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Kinetic Study Of Histidine Kinase Chea In Bacterial Chemotaxis
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Book Synopsis Kinetic Study of Histidine Kinase CheA in Bacterial Chemotaxis by : Wenlin Pan
Download or read book Kinetic Study of Histidine Kinase CheA in Bacterial Chemotaxis written by Wenlin Pan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Histidine kinase CheA is central to signaling in bacterial chemotaxis. This kinase is responsible for the phosphorylation of two response regulators, CheY and CheB. CheY controls flagellar rotation and thus motility. CheB is crucial for sensory adaptation. CheA is dramatically activated, up to 1000-fold, and put under the control of chemoreceptors by formation of the signaling complex. As measured by phosphorylation of CheY, this control modulates the activity of CheA in a range as wide as two orders of magnitude. This change in the activity of CheA is the essence of chemotactic signaling. However, the enzymatic properties altered by kinase incorporation into signaling complexes, chemoreceptor ligand binding or receptor adaptational modification are largely undefined. This dissertation describes the kinetic analysis of kinase CheA. Data are fit to the Michaelis-Menten equation, from which important parameters KM and kcat are obtained. Based on these parameters for CheA at different signaling conditions, important observations and conclusions are made to contribute to better understanding of the control of the activity of kinase CheA, thus the bacterial chemotaxis signaling system.
Book Synopsis Histidine Kinases in Signal Transduction by : Masayori Inouye
Download or read book Histidine Kinases in Signal Transduction written by Masayori Inouye and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-11-13 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Living cells are constantly sensing environmental changes, and their abilities to sense these changes and adapt to them are essential for their survival. In bacteria, histidine kinases are the major sensors for these environmental stresses, enabling cells to adapt to new growth conditions. Written by leading experts in the field, this book provides an up-to-date and comprehensive review on the structure and function of histidine kinases. It also provides extensive information on the physiological roles of histidine kinases in bacteria and eukaryotes. An an essential reference for cell biologists, microbiologists, molecular biologists, and biochemists interested in signal transduction. Experimental biologists and pharmacologists studying signal transduction systems in living organisms will also find it a valuable research tool. - The first comprehensive book on the roles of histidine kinases in cells - 23 in-depth chapters written by leading experts in the field - Describes the most recent advances in the field of signal transduction
Book Synopsis Structure and Enzymology of the Chemotaxis Histidine Kinase, CheA by : Anna Rusch Greenswag
Download or read book Structure and Enzymology of the Chemotaxis Histidine Kinase, CheA written by Anna Rusch Greenswag and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bacterial chemotaxis enables changes in motility via response to the surrounding chemical environment and is noted for its high signal gain, range, and sensitivity. The efficacy of the bacterial chemotaxis signaling pathway is highly dependent on the propagation of the extracellular chemical signal through a hexagonal array comprised of: methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein receptors, histidine kinase CheA, and coupling protein CheW. CheA is the principal enzyme in the chemotaxis pathway and is composed of five domains (P1-5). Initiation of the phospho-relay by CheA ends in rotational switching of the flagellar rotor. CheA only achieves a broad range of autophosphorylation activity when associated with chemoreceptors. This dissertation focuses on the structural and biochemical changes during the CheA autophosphorylation event. The propensity of Thermotoga maritima CheA to naturally undergo trans autophosphorylation was elucidated and strategic mutations enabled generation of disulfide-locked CheA variants to further probe protein dynamics. Employing small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS), the resting state of CheA was determined to be globular. Where upon nucleotide addition the protein transitioned to a dynamic state as a result of the movement of P1 and P4 domains to facilitate transfer of the [gamma]-phosphate. Coupling crystallographic and biochemical data, a model was generated of CheA that is able to account for variances in enzymatic activity, incorporating key structural features to the functional response of signal transduction. To further the understanding the influence the receptors impart to CheA, chemoreceptor cytoplasmic kinase-control modules based on the E. coli aspartate receptor, Tar, were covalently fused into a dimer and trimerized by a foldon domain (TarFO). SAXS, multiangle light scattering, and pulsed-dipolar electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of spinlabeled proteins indicate that the TarFO is soluble, monodisperse, and assembles into homogenous trimers wherein the protein interaction regions closely associate at the opposite ends of the foldon domain. The TarFO activates CheA autophosphorylation to the same degree as membrane integrated receptors and stabilizes a planar conformation of the kinase consistent with current array models for the assembly state of the ternary complex. Overall, these studies illuminate a planar CheA active structure and provide a more in depth investigation of the CheA autophosphorylation event.
Book Synopsis Solution Structure and Kinetic Characteristics of a Complex of the Histidine Auto Kinase CheA with Its Substrate CheY by : Guoya Mo
Download or read book Solution Structure and Kinetic Characteristics of a Complex of the Histidine Auto Kinase CheA with Its Substrate CheY written by Guoya Mo and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motile bacteria have the tendency to swim toward the attractant and awayfrom the repellent, the behavior known as chemotaxis. The binding of suchmolecules by the membrane-bound chemoreceptor results in the modulation of theautophosphorylation activity of CheA, the central kinase in the bacterial chemotacticsignaling system. Phosphorylated CheA transfers its phosphoryl group to its cognateresponse regulators CheY and CheB, which respectively control the direction offlagellar rotation and the level of receptor adaptation, both of which in concertdetermine the chemotactic response of the cell to the incoming signal. In this work, we used modern NMR techniques to construct a model for theinteraction of the E. coli CheA phosphotransfer domain (P1 domain) and theresponse regulator CheY in the presence of the CheY-binding domain of CheA, P2. We also investigated the kinetics of phosphotransfer between the P1domain andCheY by stopped-flow fluorescence measurements to further understand the role ofthe P2 domain and the linker connecting P1 and P2. Our structural model indicates that the presence of P2, a domain dedicated tobinding to the response regulator, leads to a different relative orientation between thephosphotransfer domain and the response regulator from those seen in homologouscomplex structures previously determined in the absence of a domain equivalent toP2. The kinetics results show that the presence of P2 domain linked to P1 enhancesphosphotransfer rate compared the rate by the isolated P1, while the unlinked P2domain, by itself, is inhibitory to the phosphotransfer. In addition, we obtainedevidence that the length of the linker may have been optimized for thephosphorylation of P1 by the kinase domain, P4. Our work contributes to a finerunderstanding of how these proteins are designed and fine-tuned to meet thebiological demand of chemotaxis signaling.
Book Synopsis Cellular Ecophysiology of Microbe by : Tino Krell
Download or read book Cellular Ecophysiology of Microbe written by Tino Krell and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-24 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assembles concisely written chapters by world-leaders in the field summarizing recent advances in understanding microbial responses to hydrocarbons. Subjects treated include mechanisms of sensing, hydrocarbon tolerance and degradation as well as an overview on hydrophobic modification of biomolecules. Other chapters are dedicated to issues related to the reduced bioavailability of hydrocarbons, which differentiates this class of compounds form many others, but which of central importance to understand the ecophysiological consequences. This book should be standard literature in any laboratory working in this area.
Book Synopsis Stimulus Response Coupling by : Vana Smith
Download or read book Stimulus Response Coupling written by Vana Smith and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990-10-24 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the role of intracellular calcium in the transmission of external chemical, physical and electrical stimuli to the interior of the cell and the role of calcium in the physiological and metabolic effects of such stimuli.
Book Synopsis Two-component Systems in Bacteria by : Roy Gross
Download or read book Two-component Systems in Bacteria written by Roy Gross and published by Caister Academic Press Limited. This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current information on two-component systems in bacteria including structure-function analysis, sensing mechanisms, atypical two-component systems, stress responses, developmental processes, virulence and symbiosis.
Book Synopsis Two-Component Signaling Systems, Part C by :
Download or read book Two-Component Signaling Systems, Part C written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-03-01 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multicellular organisms must be able to adapt to cellular events to accommodate prevailing conditions. Sensory-response circuits operate by making use of a phosphorylation control mechanism known as the "two-component system." This volume, the third in a three-volume treatment edited by the same group of editors, includes a wide range of methods, including those dealing with the Sln-1 kinase pathway, triazole sensitivity in C. albicans, and histidine kinases in cyanobacteria circadian clock. - Includes time-tested core methods and new innovations applicable to any researcher studing two-component signaling systems or histidine kinases - Methods included are useful to both established researchers and newcomers to the field - Relevant background and reference information given for procedures can be used as a guide to developing protocols in a number of disciplines
Book Synopsis Histidine Phosphorylation by : Claire E. Eyers
Download or read book Histidine Phosphorylation written by Claire E. Eyers and published by Humana. This book was released on 2020-11-10 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume details the current understanding of roles and regulation on histidine phosphorylation, describing methods for the characterization of protein phosphorylation on histidine. Chapters guide readers through in vitro systems, cell-based systems, comprehensive background review articles on histidine kinases and phosphatases. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Histidine Phosphorylation: Methods and Protocols aims to ensure successful results in the further study of this rapidly growing field.
Book Synopsis Two-Component Signaling Systems, Part A by :
Download or read book Two-Component Signaling Systems, Part A written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-09-21 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multicellular organisms must be able to adapt to cellular events to accommodate prevailing conditions. Sensory-response circuits operate by making use of a phosphorylation control mechanism known as the "two-component system." Sections include: Computational Analyses of Sequences and Sequence Alignments Biochemical and Genetic Assays of Individual Components of Signaling Systems Physiological Assays and Readouts - Presents detailed protocols - Includes troubleshooting tips
Book Synopsis Two-component Signal Transduction by : James A. Hoch
Download or read book Two-component Signal Transduction written by James A. Hoch and published by Amer Society for Microbiology. This book was released on 1995 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human enteroviruses, particularly the polio viruses, have had a significant role in the history of medicine and microbiology; and continue to cause clinical problems, as well as provide targets for molecular investigation. This book offers a link between the basic science and clinical medicine.
Book Synopsis Systems Metabolic Engineering by : Christoph Wittmann
Download or read book Systems Metabolic Engineering written by Christoph Wittmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-15 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systems Metabolic Engineering is changing the way microbial cell factories are designed and optimized for industrial production. Integrating systems biology and biotechnology with new concepts from synthetic biology enables the global analysis and engineering of microorganisms and bioprocesses at super efficiency and versatility otherwise not accessible. Without doubt, systems metabolic engineering is a major driver towards bio-based production of chemicals, materials and fuels from renewables and thus one of the core technologies of global green growth. In this book, Christoph Wittmann and Sang-Yup Lee have assembled the world leaders on systems metabolic engineering and cover the full story – from genomes and networks via discovery and design to industrial implementation practises. This book is a comprehensive resource for students and researchers from academia and industry interested in systems metabolic engineering. It provides us with the fundaments to targeted engineering of microbial cells for sustainable bio-production and stimulates those who are interested to enter this exiting research field.
Book Synopsis Physical Microbiology by : Guillaume Duménil
Download or read book Physical Microbiology written by Guillaume Duménil and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-07 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book emerges from the idea that specific physics-inspired approaches are necessary to understand different stage of bacterial physiology and the infections they cause. Many aspects of bacterial life depend on processes typically described by physical laws: The rheology of biofilms is determined by complex cohesive forces. Physical laws of diffusion are essential to all processes of bacterial metabolism. The formation of the numerous bacterial biomacromolecules require complex self-organization processes and their function are powered by potent molecular motors. Host-pathogen interactions during infection frequently occur in environments determined by fluid mechanics. In this book, different chapters represent research at the interface between microbiology and physics. Topics range from intracellular organization to cell-cell interactions. A good part of the book is devoted to mechanical forces, which are involved in the function of elaborate bacterial nanomachines, chromosome segregation, and cell division. The effect of bacterial toxins provides an example of the alteration of cellular membrane properties by bacteria. Symmetrically, histones from mammalian cells alter bacterial membranes as a defense mechanism during infection. The editors of this book, Guillaume Duménil and Sven van Teeffelen, have selected researchers at the forefront of research in physical microbiology to provide the most recent view in this fast-moving field. The contents of this book are designed to be accessible for scientists with training in biology and for scientists with training in physics. The objective is to provide a fresh perspective on microbiology and infection by highlighting recent multidisciplinary research and favor rapid advances at this fruitful interface.
Book Synopsis E. coli in Motion by : Howard C. Berg
Download or read book E. coli in Motion written by Howard C. Berg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-11 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Escherichia coli, commonly referred to as E. coli, has been the organism of choice for molecular genetics for decades. Its machinery and mobile behavior is one of the most fascinating topics for cell scientists. Scientists and engineers, not trained in microbiology, and who would like to learn more about living machines, can see it as a unique example. This cross-disciplinary monograph covers more than thirty years of research and is accessible to graduate students and scientists alike.
Book Synopsis Feedback Control in Systems Biology by : Carlo Cosentino
Download or read book Feedback Control in Systems Biology written by Carlo Cosentino and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-10-17 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Like engineering systems, biological systems must also operate effectively in the presence of internal and external uncertainty—such as genetic mutations or temperature changes, for example. It is not surprising, then, that evolution has resulted in the widespread use of feedback, and research in systems biology over the past decade has shown that feedback control systems are widely found in biology. As an increasing number of researchers in the life sciences become interested in control-theoretic ideas such as feedback, stability, noise and disturbance attenuation, and robustness, there is a need for a text that explains feedback control as it applies to biological systems. Written by established researchers in both control engineering and systems biology, Feedback Control in Systems Biology explains how feedback control concepts can be applied to systems biology. Filling the need for a text on control theory for systems biologists, it provides an overview of relevant ideas and methods from control engineering and illustrates their application to the analysis of biological systems with case studies in cellular and molecular biology. Control Theory for Systems Biologists The book focuses on the fundamental concepts used to analyze the effects of feedback in biological control systems, rather than the control system design methods that form the core of most control textbooks. In addition, the authors do not assume that readers are familiar with control theory. They focus on "control applications" such as metabolic and gene-regulatory networks rather than aircraft, robots, or engines, and on mathematical models derived from classical reaction kinetics rather than classical mechanics. Another significant feature of the book is that it discusses nonlinear systems, an understanding of which is crucial for systems biologists because of the highly nonlinear nature of biological systems. The authors cover tools and techniques for the analysis of linear and nonlinear systems; negative and positive feedback; robustness analysis methods; techniques for the reverse-engineering of biological interaction networks; and the analysis of stochastic biological control systems. They also identify new research directions for control theory inspired by the dynamic characteristics of biological systems. A valuable reference for researchers, this text offers a sound starting point for scientists entering this fascinating and rapidly developing field.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 1006 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Bacterial Physiology and Metabolism by : Rani Gupta
Download or read book Fundamentals of Bacterial Physiology and Metabolism written by Rani Gupta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-20 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides useful information on microbial physiology and metabolism. The key aspects covered are prokaryotic diversity, growth physiology, basic metabolic pathways and their regulation, metabolic diversity with details of various unique pathways. Another focus area is stress physiology with details on varying environmental stresses, signal transduction, adaptation and survival. For instructional purposes, the book provides case studies, interesting facts, techniques etc. which help in showcasing the inter-disciplinary nature and bridge the gap between various aspects of applied microbiology.
