Justo Rufino Barrios

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The Story of Rufino

Author : João José Reis
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019022438X
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The Story of Rufino by : João José Reis

Download or read book The Story of Rufino written by João José Reis and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-12-09 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Casa de las América Prize for Brazilian Literature, The Story of Rufino reconstructs the lively biography of Rufino José Maria, set against the historical context of Brazil and Africa in the nineteenth century. The book tells the story of Rufino or Abuncare, a Yoruba Muslim from the kingdom of Oyo, in present-day Nigeria. Enslaved as an adolescent by a rival ethnic group, he was captured by Brazilian slave traders and taken to Brazil as a slave sometime in the early 1820s. In 1835, after being enslaved in Salvador and Rio Grande do Sul, Rufino bought his freedom with money he made as a hired-out slave and perhaps from making Islamic amulets. He found work in Rio de Janeiro as a cook on a slave ship bound for Luanda in Angola, despite the trans-Atlantic slave trade having been illegal in Brazil since 1831. Rufino himself became a petty slave trader. He made a few voyages before his ship was captured by the British and taken to Sierra Leone in 1841 for trial by the Anglo-Brazilian Mixed Commission to determine if it was equipped for the slave trade, since there were no slaves on board. During the three months awaiting the court's decision, Rufino lived among Yoruba Muslims, his people, and attended Quranic and Arabic classes. He later returned to Sierra Leone as a witness in a court case and attended classes with Muslim masters for almost two years. Once back in Brazil, he established himself as a diviner -- serving whites and blacks, free and slaves, Brazilians and Africans, Muslim and non-Muslims -- as well as a spiritual leader, an Alufa, in the local Afro-Muslim community. In 1853 Rufino was arrested due to rumors of an imminent African slave revolt. The police used as evidence for his arrest the large number of Arabic manuscripts in his possession, the same kind of material the police had found with Muslim rebels in Bahia thirty years earlier. During his interrogation, Rufino told his life story, which is used to reconstruct the world in which he lived under slavery and in freedom on African shores, aboard slave ships, and in Brazil. An extraordinary Atlantic history carefully pieced together from the archives, The Story of Rufino illuminates the complexities of slavery and freedom in Africa and Brazil and the resilience of ethnic and religious identities.

Silence on the Mountain

Author : Daniel Wilkinson
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780822333685
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (336 download)

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Book Synopsis Silence on the Mountain by : Daniel Wilkinson

Download or read book Silence on the Mountain written by Daniel Wilkinson and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a young human rights worker, "Silence on the Mountain" is a virtuoso work of reporting and a masterfully plotted narrative tracing the history of Guatemala's 36-year internal war, a conflict that claimed the lives of more than 200,000 people.

Doing Business with the Dictators

Author : Paul J. Dosal
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9780842025904
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (259 download)

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Book Synopsis Doing Business with the Dictators by : Paul J. Dosal

Download or read book Doing Business with the Dictators written by Paul J. Dosal and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 1995 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United Fruit Company (UFCO) developed an unprecedented relationship with Guatemala. By 1944, UFCO owned 566,000 acres, employed 20,000 people, and operated 96 per cent of Guatemala's 719 miles of railroad.

A Beauty That Hurts

Author : W. George Lovell
Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 029279293X
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (927 download)

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Book Synopsis A Beauty That Hurts by : W. George Lovell

Download or read book A Beauty That Hurts written by W. George Lovell and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Though a 1996 peace accord brought a formal end to a conflict that had lasted for thirty-six years, Guatemala's violent past continues to scar its troubled present and seems destined to haunt its uncertain future. George Lovell brings to this revised and expanded edition of A Beauty That Hurts decades of fieldwork throughout Guatemala, as well as archival research. He locates the roots of conflict in geographies of inequality that arose during colonial times and were exacerbated by the drive to develop Guatemala's resources in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The lines of confrontation were entrenched after a decade of socioeconomic reform between 1944 and 1954 saw modernizing initiatives undone by a military coup backed by U.S. interests and the CIA. A United Nations Truth Commission has established that civil war in Guatemala claimed the lives of more that 200,000 people, the vast majority of them indigenous Mayas. Lovell weaves documentation about what happened to Mayas in particular during the war years with accounts of their difficult personal situations. Meanwhile, an intransigent elite and a powerful military continue to benefit from the inequalities that triggered armed insurrection in the first place. Weak and corrupt civilian governments fail to impose the rule of law, thus ensuring that Guatemala remains an embattled country where postwar violence and drug-related crime undermine any semblance of orderly, peaceful life.

Our Elders Teach Us

Author : David Carey
Publisher : University of Alabama Press
ISBN 13 : 081731119X
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis Our Elders Teach Us by : David Carey

Download or read book Our Elders Teach Us written by David Carey and published by University of Alabama Press. This book was released on 2001-11-13 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By casting a wide net for his interviews - from tiny hamlets to bustling Guatemala City - Carey gained insight into more than a single community or a single group of Maya."--BOOK JACKET.

Caudillos

Author : Hugh M. Hamill
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
ISBN 13 : 9780806124285
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (242 download)

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Book Synopsis Caudillos by : Hugh M. Hamill

Download or read book Caudillos written by Hugh M. Hamill and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this major revision of the Borzoi Book Dictatorship in Spanish America, editor Hugh Hamill has presented conflicting interpretations of caudillismo in twenty-seven essays written by an international group of historians, anthropologists, sociologists, political scientists, journalists, and caudillos themselves. The selections represent revisionists, apologists, enemies, and even a victim of caudillos. The personalities discussed include the Mexican priest Miguel Hidalgo, the Argentinian gaucho Facundo Quiroga, the Guatemalan Rafael Carrera, the Colombian Rafael Núñez, Mexico’s Porfirio Díaz, the Somoza family of Nicaragua, the Dominican "Benefactor" Rafael Trujillo, the Argentinians Juan Perón and his wife Evita, Paraguay’s Alfredo Stroessner - called "The Tyrannosaur," Chile’s Augusto Pinochet, and Cuba’s Fidel Castro.

Protestantism in Guatemala

Author : Virginia Garrard-Burnett
Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 9780292728172
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Protestantism in Guatemala by : Virginia Garrard-Burnett

Download or read book Protestantism in Guatemala written by Virginia Garrard-Burnett and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Guatemala has undergone an unprecedented conversion to Protestantism since the 1970s, so that thirty percent of its people now belong to Protestant churches, more than in any other Latin American nation. To illuminate some of the causes of this phenomenon, Virginia Garrard-Burnett here offers the first history of Protestantism in a Latin American country, focusing specifically on the rise of Protestantism within the ethnic and political history of Guatemala. Garrard-Burnett finds that while Protestant missionaries were early valued for their medical clinics, schools, translation projects, and especially for the counterbalance they provided against Roman Catholicism, Protestantism itself attracted few converts in Guatemala until the 1960s. Since then, however, the militarization of the state, increasing public violence, and the "globalization" of Guatemalan national politics have undermined the traditional ties of kinship, custom, and belief that gave Guatemalans a sense of identity, and many are turning to Protestantism to recreate a sense of order, identity, and belonging.

The History of Coffee in Guatemala

Author : Regina Wagner
Publisher : Villegas Asociados
ISBN 13 : 9588156017
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (881 download)

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Book Synopsis The History of Coffee in Guatemala by : Regina Wagner

Download or read book The History of Coffee in Guatemala written by Regina Wagner and published by Villegas Asociados. This book was released on 2001 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After it emerged as a market commodity in the 18th century, coffee was easily adapted to cultivation in the highlands of Central America. Guatemala in particular has relied on coffee cultivation as a part of its economic identity: it has been a premier export crop for over 300 years. The importance of coffee to the country lies in the large labour investment in each stage of production. The book covers agricultural, social, and cultural aspects of coffee culture in Guatemala in old photographs, charts, tables and maps. Wagner's work shows how Guatemala has met the economic complexity to which this product is subject, and why coffee remains the solid foundation crop of the country today.

Piety, Power, and Politics

Author : Douglas Sullivan-González
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Pre
ISBN 13 : 0822970503
Total Pages : 199 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (229 download)

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Book Synopsis Piety, Power, and Politics by : Douglas Sullivan-González

Download or read book Piety, Power, and Politics written by Douglas Sullivan-González and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2014-01-29 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Douglass Sullivan Gonzalez examines the influence of religion on the development of nationalism in Guatemala during the period 1821-1871, focusing on the relationship between Rafael Carrera amd the Guatemalan Catholic Church. He illustrates the peculiar and fascinating blend of religious fervor, popular power, and caudillo politics that inspired a multiethnic and multiclass alliance to defend the Guatemalan nation in the mid-nineteenth century.Led by the military strongman Rafael Carrera, an unlikely coalition of mestizos, Indians, and creoles (whites born in the Americas) overcame a devastating civil war in the late 1840s and withstood two threats (1851 and 1863) from neighboring Honduras and El Salvador that aimed at reintegrating conservative Guatemala into a liberal federation of Central American nations.Sullivan-Gonzalez shows that religious discourse and ritual were crucial to the successful construction and defense of independent Guatemala. Sermons commemorating independence from Spain developed a covenantal theology that affirmed divine protection if the Guatemalan people embraced Catholicism. Sullivan-Gonzalez examines the extent to which this religious and nationalist discourse was popularly appropriated.Recently opened archives of the Guatemalan Catholic Church revealed that the largely mestizo population of the central and eastern highlands responded favorably to the church's message. Records indicate that Carrera depended upon the clerics' ability to pacify the rebellious inhabitants during Guatemala's civil war (1847-1851) and to rally them to Guatemala's defense against foreign invaders. Though hostile to whites and mestizos, the majority indigenous population of the western highlands identified with Carrera as their liberator. Their admiration for and loyalty to Carrera allowed them a territory that far exceeded their own social space.Though populist and antidemocratic, the historic legacy of the Carrera years is the Guatemalan nation. Sullivan-Gonzalez details how theological discourse, popular claims emerging from mestizo and Indian communities, and the caudillo's ability to finesse his enemies enabled Carrera to bring together divergent and contradictory interests to bind many nations into one.

La Patria del Criollo

Author : Severo Martínez Peláez
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822392062
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

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Book Synopsis La Patria del Criollo by : Severo Martínez Peláez

Download or read book La Patria del Criollo written by Severo Martínez Peláez and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2009-05-15 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This translation of Severo Martínez Peláez’s La Patria del Criollo, first published in Guatemala in 1970, makes a classic, controversial work of Latin American history available to English-language readers. Martínez Peláez was one of Guatemala’s foremost historians and a political activist committed to revolutionary social change. La Patria del Criollo is his scathing assessment of Guatemala’s colonial legacy. Martínez Peláez argues that Guatemala remains a colonial society because the conditions that arose centuries ago when imperial Spain held sway have endured. He maintains that economic circumstances that assure prosperity for a few and deprivation for the majority were altered neither by independence in 1821 nor by liberal reform following 1871. The few in question are an elite group of criollos, people of Spanish descent born in Guatemala; the majority are predominantly Maya Indians, whose impoverishment is shared by many mixed-race Guatemalans. Martínez Peláez asserts that “the coffee dictatorships were the full and radical realization of criollo notions of the patria.” This patria, or homeland, was one that criollos had wrested from Spaniards in the name of independence and taken control of based on claims of liberal reform. He contends that since labor is needed to make land productive, the exploitation of labor, particularly Indian labor, was a necessary complement to criollo appropriation. His depiction of colonial reality is bleak, and his portrayal of Spanish and criollo behavior toward Indians unrelenting in its emphasis on cruelty and oppression. Martínez Peláez felt that the grim past he documented surfaces each day in an equally grim present, and that confronting the past is a necessary step in any effort to improve Guatemala’s woes. An extensive introduction situates La Patria del Criollo in historical context and relates it to contemporary issues and debates.

Historical Dictionary of Guatemala

Author : Michael F. Fry
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538111314
Total Pages : 473 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of Guatemala by : Michael F. Fry

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Guatemala written by Michael F. Fry and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2018-02-20 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Guatemala holds a dual image. For more than a century, travel writers, explorers, and movie producers have painted the country as an exotic place, a land of tropical forests and the home of the ancient and living Maya. Archaeological ruins, abandoned a millennium ago, have enhanced their depictions with a wistful, dreamy aura of bygone days of pagan splendor, and the unique colorful textiles of rural Maya today connect nostalgically with that distant past. Inspired by that vision, fascinated tourists have flocked there for the past six decades. Most have not been disappointed; it is a genuine facet of a complex land. Guatemala is also portrayed as a poor, violent, repressive country ruled by greedy tyrants with the support of an entrenched elite—the archetypal banana republic. The media and scholarly studies consistently confirm that fair assessment of the social, political, and economic reality. The Historical Dictionary of Guatemala contains a chronology, an introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 700 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Guatemala.

War by Other Means

Author : Carlota McAllister
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822377403
Total Pages : 403 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

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Book Synopsis War by Other Means by : Carlota McAllister

Download or read book War by Other Means written by Carlota McAllister and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2013-10-14 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between 1960 and 1996, Guatemala's civil war claimed 250,000 lives and displaced one million people. Since the peace accords, Guatemala has struggled to address the legacy of war, genocidal violence against the Maya, and the dismantling of alternative projects for the future. War by Other Means brings together new essays by leading scholars of Guatemala from a range of geographical backgrounds and disciplinary perspectives. Contributors consider a wide range of issues confronting present-day Guatemala: returning refugees, land reform, gang violence, neoliberal economic restructuring, indigenous and women's rights, complex race relations, the politics of memory, and the challenges of sustaining hope. From a sweeping account of Guatemalan elites' centuries-long use of violence to suppress dissent to studies of intimate experiences of complicity and contestation in richly drawn localities, War by Other Means provides a nuanced reckoning of the injustices that made genocide possible and the ongoing attempts to overcome them. Contributors. Santiago Bastos, Jennifer Burrell, Manuela Camus, Matilde González-Izás, Jorge Ramón González Ponciano, Greg Grandin, Paul Kobrak, Deborah T. Levenson, Carlota McAllister, Diane M. Nelson, Elizabeth Oglesby, Luis Solano, Irmalicia Velásquez Nimatuj, Paula Worby

Armies Without Nations

Author : Robert H. Holden
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0195310209
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Armies Without Nations by : Robert H. Holden

Download or read book Armies Without Nations written by Robert H. Holden and published by . This book was released on 2006-02-16 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public violence, a persistent feature of Latin American life since the collapse of Iberian rule in the 1820s, has been especially prominent in Central America. Robert H. Holden shows how public violence shaped the states that have governed Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Linking public violence and patrimonial political cultures, he shows how the early states improvised their authority by bargaining with armed bands or montoneras. Improvisation continued into the twentieth century as the bands were gradually superseded by semi-autonomous national armies, and as new agents of public violence emerged in the form of armed insurgencies and death squads. World War II, Holden argues, set into motion the globalization of public violence. Its most dramatic manifestation in Central America was the surge in U.S. military and police collaboration with the governments of the region, beginning with the Lend-Lease program of the 1940s and continuing through the Cold War. Although the scope of public violence had already been established by the people of the Central American countries, globalization intensified the violence and inhibited attempts to shrink its scope. Drawing on archival research in all five countries as well as in the United States, Holden elaborates the connections among the national, regional, and international dimensions of public violence. Armies Without Nations crosses the borders of Central American, Latin American, and North American history, providing a model for the study of global history and politics. Armies without Nations was a CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title for 2005.

Catalog

Author : University of Texas. Library. Latin American Collection
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 810 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Catalog by : University of Texas. Library. Latin American Collection

Download or read book Catalog written by University of Texas. Library. Latin American Collection and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Leaders and International Conflict

Author : Giacomo Chiozza
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139501666
Total Pages : 253 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (395 download)

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Book Synopsis Leaders and International Conflict by : Giacomo Chiozza

Download or read book Leaders and International Conflict written by Giacomo Chiozza and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-18 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chiozza and Goemans seek to explain why and when political leaders decide to initiate international crises and wars. They argue that the fate of leaders and the way leadership changes, shapes leaders' decisions to initiate international conflict. Leaders who anticipate regular removal from office, through elections for example, have little to gain and much to lose from international conflict, whereas leaders who anticipate a forcible removal from office, such as through coup or revolution, have little to lose and much to gain from conflict. This theory is tested against an extensive analysis of more than 80 years of international conflict and with an intensive historical examination of Central American leaders from 1848 to 1918. Leaders and International Conflict highlights the political nature of the choice between war and peace and will appeal to all scholars of international relations and comparative politics.

Bulletin of the Pan American Union

Author : Pan American Union
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 820 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Bulletin of the Pan American Union by : Pan American Union

Download or read book Bulletin of the Pan American Union written by Pan American Union and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Rough Guide to Guatemala (Travel Guide eBook)

Author : Rough Guides
Publisher : Rough Guides UK
ISBN 13 : 0241246814
Total Pages : 498 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (412 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rough Guide to Guatemala (Travel Guide eBook) by : Rough Guides

Download or read book The Rough Guide to Guatemala (Travel Guide eBook) written by Rough Guides and published by Rough Guides UK. This book was released on 2015-10-01 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Rough Guide to Guatemala is the ultimate guide to this fascinating Central American country. Fully updated, it includes detailed accounts of every attraction and destination, along with clear, colour maps which will show you everything Guatemala has to offer, including ancient Maya sites, colonial cities, rainforest ruins and stunning lakes. The Rough Guide to Guatemala is packed full of insider tips about off-the-beaten-track destinations, hiking trails, surf spots, kayak and rafting trips and jungle walks, as well as reviews of all the best hotels, cafés, restaurants and bars for every budget. Whether you're taking in the astonishing Maya site of Tikal, relaxing in the laidback colonial city of Antigua, shopping for crafts in a traditional highlands market or trekking through the jungle, The Rough Guide to Guatemala is your essential guide.