolution: Darwin's views and contemporary organismic theories Christian Kummer: The development of organismic structure and the philosophy behind Guiseppe Sermonti: The butterfly and the lion Harald Riedl: Organism - Ecosystem - Biosphere: Some comments on the organismic concept Sievert Lorenzen: How to advance from the theory of natural selection towards the General Theory of Self-Organization Antonio Lima-de-Faria: The evolutionary periodicity of flight Hans-Rainer Duncker: The evolution of avian ontogenies: Determination of molecular evolution by integrated complex functional systems and ecological conditions Winfried Stefan Peters & Bernd Herkner: An outline of a theory of the constructional constraints governing early organismic evolution Werner E. G. Mueller e.a.: Monophyly of Metazoa: Phylogenetic analyses of genes encoding SerThr-kinases and a receptor Tyr-kinase from Porifera [sponges] Karl Edlinger: The evolution of the mollusc construction: Living organisms as energy-transforming systems Michael Gudo: A structural-functional approach to the soft bodies of rugose corals.
Author : Dirk Lanzerath
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135106282
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (351 download)
Download or read book Concepts and Values in Biodiversity written by Dirk Lanzerath and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-23 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biodiversity may refer to the diversity of genes, species or ecosystems in general. These varying concepts of biodiversity occasionally lead to conflicts among researchers and policy makers, as each of them require a customized type of protection strategy. This book addresses the questions surrounding the merits of conserving an existing situation, evolutionary development or the intentional substitution of one genome, species or ecosystem for another. Any practical steps towards the protection of biodiversity demand a definition of that which is to be protected and, in turn, the motivations for protecting biodiversity. Is biodiversity a necessary model which is also useful, or does it carry intrinsic value? Debates like this are particularly complex when interested parties address it from different conceptual and moral perspectives. Comprised of three parts, each complemented by a short introductory paragraph, this collection presents a variety of approaches to this challenge. The chapters cover the perspectives of environmental scientists with expertise in evolutionary, environmental biology, systematic zoology and botany, as well as those of researchers with expertise in philosophy, ethics, politics, law and economics. This combination facilitates a truly interdisciplinary debate by highlighting hitherto unacknowledged implications that inform current academic and political debates on biodiversity and its protection. The book should be of interest to students and researchers of environment studies, biodiversity, environmental philosophy, ethics and management.
Author : Peter Janich
Publisher : Königshausen & Neumann
ISBN 13 : 9783826014864
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (148 download)
Download or read book The Autonomy of Chemistry written by Peter Janich and published by Königshausen & Neumann. This book was released on 1998 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Vera Röhm
Publisher : Reaktion Books
ISBN 13 : 9781861892645
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (926 download)
Download or read book Vera Röhm written by Vera Röhm and published by Reaktion Books. This book was released on 2006 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Both a sculptor and a photographer, German-born Vera Röhm is best known for her unorthodox approach to visual art. Using a repertoire of only elementary geometrical shapes, Röhm's incisions, mutilations, and cross-sections of various materials evoke the very real challenges of restoration and reconstruction. Vera Röhm is the first comprehensive collection of this contemporary artist's work to be presented to an English-speaking public. It explores the changing shape of Röhm's art in such installations as Integrations and Shadow Objects, as her photographs of the Jaipur Observatory, and works such as the cube series bearing the inscription "Night is the Earth's Shadow," which form part of a significant corpus of work connected with language. Accompanied by essays from renowned poet and critic Eugen Gomringer and the art historian Stephen Bann, Vera Röhm is lavishly illustrated with images from her exhibitions.
Author : Herbert Hörz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783326000619
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)
Download or read book Philosophie und Naturwissenschaften written by Herbert Hörz and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080931227
Total Pages : 951 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Philosophy of Complex Systems written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-05-23 with total page 951 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The domain of nonlinear dynamical systems and its mathematical underpinnings has been developing exponentially for a century, the last 35 years seeing an outpouring of new ideas and applications and a concomitant confluence with ideas of complex systems and their applications from irreversible thermodynamics. A few examples are in meteorology, ecological dynamics, and social and economic dynamics. These new ideas have profound implications for our understanding and practice in domains involving complexity, predictability and determinism, equilibrium, control, planning, individuality, responsibility and so on.Our intention is to draw together in this volume, we believe for the first time, a comprehensive picture of the manifold philosophically interesting impacts of recent developments in understanding nonlinear systems and the unique aspects of their complexity. The book will focus specifically on the philosophical concepts, principles, judgments and problems distinctly raised by work in the domain of complex nonlinear dynamical systems, especially in recent years.-Comprehensive coverage of all main theories in the philosophy of Complex Systems -Clearly written expositions of fundamental ideas and concepts -Definitive discussions by leading researchers in the field -Summaries of leading-edge research in related fields are also included
Author : Christian Streffer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662070626
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)
Download or read book Environmental Standards written by Christian Streffer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid growth of the world population - nearly six-fold over the last hundred years - combined with the rising number of technical installations especially in the industrialized countries has lead to ever tighter and more strained living spaces on our planet. Because ofthe inevitable processes oflife, man was at first an exploiter rather than a careful preserver of the environment. Environmental awareness with the intention to conserve the environment has grown only in the last few decades. Environmental standards have been defined and limit values have been set largely guided, however, by scientific and medical data on single exposures, while public opinion, on the other hand, now increasingly calls for astronger consideration of the more complex situations following combined exposures. Furthermore, it turned out that environmental standards, while necessarily based on scientific data, must also take into account ethical, legal, economic, and sociological aspects. A task of such complexity can only be dealt with appropriately in the framework of an inter disciplinary group.
Author : Lars H. Wegner
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030061280
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)
Download or read book Emergence and Modularity in Life Sciences written by Lars H. Wegner and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-12 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on modules and emergence with self-organization in the life sciences. As Aristotle observed so long ago, the whole is more than the sum of its parts. However, contemporary science is dominated by reductionist concepts and tends to neglect the non-reproducible features of complex systems, which emerge from the interaction of the smaller units they are composed of. The book is divided into three major parts; the essays in part A highlight the conceptual basis of emergence, linking it to the philosophy of science, systems biology and sustainability. This is subsequently exemplified in part B by applying the concept of emergence to various biological disciplines, such as genetics, developmental biology, neurobiology, plant physiology and ecology. New aspects of emergence come into play when biology meets the technical sciences, as revealed in a chapter on bionics. In turn, part C adopts a broader view, revealing how the organization of life follows a hierarchical order in terms of scalar dimensions, ranging from the molecular level to the entire biosphere. The idea that life is primarily and exclusively shaped by processes at the molecular level (and, in particular, by the information encoded in the genome) is refuted; rather, there is no hierarchy with respect to the level of causation in the cross-talk between the levels. In the last two chapters, the evolutionary trend toward ever-increasing complexity in living systems is interpreted in terms of the Gaia hypothesis sensu Lovelock: the entire biosphere is viewed as a functional unit (or ‘holobiont-like system’) organized to develop and sustain life on Earth.
