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Juveniles Facing Criminal Sanctions
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Book Synopsis Juveniles Facing Criminal Sanctions by : Patricia M. Torbet
Download or read book Juveniles Facing Criminal Sanctions written by Patricia M. Torbet and published by Diane Publishing Company. This book was released on 2000 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite a steady downturn in juvenile violent crime over the past several years, the 1990s witnessed a growing number of juveniles being waived or transferred to criminal court. This report examines the use made of adult criminal sanctions by 3 states: Minnesota, New Mexico, and Wisconsin. While each of these States has turned to the criminal justice system to buttress its juvenile justice system, each has done so in a different way with distinctive implications. This Report provides case studies of each State's approach to reform. The particular reform is detailed, its significance is noted, and its goals are elucidated. The impact of the reform is also described.
Book Synopsis Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-05 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decisionmaking that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and "get tough" pronouncements. In the midst of this emotional debate, the National Research Council's Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America's youth crime problem. This timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescentsâ€"trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistanceâ€"the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with ageâ€"and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates. Why do young people turn to delinquency? Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions: Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school- and community-based initiatives. Intervention within the juvenile justice system. Role of the police. Processing and detention of youth offenders. Transferring youths to the adult judicial system. Residential placement of juveniles. The book includes background on the American juvenile court system, useful comparisons with the juvenile justice systems of other nations, and other important information for assessing this problem.
Book Synopsis Reforming Juvenile Justice by : National Research Council
Download or read book Reforming Juvenile Justice written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescence is a distinct, yet transient, period of development between childhood and adulthood characterized by increased experimentation and risk-taking, a tendency to discount long-term consequences, and heightened sensitivity to peers and other social influences. A key function of adolescence is developing an integrated sense of self, including individualization, separation from parents, and personal identity. Experimentation and novelty-seeking behavior, such as alcohol and drug use, unsafe sex, and reckless driving, are thought to serve a number of adaptive functions despite their risks. Research indicates that for most youth, the period of risky experimentation does not extend beyond adolescence, ceasing as identity becomes settled with maturity. Much adolescent involvement in criminal activity is part of the normal developmental process of identity formation and most adolescents will mature out of these tendencies. Evidence of significant changes in brain structure and function during adolescence strongly suggests that these cognitive tendencies characteristic of adolescents are associated with biological immaturity of the brain and with an imbalance among developing brain systems. This imbalance model implies dual systems: one involved in cognitive and behavioral control and one involved in socio-emotional processes. Accordingly adolescents lack mature capacity for self-regulations because the brain system that influences pleasure-seeking and emotional reactivity develops more rapidly than the brain system that supports self-control. This knowledge of adolescent development has underscored important differences between adults and adolescents with direct bearing on the design and operation of the justice system, raising doubts about the core assumptions driving the criminalization of juvenile justice policy in the late decades of the 20th century. It was in this context that the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) asked the National Research Council to convene a committee to conduct a study of juvenile justice reform. The goal of Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach was to review recent advances in behavioral and neuroscience research and draw out the implications of this knowledge for juvenile justice reform, to assess the new generation of reform activities occurring in the United States, and to assess the performance of OJJDP in carrying out its statutory mission as well as its potential role in supporting scientifically based reform efforts.
Book Synopsis Juveniles at Risk by : Christopher Slobogin
Download or read book Juveniles at Risk written by Christopher Slobogin and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-01 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Slobogin and Fondacaro present their vision for a new juvenile justice system, founded on the evidence at hand and promoting the principles of rehabilitation and reintegration into society. The authors develop their juvenile justice policy proposals effectively by carefully addressing the problems with past policy approches and recent theoretical contributions.
Book Synopsis Juvenile Crime and Anticipated Punishment by : Ashna Arora
Download or read book Juvenile Crime and Anticipated Punishment written by Ashna Arora and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are juvenile offenders deterred by criminal sanctions? Existing research indicates that they are not, as offending decreases only marginally when individuals cross the age of criminal majority and begin to face harsher, adult-level sanctions. Dynamic models of criminal behavior predict, however, that these small reactions close to the age threshold may mask larger responses away from, or in anticipation of, the age threshold. I use raise-the-age reforms in the United States to show that juvenile crime increases when the age of criminal majority is increased. As predicted by dynamic models of crime, these effects are driven by age groups well below the age of criminal majority. Further, the increase is driven by crime categories that are most likely to be related to street gangs as per the FBI's National Gang Report, consistent with a model of criminal capital accumulation. Alternative mechanisms like peer effects are discussed, but are not supported by the data. In sum, this paper focuses on crime as a dynamic process, and shows that offenders can respond in anticipation of increases in criminal sanctions. Accounting for these anticipatory responses can overturn the conclusion that harsh sanctions do not deter juvenile crime.
Download or read book The War on Kids written by Cara H. Drinan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite inventing the juvenile court a little more than a century ago, the United States has become an international outlier in its juvenile sentencing practices. The War on Kids explains how that happened and how policymakers can correct the course of juvenile justice today.
Book Synopsis Juvenile Justice in America by : Clemens Bartollas
Download or read book Juvenile Justice in America written by Clemens Bartollas and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 2005 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For juvenile justice/juvenile delinquency courses in Criminal Justice, Criminology and Sociology departments. Fully focused on the important issues, emerging trends, contemporary research, and special challenges facing juvenile justice today, this comprehensive exploration of the American juvenile justice system covers the history and philosophy of juvenile justice, the current practices for processing youthful offenders, the detention of juveniles, and the diversion of youth from the juvenile justice system. Unique in its approach, it gives students an "up-close and personal" view of the fascinating and sometimes tragic world of the juvenile offender and the personal, psychological and thinking processes that characterize juvenile misbehavior.
Download or read book Sentencing & Corrections written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Juvenile Justice written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book OJJDP Research 2000 written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NCJRS Catalog written by and published by . This book was released on 2000-07 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Controversies in Juvenile Justice and Delinquency by : Peter J. Benekos
Download or read book Controversies in Juvenile Justice and Delinquency written by Peter J. Benekos and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-10-10 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After providing a history of the development of the juvenile court, this book explores some of the most important current controversies in juvenile justice. Original essays review major theories of juvenile delinquency, explore psychological and biological factors that may explain delinquent behavior, and examine the nexus between substance abuse and delinquency. A final chapter provides a comparative analysis.
Book Synopsis Juvenile Justice by : John T. Whitehead
Download or read book Juvenile Justice written by John T. Whitehead and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-02-20 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Juvenile Justice: An Introduction, 8th edition, presents a comprehensive picture of juvenile offending, delinquency theories, and how juvenile justice actors and agencies react to delinquency. It covers the history and development of the juvenile justice system and the unique issues related to juveniles, offering evidence-based suggestions for successful interventions and treatment and examining the new balance model of juvenile court. This new edition not only includes the latest available statistics on juvenile crime and victimization, drug use, court processing, and corrections, but provides insightful analysis of recent developments, such as those related to the use of probation supervision fees; responses to gangs and cyber bullying; implementing the deterrence model (Project Hope); the possible impact of drug legalization; the school-to-prison pipeline; the extent of victimization and mental illness in institutions; and implications of major court decisions regarding juveniles, such as Life Without Parole (LWOP) for juveniles. Each chapter enhances student understanding with Key Terms, a "What You Need to Know" section highlighting important points, and Discussion Questions. Links at key points in the text show students where they can go to get the latest information, and a comprehensive glossary aids comprehension.
Download or read book Juvenile Offenders and Victims written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Social History of Crime and Punishment in America: A-De by : Wilbur R. Miller
Download or read book The Social History of Crime and Punishment in America: A-De written by Wilbur R. Miller and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2012-08-10 with total page 2713 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive and authoratative four-volume work surveys the history and philosophy of crime, punishment, and criminal justice institutions in America from colonial times to the present.
Book Synopsis Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications by :
Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Last Chance in Texas by : John Hubner
Download or read book Last Chance in Texas written by John Hubner and published by Random House (NY). This book was released on 2005 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This wrenching, but ultimately uplifting, look at one of the country's most crucial social issues--violent youth--takes readers inside the Giddings State School in Texas, one of the most aggressive and successful programs for violent young offenders. High school & older.
